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Medetera alexandri Negrobov, 1979 DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Kunashir Island (Negrobov, 1979: 656)., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 15, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Hercostomus rivulorum Stackelberg, 1934 DISTRIBUTION. Russia (Primorsky Krai, Sakhalin, Kuriles). Species was recorded from Kunashir Island (Nechai, 2011: 108)., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 15, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Neurigona kasparyani Negrobov, 1987 DISTRIBUTION. Russia (Sakhalin and Kunashir islands), Japan. This species was described from Kunashir Island (Alekhino) (Negrobov, 1987: 412)., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 16, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Dolichopus migrans Zetterstedt, 1843 DISTRIBUTION. Europe, Russia (European part, Siberia, Kamchatka, Magadan, Primorsky Krai, Kuriles), Kazakhstan. This species was recorded from Kuriles without definite locality (Negrobov, 1991: 108)., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 11, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Mesorhaga dimi Negrobov, 1984 DISTRIBUTION. Russia (Kunashir) (Negrobov, 1984b: 32), Korea., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 15, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Dolichopus stackelbergi Smirnov, 1948 DISTRIBUTION. This species was described from Primorsky Krai of Russia and was recorded from Kuriles without definite locality (Negrobov, 1991: 116)., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 13, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Medetera fasciata Frey, 1915 DISTRIBUTION. Europe, Russia. This species was recorded from Kuriles without definite locality (Negrobov, 1991: 125)., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 15, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Key to East Palaearctic species of the genus Sciapus (males) 1. Tarsi with one or more segments enlarged (often slightly) …............................................. 2 – All tarsi simple, at most some segments with erect setulae, or elongated, or sometimes 5th segment flattened dorsoventrally and slightly broadened …............................................. 5 2. Mid tarsus with 3rd segment not enlarged, and 4th segment slightly enlarged; fore tarsus simple; body length 5.5–5.8 mm (Primorye) ….................................................................................................................................. S. dytei Negrobov, Maslova et Selivanova, 2012 – Mid tarsus simple; fore tarsus with 4th segment bearing dorsal lobe …............................... 3 3. Acrostichals present; wing vein dm-m straight; body length 7.9–8.1 mm (Primorye, Sakhalin) …............................................................. S. paradoxus Negrobov et Shamshev, 1986 – Acrostichals absent; wing vein dm-m strongly convex ….................................................... 4 4. Epandrial lobe much longer than epandrium, bearing long hairs; antennal pedicel with pale bristles; hind basitarsus much longer than next segment; body length 5.0–8.0 mm (TransPalaearctic) …....................................................................... S. nervosus (Lehmann, 1822) – Epandrial lobe shorter than epandrium, sparsely ciliated; antennal pedicel with dark bristles; body length 6.0 mm (Amurian Region, Primorye) …...................... S. roderi Parent, 1929 5. Frons, mesonotum and abdomen entirely shining green, only very feebly dusted; cerci mostly fused, each cercus with long free distal projection; organ X (ventral cercal projection) reduced ….......................................................................................................................... 6 – Frons, thorax and abdomen not shining, densely pollinose, sometimes with shining spots or stripes; cerci fused, organ X large …................................................................................. 7 6. Distoventral projection of cercus with short simple setae; surstylus with simple setae at apex; body length 4.7–4.9 mm (Primorye) …............................................................................................................................................ S. incognitus Negrobov et Shamshev, 1986 – Distoventral projection of cercus with ventral fringe of strong flattened bristles and 1 long undulate flattened apical seta; ventral process of surstylus with 2 long undulate flattened apical setae; body length 5.0 mm (Kunashir) ….................................. S. basarukini sp. n. 7. Abdomen entirely dark, rarely with yellow-brown spots laterally at base; body length 4.8 mm (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Primorye) …...... S. sibiricus Negrobov et Shamshev, 1986 – Abdominal segments 1-4 at least partly yellow.................................................................... 8 8. Lobes of organ X bifurcate, with short apical setae; body length 5.0 mm (Gansu, Inner Mongolia) …..................................................................................... S. flexicornis Parent, 1944 – Lobes of organ X fused to apex, thin and beaked at apex, with curved dorsally distal process; with uninterrupted row of ventral setae decreasing in length towards apex; fore and mid tarsi covered with erect setulae; body length 3.6 mm (Yakutia) …............................................................................................................. S. vladimiri Grichanov et Negrobov, 2014, Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Dolichopus pennatus Meigen, 1824 DISTRIBUTION. Europe, Russia (European part, Siberia, Far East), Turkey, Mongolia. This species was recorded from Kuriles without definite locality (Negrobov, 1991: 111)., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 12, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752, {"references":["Porphyrops Meigen, 1824 (sensu Becker, 1918). This is first record of the genus Rhaphium from Paramushir Island."]}

Neurigona anomaloptera Negrobov, 1987 DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Kunashir Island (Negrobov, 1987: 415)., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 15, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Dolichopus storozhenkoi Negrobov, Selivanova et Maslova, 2016 MATERIAL EXAMINED. Zelyonyi I.: 2.VIII 1955, 1 ♀, Violovitsh. DISTRIBUTION. Russia (Sakhalin I., Kurile Is.: Kunashir and Shikotan) (Negrobov et al., 2016: 34). It is first record from Zelyonyi Island., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 13, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Microphorella emiliae Shamshev, 2004 DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Kunashir Island (Shamshev, 2004: 528)., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 15, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Dolichopus basalis Loew, 1859 MATERIAL EXAMINED. Shumshu Is.: 24.VII 1978, 1♂, V. Barkalov. DISTRIBUTION. Russia (from East Siberia to Kamchatka), Korea. It is first record of this species from Kurile Islands., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya. & Selivanova, O. O., 2022, The long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Kurile Islands, with description of a new species of the genus Sciapus Zeller, 1842, pp. 7-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 445 on page 10, DOI: 10.25221/fee.445.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7166752

Key characters and notes on composition of 82 Palaearctic genera of Dolichopodidae s. str. and 5 genera of Microphorinae andParathalassiinae are listed along with habitus illustrations of some typical and rare Palaearctic species. &nbsp

Genus Mascaromyia Bickel, 1994 Diagnosis. See Bickel [1994], Grichanov [2017] and Grichanov and Brooks [2017] for diagnosis of the genus. An adaptive radiation of the generic group on the Mascarene islands is briefly discussed by Grichanov [2017]. Thirty one species of Mascaromyia are known from western Indian Ocean islands, including three species known only by females. The body length of flies occurring on the Island is 3 to 5 mm. Females of close species are practically indistinguishable. Key to Mascaromyia species from Mauritius (males) 1. Thoracic pleura entirely yellow; lateral margins of mesonotum and basal segments of abdomen yellowbrownish (female of M. rufiventris (Macquart, 1842) belongs to this group)...................................................... 2 − Thorax and abdomen metallic; at most metapleuron and first two abdominal segments partly yellow (females of M. desjardinsi (Macquart, 1842) and M. mauritiensis (Parent, 1939) belong to this group)............................. 4 2. Vein M 2 and apical part of M 4 absent without fold or indication on membrane.... M. bickeli Grichanov, 1996 − Wing venation undistorted.................................................. 3 3. Hind leg yellow; fore basitarsus shorter than fore tibia............................................... M. babichae Grichanov, 1996 − Hind leg mostly brown; hind tibia white in basal 1/3; fore basitarsus 1.3 times as long as fore tibia.................................................................. M. makhotkini Grichanov, 1996 4. Fore femur with ventral row of mainly black fine bristles decreasing in length distally, with basal bristle yellow-brown, 1.5 times longer than femur height; mid femur with ventral row of white hairs; segment 5 of fore tarsus black, enlarged and flattened dorsoventrally.................................................................... M. courtoisi sp. n. − Fore femur without long bristles, at most with 1−2 fine setae at base; mid femur usually bare; other features various................................................................................. 5 5. Fore basitarsus about as long as rest tarsomeres; posterior margin of wing in apical half foggy........................................................................... M. leptogaster (Thomson, 1869) − Fore basitarsus long and thin, more than twice as long as rest tarsomeres; wing evenly darkened or hyaline...... 6 6. Face nearly as wide as postpedicel..................................... 7 − Eyes nearly contiguous in the middle of face..................... 8 7. Last segment of fore tarsus strongly enlarged, black................................................ M. shabuninae Grichanov, 1996 − Last tarsomere simple, short, darkened.............................................................................. M. hutsoni Grichanov, 1996 8. Hind tarsus white...................... M. albitarsis Parent, 1935 – Hind tarsus dark-brown....................................................... 9 9. Antenna yellow, legs yellow, tarsi brownish; fore basitarsus 10 times longer than 2 nd− 5 th tarsomeres combined................................. M. dytei Grichanov, 1996 − Antenna black, hind femur progressively brown towards apex, hind tibia brown; fore basitarsus at most 3 times longer than 2 nd− 5 th tarsomeres combined.................. 10 10. Fore tarsus white, with basitarsus 3 times as long as rest tarsomeres....................... M. kalinkini Grichanov, 1996 − Fore tarsus dark, with basitarsus either 2 or 3 times as long as rest tarsomeres.................................................. 11 11. Fore basitarsus 3 times as long as rest tarsomeres............................................................................. M. rochati sp. n. − Fore basitarsus 2 times as long as rest tarsomeres.............................................................. M. frolovi Grichanov, 1996, Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya., 2020, Two new species of Mascaromyia Bickel, 1994 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Mauritius Island, pp. 201-205 in Caucasian Entomological Bulletin (Caucas. entomol. bull.) (Caucas. entomol. bull.) 16 (2) on pages 201-202, DOI: 10.23885/181433262020162-201205, {"references":["Bickel D. J. 1994. The Australian Sciapodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with a review of the Oriental and Australasian faunas, and a world conspectus of the subfamily. Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement. 21: 1 - 394. DOI: 10.3853 / j. 0812 - 7387.21.1994.50","Grichanov I. Ya., Brooks S. E. 2017. 56. Dolichopodidae (long-legged dance flies). In: Manual of Afrotropical Diptera, Volume 2. Nematocerous Diptera and lower Brachycera. Suricata 5. Pretoria: SANBI Graphics & Editing: 1265 - 1320.","Grichanov I. Ya. 1996. Eight new species of the genus Mascaromyia Bickel (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Indian Ocean islands. An International Journal of Dipterological Research. 7 (2): 109 - 118."]}

Mascaromyia courtoisi sp. n. (Figs 1−7) Material. Holotype, ♂ (NMSA): Mauritius, Le Pouce Mnt., UV light trap, 17.09.1963 (C.M. Courtois). Paratype: 1♂ (NMSA), same data. Description. Male (Fig. 1). Head (Fig. 2). Hair-like front vertical seta bends forward; face silvery white; eyes contiguous in middle of face; antenna(Fig. 3) slightly shorter than height of head, black; scape simple, elongated; pedicel with ring of short setulae and 1 dorsal seta longer than pedicel; postpedicel slightly longer than high at base (13/10), triangular, with acute apex, pubescent; stylus basodorsal, short haired; length (mm) of scape, pedicel, postpedicel, stylus (segments 1 and 2), 0.11: 0.06: 0.13: 0.12: 0.94. Thorax.Mesonotum dark bluish-green, grey pollinose, pleura brown-black with bronze-blue reflection, densely grey pollinose; metaepimeron black; five strong dorsocentral setae with a stiff hair in front of the 1 st one; scutellum with two strong setae and two very short lateral marginal hairs. Legs mostly yellow; mid and hind coxae brown; 5 th segment of fore tarsus deep black; mid tarsus brown from tip of basitarsus; hind femur brown dorsally in distal half, hind tibia progressively brown distally; hind tarsus black; fore coxa anteriorly with yellow hairs, one short black and one long golden apical setae, ending with a long thick whitish yellow worm-like thorn; mid coxa with two yellow apical setae anteriorly; hind coxa with one long black outer seta; legs thin, with weak setae; fore femur (Fig. 4) with ventral row of mainly black fine bristles decreasing in length distally, with basal bristle yellow-brown, 1.5−2 times longer than femur height, 2 nd and 3 rd bristles slightly longer than femur height; fore tibia and basitarsus with regular ventral pectination; 5 th tarsomere widened and dorsoventrally flattened, slightly longer than wide; mid femur with ventral row of white hairs; mid tibia with one anterodorsal and two posterodorsal setae, with few small ventrals; tarsus simple; hind tibia with one anterodorsal at basal 1/4, three dorsal and three rather small ventral setae; tarsus simple; basitarsus with short basoventral seta; femur, tibia and tarsomere (from first to fifth) length ratio (mm): fore leg: 1.25: 1.34: 1.35: 0.47: 0.51: 0.33: 0.14, mid leg: 1.4: 2.24: 1.81: 0.52: 0.44: 0.21: 0.17, hind leg: 1.84: 2.82: 1.01: 0.66: 0.44: 0.28: 0.14. Wing (Fig. 5) long and narrow, almost hyaline; veins brown; right wing of holotype with posterior stump vein on elbow of M 1; ratio of costal section between R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 to that between R 4 + 5 and M 1 + 2, 0.4: 0.1; ratio of crossvein dm-cu to apical part of M 1 + 2 (fork-handle) to apical part of M 4, 0.41: 0.77: 0.32; lower calypter dark-yellow, with black edging and yellow cilia; halter dirty yellow. Abdomen thin, greenish black, weakly shining; 1 st tergite black; unmodified segments combined about 2.5 times as long as mesonotum; sternites with short sparse light hairs, brown; 1 st tergite with long light hairs and 2 pairs of black marginal setae; other tergites with short light and dark hairs and short black setae; 7 th abdominal segment and hypopygium (Figs 6, 7) black; 7 th segment short, as long as 6 th segment, with short sparse hairs; 8 th segment with several long setae; epandrium rounded, as long as 7 th segment, strongly sclerotized, projected distally; phallus with dorsal tooth; cercus swollen in basal 1/3, with long and narrow distal part covered with short hairs, numerous dorsal and ventral setae and two long apical setae, with two large basoventral projections of unequal length; distal projection rounded, bearing two very long setae distally and long process having three spatulate setae; basal projection bifurcated, with shorter distal arm and long and strongly curved proximal arm reaching ventral side of epandrium; distal arm of basal projection bearing long thick seta and ovate process at apex; proximal arm of basal projection leaf-like in apical half; surstylus black, subquadrate, with several short apical setae; epandrial lobe small, subtriangular, bearing three short setae. Measurements (mm). Body length 4.9; antenna length 1.1; wing length 4.1; wing width 1.2. Female unknown. Diagnosis. Mascaromyia courtoisi sp. n. belongs to the leptogaster group of species [Grichanov, 2017], being close to M. loici Grichanov, 2003 from Réunion, which differs from the new species in fore tarsus with yellow 5 th segment; fore femur with 1−2 fine ventral setae at base; cercus shorter than epandrium, semiglobular, strongly swollen, with short, nearly right-angular apex [Grichanov, 2003]. Distribution. Mauritius. Etymology. The species name is dedicated to its collector, C.M. Courtois., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya., 2020, Two new species of Mascaromyia Bickel, 1994 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Mauritius Island, pp. 201-205 in Caucasian Entomological Bulletin (Caucas. entomol. bull.) (Caucas. entomol. bull.) 16 (2) on page 202, DOI: 10.23885/181433262020162-201205, {"references":["Grichanov I. Ya. 2003. New Afrotropical Sciapodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) with some new synonymy. Russian Entomological Journal. 12 (3): 329 - 346."]}

Mascaromyia rochati sp. n. (Figs 8−14) Material. Holotype, ♂ (NMSA): Mauritius, Le Pouce Mnt., UV light trap, 17.09.1963 (C.M. Courtois). Description. Male (Fig. 8). Head (Fig. 9). Hair-like front vertical seta bends forward; face silvery white; eyes nearly contiguous in middle of face; antenna (Fig. 10) slightly shorter than height of head, black; scape simple; pedicel with ring of short setulae and one dorsal seta longer than pedicel; postpedicel slightly longer than high at base (13/11), triangular, with acute apex, pubescent; stylus basodorsal, short haired; length (mm) of scape, pedicel, postpedicel, stylus (segments 1 and 2), 0.8: 0.06: 0.13: 0.1: 0.68. Thorax.Mesonotum dark bluish-green, grey pollinose, pleura brown-black with bronze-blue reflection, densely grey pollinose; metaepimeron black; five strong dorsocentral setae with a stiff hair in front of the 1 st one; scutellum with two strong setae and two very short lateral marginal hairs. Legs mostly dirty yellow; mid and hind coxae black; fore tarsus brownish from middle of basitarsus; mid tarsus brown from tip of basitarsus; hind femur brown in distal third and dorsally in middle third, hind tibia progressively brown distally; hind tarsus brown-black; fore coxa anteriorly with yellow hairs, one short and one long black apical setae, ending with a long thin whitish yellow thorn; mid coxa with yellow outer hairs and small brush of yellow hairs at tip anteriorly; hind coxa with one long black external seta; legs thin, with weak setae; femora without remarkable ciliation ventrally; fore tarsus (Fig. 12) simple, with basitarsus thin and long, rest segments shortened; mid tibia with one anterodorsal and two posterodorsal setae; tarsus simple; hind tibia with 4−5 dorsals in middle and few rather small ventral setae; tarsus simple; basitarsus with short basoventral seta; femur, tibia and tarsomere (from first to fifth) length ratio (mm): fore leg: 1.05: 1.12: 1.29: 0.13: 0.1: 0.08: 0.1, mid leg: 1.23: 1.99: 1.3: 0.38: 0.3: 0.18: 0.11, hind leg: 1.73: 2.37: 0.84: 0.5: 0.34: 0.21: 0.13. Wing (Fig. 13) long and narrow, evenly grey; veins brown; ratio of costal section between R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 to that between R 4 + 5 and M 1, 0.35: 0.05; ratio of crossvein dm-cu to apical part of M 1 + 2 (fork-handle) to apical part of M 4, 0.37: 0.62: 0.25; lower calypter dark-yellow, with black edging and yellow cilia; halter dirty yellow. Abdomen thin, greenish black, weakly shining; 1 st tergite black; unmodified segments combined about 2.5 times as long as mesonotum; sternites with short sparse light hairs, brown; 1 st tergite with long light hairs, 1 pair of yellow and 2 pairs of black long marginal setae; other tergites with short dark hairs and short black setae; 7 th abdominal segment and hypopygium (Fig. 14) black; 7 th segment with short sparse hairs; 8 th segment with several long setae; phallus simple; cercus brown-black, swollen at middle, with acute apex, dorsally and laterally setose, with light hairs and two dirty yellow ventral projections of equal length; distal projection bearing two long setae at middle, three apical seta, i.e. long hooked flattened seta, long simple flattened seta and short simple pedunculate seta; basal projection strongly curved, broad, bifurcated, with two leaf-like lobes in apical half; surstylus black, with short narrow subapical process and three long apical setae; epandrial lobe finger-like, with three apical setae. Measurements (mm): body length 4.5; antenna length 0.9; wing length 3.3; wing width 1.1. Female unknown. Diagnosis. Mascaromyia rochati sp. n. belongs to the leptogaster group of species [Grichanov, 2017], being close to M. frolovi from Mauritius, which differs from the new species in fore basitarsus 2 times as long as rest tarsomeres; cercus with acute apex, with long thin basoventral projection, and with apicoventral appendix directed basally and bearing a long basal outer seta, two apical spatulate bristles [Grichanov, 1996]. Distribution. Mauritius. Etymology. The species name is dedicated to Dr J. Rochat (the Museum of Natural History of La Réunion, Réunion Island, France)., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya., 2020, Two new species of Mascaromyia Bickel, 1994 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Mauritius Island, pp. 201-205 in Caucasian Entomological Bulletin (Caucas. entomol. bull.) (Caucas. entomol. bull.) 16 (2) on pages 203-205, DOI: 10.23885/181433262020162-201205, {"references":["Grichanov I. Ya. 1996. Eight new species of the genus Mascaromyia Bickel (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Indian Ocean islands. An International Journal of Dipterological Research. 7 (2): 109 - 118."]}

Genus Hercostomus Loew, 1857 Hercostomus exarticulatus species group Diagnosis. Body size 2–3 mm. Male. Head about as wide as high; antenna black; postpedicel rounded-ovate, with distinct apex, about as long as high, with short hairs; arista-like stylus mid-dorsal, about 2 times longer than antennomeres combined; distal segment of arista with short hairs; frons grey pollinose, nearly parallel-sided, wider than high; eyes finely haired; face densely white pollinose, narrow; clypeus small, slightly bulging; palpus small, with few hairs and 1 seta; proboscis short, with hairs; upper postocular setae black, lower postoculars yellow. Thorax with all setae black; pronotum pubescent, with black hairs; proepisternum with 1 long black bristle above fore coxa; mesonotum dark with metallic reflection, weakly grey pollinose; 6 dorsocentral setae, 8–10 well developed acrostichals, biserial, almost reaching 5 th pair of dorsocentrals; pleura dark, with whitish grey pruinosity, in front of posterior spiracle bare; metapleuron bare; scutellum black with bluish reflection, with 2 strong medial setae and 2 short lateral setae or hairs. Legs mostly yellow, hairs and setae black; fore coxa yellow or blackish (exarticulatus); mid and hind coxae dark with yellow apex, tarsi simple except hind basitarsus; fore leg with coxa bearing black hairs anteriorly and 3 black setae apically, fore femur with preapical posterior seta, fore tibia with few short anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae, 2–3 short apicals, with anterodorsal comb-like row of setae distally, no long apicoventral seta; midleg with coxa bearing some black hairs and setae laterally and apically, mid femur with 1 strong anterior preapical seta and 1 posteroventral preapical seta, with more or less distinct glabrous ventral tubercle at base; mid tibia usually with 3 anterodorsal, 2 posterodorsal and 5 apical bristles; hind leg with coxa bearing 1 strong seta at middle and 1 fine seta at apex, hind femur with row of dorsal setae on basal half, 1 anterior preapical bristle at apical quarter, hind tibia with some strong anterodorsal, posterodorsal, 3 apical bristles, row of 3–5 short ventral setae, densely covered with elongate setulae posteroventrally on distal half, with apical posteroventral comb of about 10 setulae and rounded or triangular or ovate dorsolateral apical projection covering distal excavation; hind basitarsus distinctly shorter than next tarsomere, with 3–4 short ventral setae, usually slightly curved at base, slightly swollen and flattened and/or excavated at extreme base, bearing ventrolateral thick seta or spine basally; apical projection of hind tibia and basal spine of hind basitarsus forming peculiar hitching lock between tibia and basitarsus. Wing about 3 times longer than wide; membrane almost hyaline or greyish; costa simple, with short black setae dorsally; R 1 and R 2 + 3 almost straight; R 4 + 5 slightly convex anteriorly; M 1 with week curvation towards R 4 + 5 in middle of distal half, almost straight in distal section; R 4 + 5 and M subparallel at apex of wing; M 1 joining costa at wing apex; distal part of M 4 about 2 times longer than dm-m; anal vein distinct; anal angle obtuse; lower calypter yellow with black cilia; halter yellow. Abdomen entirely dark and shiny dorsally, whitish grey pollinose laterally, with black hairs and long marginal setae; 6 th and 7 th segments bare, 7 th segment with well developed tergum and sternum; 8 th segment pear-like, with black cilia dorsally. Epandrium slightly longer than high, ovate or cuboidal, flattened basally; hypandrium mostly free, forming 2 pairs of symmetrical lobes reaching apex of small distoventral epandrial lobe; phallus long, thin;anteroventral part of postgonite not developed; posterodorsal portion strongly developed, long, horn-like, curved ventrally; surstylus bilobed, with dorsal lobe larger and broader than ventral lobe; cercus brown (exarticulatus) or yellow, dark at apex, band-like, strongly curved and directed ventrally; one subtriangular and one semirounded projections at middle of cercus. Female similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual characters. Face wider than that in male. Included species. Hercostomus exarticulatus (Loew, 1857); Hercostomus exarticulatoides Stackelberg, 1949; Hercostomus canariensis Santos Abreu, 1929; Hercostomus vodjanovi Negrobov, Maslova et Selivanova, 2016. Notes. According to Brooks [2005], species of the exarticulatus group key to the Hercostomus longiventris lineage. According to the old keys to the Palaearctic Hercostomus species, the exarticulatus group belongs to the traditional 2 nd group of species [Negrobov et al., 2012], although H. exarticulatus itself with partly dark femora has been usually included in the 4 th group as well [Negrobov, Nechay, 2009b]. According to Yang et al. [2011], species of the exarticulatus group come to H. curvus group differing from the former in wholly black postocular setae and hypopygium morphology. The two species of the curvus group are known only from Oriental China., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya., Nourti, M. & Kettani, K., 2020, The Hercostomus exarticulatus species group in the Palaearctic Region (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), pp. 27-34 in Caucasian Entomological Bulletin (Caucas. entomol. bull.) (Caucas. entomol. bull.) 16 (1) on pages 27-28, DOI: 10.23885/181433262020161-2734, {"references":["Loew H. 1857. Neue Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Dipteren. Funfter Beitrag. Programme der Koniglichen Realschule zu Meseritz: 1 - 56.","Stackelberg A. A. 1949. Species of the genus Hercostomus Lw. (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) of the Middle Asiatic fauna. In: Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii nauk SSSR. T. 8, N 4 [Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences. Vol. 8, No 4]. Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of the USSR: 669 - 687 (in Russian).","Santos Abreu D. E. 1929. Monografia de los dolichopodidos de las Islas Canarias. Memorias de la Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona. 3, 21 (17): 369 - 490.","Negrobov O. P., Maslova O. O., Selivanova O. V. 2016. New species of Hercostomus Loew, 1857 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Tajikistan. Caucasian Entomological Bulletin. 12 (1): 175 - 177 (in Russian). DOI: 10.23885 / 1814 - 3326 - 2016 - 12 - 1 - 175 - 177","Brooks S. E. 2005. Systematics and phylogeny of Dolichopodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Zootaxa. 857: 1 - 158. DOI: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 857.1.1","Negrobov O. P., Nechay N. A., Selivanova O. V., Maslova O. O. 2012. Key to the Palaearctic species of the genus Hercostomus Loew (Diptera, Dolichopodidae). Part 2. International Journal Dipterological Research. 23 (2): 83 - 88.","Negrobov O. P., Nechay N. A. 2009 b. New species of the genus Hercostomus Loew, 1857 (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) with key of the Palaearctic species of the IV group. Byulleten' Moskovskogo obshchestva ispytateley prirody. Otdel biologicheskiy. 114 (5): 84 - 87 (in Russian).","Yang D., Zhang L., Wang M., Zhu Y. 2011. Fauna Sinica. Insecta. Vol. 53. Dolichopodidae. Beijing: Science Press. 1912 p. (in Chinese)."]}

Hercostomus exarticulatus (Loew, 1857) (Figs 1–8) Gymnopternus exarticulatus Loew, 1857: 18. Hercostomus exarticulatus (Loew, 1857): Mik, 1880: 357. Becker, 1917: 215; Stackelberg, 1934: 142, figs 87–88; Parent, 1938: 165, figs 213–217; Negrobov, 1991: 85. Hercostomus (Gymnopternus) exarticulatus (Loew, 1857): Mik, 1884: 181. Hercostomus papillifer Mik, 1880: 353, figs 1–5 (synonymized by Mik, 1884: 181) (type locality: Austria, “bei Hütteldorf nächst Wien ”). Hercostomus tanjusilus Negrobov et Zurikov in Negrobov et al., 1988: 219, syn. n. (type locality: Georgia, Lagodekhi Reserve, 2000 m). Material. 1♂ (ZIN), Romania, “Herculesbad, 19.06.1871 ”, “716”, “ Hercostomus exarticulatus Lw., Kowarz det.”; 1♀ (ZIN), Italy, “Varena, 1876”, “718”, “ Hercostomus papillifer Mik, Kowarz det.”, “ Hercostomus exarticulatus Lw., det. Grichanov ”; 4♀ (ZIN), Abkhazia, “Gagra, 9.09.1937 (Filipiev)”, “ Hercostomus exarticulatus Lw., det. Stackelberg ”. Diagnosis. Fore coxa mainly blackish or brown; fore and/or hind femora largely blackish or brown, or only hind femur with brown strip along anterior side; hind tibia dark at apex; hind tibia with weakly sclerotized rounded dorsolateral apical projection bearing minute spike; outer hypandrial arm with thick L-shaped curvation projecting ventrally; inner hypandrial arm straight, with subapical dorsal tooth; cercus wholly brown. Notes. Loew [1857] did not mention ventral tubercle at base of mid femur in his description of Gymnopternus exarticulatus. Mik [1880] distinguished his Hercostomus papillifer from other then known species by that character in addition to the others. He mentioned also H. exarticulatus, but noted that the latter had much darker femora. Mik [1884] considered the two species as varieties of H. exarticulatus; one with darker legs known from the type locality (Triest) and Romania (Iron Gates near Herсulesbad (= Băile Herculane) and another variety with lighter legs known at that time from Austria and Northern Italy. Later the species was reported from many countries, from the Canary Islands and Morocco in the West to Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan in the East [Grichanov, 2017]. However, careful examination of the material published by Negrobov and Rodionova [2004] has revealed that females from Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan must be associated with H. exarticulatoides, including one female topotype. Females mentioned by the same authors from the Caucasus and Voronezh Region of Russia belong most probably to the true H. exarticulatus. This species was collected on the Canary Islands and redescribed by Santos Abreu [1929]. It was collected and mentioned there again by Frey [1936], who considered the Canarian species H. canariensis as a colour variety of H. exarticulatus. However, Santos Abreu clearly stated that his species has broad shining black tooth between male tibia and tarsus in contrast to small spine at the same place in H. exarticulatus. The latter species was insufficiently described and illustrated [Loew, 1857; Mik, 1880; Santos Abreu, 1929; Stackelberg, 1934; Parent, 1938]. Moreover, Mik [1884], Becker [1917], Stackelberg [1934] and Parent [1938] noted dark-legged and light-legged varieties. Therefore, we provide here photos of colour characters of a specimen from Romania (mentioned by Mik [1884]), suggesting that the old records from Morocco, Spain and France (e.g. [Vaillant, 1956]) can belong to either H. exarticulatus or H. canariensis. Hercostomus tanjusilus was described by single holotype collected from the southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus mountain range, which has historically been considered a natural barrier between Eastern Europe and Western Asia. Hercostomus tanjusilus description and schematic drawings of hypopygium correspond to the morphology of H. exarticulatus male collected from Romania. The only difference is the colour of coxae. They were described [Negrobov et al., 1988] as metallic green in H. tanjusilus (including fore coxa), but being blackish or black in H. exarticulatus. We consider this character as a colour variation and place the former name in synonymy to the latter name. Distribution. Type locality: Italy, Triest. Palaearctic: Morocco, Algeria, Spain (incl. Canary Isl.), France, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Austria, Italy, Hungary, Romania, Russia (Voronezh), Abkhazia, Georgia, Armenia. The species occurs also in the Republic of Adygea (Russia) (O.P. Negrobov, personal communication, 2019)., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya., Nourti, M. & Kettani, K., 2020, The Hercostomus exarticulatus species group in the Palaearctic Region (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), pp. 27-34 in Caucasian Entomological Bulletin (Caucas. entomol. bull.) (Caucas. entomol. bull.) 16 (1) on pages 28-31, DOI: 10.23885/181433262020161-2734, {"references":["Loew H. 1857. Neue Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Dipteren. Funfter Beitrag. Programme der Koniglichen Realschule zu Meseritz: 1 - 56.","Mik J. 1880. Besсhreibung neuer Dipteren, II. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich- Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien. 30 (Abh.): 353 - 358.","Becker Th. 1917. Dipterologische Studien. Dolichopodidae. A. Palaarktische Region. Erster Teil. Nova Acta Academia Ceasar Leopold Carolensis. 103: 203 - 315.","Stackelberg A. A. 1934. 29. Dolichopodidae, Unterfamilie Dolichopodinae. In: Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region. Lieferung 82. Stuttgart: Nagele u. Obermiller: 129 - 176.","Parent O. 1938. Faune de France. 35. Dipteres Dolichopodidae. Paris: Federation Francaise des Societes de Sciences Naturelles. 720 p.","Negrobov O. P. 1991. Family Dolichopodidae, In: Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 7. Dolichopodidae - Platypezidae. Budapest: Akademiai Kiado: 11 - 139.","Mik J. 1884. Dipterologische Bemerkungen. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich- Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien. 33 (1883): 181 - 192.","Negrobov O. P., Tsurikov M. N., Dzhavelidze I. G. 1988. Materials on the fauna of the family Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of the Lagodekhi nature reserve. In: Voprosy zashchity gornykh lesov. Vyp. 7 [Problems of Mountain Forest Protection. Iss. 7]. Tbilisi: Institute of Mountain Forestry: 213 - 223 (in Russian).","Santos Abreu D. E. 1929. Monografia de los dolichopodidos de las Islas Canarias. Memorias de la Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona. 3, 21 (17): 369 - 490.","Negrobov O. P., Rodionova S. Y. 2004. New data on fauna of subfamily Dolichopodinae (Dolichopodidae, Diptera) in Russia and neighbouring territories (genus Hercostomus Lw.). International Journal of Dipterological Research. 15 (3): 201 - 204.","Frey R. 1936. Die Dipterenfauna der Kanarischen Inseln und ihre Probleme. Commentationes biologicae, Helsingfors. 6 (1): 1 - 237.","Vaillant F. 1956. Recherches sur la faune madicole de France, de Corse et d'Afrique du Nord. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Serie A, Zoologie. 11: 1 - 258."]}

Hercostomus vodjanovi Negrobov, Maslova et Selivanova, 2016 Hercostomus vodjanovi Negrobov, Maslova, Selivanova, 2016: 175. Notes. The species has been recently described by single holotype collected from the southern slope of Gissar Range at about 20 km from the country capital Dushanbe. Hercostomus vodjanovi description and illustrations correspond to the morphology of H. exarticulatoides types examined. However, a small ventral tubercle at base of male mid femur was not found by authors [Negrobov et al., 2016], (O.P. Negrobov, personal communication, 2019). We think that this character has been overlooked, and the species is a possible synonym to H. exarticulatoides. Distribution. Type locality: Tajikistan, Gissar Range, historical nature park Shirkent. Palaearctic: Tajikistan., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya., Nourti, M. & Kettani, K., 2020, The Hercostomus exarticulatus species group in the Palaearctic Region (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), pp. 27-34 in Caucasian Entomological Bulletin (Caucas. entomol. bull.) (Caucas. entomol. bull.) 16 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.23885/181433262020161-2734, {"references":["Negrobov O. P., Maslova O. O., Selivanova O. V. 2016. New species of Hercostomus Loew, 1857 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Tajikistan. Caucasian Entomological Bulletin. 12 (1): 175 - 177 (in Russian). DOI: 10.23885 / 1814 - 3326 - 2016 - 12 - 1 - 175 - 177"]}

Genus Tenuopus Curran, 1924 Tenuopus Curran, 1924: 228. Type species: Saucropus univittatus Loew, 1858 [sensu Curran, misidentification] = Tenuopus erroneus Parent, 1934, by original designation., Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya., 2018, A new subfamily of Dolichopodidae (Diptera) for Tenuopus Curran, 1924 with description of new species from Tropical Africa, pp. 1-25 in Far Eastern Entomologist 365 on page 4, DOI: 10.25221/fee.365.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7164252

Key to World genera related to Udzungwomyia gen. n. 1. Mid and hind femora with distinct anterior preaрiсаl seta...................................................… 2 – Mid and hind femora bare of major anterior preapical seta................................................. 3 2. Acrostichal setae absent; lateral scutellars present, hairlike; distal section of wing vein M weakly curved, subparallel to R 4+5; male segments 6 and 7 bare, segment 7 reduced; segment 8 well developed, setose........................................................... Udzungwomyia gen. n. – Acrostichal setae present, biseriate; lateral scutellars absent; distal section of wing vein M arched anteriorly, distinctly converging with R 4+5; male segments 6 and 7 subequal in length, setose; segment 8 reduced, bare................................ Neomedetera Zhu, Yang et Grootaert 3. Acrostichal setae absent...................................................................................................... 4 – Acrostichal setae present, usually biseriate.......................................................................... 6 4. Lateral scutellar setae present as short hairs; wing length greater than 2.0 mm; hypopygium large, subrectangular, with lateral longitudinal striations, nearly symmetrical, with left basal foramen and well developed segment 7.......................................… Pharcoura Bickel – Lateral scutellar setae absent; wing length usually less than 1.5 mm; hypopygium various................................................................................................................................................. 5 5. R 2+3 ending in costa just beyond wing midlength; only one long notopleural seta present..........................................................................................…... Hurleyella Runyon et Robinson – R 2+3 ending in costa near wing two-thirds length; two notopleural setae present..................................................................................................................................… Babindella Bickel 6. R 4+5 and M 1+2 straight and parallel beyond dm-cu; hypopygium almost completely enclosed at abdominal apex, and with highly reduced appendages, with basoventral foramen................................................................................................................... Cryptopygiella Robinson – R 4+5 and M 1+2 weakly curving and convergent beyond dm-cu, subparallel at apex; hypopygium not enclosed by abdomen, and with well developed appendages, with strictly basal foramen.....................................................................................… Nikitella Grichanov, Published as part of Grichanov, I. Ya., 2018, A new genus and species of subfamily Medeterinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Tanzania, pp. 9-16 in Far Eastern Entomologist 350 on page 11, DOI: 10.25221/fee.350.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7164177