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5. Dendritic cell generation and CD4+CD25HIGHFOXP3+ Regulatory T cells in human head and neck carcinoma during Radio-chemotherapy

Author

Schuler PJ, Börger V, Bölke E, Habermehl D, Matuschek C, Wild CA, Greve J, Bas M, Schilling B, Bergmann C, Trellakis S, Budach W, Gauler T, Brandau S, Lang S, Whiteside TL, Sorg RV, and Hoffmann TK

Subjects
head and neck cancer, dendritic cell, vaccination, regulatory T cell, chemotherapy, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Regulatory T cells (Treg) and dendritic cells (DC) play an important role in tumor immunity and immune escape. However, their interplay and the effects of anti-cancer therapy on the human immune system are largely unknown. Methods For DC generation, CD14+ monocytes were enriched by immunomagnetic selection from peripheral blood of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients and differentiated into immature DC using GM-SCF and IL-4. DC maturation was induced by addition of TNFα. The frequency of CD4+CD25highF0XP3+ Treg in HNSCC patients was analyzed before and after radio-chemotherapy (RCT) by four-color flow cytometry. Results In HNSCC patients, the frequency of Treg (0.33 ± 0.06%) was significantly (p = 0.001) increased compared to healthy controls (0.11 ± 0.02%), whereas RCT had variable effects on the Treg frequency inducing its increase in some patients and decrease in others. After six days in culture, monocytes of all patients had differentiated into immature DC. However, DC maturation indicated by CD83 up-regulation (70.7 ± 5.5%) was successful only in a subgroup of patients and correlated well with lower frequencies of peripheral blood Treg in those patients. Conclusion The frequency of regulatory T cells is elevated in HNSCC patients and may be modulated by RCT. Monocyte-derived DC in HNSCC patients show a maturation deficiency ex vivo. Those preliminary data may have an impact on multimodality clinical trials integrating cellular immune modulation in patients with advanced HNSCC.

Published
2011
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6. In vitro chemosensitivity of head and neck cancer cell lines

Author

Schuler PJ, Trellakis S, Greve J, Bas M, Bergmann C, Bölke E, Lehnerdt G, Mattheis S, Albers AE, Brandau S, Lang S, Whiteside TL, Bier H, and Hoffmann TK

Subjects
Head and neck cancer, Chemotherapy, Chemosensitivity, Cell line, MTT, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Systemic treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) includes a variety of antineoplastic drugs. However, drug-resistance interferes with the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Preclinical testing models are needed in order to develop approaches to overcome chemoresistance. Methods Ten human cell lines were obtained from HNSCC, including one with experimentally-induced cisplatin resistance. Inhibition of cell growth by seven chemotherapeutic agents (cisplatin, carboplatin, 5- fluorouracil, methotrexate, bleomycin, vincristin, and paclitaxel) was measured using metabolic MTT-uptake assay and correlated to clinically-achievable plasma concentrations. Results All drugs inhibited cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 comparable to that achievable in vivo. However, response curves for methotrexate were unsatisfactory and for paclitaxel, the solubilizer cremophor EL was toxic. Cross-resistance was observed between cisplatin and carboplatin. Conclusion Chemosensitivity of HNSCC cell lines can be determined using the MTT-uptake assay. For DNA-interfering cytostatics and vinca alkaloids this is a simple and reproducible procedure. Determined in vitro chemosensitivity serves as a baseline for further experimental approaches aiming to modulate chemoresistance in HNSCC with potential clinical significance.

Published
2010
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11. PRECISION: the Belgian molecular profiling program of metastatic cancer for clinical decision and treatment assignment

Author

Thouvenin, J., Van Marcke, C., Decoster, L., Raicevic, G., Punie, K., Vandenbulcke, M., Salgado, R., Van Valckenborgh, E., Maes, B., Joris, S., Steichel, D. Vander, Vranken, K., Jacobs, S., Dedeurwaerdere, F., Martens, G., Devos, H., Duhoux, F.P., Rasschaert, M., Pauwels, P., Geboes, K., Collignon, J., Tejpar, S., Canon, J.-L., Peeters, M., Rutten, A., Van de Mooter, T., Vermeij, J., Schrijvers, D., Demey, W., Lybaert, W., Van Huysse, J., Mebis, J., Awada, A., Claes, K.B.M., Hebrant, A., Van der Meulen, J., Delafontaine, B., Bempt, I. Vanden, Maetens, J., de Hemptinne, M., Rottey, S., Aftimos, P., and De Grève, J.

Published
2022
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13. Final results from the PERUSE study of first-line pertuzumab plus trastuzumab plus a taxane for HER2-positive locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer, with a multivariable approach to guide prognostication

Author

Bachelot, T., Bouzid, K., Campone, M., Desmoulins, I., Coudert, B., Bondarenko, I., Nowecki, Z., Glogowska, I., Ciruelos Gil, E., Errihani, H., Dalenc, F., Ricci, F., Dieras, V., Kaufman, B., Paluch-Shimon, S., Wardley, A., Schneeweiss, A., Ferreira, A., Mano, M., Kalofonos, H., Andreetta, C., Puglisi, F., Montemurro, F., Barrett, S., Zhang, Q., Mavroudis, D., Matus, J., Villarreal Garza, C., Beato, C., Ismael, G., Hu, X., Abdel Azeem, H., Gaafar, R., Perrin, C., Kerbrat, P., Ettl, J., Paepke, S., Hitre, E., Lang, I., Trudeau, M., Verma, S., Li, H., Hoffmann, O., Aktas, B., Cariello, A., Cruciani, G., Tienghi, A., Tondini, C., Al-Twegieri, T., Loman, N., Laing, R., Miles, D., Brain, E., Fasching, P., Lux, M., Frassoldati, A., Aziz, Z., Salas, J., Streb, J., Krzemieniecki, K., Wronski, A., Garcia Garcia, J., Menjon Beltran, S., Cicin, I., Schmid, P., Gallagher, C., Turner, N., Tong, Z., Boer, K., Juhász, B., Horvath, Z., Bianchini, G., Gianni, L., Curigliano, G., Juarez Ramiro, A., Susnjar, S., Matos, E., Sevillano, E., Garcia Estevez, L., Gokmen, E., Uslu, R., Wildiers, H., Schutz, F., Cruz, M., Bourgeois, H., von Schumann, R., Stemmer, S., Dominguez, A., Morales-Vásques, F., Wojtukiewicz, M., Trifunovic, J., Echarri Gonzalez, M.J., Illarramendi Mañas, J., Martinez De Dueñas, E., Voitko, N., Hicks, J., Waters, S., Barrett-Lee, P., Wheatley, D., De Boer, R., Cocquyt, V., Jerusalem, G., Barrios, C., Panasci, L., Mattson, J., Tanner, M., Gozy, M., Vasilopoulos, G., Papandreou, C., Revesz, J., Battelli, N., Benedetti, G., Latini, L., Gridelli, C., Lazaro Leon, J., Alarcón Company, J., Arance Fernandez, A., Barnadas Molins, A., Calvo Plaza, I., Bratos, R., Gonzalez Martin, A., Izarzugaza Peron, Y., Klint, L., Kovalev, A., McCarthy, N., Yeo, B., Kee, D., Thomson, J., White, S., Greil, R., Wang, S., Artignan, X., Juhasz-Böess, I., Rody, A., Ngan, R., Dourleshter, F., Goldberg, H., Doni, L., Di Costanzo, F., Ferraù, F., Drobniene, M., Aleknavicius, E., Rashid, K., Costa, L., de la Cruz Merino, L., Garcia Saenz, J., López, R., Del Val Munoz, O., Ozyilkan, O., Azribi, F., Jaafar, H., Baird, R., Verrill, M., Beith, J., Petzer, A., Moreira de Andrade, J., Bernstein, V., Macpherson, N., Rayson, D., Saad Eldin, I., Achille, M., Augereau, P., Müller, V., Rasco, A., Evron, E., Katz, D., Berardi, R., Cascinu, S., De Censi, A., Gennari, A., El-Saghir, N., Ghosn, M., Oosterkamp, H.M., Van den Bosch, J., Kukulska, M., Kalinka, E., Alonso, J., Dalmau Portulas, E., Del Mar Gordon Santiago, M., Pelaez Fernandez, I., Aksoy, S., Altundag, K., Senol Coskun, H., Bozcuk, H., Shparyk, Y., Barraclough, L., Levitt, N., Panwar, U., Kelly, S., Rigg, A., Varughese, M., Castillo, C., Fein, L., Malik, L., Stuart-Harris, R., Singer, C., Stoeger, H., Samonigg, H., Feng, J., Cedeño, M., Ruohola, J., Berdah, J.-F., Goncalves, A., Orfeuvre, H., Grischke, E.-M., Simon, E., Wagner, S., Koumakis, G., Papazisis, K., Ben Baruch, N., Fried, G., Geffen, D., Karminsky, N., Peretz, T., Cavanna, L., Pedrazzioli, P., Grasso, D., Ruggeri, E., D’Auria, G., Moscetti, L., Juozaityte, E., Rodriguez Cid, J., Roerdink, H., Siddiqi, N., Passos Coelho, J., Arcediano Del Amo, A., Garcia Garre, E., García Gonzalez, M., Garcia-Palomo Perez, A., Herenandez Perez, C., Lopez Alvarez, P., Lopez De Ceballos, M.H., Martínez Jañez, N., Mele Olive, M., McAdam, K., Perren, T., Dunn, G., Humphreys, A., Taylor, W., Vera, R., Kaen, L., Andel, J., Steger, G., De Grève, J., Huizing, M., Hegg, R., Joy, A., Kuruvilla, P., Sehdev, S., Smiljanic, S., Kütner, R., Alexandre, J., Grosjean, J., Laplaige, P., Largillier, R., Maes, P., Martin, P., Pottier, V., Christensen, B., Khandan, F., Lück, H.-J., Zahm, D.-M., Fountzilas, G., Karavasilis, V., Safra, T., Inbar, M., Ryvo, L., Bonetti, A., Seles, E., Giacobino, A., Chavarri Guerra, Y., de Jongh, F., van der Velden, A., van Warmerdam, L., Vrijaldenhoven, S., Smorenburg, C.H., Cavero, M., Andres Conejero, R., Oltra Ferrando, A., Redondo Sanchez, A., Ribelles Entrena, N., Saura Grau, S., Viñas Vilaro, G., Bachmeier, K., Beresford, M., Butt, M., Joffe, J., Poole, C., Woodings, P., Chakraborti, P., Yordi, G., Woodward, N., Nobre, A., Luiz Amorim, G., Califaretti, N., Fox, S., Robidoux, A., Li, E., Li, N., Jiang, J., Soria, T., Padrik, P., Lahdenpera, O., Barletta, H., Dohollou, N., Genet, D., Prulhiere, K., Coeffic, D., Facchini, T., Vieillot, S., Catala, S., Teixeira, L., Hesse, T., Kühn, T., Ober, A., Repp, R., Schröder, W., Pectasides, D., Bodoky, G., Kahan, Z., Jiveliouk, I., Rosengarten, O., Rossi, V., Alabiso, O., Pérez Martínez, M., van de Wouw, A.J., Smok-Kalwat, J., Damasecno, M., Augusto, I., Sousa, G., Saadein, A., Abdelhafiez, N., Abulkhair, O., Antón Torres, A., Corbellas Aparicio, M., Llorente Domenech, R., Florián Jerico, J., Garcia Mata, J., Gil Raga, M., Galan Brotons, A., Llombart Cussac, A., Llorca Ferrandiz, C., Martinez Del Prado, P., Olier Garate, C., Rodriguez Sanchez, C., Sanchez Gomez, R., Santisteban Eslava, M., Soberino, J., Vidal Losada Garcia, M., Soto de Prado, D., Torrego Garcia, J., Vicente Rubio, E., Garcia, M., Murias Rosales, A., Granstam Björneklett, H., Narbe, U., Jafri, M., Rea, D., Newby, J., Jones, A., Westwell, S., Ring, A., Alonso, I., Rodríguez, R., Ciruelos, E., Peretz-Yablonski, T., Merot, J.-L., Trask, P., du Toit, Y., Pena-Murillo, C., Revelant, V., and Klingbiel, D.

Published
2021
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16. Accretion disks in Algols: progenitors and evolution

Author

Van Rensbergen, W. and De Greve, J. P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

There are only a few Algols with measured accretion disk parameters. These measurements provide additional constraints for tracing the origin of individual systems, narrowing down the initial parameter space. We investigate the origin and evolution of 6 Algol systems with accretion disks to find the initial parameters and evolutionary constraints for them. With a modified binary evolution code, series of close binary evolution are calculated to obtain the best match for observed individual systems. Initial parameters for 6 Algol systems with accretion disks were determined matching both the present system parameters and the observed disk characteristics. When RLOF starts during core hydrogen burning of the donor, the disk lifetime was found to be short. The disk luminosity is comparable to the luminosity of the gainer during a large fraction of the disk lifetime., Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures , accepted by A&A

Published
2016
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17. Optimizing Hospital Performance Evaluation in Total Weight Loss Outcomes After Bariatric Surgery: A Retrospective Analysis to Guide Further Improvement in Dutch Hospitals.

Author

Bruinsma, Floris F. E., Liem, Ronald S. L., Nienhuijs, Simon W., Greve, Jan Willem M., de Mheen, Perla J. Marang-van, van Acker, G. J. D., Apers, J., Bruin, S. C., de Castro, S. M. M., Damen, S. L., Faneyte, I. F., Greve, J. W. M., van 't Hof, G., Jonker, F. H. W., Klaassen, R. A., Lagae, E. A. G. L., Langenhoff, B. S., Liem, R. S. L., Luijten, A. A. P. M., and Nienhuijs, S. W.

Abstract

Introduction: Bariatric surgery aims for optimal patient outcomes, often evaluated through the percentage total weight loss (%TWL). Quality registries employ funnel plots for outcome comparisons between hospitals. However, funnel plots are traditionally used for dichotomous outcomes, requiring %TWL to be dichotomized, potentially limiting feedback quality. This study evaluates whether a funnel plot around the median %TWL has better discriminatory performance than binary funnel plots for achieving at least 20% and 25% TWL. Methods: All hospitals performing bariatric surgery were included from the Dutch Audit for Treatment of Obesity. A funnel plot around the median was constructed using 5-year %TWL data. Hospitals positioned above the 95% control limit were colored green and those below red. The same hospitals were plotted in the binary funnel plots for 20% and 25% TWL and colored according to their performance in the funnel plot around the median. We explored the hospital's procedural mix in relation to %TWL performance as possible explanatory factors. Results: The median-based funnel plot identified four underperforming and four outperforming hospitals, while only one underperforming and no outperforming hospitals were found with the binary funnel plot for 20% TWL. The 25% TWL binary funnel plot identified two underperforming and three outperforming hospitals. The proportion of sleeve gastrectomies performed per hospital may explain part of these results as it was negatively associated with median %TWL (β = − 0.09, 95% confidence interval [− 0.13 to − 0.04]). Conclusion: The funnel plot around the median discriminated better between hospitals with significantly worse and better performance than funnel plots for dichotomized %TWL outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. META Score: An International Consensus Scoring System on Mesh-Tissue Adhesions

Author

van den Hil, L. C. L., Mommers, E. H. H., Bosmans, J. W. A. M., Morales-Conde, S., Gómez-Gil, V., LeBlanc, K., Vanlander, A., Reynvoet, E., Berrevoet, F., Gruber-Blum, S., Altinli, E., Deeken, C. R., Fortelny, R. H., Greve, J. W., Chiers, K., Kaufmann, R., Lange, J. F., Klinge, U., Miserez, M., Petter-Puchner, A. H., Schreinemacher, M. H. F., and Bouvy, N. D.

Published
2020
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20. No unique quadratic ephemeris for VW Cep

Author

Van Rensbergen, W., De Greve, J. P., and Mennekens, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

From the eclipsing binary VW Cep, 1963 epochs of primary and secondary minima have been registered since 1926. Because VW Cep is a shallow contact binary the direction of the flow from one component to the other could possibly be reversed. We aim to fit the observed eclipses into a scenario in which reversals may occur. Orbital period changes can not be fitted into a unique quadratic ephemeris, because of discontinuities in the (O-C) vs E graph. We try to obtain better agreement through the allowance of RLOF reversal in this binary system. From 1926 until 1943 the orbital period increase fits into a model of mass transfer from the less massive component. From 1946 on the direction of the mass transfer changed so that the most massive component became the donor star, as shown by a systematic period decrease. A sudden period increase in 1999 introduces a currently underway episode of mass transfer from the less massive component. The ephemeris of VW Cep can be fitted into a model in which the direction of the mass transfer was reversed twice since 1926., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to A&A

Published
2013

24. The effect of intermediate mass close binaries on the chemical evolution of Globular Clusters II

Author

Mennekens, N., Vanbeveren, D., and De Greve, J. P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The chemical processes during the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) evolution of intermediate mass single stars predict most of the observations of the different populations in Globular Clusters although some important issues still need to be further clarified. In particular, to reproduce the observed anticorrelations of Na-O and Al-Mg, chemically enriched gas lost during the AGB phase of intermediate mass single stars must be mixed with matter with a pristine chemical composition. The source of this matter is still a matter of debate. Furthermore, observations reveal that a significant fraction of the intermediate mass and massive stars are born as components of close binaries. We will investigate the effects of binaries on the chemical evolution of Globular Clusters and on the origin of matter with a pristine chemical composition that is needed for the single star AGB scenario to work. We use a population synthesis code that accounts for binary physics in order to estimate the amount and the composition of the matter returned to the interstellar medium of a population of binaries. We demonstrate that the mass lost by a significant population of intermediate mass close binaries in combination with the single star AGB pollution scenario may help to explain the chemical properties of the different populations of stars in Globular Clusters., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in proceedings of "Reading the book of globular clusters with the lens of stellar evolution"

Published
2013

25. Progenitors of type Ia supernovae and the metallicity distribution of G-type dwarfs

Author

Mennekens, N., Vanbeveren, D., and De Greve, J. P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We investigate the contribution to the formation of type Ia supernovae of the single (a white dwarf accreting from a non-degenerate companion) and double (two merging white dwarfs) degenerate scenario, as well as various aspects of the binary evolution process leading to such a progenitor system. We aim to get a better insight into uncertainties and parameter spaces by means of a combined modelization, resulting in a reduction of the number of possible model approaches. This exclusion of parts of the parameter space is, as will be shown, often independent of uncertainties in the modelization. We use the combination of a population synthesis code with detailed binary evolution and a galactic chemical evolution model to predict the metallicity distribution of G-type dwarfs in the solar neighborhood. Because of the very long lifetime of these stars, this distribution is a good indicator of the entire chemical history of a region. By comparing the observed distribution with those predicted by assuming different type Ia supernova progenitors and evolutionary parameters (e.g. concerning mass and angular momentum loss and common envelope evolution), it is possible to constrain the possible combinations of assumptions. We find that in order to reproduce the observed G-dwarf metallicity distribution, it is absolutely necessary to include both the single and double degenerate scenario. The best match is obtained when all merging C-O white dwarfs contribute to the latter. The correspondence is also critically dependent on the assumptions about galaxy and star formation, e.g. the use of the two-infall model vs. a constant star formation rate. However, this does not affect the previous conclusion, which is consistent with the results obtained by investigating type Ia supernova delay time distributions in starburst galaxies., Comment: 27 pages, 13 figures, new version incorporating comments, as published in Chapter 5 of the book "Binary star population synthesis within a galactic framework" (VUBPRESS Brussels University Press, ISBN 978 90 5718 056 9)

Published
2012

27. Two distributions shedding light on supernova Ia progenitors: delay times and G-dwarf metallicities

Author

Mennekens, N., Vanbeveren, D., De Greve, J. P., and De Donder, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Using a population number synthesis code with detailed binary evolution, we calculate the distribution of the number of type Ia supernovae as a function of time after starburst. This is done for both main progenitor scenarios (single degenerate and double degenerate), but also with various evolutionary assumptions (such as mass transfer efficiency, angular momentum loss, and common envelope description). The comparison of these theoretically predicted delay time distributions with observations in elliptical galaxies then allows to constrain the evolutionary scenarios and parameters. From the morphological shape of the distributions, we conclude that all supernovae Ia cannot be produced through the single degenerate scenario alone, with the best match being obtained when both scenarios contribute. Within the double degenerate scenario, most systems go through a phase of quasi-conservative, stable Roche lobe overflow. We propose stellar rotation as a possible solution for the underestimation of the observed absolute number of events, as is the case in many theoretical population synthesis studies. A brief comparison with these other studies is made, showing good correspondence under the nontrivial condition of equivalent assumptions. We also investigate the influence of different supernova Ia progenitors and evolutionary parameters on the theoretical distribution of the iron abundance of G-type dwarfs in the Galactic disk. These stars are good indicators of the entire chemical history of the Galaxy, and their predicted metallicity distribution can also be compared to the observational ones. This again limits the number of acceptable combinations of assumptions. Supporting previous results, the best correspondence is found in the case where both the single and double degenerate scenario contribute., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in proceedings of "IAUS 281: Binary Paths to Type Ia Supernovae Explosions"

Published
2012
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28. The effect of intermediate mass close binaries on the chemical evolution of Globular Clusters

Author

Vanbeveren, D., Mennekens, N., and De Greve, J. P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Context. The chemical processes during the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) evolution of intermediate mass single stars predict most of the observations of the different populations in globular clusters although some important issues still need to be further clarified. In particular, to reproduce the observed anticorrelations of Na-O and Al-Mg, chemically enriched gas lost during the AGB phase of intermediate mass single stars must be mixed with matter with a pristine chemical composition. The source of this matter is still a matter of debate. Furthermore, observations reveal that a significant fraction of the intermediate mass and massive stars are born as components of close binaries. Aims. We will investigate the effects of binaries on the chemical evolution of Globular Clusters and on the origin of matter with a pristine chemical composition that is needed for the single star AGB scenario to work Methods. We use a population synthesis code that accounts for binary physics in order to estimate the amount and the composition of the matter returned to the interstellar medium of a population of binaries. Results. We demonstrate in the present paper that the mass lost by a significant population of intermediate mass close binaries in combination with the single star AGB pollution scenario may help to explain the chemical properties of the different populations of stars in Globular Clusters., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures. Paper accepted for Astron. & Astrophys

Published
2011
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30. Delay time distribution of type Ia supernovae: theory vs. observation

Author

Mennekens, N., Vanbeveren, D., De Greve, J. P., and De Donder, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Two formation scenarios are investigated for type Ia supernovae in elliptical galaxies: the single degenerate scenario (a white dwarf reaching the Chandrasekhar limit through accretion of matter transferred from its companion star in a binary) and the double degenerate scenario (the inspiraling and merging of two white dwarfs in a binary as a result of the emission of gravitational wave radiation). A population number synthesis code is used, which includes the latest physical results in binary evolution and allows to differentiate between certain physical scenarios (such as the description of common envelope evolution) and evolutionary parameters (such as the mass transfer efficiency during Roche lobe overflow). The thus obtained theoretical distributions of type Ia supernova delay times are compared to those that are observed, both in morphological shape and absolute number of events. The critical influence of certain parameters on these distributions is used to constrain their values. The single degenerate scenario alone is found to be unable in reproducing the morphological shape of the observational delay time distribution, while use of the double degenerate one (or a combination of both) does result in fair agreement. Most double degenerate type Ia supernovae are formed through a normal, quasi-conservative Roche lobe overflow followed by a common envelope phase, not through two successive common envelope phases as is often assumed. This may cast doubt on the determination of delay times by using analytical formalisms, as is sometimes done in other studies. The theoretical absolute number of events in old elliptical galaxies lies a factor of at least three below the rates that are observed. While this may simply be the result of observational uncertainties, a better treatment of the effects of rotation on stellar structure could mitigate the discrepancy., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in proceedings of "Binary Star Evolution: Mass Loss, Accretion, and Mergers"

Published
2010
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31. Mass loss out of close binaries. II

Author

Van Rensbergen, W., De Greve, J. P., Mennekens, N., Jansen, K., and De Loore, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Liberal evolution of interacting binaries has been proposed previously by several authors in order to meet various observed binary characteristics better than conservative evolution does. Since Algols are eclipsing binaries the distribution of their orbital periods is precisely known. The distribution of their mass ratios contains however more uncertainties. We try to reproduce these two distributions theoretically using a liberal scenario in which the gainer star can lose mass into interstellar space as a consequence of its rapid rotation and the energy of a hot spot. In a recent paper (Van Rensbergen et al. 2010, A&A) we calculated the liberal evolution of binaries with a B-type primary at birth where mass transfer starts during core hydrogen burning of the donor. In this paper we include the cases where mass transfer starts during hydrogen shell burning and it is our aim to reproduce the observed distributions of the system parameters of Algol-type semi-detached systems. Our calculations reveal the amount of time that an Algol binary lives with a well defined value of mass ratio and orbital period. We use these data to simulate the distribution of mass ratios and orbital periods of Algols. Binaries with a late B-type initial primary hardly lose any mass whereas those with an early B primary evolve in a non-conservative way. Conservative binary evolution predicts only ~ 12 % of Algols with a mass ratio q above 0.4. This value is raised up to ~ 17 % using our scenario of liberal evolution, which is still far below the ~ 45 % that is observed. Observed orbital periods of Algol binaries larger than one day are faithfully reproduced by our liberal scenario. Mass ratios are reproduced better than with conservative evolution, but the resemblance is still poor., Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A; accepted version

Published
2010
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32. The delay time distribution of type Ia supernovae: a comparison between theory and observation

Author

Mennekens, N., Vanbeveren, D., De Greve, J. P., and De Donder, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We investigate the contribution of different formation scenarios for type Ia supernovae in elliptical galaxies. The single degenerate scenario (a white dwarf accreting from a late main sequence or red giant companion) is tested against the double degenerate scenario (the spiral-in and merging of two white dwarfs through the emission of gravitational wave radiation). We use a population number synthesis code incorporating the latest physical results in binary evolution, and allowing to differentiate between certain physical scenarios (e.g. description of common envelope evolution) and evolutionary parameters (e.g. mass transfer efficiency during Roche lobe overflow). The obtained theoretical distributions of the delay times of type Ia supernovae are compared to those which are observed, both in morphological shape and absolute number of events. The critical dependency of these distributions on certain parameters is used to constrain the values of the latter. We find that the single degenerate scenario alone cannot explain the morphological shape of the observational delay time distribution, while the double degenerate scenario (or a combination of both) can. Most of these double degenerate type Ia supernovae are created through a normal quasi-conservative Roche lobe overflow followed by a common envelope phase, not through two successive common envelope phases. This may cast doubt on the use in other studies of analytical formalisms to determine delay times. In terms of absolute number, theoretical supernova Ia rates in old elliptical galaxies lie a factor of at least three below the observed ones. We propose a solution involving the effect of rotation on the evolution of intermediate mass binaries., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2010
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33. Mass loss out of close binaries

Author

Van Rensbergen, W., De Greve, J. P., Mennekens, N., Jansen, K., and De Loore, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

In a liberal evolutionary scenario, mass can escape from a binary during eras of fast mass transfer. We calculate the mass lost by binaries with a B-type primary at birth where mass transfer starts during hydrogen core burning of the donor. We simulate the distribution of mass-ratios and orbital periods for those interacting binaries. The amount of time the binary shows Algol characteristics within different values of mass-ratio and orbital period has been fixed from conservative and liberal evolutionary calculations. We use these data to simulate the distribution of mass-ratios and orbital periods of Algols with the conservative as well as the liberal model. We compare mass-ratios and orbital periods of Algols obtained by conservative evolution with those obtained by our liberal model. Since binaries with a late B-type primary evolve almost conservatively, the overall distribution of mass-ratios will only yield a few Algols more with high mass-ratios than conservative calculations do. Whereas the simulated distribution of orbital periods of Algols fits the observations well, the simulated distribution of mass-ratios produces always too few systems with large values., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A; accepted version

Published
2009
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36. Spin-up and hot spots can drive mass out of a binary

Author

Van Rensbergen, W., De Greve, J. P., De Loore, C., and Mennekens, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The observed distribution of periods and mass ratios of Algols with a B type primary at birth was updated. Conservative evolution fails to produce the large fraction with a high mass ratio: i.e. q in [0.4-0.6]. Interacting binaries thus have to lose mass before or during Algolism. During RLOF mass is transferred continuously from donor to gainer. The gainer spins up; sometimes up to critical velocity. Equatorial material on the gainer is therefore less bound to the system. The material coming from the donor through the first Langrangian point impinges violently on the surface of the gainer or the edge of the accretion disc, creating a hot spot in the area of impact. The sum of rotational energy (fast rotation) and radiative energy (hot spot) depends on the mass-loss rate. The sum of both energies on a test mass located in the impact area equals exactly its binding energy at some critical value. As long as the mass transfer rate is smaller than this value the gainer accepts all the mass coming from the donor: RLOF happens conservatively. But as soon as the critical rate is exceeded the gainer will acquire no more than the critical value and RLOF runs into its liberal era. Low mass binaries never achieve mass-loss rates larger than the critical value. Intermediate mass binaries evolve mainly conservatively but mass will be blown away from the system during the short era of rapid mass transfer soon after RLOF-ignition. Binaries with 9+5.4 solar masses (P in [2-4] d) evolve almost always conservatively. Only during some 20,000 years the gainer is not capable of grasping all the material that comes from the donor. During this short lapse of time a significant fraction of the mass of the system is blown into interstellar space. The mass ratio bin [0.4-0.6] is now much better represented., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A; accepted version

Published
2008
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37. On the origin and evolutionary state of RZ Cas, KO Aql and S Equ

Author

Mennekens, N., De Greve, J. -P., Van Rensbergen, W., and Yungelson, L. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Aims. Determination of the present evolutionary state and the restrictions on the initial mass ratios of RZ Cas, KO Aql and S Equ. Methods. Comparison of mass gaining stars with evolutionary models of single stars with the same mass and subsequent comparison with accretion tracks from simultaneous conservative binary evolution. Results. The gainers are in an early main sequence stage (Xc greater than 0.5), with KO Aql being almost unevolved (assuming quasi-thermal equilibrium). The initial donor/gainer mass ratios Mdi/Mgi must be larger than three to obtain the present mass and luminosity of the gainers., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in A&A; accepted version

Published
2008
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38. Vervoer

Author

Ramsay, G., Greve, J. W. M., Bruining, H.A., editor, Lauwers, P., editor, and Thijs, L.G., editor

Published
2017
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45. BTK Isoforms p80 and p65 Are Expressed in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) and Involved in Tumor Progression

Author

Betzler, A, Strobel, H, Abou Kors, T, Ezić, J, Lesakova, K, Pscheid, R, Azoitei, N, Sporleder, J, Staufenberg, A, Drees, R, Weissinger, S, Greve, J, Doescher, J, Theodoraki, M, Schuler, P, Laban, S, Kibe, T, Kishida, M, Kishida, S, Idel, C, Hoffmann, T, Lavitrano, M, Grassilli, E, Brunner, C, Betzler, Annika C, Strobel, Hannah, Abou Kors, Tsima, Ezić, Jasmin, Lesakova, Kristina, Pscheid, Ronja, Azoitei, Ninel, Sporleder, Johanna, Staufenberg, Anna-Rebekka, Drees, Robert, Weissinger, Stephanie E, Greve, Jens, Doescher, Johannes, Theodoraki, Marie-Nicole, Schuler, Patrick J, Laban, Simon, Kibe, Toshiro, Kishida, Michiko, Kishida, Shosei, Idel, Christian, Hoffmann, Thomas K, Lavitrano, Marialuisa, Grassilli, Emanuela, Brunner, Cornelia, Betzler, A, Strobel, H, Abou Kors, T, Ezić, J, Lesakova, K, Pscheid, R, Azoitei, N, Sporleder, J, Staufenberg, A, Drees, R, Weissinger, S, Greve, J, Doescher, J, Theodoraki, M, Schuler, P, Laban, S, Kibe, T, Kishida, M, Kishida, S, Idel, C, Hoffmann, T, Lavitrano, M, Grassilli, E, Brunner, C, Betzler, Annika C, Strobel, Hannah, Abou Kors, Tsima, Ezić, Jasmin, Lesakova, Kristina, Pscheid, Ronja, Azoitei, Ninel, Sporleder, Johanna, Staufenberg, Anna-Rebekka, Drees, Robert, Weissinger, Stephanie E, Greve, Jens, Doescher, Johannes, Theodoraki, Marie-Nicole, Schuler, Patrick J, Laban, Simon, Kibe, Toshiro, Kishida, Michiko, Kishida, Shosei, Idel, Christian, Hoffmann, Thomas K, Lavitrano, Marialuisa, Grassilli, Emanuela, and Brunner, Cornelia

Abstract

Here, we describe the expression of Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines as well as in primary HNSCC samples. BTK is a kinase initially thought to be expressed exclusively in cells of hematopoietic origin. Apart from the 77 kDa BTK isoform expressed in immune cells, particularly in B cells, we identified the 80 kDa and 65 kDa BTK isoforms in HNSCC, recently described as oncogenic. Importantly, we revealed that both isoforms are products of the same mRNA. By investigating the mechanism regulating oncogenic BTK-p80/p65 expression in HNSSC versus healthy or benign tissues, our data suggests that the epigenetic process of methylation might be responsible for the initiation of BTK-p80/p65 expression in HNSCC. Our findings demonstrate that chemical or genetic abrogation of BTK activity leads to inhibition of tumor progression in terms of proliferation and vascularization in vitro and in vivo. These observations were associated with cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis and autophagy. Together, these data indicate BTK-p80 and BTK-p65 as novel HNSCC-associated oncogenes. Owing to the fact that abundant BTK expression is a characteristic feature of primary and metastatic HNSCC, targeting BTK activity appears as a promising therapeutic option for HNSCC patients.

Published
2023

47. FloodRisk – Postmining, mine water rebound, microseismicity, and ground movements

Author

Quandt, D., primary, Rische, M., additional, Niederhuber, T., additional, Allgaier, F., additional, Even, M., additional, Ukelis, O., additional, Greve, J., additional, Alber, M., additional, Busch, B., additional, Czerwonka-Schröder, D., additional, Fischer, K., additional, Friederich, W., additional, Knaak, M., additional, Müller, B., additional, Müller, L., additional, Rettenmaier, D., additional, Röckel, T., additional, Schilling, F., additional, Westerhaus, M., additional, Zorn, R., additional, and Hilgers, C., additional

Published
2023
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50. Global wealth disparities drive adherence to COVID-safe pathways in head and neck cancer surgery

Author

Schache, Andrew G, Shaw, Richard, Ho, Michael Wing Sung, Winter, Stuart C, Glasbey, James, Ganly, Ian, Batstone, Martin, Biel, Juan Rey, Nankivell, Paul C, Simon, Christian, Omar, Omar, Simoes, Joana F F, Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Bhangu, Aneel, Pinkney, Tom, McGill, Laura, Perry, Rita, Hughes, Terry, Jackson, Richard, Siaw-Acheampong, Kwabena, Benson, Ruth A, Bywater, Edward, Chaudhry, Daoud, Dawson, Brett E, Evans, Jonathan P, Glasbey, James C, Gujjuri, Rohan R, Heritage, Emily, Jones, Conor S, Kamarajah, Sivesh K, Khatri, Chetan, Khaw, Rachel A, Keatley, James M, Knight, Andrew, Lawday, Samuel, Li, Elizabeth, Mann, Harvinder S, Marson, Ella J, McLean, Kenneth A, Mckay, Siobhan C, Mills, Emily C, Pellino, Gianluca, Picciochi, Maria, Taylor, Elliott H, Tiwari, Abhinav, Trout, Isobel M, Venn, Mary L, Wilkin, Richard J W, Ho, Michael W S, Nankivell, Paul, Abbott, Tom E F, Adamina, Michel, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O, Agarwal, Arnav, Alameer, Ehab, Alderson, Derek, Alakaloko, Felix, Albertsmeiers, Markus, Alser, Osaid, Alshaar, Muhammad, Alshryda, Sattar, Arnaud, Alexis P, Augestad, Knut Magne, Ayasra, Faris, Azevedo, José, Bankhead-Kendall, Brittany K, Barlow, Emma, Blanco-Colino, Ruth, Brar, Amanpreet, Minaya-Bravo, Ana, Breen, Kerry A, Bretherton, Chris, Buarque, Igor Lima, Burke, Joshua, Caruana, Edward J, Chaar, Mohammad, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Christensen, Peter, Cox, Daniel, Cukier, Moises, Cunha, Miguel F, Davidson, Giana H, Desai, Anant, Saverio, Salomone Di, Drake, Thomas M, Edwards, John G, Elhadi, Muhammed, Emile, Sameh, Farik, Shebani, Fiore, Marco, Edward Fitzgerald, J, Ford, Samuel, Garmanova, Tatiana, Gallo, Gaetano, Ghosh, Dhruv, Gomes, Gustavo Mendonça Ataíde, Grecinos, Gustavo, Griffiths, Ewen A, Gründl, Madalegna, Halkias, Constantine, Harrison, Ewen M, Hisham, Intisar, Hutchinson, Peter J, Hwang, Shelley, Isik, Arda, Jenkinson, Michael D, Jonker, Pascal, Kaafarani, Haytham M A, Kolias, Angelos, Kruijff, Schelto, Lawani, Ismail, Lederhuber, Hans, Leventoglu, Sezai, Litvin, Andrey, Loehrer, Andrew, Löffler, Markus W, Lorena, Maria Aguilera, Madolo, Maria Marta, Major, Piotr, Martin, Janet, Mashbari, Hassan N, Mazingi, Dennis, Metallidis, Symeon, Mohan, Helen M, Moore, Rachel, Moszkowicz, David, Moug, Susan, Ng-Kamstra, Joshua S, Maimbo, Mayaba, Niquen, Milagros, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Olivos, Maricarmen, Oussama, Kacimi, Outani, Oumaima, Parreno-Sacdalanm, Marie Dione, Pata, Francesco, Rivera, Carlos Jose Perez, Pinkney, Thomas D, van der Plas, Willemijn, Pockney, Peter, Qureshi, Ahmad, Radenkovic, Dejan, Medina, Antonio Ramos-De la, Roberts, Keith, Roslani, April C, Rutegård, Martin, Santos, Irène, Satoi, Sohei, Sayyed, Raza, Schache, Andrew, Schnitzbauer, Andreas A, Seyi-Olajide, Justina O, Sharma, Neil, Shu, Sebastian, Soreide, Kjetil, Spinelli, Antonino, Stewart, Grant D, Sund, Malin, Sundar, Sudha, Tabiri, Stephen, Townend, Philip, Tsoulfas, Georgios, van Ramshorst, Gabrielle H, Vidya, Raghavan, Vimalachandran, Dale, Warren, Oliver J, Wedderburn, Duane, Wright, Naomi, Boccalatte, L A, Batstone, M, Hodge, R, Abeloos, J, De Backer, T, De Ceulaer, J, Dick, C, Diez-Fraile, A, Lamoral, P, Spaas, C, Schrijvers, D L A L, Willemse, E B M, Faris, C, Maariën, S, Van Haesendonck, G, Van Laer, C, Deron, P, Abdallah, E A, Carvalho, G B, Kowalski, L, Vartanian, J, Gatti, A P, Nardi, C N, Oliva, R N L, Salem, M C, Cheng, D, MacNeil, D, Martin, J, Mayer, R, Groot, G, Acosta, L, Mejia, M, Perez, C J, Lorencin, M, Luksic, I, Mamic, M, Ashoush, F M, Osman, N A, Safwat Shahine, M, Eldaly, A, Elfiky, M M A, Amin, A, Elmorsi, R, Refky, B, Essa, M M, Mengistu, G Mengesha, Dakpé, S, Boucher, S, Ballouhey, Q, Laloze, J, Usseglio, J, Hoffmann, C, Gregoire, V, Lallemant, B, Blaurock, M, Reim, D, Boehm, A, Guntinas-Lichius, O, Hölzle, F, Modabber, A, Winnand, P, Kleeff, J, Lorenz, K, Ronellenfitsch, U, Schneider, R, Betz, C S, Böttcher, A, Busch, C, Möckelmann, N, Inhestern, J M, Greve, J, Hoffmann, T K, Laban, S, Vahl, J M, Agyeman-Prempeh, A, Aning, D, Barnor, I, Darko-Asante, R, Dzogbefia, M, Gaveh, V, Gyimah, D, Issahalq, M D, Konney, A, Poku, M, Adjeso, T, Akornor, E T, Amankwaa, W O, Antwi, D A, Apppiah-Thompson, P, Damah, M, Kumi, E O, Manan, L, Murphy, J P, Osei, L, Setuagbe, J, Arkadopoulos, N, Danias, N, Economopoulou, P, Frountzas, M, Kokoropoulos, P, Larentzakis, A, Michalopoulos, N V, Nastos, K, Parasyris, S, Pikoulis, E, Selmani, J, Sidiropoulos, T A, Vassiliu, P, Kalfountzos, C E, Chatziioannou, I, Corais, C, Gkrinia, E, Ntziovara, A, Saratziotis, A, Antoniadis, K, Orestis, O, Tatsis, D, Baili, E, Charalabopoulos, A, Liakakos, T, Schizas, D, Spartalis, E, Syllaios, A, Zografos, C, Aguilera-Arévalo, M, Misra, S, Pareek, P, Vishnoi, J, Chappity, P, Kar, M, Muduly, D K, Sultania, M, Agarwal, S, Garg, P K, Maharaj, D D, Majumdar, K S, Mishra, N, Poonia, D, Seenivasagam, R K, Singh, M P, Tiwari, A R, Penumadu, P, Rajan, S, Kumar, S, Raychowdhury, R, Ghodke, R, Barry, C, Callanan, D, Dias, A, Haung, L, Ionescu, A, Sheahan, P, Lennon, P, Fitzgerald, C, Mizrachi, A, Deganello, A, Pellini, R, Pichi, B, Lemma, F, Marino, M V, Bergonzani, M, Varazzani, A, Bussu, F, Perra, T, Piras, A, Porcu, A, Rizzo, D, Campisi, G, Cordova, A, Franza, M, Rinaldi, G, Toia, F, Gianni, A, Giannini, L, Gordini, L, Baldini, E, Conti, L, De Virgilio, A, Ferreli, F, Gaino, F, Mercante, G, Spriano, G, Ansarin, M, Chu, F, De Berardinis, R, Ietrobon, G, Tagliabue, M, Ionna, F, Baietti, A, Maremonti, P, Neri, F, Prucher, G, Ricci, S, Casaril, A, Nama, M, Cotoia, A, Lizzi, V, Vovola, F, Bruzzaniti, P, Familiari, P, Lapolla, P, Marruzzo, G, Mingoli, A, Ribuffo, D, Cipriani, R, Contedini, F, Lauretta, M, Marchetti, C, Melotti, M, Pignatti, M, Pinto, V, Pizzigallo, A, Ricotta, F, Tarsitano, A, Catarzi, L, Consorti, G, Abdulwahed, E A, Alshareea, E A, Biala, M I, Ghmagh, R J, Ibrahim, A F, Liew, Y T, Alvarez, M R, Arrangoiz, R, Cordera, F, Gómez-Pedraza, A, Soulé-Martínez, C E, Becerril, O S, Becerra, GFC, Arkha, Y, Bechri, H, El Ouahabi, A, Oudrhiri, M, Benkabbou, A, Majbar, M, Mohsine, R, Souadka, A, Lageju, N, Schreuder, W H, Hardillo, J, de Bree, R, Schweitzer, D, Adeyeye, A A, Enoch, E E, Sholadoye, T S T T, Wuraola, F, Oyelakin, O, Khokhar, M I, Ayub, B, Walędziak, M, Szewczyk, M, Faria, C, Cardoso, P, Castro Silva, J, AlKharashi, E, Jelovac, D, Petrovic, M, Sumrak, S, Asceric, R R, Bojicic, J M, Kovacevic, B M, Krdzic, I D, Milentijevic, M A, Milutinovic, V Z, Stefanovic, Z B, Villacampa, J M, Jiménez Carneros, V, Salazar Carrasco, A, Carabias Hernandez, A, Alonso Lamberti, L, León Ledesma, R, Jiménez Miramón, F J, Jover Navalón, J M, Garcia Quijada, J, Ramos Rodriguez, J, Valle Rubio, A, Vilaseca, I, Escartin, J, Estaire-Gomez, M, Padilla Valverde, D, Tousidonis, M, Lopez, F, Deandrés-Olabarria, U, Durán-Ballesteros, M, Fernández-Pablos, F, Ibáñez-Aguirre, F, Sanz-Larrainzar, A, Ugarte-Sierra, B, Di Martino, M, Prada, J, Jariod-Ferrer, U M, Landaluce Olavarria, A, Rey-Biel, J, Díaz de Cerio, P, Sánchez Barrueco, A, Lindqvist, E K, Sund, M, Piantanida, R, Giger, R, Hool, S, Müller, S A, Stoeckli, S J, Simon, C, Toutounji, T, Al assaf, A, Hammed, A M, Hammed, S M, Mahfoud, M, Arikan, A, Yalkin, Ö, İflazoğlu, N, Isik, A, Leventoglu, S, Aydemir, L, Basaran, B, Sen, C, Comert -Ulusan, M, Saracoglu, K T, Saracoglu, A, Mantoglu, B, Kucuk, G, Aygun, N, Baran, E, Tanal, M, Eray Tufan, A, Uludag, M, Gürkan Yetkin, S, Yigit, B, Calik, B, Demirli Atici, S, Kaya, T, Sikakulya, F K, Abdel-Galil, K M A H, Lowe, T, Durrani, A J, Habeeb, A, Irune, E, Luke, L, Masterson, L, Murphy, S H, Segaren, N, Walker, C, Waseem, S, Jones, T M, Loh, C, Pringle, S, Schache, A G, Shaw, R J, Stenhouse, J, Armstrong, M, Sood, S, Sutton, D, Thomas, S, Clarke, P, Winter, S C, Hislop, S, Counter, P R, Ghazali, N, Lloyd, C, Prabhu, V, Godden, D, Whitley, S, Butler, C, Nash, R, El-Boghdadly, K, Fry, A, Niziol, R, De, M, Gill, C K, Crank, S, Mace, A D, Ho, M, Mair, M, Kothari, P, Homer, J, Sainuddin, S, Egan, R J, Kittur, M, Burgess, C, O'Hara, J, Manickavasagam, J, McDonald, C, Burrows, S, Java, K R, Katre, C, Ahmed, A, Siddique, H, King, E, Ramchandani, P, Naredla, P R, Brennan, P, Ringrose, T, Schmidt, F, Mak, J K C, Nankivell, P, Parmar, S, Sharma, N, Douglas, C, McCaul, J, Dhanda, J, Kyzas, P, Vassiliou, L, Kumar, A, Husband, A, Hulbert, J, Ingrams, D, Parkin, R, Varley, I, Gahir, D, George, A, Zakai, D, Bater, M, Surwald, C, Devlin, B, Leonard, C G, Pigadas, N, Snee, D, Singh, R P, Hyde, N C, Paley, M, Cocks, H, Wilson, A, Choi, D, Kerawala, C J, Riva, F, Dickason, A, Semple, C J, Schilling, C, Walton, G, Rees-Stoner, O, Scott, N, Nixon, I J, Tighe, D, Mattine, S, Chu, M M H, Pothula, V, Lee, W, Brown, L, Ganly, I, Alpert, N, Illezeau, C N, Miles, B, Rapp, J, Taioli, E, Azam, M T, Choudhry, A J, Marx, W, Stein, J, Ying, Y, Gross, N D, Almasri, M, Joshi, R, Kulkarni, G, Marwan, H, Mehdi, M, Sumer, B, Department of Surgery, HUS Abdominal Center, Schache, Andrew G., Shaw, Richard, Omar, Omar, Emile, Sameh, Farik, Shebani, Fiore, Marco, Edward Fitzgerald, J., Ford, Samuel, Garmanova, Tatiana, Gallo, Gaetano, Ghosh, Dhruv, Gomes, Gustavo Mendonça Ataíde, Grecinos, Gustavo, Simoes, Joana F. F., Griffiths, Ewen A., Gründl, Madalegna, Halkias, Constantine, Harrison, Ewen M., Hisham, Intisar, Hutchinson, Peter J., Hwang, Shelley, Isik, Arda, Jenkinson, Michael D., Jonker, Pascal, Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Kaafarani, Haytham M. A., Kolias, Angelos, Kruijff, Schelto, Lawani, Ismail, Lederhuber, Hans, Leventoglu, Sezai, Litvin, Andrey, Loehrer, Andrew, Löffler, Markus W., Lorena, Maria Aguilera, Bhangu, Aneel, Madolo, Maria Marta, Major, Piotr, Martin, Janet, Mashbari, Hassan N., Mazingi, Dennis, Metallidis, Symeon, Minaya-Bravo, Ana, Mohan, Helen M., Moore, Rachel, Moszkowicz, David, Pinkney, Tom, Moug, Susan, Ng-Kamstra, Joshua S., Maimbo, Mayaba, Niquen, Milagros, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Olivos, Maricarmen, Oussama, Kacimi, Outani, Oumaima, Parreno-Sacdalanm, Marie Dione, Pata, Francesco, McGill, Laura, Rivera, Carlos Jose Perez, Pinkney, Thomas D., van der Plas, Willemijn, Pockney, Peter, Qureshi, Ahmad, Radenkovic, Dejan, Medina, Antonio Ramos-De la, Roberts, Keith, Roslani, April C., Rutegård, Martin, Perry, Rita, Santos, Irène, Satoi, Sohei, Sayyed, Raza, Schache, Andrew, Schnitzbauer, Andreas A., Seyi-Olajide, Justina O., Sharma, Neil, Shu, Sebastian, Soreide, Kjetil, Hughes, Terry, Spinelli, Antonino, Stewart, Grant D., Sund, Malin, Sundar, Sudha, Tabiri, Stephen, Townend, Philip, Tsoulfas, Georgios, van Ramshorst, Gabrielle H., Vidya, Raghavan, Vimalachandran, Dale, Jackson, Richard, Warren, Oliver J., Wedderburn, Duane, Wright, Naomi, Boccalatte, L. A., Batstone, M., Hodge, R., Abeloos, J., De Backer, T., De Ceulaer, J., Dick, C., Siaw-Acheampong, Kwabena, Diez-Fraile, A., Lamoral, P., Spaas, C., Schrijvers, D. L. A. L., Willemse, E. B. M., Faris, C., Maariën, S., Van Haesendonck, G., Van Laer, C., Deron, P., Ho, Michael Wing Sung, Benson, Ruth A., Abdallah, E. A., Carvalho, G. B., Kowalski, L., Vartanian, J., Gatti, A. P., Nardi, C. N., Oliva, R. N. L., Salem, M. C., Cheng, D., MacNeil, D., Bywater, Edward, Martin, J., Mayer, R., Groot, G., Acosta, L., Mejia, M., Perez, C. J., Lorencin, M., Luksic, I., Mamic, M., Ashoush, F. M., Chaudhry, Daoud, Osman, N. A., Safwat Shahine, M., Eldaly, A., Elfiky, M. M. A., Amin, A., Elmorsi, R., Refky, B., Essa, M. M., Mengistu, G. Mengesha, Dakpé, S., Dawson, Brett E., Boucher, S., Ballouhey, Q., Laloze, J., Usseglio, J., Hoffmann, C., Gregoire, V., Lallemant, B., Blaurock, M., Reim, D., Boehm, A., Evans, Jonathan P., Guntinas-Lichius, O., Hölzle, F., Modabber, A., Winnand, P., Kleeff, J., Lorenz, K., Ronellenfitsch, U., Schneider, R., Betz, C. S., Böttcher, A., Glasbey, James C., Busch, C., Möckelmann, N., Inhestern, J. M., Greve, J., Hoffmann, T. K., Laban, S., Vahl, J. M., Agyeman-Prempeh, A., Aning, D., Barnor, I., Gujjuri, Rohan R., Darko-Asante, R., Dzogbefia, M., Gaveh, V., Gyimah, D., Issahalq, M. D., Konney, A., Poku, M., Adjeso, T., Akornor, E. T., Amankwaa, W. O., Heritage, Emily, Antwi, D. A., Apppiah-Thompson, P., Damah, M., Kumi, E. O., Manan, L., Murphy, J. P., Osei, L., Setuagbe, J., Arkadopoulos, N., Danias, N., Jones, Conor S., Economopoulou, P., Frountzas, M., Kokoropoulos, P., Larentzakis, A., Michalopoulos, N. V., Nastos, K., Parasyris, S., Pikoulis, E., Selmani, J., Sidiropoulos, T. A., Kamarajah, Sivesh K., Vassiliu, P., Kalfountzos, C. E., Chatziioannou, I., Corais, C., Gkrinia, E., Ntziovara, A., Saratziotis, A., Antoniadis, K., Orestis, O., Tatsis, D., Winter, Stuart C., Khatri, Chetan, Baili, E., Charalabopoulos, A., Liakakos, T., Schizas, D., Spartalis, E., Syllaios, A., Zografos, C., Aguilera-Arévalo, M., Misra, S., Pareek, P., Khaw, Rachel A., Vishnoi, J., Chappity, P., Kar, M., Muduly, D. K., Sultania, M., Agarwal, S., Garg, P. K., Maharaj, D. D., Majumdar, K. S., Mishra, N., Keatley, James M., Poonia, D., Seenivasagam, R. K., Singh, M. P., Tiwari, A. R., Penumadu, P., Rajan, S., Kumar, S., Raychowdhury, R., Ghodke, R., Knight, Andrew, Barry, C., Callanan, D., Dias, A., Haung, L., Ionescu, A., Sheahan, P., Lennon, P., Fitzgerald, C., Mizrachi, A., Deganello, A., Lawday, Samuel, Pellini, R., Pichi, B., Lemma, F., Marino, M. V., Bergonzani, M., Varazzani, A., Bussu, F., Perra, T., Piras, A., Porcu, A., Li, Elizabeth, Rizzo, D., Campisi, G., Cordova, A., Franza, M., Rinaldi, G., Toia, F., Gianni, A., Giannini, L., Gordini, L., Baldini, E., Mann, Harvinder S., Conti, L., De Virgilio, A., Ferreli, F., Gaino, F., Mercante, G., Spriano, G., Ansarin, M., Chu, F., De Berardinis, R., Ietrobon, G., Marson, Ella J., Tagliabue, M., Ionna, F., Baietti, A., Maremonti, P., Neri, F., Prucher, G., Ricci, S., Casaril, A., Nama, M., Cotoia, A., McLean, Kenneth A., Lizzi, V., Vovola, F., Bruzzaniti, P., Familiari, P., Lapolla, P., Marruzzo, G., Mingoli, A., Ribuffo, D., Cipriani, R., Contedini, F., Mckay, Siobhan C., Lauretta, M., Marchetti, C., Melotti, M., Pignatti, M., Pinto, V., Pizzigallo, A., Ricotta, F., Tarsitano, A., Catarzi, L., Abdulwahed, E. A., Glasbey, James, Mills, Emily C., Alshareea, E. A., Biala, M. I., Ghmagh, R. J., Ibrahim, A. F., Liew, Y. T., Alvarez, M. R., Arrangoiz, R., Cordera, F., Gómez-Pedraza, A., Soulé-Martínez, C. E., Becerril, O. S., Becerra, Gfc, Arkha, Y., Bechri, H., El Ouahabi, A., Oudrhiri, M., Benkabbou, A., Majbar, M., Mohsine, R., Souadka, A., Pellino, Gianluca, Lageju, N., Schreuder, W. H., Hardillo, J., de Bree, R., Schweitzer, D., Adeyeye, A. A., Enoch, E. E., Sholadoye, T. S. T. T., Wuraola, F., Oyelakin, O., Picciochi, Maria, Khokhar, M. I., Ayub, B., Walędziak, M., Szewczyk, M., Faria, C., Cardoso, P., Castro Silva, J., AlKharashi, E., Jelovac, D., Petrovic, M., Taylor, Elliott H., Sumrak, S., Asceric, R. R., Bojicic, J. M., Kovacevic, B. M., Krdzic, I. D., Milentijevic, M. A., Milutinovic, V. Z., Stefanovic, Z. B., Villacampa, J. M., Jiménez Carneros, V., Tiwari, Abhinav, Salazar Carrasco, A., Carabias Hernandez, A., Alonso Lamberti, L., León Ledesma, R., Jiménez Miramón, F. J., Jover Navalón, J. M., Garcia Quijada, J., Ramos Rodriguez, J., Valle Rubio, A., Vilaseca, I., Escartin, J., Estaire-Gomez, M., Padilla Valverde, D., Tousidonis, M., Lopez, F., Deandrés-Olabarria, U., Durán-Ballesteros, M., Fernández-Pablos, F., Ibáñez-Aguirre, F., Sanz-Larrainzar, A., Trout, Isobel M., Ugarte-Sierra, B., Di Martino, M., Prada, J., Jariod-Ferrer, U. M., Landaluce Olavarria, A., Rey-Biel, J., Díaz de Cerio, P., Sánchez Barrueco, A., Lindqvist, E. K., Sund, M., Venn, Mary L., Piantanida, R., Giger, R., Hool, S., Müller, S. A., Stoeckli, S. J., Simon, C., Toutounji, T., Al Assaf, A., Hammed, A. M., Hammed, S. M., Wilkin, Richard J. W., Mahfoud, M., Arikan, A., Yalkin, Ö, İflazoğlu, N., Isik, A., Leventoglu, S., Aydemir, L., Basaran, B., Sen, C., Comert-Ulusan, M., Ganly, Ian, Saracoglu, K. T., Saracoglu, A., Mantoglu, B., Kucuk, G., Aygun, N., Baran, E., Tanal, M., Eray Tufan, A., Uludag, M., Gürkan Yetkin, S., Yigit, B., Calik, B., Demirli Atici, S., Kaya, T., Sikakulya, F. K., Abdel-Galil, K. M. A. H., Lowe, T., Durrani, A. J., Habeeb, A., Irune, E., Luke, L., Masterson, L., Murphy, S. H., Segaren, N., Walker, C., Waseem, S., Jones, T. M., Loh, C., Pringle, S., Schache, A. G., Shaw, R. J., Stenhouse, J., Armstrong, M., Sood, S., Sutton, D., Thomas, S., Clarke, P., Winter, S. C., Hislop, S., Counter, P. R., Ghazali, N., Lloyd, C., Prabhu, V., Godden, D., Whitley, S., Butler, C., Nash, R., El-Boghdadly, K., Fry, A., Ho, Michael W. S., Niziol, R., De, M., Gill, C. K., Crank, S., Mace, A. D., Ho, M., Mair, M., Kothari, P., Homer, J., Sainuddin, S., Nankivell, Paul, Egan, R. J., Kittur, M., Burgess, C., O'Hara, J., Manickavasagam, J., McDonald, C., Burrows, S., Java, K. R., Katre, C., Ahmed, A., Biel, Juan Rey, Siddique, H., King, E., Ramchandani, P., Naredla, P. R., Brennan, P., Ringrose, T., Schmidt, F., Mak, J. K. C., Nankivell, P., Parmar, S., Batstone, Martin, Sharma, N., Douglas, C., McCaul, J., Dhanda, J., Kyzas, P., Vassiliou, L., Kumar, A., Husband, A., Hulbert, J., Ingrams, D., Parkin, R., Varley, I., Gahir, D., George, A., Zakai, D., Bater, M., Surwald, C., Devlin, B., Simon, Christian, Leonard, C. G., Pigadas, N., Snee, D., Singh, R. P., Hyde, N. C., Paley, M., Cocks, H., Wilson, A., Choi, D., Kerawala, C. J., Riva, F., Dickason, A., Semple, C. J., Schilling, C., Walton, G., Rees-Stoner, O., Scott, N., Nixon, I. J., Tighe, D., Abbott, Tom E. F., Mattine, S., Chu, M. M. H., Pothula, V., Lee, W., Brown, L., Ganly, I., Alpert, N., Illezeau, C. N., Miles, B., Rapp, J., Adamina, Michel, Taioli, E., Azam, M. T., Choudhry, A. J., Marx, W., Stein, J., Ying, Y., Gross, N. D., Almasri, M., Joshi, R., Kulkarni, G., Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., Marwan, H., Mehdi, M., Sumer, B., Consorti, Giuseppe, Agarwal, Arnav, Alameer, Ehab, Alderson, Derek, Alakaloko, Felix, Albertsmeiers, Markus, Alser, Osaid, Alshaar, Muhammad, Alshryda, Sattar, Arnaud, Alexis P., Augestad, Knut Magne, Ayasra, Faris, Azevedo, José, Bankhead-Kendall, Brittany K., Barlow, Emma, Nankivell, Paul C., Blanco-Colino, Ruth, Brar, Amanpreet, Breen, Kerry A., Bretherton, Chris, Buarque, Igor Lima, Burke, Joshua, Caruana, Edward J., Chaar, Mohammad, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Christensen, Peter, Cox, Daniel, Cukier, Moises, Cunha, Miguel F., Davidson, Giana H., Desai, Anant, Di Saverio, Salomone, Drake, Thomas M., Edwards, John G., Elhadi, Muhammed, Collaborative, COVIDSurg, COVIDSurg Collaborative, EuroSurg, European Soc Coloproctology ESCP, Global Initiative Childrens Surg G, GlobalSurg, GlobalPaedSurg, ItSURG, PTSurg, SpainSurg, Italian Soc Colorectal Surg SICCR, Assoc Surg Training ASiT, Irish Surg Res Collaborative ISRC, Transatlantic Australasian Retrope, Italian Soc Surg Oncology SICO, Schache, Andrew G, Winter, Stuart C, Glasbey, Jame, Nankivell, Paul C, Simoes, Joana F F, Benson, Ruth A, Dawson, Brett E, Evans, Jonathan P, Glasbey, James C, Gujjuri, Rohan R, Jones, Conor S, Kamarajah, Sivesh K, Khaw, Rachel A, Keatley, James M, Mann, Harvinder S, Marson, Ella J, McLean, Kenneth A, Mckay, Siobhan C, Mills, Emily C, Taylor, Elliott H, Trout, Isobel M, Venn, Mary L, Wilkin, Richard J W, Ho, Michael W S, Abbott, Tom E F, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O, Albertsmeiers, Marku, Arnaud, Alexis P, Ayasra, Fari, Bankhead-Kendall, Brittany K, Breen, Kerry A, Bretherton, Chri, Caruana, Edward J, Cukier, Moise, Cunha, Miguel F, Davidson, Giana H, Saverio, Salomone Di, Drake, Thomas M, Edwards, John G, Edward Fitzgerald, J, Griffiths, Ewen A, Harrison, Ewen M, Hutchinson, Peter J, Jenkinson, Michael D, Kaafarani, Haytham M A, Kolias, Angelo, Lederhuber, Han, Löffler, Markus W, Mashbari, Hassan N, Mazingi, Denni, Mohan, Helen M, Ng-Kamstra, Joshua S, Niquen, Milagro, Pinkney, Thomas D, Roslani, April C, Schnitzbauer, Andreas A, Seyi-Olajide, Justina O, Stewart, Grant D, Tsoulfas, Georgio, van Ramshorst, Gabrielle H, Warren, Oliver J, Boccalatte, L A, Batstone, M, Hodge, R, Abeloos, J, De Backer, T, De Ceulaer, J, Dick, C, Diez-Fraile, A, Lamoral, P, Spaas, C, Schrijvers, D L A L, Willemse, E B M, Faris, C, Maariën, S, Van Haesendonck, G, Van Laer, C, Deron, P, Abdallah, E A, Carvalho, G B, Kowalski, L, Vartanian, J, Gatti, A P, Nardi, C N, Oliva, R N L, Salem, M C, Cheng, D, MacNeil, D, Martin, J, Mayer, R, Groot, G, Acosta, L, Mejia, M, Perez, C J, Lorencin, M, Luksic, I, Mamic, M, Ashoush, F M, Osman, N A, Safwat Shahine, M, Eldaly, A, Elfiky, M M A, Amin, A, Elmorsi, R, Refky, B, Essa, M M, Mengistu, G Mengesha, Dakpé, S, Boucher, S, Ballouhey, Q, Laloze, J, Usseglio, J, Hoffmann, C, Gregoire, V, Lallemant, B, Blaurock, M, Reim, D, Boehm, A, Guntinas-Lichius, O, Hölzle, F, Modabber, A, Winnand, P, Kleeff, J, Lorenz, K, Ronellenfitsch, U, Schneider, R, Betz, C S, Böttcher, A, Busch, C, Möckelmann, N, Inhestern, J M, Greve, J, Hoffmann, T K, Laban, S, Vahl, J M, Agyeman-Prempeh, A, Aning, D, Barnor, I, Darko-Asante, R, Dzogbefia, M, Gaveh, V, Gyimah, D, Issahalq, M D, Konney, A, Poku, M, Adjeso, T, Akornor, E T, Amankwaa, W O, Antwi, D A, Apppiah-Thompson, P, Damah, M, Kumi, E O, Manan, L, Murphy, J P, Osei, L, Setuagbe, J, Arkadopoulos, N, Danias, N, Economopoulou, P, Frountzas, M, Kokoropoulos, P, Larentzakis, A, Michalopoulos, N V, Nastos, K, Parasyris, S, Pikoulis, E, Selmani, J, Sidiropoulos, T A, Vassiliu, P, Kalfountzos, C E, Chatziioannou, I, Corais, C, Gkrinia, E, Ntziovara, A, Saratziotis, A, Antoniadis, K, Orestis, O, Tatsis, D, Baili, E, Charalabopoulos, A, Liakakos, T, Schizas, D, Spartalis, E, Syllaios, A, Zografos, C, Aguilera-Arévalo, M, Misra, S, Pareek, P, Vishnoi, J, Chappity, P, Kar, M, Muduly, D K, Sultania, M, Agarwal, S, Garg, P K, Maharaj, D D, Majumdar, K S, Mishra, N, Poonia, D, Seenivasagam, R K, Singh, M P, Tiwari, A R, Penumadu, P, Rajan, S, Kumar, S, Raychowdhury, R, Ghodke, R, Barry, C, Callanan, D, Dias, A, Haung, L, Ionescu, A, Sheahan, P, Lennon, P, Fitzgerald, C, Mizrachi, A, Deganello, A, Pellini, R, Pichi, B, Lemma, F, Marino, M V, Bergonzani, M, Varazzani, A, Bussu, F, Perra, T, Piras, A, Porcu, A, Rizzo, D, Campisi, G, Cordova, A, Franza, M, Rinaldi, G, Toia, F, Gianni, A, Giannini, L, Gordini, L, Baldini, E, Conti, L, De Virgilio, A, Ferreli, F, Gaino, F, Mercante, G, Spriano, G, Ansarin, M, Chu, F, De Berardinis, R, Ietrobon, G, Tagliabue, M, Ionna, F, Baietti, A, Maremonti, P, Neri, F, Prucher, G, Ricci, S, Casaril, A, Nama, M, Cotoia, A, Lizzi, V, Vovola, F, Bruzzaniti, P, Familiari, P, Lapolla, P, Marruzzo, G, Mingoli, A, Ribuffo, D, Cipriani, R, Contedini, F, Lauretta, M, Marchetti, C, Melotti, M, Pignatti, M, Pinto, V, Pizzigallo, A, Ricotta, F, Tarsitano, A, Catarzi, L, Consorti, G, Abdulwahed, E A, Alshareea, E A, Biala, M I, Ghmagh, R J, Ibrahim, A F, Liew, Y T, Alvarez, M R, Arrangoiz, R, Cordera, F, Gómez-Pedraza, A, Soulé-Martínez, C E, Becerril, O S, Becerra, GFC, Arkha, Y, Bechri, H, El Ouahabi, A, Oudrhiri, M, Benkabbou, A, Majbar, M, Mohsine, R, Souadka, A, Lageju, N, Schreuder, W H, Hardillo, J, de Bree, R, Schweitzer, D, Adeyeye, A A, Enoch, E E, Sholadoye, T S T T, Wuraola, F, Oyelakin, O, Khokhar, M I, Ayub, B, Walędziak, M, Szewczyk, M, Faria, C, Cardoso, P, Castro Silva, J, AlKharashi, E, Jelovac, D, Petrovic, M, Sumrak, S, Asceric, R R, Bojicic, J M, Kovacevic, B M, Krdzic, I D, Milentijevic, M A, Milutinovic, V Z, Stefanovic, Z B, Villacampa, J M, Jiménez Carneros, V, Salazar Carrasco, A, Carabias Hernandez, A, Alonso Lamberti, L, León Ledesma, R, Jiménez Miramón, F J, Jover Navalón, J M, Garcia Quijada, J, Ramos Rodriguez, J, Valle Rubio, A, Vilaseca, I, Escartin, J, Estaire-Gomez, M, Padilla Valverde, D, Tousidonis, M, Lopez, F, Deandrés-Olabarria, U, Durán-Ballesteros, M, Fernández-Pablos, F, Ibáñez-Aguirre, F, Sanz-Larrainzar, A, Ugarte-Sierra, B, Di Martino, M, Prada, J, Jariod-Ferrer, U M, Landaluce Olavarria, A, Rey-Biel, J, Díaz de Cerio, P, Sánchez Barrueco, A, Lindqvist, E K, Sund, M, Piantanida, R, Giger, R, Hool, S, Müller, S A, Stoeckli, S J, Simon, C, Toutounji, T, Al assaf, A, Hammed, A M, Hammed, S M, Mahfoud, M, Arikan, A, İflazoğlu, N, Isik, A, Leventoglu, S, Aydemir, L, Basaran, B, Sen, C, Comert -Ulusan, M, Saracoglu, K T, Saracoglu, A, Mantoglu, B, Kucuk, G, Aygun, N, Baran, E, Tanal, M, Eray Tufan, A, Uludag, M, Gürkan Yetkin, S, Yigit, B, Calik, B, Demirli Atici, S, Kaya, T, Sikakulya, F K, Abdel-Galil, K M A H, Lowe, T, Durrani, A J, Habeeb, A, Irune, E, Luke, L, Masterson, L, Murphy, S H, Segaren, N, Walker, C, Waseem, S, Jones, T M, Loh, C, Pringle, S, Schache, A G, Shaw, R J, Stenhouse, J, Armstrong, M, Sood, S, Sutton, D, Thomas, S, Clarke, P, Winter, S C, Hislop, S, Counter, P R, Ghazali, N, Lloyd, C, Prabhu, V, Godden, D, Whitley, S, Butler, C, Nash, R, El-Boghdadly, K, Fry, A, Niziol, R, De, M, Gill, C K, Crank, S, Mace, A D, Ho, M, Mair, M, Kothari, P, Homer, J, Sainuddin, S, Egan, R J, Kittur, M, Burgess, C, O'Hara, J, Manickavasagam, J, McDonald, C, Burrows, S, Java, K R, Katre, C, Ahmed, A, Siddique, H, King, E, Ramchandani, P, Naredla, P R, Brennan, P, Ringrose, T, Schmidt, F, Mak, J K C, Nankivell, P, Parmar, S, Sharma, N, Douglas, C, McCaul, J, Dhanda, J, Kyzas, P, Vassiliou, L, Kumar, A, Husband, A, Hulbert, J, Ingrams, D, Parkin, R, Varley, I, Gahir, D, George, A, Zakai, D, Bater, M, Surwald, C, Devlin, B, Leonard, C G, Pigadas, N, Snee, D, Singh, R P, Hyde, N C, Paley, M, Cocks, H, Wilson, A, Choi, D, Kerawala, C J, Riva, F, Dickason, A, Semple, C J, Schilling, C, Walton, G, Rees-Stoner, O, Scott, N, Nixon, I J, Tighe, D, Mattine, S, Chu, M M H, Pothula, V, Lee, W, Brown, L, Ganly, I, Alpert, N, Illezeau, C N, Miles, B, Rapp, J, Taioli, E, Azam, M T, Choudhry, A J, Marx, W, Stein, J, Ying, Y, Gross, N D, Almasri, M, Joshi, R, Kulkarni, G, Marwan, H, Mehdi, M, and Sumer, B

Subjects
AcademicSubjects/MED00910, SARS-CoV-2, pandemic, COVID-19, safe healthcare delivery, education, Bjs/2, General Medicine, 030230 surgery, 3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, fluids and secretions, 0302 clinical medicine, Head and Neck Neoplasms, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, parasitic diseases, Research Letter, Humans, head and neck cancer, Human medicine, AcademicSubjects/MED00010, COVID
Abstract

BJS open 5(6), zrab112 (2021). doi:10.1093/bjsopen/zrab112, Published by Oxford University Press, Oxford

Published
2021

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