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3. Physiologic hormone administration improves HbA1C in Native Americans with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective study and review of insulin secretion and action.

Author

Rebello, Candida, Morales, Tyler, Chuon, Katsya, Dong, Shu, Lam, V, Purner, Dan, Lewis, Stanley, Lakey, Jonathan, Beyl, Robbie, and Greenway, Frank

Subjects
HbA1C, Native Americans, pulsatile insulin secretion, type 2 diabetes, Humans, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glycated Hemoglobin, Retrospective Studies, American Indian or Alaska Native, Insulin Secretion, Insulin, Blood Glucose
Abstract

Insulin is secreted in pulses from pancreatic beta-cells, and these oscillations maintain fasting plasma glucose levels within a narrow normal range. Within islets, beta-cells exhibit tight synchronization of regular oscillations. This control circuit is disrupted in type 2 diabetes, and irregularities in pulse frequency and amplitude occur. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is three times higher in American Indian and Native Alaskans compared to Whites, and their genetic ancestry is associated with low beta-cell function. Obesity in this population compounds their vulnerability to adverse outcomes. The purpose of this article is to review insulin secretion and action and its interaction with race. We also present the results from a 6-month retrospective chart review of metabolic outcomes following intravenous physiologic hormone administration to 10 Native Americans. We found reductions in hemoglobin A1C (baseline: 9.03% ± 2.08%, 6 months: 7.03% ± 0.73%, p = 0.008), fasting glucose (baseline: 176.0 ± 42.85 mg/dL, 6 months: 137.11 ± 17.05 mg/dL, p = 0.02), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (baseline: 10.39 ± 4.66, 6 months: 7.74 ± 4.22, p = 0.008), and triglycerides (baseline: 212.20 ± 101.44, 6 months: 165.50 ± 76.48 mg/dL, p = 0.02). Physiologic hormone administration may improve components of the metabolic syndrome. The therapy warrants investigation in randomized controlled trials.

Published
2023

4. A Receptor Story: Insulin Resistance Pathophysiology and Physiologic Insulin Resensitization's Role as a Treatment Modality.

Author

Lewis, Stanley T, Greenway, Frank, Tucker, Tori R, Alexander, Michael, Jackson, Levonika K, Hepford, Scott A, Loveridge, Brian, and Lakey, Jonathan RT

Subjects
Humans, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Insulin Resistance, Insulin, Blood Glucose, Ligands, Insulin, Regular, Human, T2D, carbohydrate metabolism, diabetes, insulin resistance, physiologic insulin resensitization, Clinical Research, Diabetes, Prevention, Metabolic and endocrine, Other Chemical Sciences, Genetics, Other Biological Sciences, Chemical Physics
Abstract

Physiologic insulin secretion consists of an oscillating pattern of secretion followed by distinct trough periods that stimulate ligand and receptor activation. Apart from the large postprandial bolus release of insulin, β cells also secrete small amounts of insulin every 4-8 min independent of a meal. Insulin resistance is associated with a disruption in the normal cyclical pattern of insulin secretion. In the case of type-2 diabetes, β-cell mass is reduced due to apoptosis and β cells secrete insulin asynchronously. When ligand/receptors are constantly exposed to insulin, a negative feedback loop down regulates insulin receptor availability to insulin, creating a relative hyperinsulinemia. The relative excess of insulin leads to insulin resistance (IR) due to decreased receptor availability. Over time, progressive insulin resistance compromises carbohydrate metabolism, and may progress to type-2 diabetes (T2D). In this review, we discuss insulin resistance pathophysiology and the use of dynamic exogenous insulin administration in a manner consistent with more normal insulin secretion periodicity to reverse insulin resistance. Administration of insulin in such a physiologic manner appears to improve insulin sensitivity, lower HgbA1c, and, in some instances, has been associated with the reversal of end-organ damage that leads to complications of diabetes. This review outlines the rationale for how the physiologic secretion of insulin orchestrates glucose metabolism, and how mimicking this secretion profile may serve to improve glycemic control, reduce cellular inflammation, and potentially improve outcomes in patients with diabetes.

Published
2023

5. Researching COVID to enhance recovery (RECOVER) adult study protocol: Rationale, objectives, and design

Author

Horwitz, Leora I, Thaweethai, Tanayott, Brosnahan, Shari B, Cicek, Mine S, Fitzgerald, Megan L, Goldman, Jason D, Hess, Rachel, Hodder, SL, Jacoby, Vanessa L, Jordan, Michael R, Krishnan, Jerry A, Laiyemo, Adeyinka O, Metz, Torri D, Nichols, Lauren, Patzer, Rachel E, Sekar, Anisha, Singer, Nora G, Stiles, Lauren E, Taylor, Barbara S, Ahmed, Shifa, Algren, Heather A, Anglin, Khamal, Aponte-Soto, Lisa, Ashktorab, Hassan, Bassett, Ingrid V, Bedi, Brahmchetna, Bhadelia, Nahid, Bime, Christian, Bind, Marie-Abele C, Black, Lora J, Blomkalns, Andra L, Brim, Hassan, Castro, Mario, Chan, James, Charney, Alexander W, Chen, Benjamin K, Chen, Li Qing, Chen, Peter, Chestek, David, Chibnik, Lori B, Chow, Dominic C, Chu, Helen Y, Clifton, Rebecca G, Collins, Shelby, Costantine, Maged M, Cribbs, Sushma K, Deeks, Steven G, Dickinson, John D, Donohue, Sarah E, Durstenfeld, Matthew S, Emery, Ivette F, Erlandson, Kristine M, Facelli, Julio C, Farah-Abraham, Rachael, Finn, Aloke V, Fischer, Melinda S, Flaherman, Valerie J, Fleurimont, Judes, Fonseca, Vivian, Gallagher, Emily J, Gander, Jennifer C, Gennaro, Maria Laura, Gibson, Kelly S, Go, Minjoung, Goodman, Steven N, Granger, Joey P, Greenway, Frank L, Hafner, John W, Han, Jenny E, Harkins, Michelle S, Hauser, Kristine SP, Heath, James R, Hernandez, Carla R, Ho, On, Hoffman, Matthew K, Hoover, Susan E, Horowitz, Carol R, Hsu, Harvey, Hsue, Priscilla Y, Hughes, Brenna L, Jagannathan, Prasanna, James, Judith A, John, Janice, Jolley, Sarah, Judd, SE, Juskowich, Joy J, Kanjilal, Diane G, Karlson, Elizabeth W, Katz, Stuart D, Kelly, J Daniel, Kelly, Sara W, Kim, Arthur Y, Kirwan, John P, Knox, Kenneth S, Kumar, Andre, Lamendola-Essel, Michelle F, Lanca, Margaret, Lee-lannotti, Joyce K, Lefebvre, R Craig, and Levy, Bruce D

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Clinical Research, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Infection, Good Health and Well Being
Abstract

Abstract: Importance: SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in ongoing, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects after the acute phase of infection; termed post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), or long COVID. The characteristics, prevalence, trajectory and mechanisms of PASC are ill-defined. The objectives of the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Multi-site Observational Study of PASC in Adults (RECOVER-Adult) are to: (1) characterize PASC prevalence; (2) characterize the symptoms, organ dysfunction, natural history, and distinct phenotypes of PASC; (3) identify demographic, social and clinical risk factors for PASC onset and recovery; and (4) define the biological mechanisms underlying PASC pathogenesis. Methods: RECOVER-Adult is a combined prospective/retrospective cohort currently planned to enroll 14,880 adults aged ≥18 years. Eligible participants either must meet WHO criteria for suspected, probable, or confirmed infection; or must have evidence of no prior infection. Recruitment occurs at 86 sites in 33 U.S. states, Washington, DC and Puerto Rico, via facility– and community-based outreach. Participants complete quarterly questionnaires about symptoms, social determinants, vaccination status, and interim SARS-CoV-2 infections. In addition, participants contribute biospecimens and undergo physical and laboratory examinations at approximately 0, 90 and 180 days from infection or negative test date, and yearly thereafter. Some participants undergo additional testing based on specific criteria or random sampling. Patient representatives provide input on all study processes. The primary study outcome is onset of PASC, measured by signs and symptoms. A paradigm for identifying PASC cases will be defined and updated using supervised and unsupervised learning approaches with cross– validation. Logistic regression and proportional hazards regression will be conducted to investigate associations between risk factors, onset, and resolution of PASC symptoms. Discussion: RECOVER-Adult is the first national, prospective, longitudinal cohort of PASC among US adults. Results of this study are intended to inform public health, spur clinical trials, and expand treatment options.

Published
2023

8. Physiologic Insulin Resensitization as a Treatment Modality for Insulin Resistance Pathophysiology

Author

Greenway, Frank, Loveridge, Brian, Grimes, Richard M, Tucker, Tori R, Alexander, Michael, Hepford, Scott A, Fontenot, Justin, Nobles-James, Candi, Wilson, Carol, Starr, Adam M, Abdelsaid, Mohammed, Lewis, Stanley T, and Lakey, Jonathan RT

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biological Sciences, Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Sciences, Microbiology, Diabetes, Metabolic and endocrine, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Insulin Secretion, Insulin, Regular, Human, Pancreas, insulin resistance, diabetes, metabolic disorder, obesity, insulin infusion, physiologic insulin resensitization, PIR, treatment modality, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, CKD, Other Chemical Sciences, Genetics, Other Biological Sciences, Chemical Physics, Biochemistry and cell biology, Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry
Abstract

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes increased from 2.5% of the US population in 1990 to 10.5% in 2018. This creates a major public health problem, due to increases in long-term complications of diabetes, including neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, skin ulcers, amputations, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this review, we evaluated the scientific basis that supports the use of physiologic insulin resensitization. Insulin resistance is the primary cause of type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance leads to increasing insulin secretion, leading to beta-cell exhaustion or burnout. This triggers a cascade leading to islet cell destruction and the long-term complications of type 2 diabetes. Concurrent with insulin resistance, the regular bursts of insulin from the pancreas become irregular. This has been treated by the precise administration of insulin more physiologically. There is consistent evidence that this treatment modality can reverse the diabetes-associated complications of neuropathy, diabetic ulcers, nephropathy, and retinopathy, and that it lowers HbA1c. In conclusion, physiologic insulin resensitization has a persuasive scientific basis, significant treatment potential, and likely cost benefits.

Published
2022

9. Effect of Metformin and Lifestyle Interventions on Mortality in the Diabetes Prevention Program and Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study

Author

Lee, Christine G, Heckman-Stoddard, Brandy, Dabelea, Dana, Gadde, Kishore M, Ehrmann, David, Ford, Leslie, Prorok, Philip, Boyko, Edward J, Pi-Sunyer, Xavier, Wallia, Amisha, Knowler, William C, Crandall, Jill P, Temprosa, Marinella, Group:, Diabetes Prevention Program Research, Bray, George A, Culbert, Iris W, Arceneaux, Jennifer, Chatellier, Annie, Dragg, Amber, Champagne, Catherine M, Duncan, Crystal, Eberhardt, Barbara, Greenway, Frank, Guillory, Fonda G, Herbert, April A, Jeffirs, Michael L, Kennedy, Betty M, Levy, Erma, Lockett, Monica, Lovejoy, Jennifer C, Morris, Laura H, Melancon, Lee E, Ryan, Donna H, Sanford, Deborah A, Smith, Kenneth G, Smith, Lisa L, St. Amant, Julia A, Tulley, Richard T, Vicknair, Paula C, Williamson, Donald, Zachwieja, Jeffery J, Polonsky, Kenneth S, Tobian, Janet, Ehrmann, David A, Matulik, Margaret J, Temple, Karla A, Clark, Bart, Czech, Kirsten, DeSandre, Catherine, Dotson, Brittnie, Hilbrich, Ruthanne, McNabb, Wylie, Semenske, Ann R, Caro, Jose F, Furlong, Kevin, Goldstein, Barry J, Watson, Pamela G, Smith, Kellie A, Mendoza, Jewel, Simmons, Marsha, Wildman, Wendi, Liberoni, Renee, Spandorfer, John, Pepe, Constance, Donahue, Richard P, Goldberg, Ronald B, Prineas, Ronald, Calles, Jeanette, Giannella, Anna, Rowe, Patricia, Sanguily, Juliet, Cassanova-Romero, Paul, Castillo-Florez, Sumaya, Florez, Hermes J, Garg, Rajesh, Kirby, Lascelles, Lara, Olga, Larreal, Carmen, McLymont, Valerie, Mendez, Jadell, Perry, Arlette, Saab, Patrice, Veciana, Bertha, Haffner, Steven M, Hazuda, Helen P, Montez, Maria G, Hattaway, Kathy, Isaac, Juan, Lorenzo, Carlos, Martinez, Arlene, Salazar, Monica, Walker, Tatiana, Hamman, Richard F, Nash, Patricia V, Steinke, Sheila C, Testaverde, Lisa, Truong, Jennifer, and Anderson, Denise R

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Public Health, Health Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Nutrition, Clinical Research, Cancer, Cardiovascular, Diabetes, Aetiology, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Life Style, Metformin, Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group, Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group:, Medical and Health Sciences, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

ObjectiveTo determine whether metformin or lifestyle modification can lower rates of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the Diabetes Prevention Program and Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study.Research design and methodsFrom 1996 to 1999, 3,234 adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes were randomized to an intensive lifestyle intervention, masked metformin, or placebo. Placebo and lifestyle interventions stopped in 2001, and a modified lifestyle program was offered to everyone, but unmasked study metformin continued in those originally randomized. Causes of deaths through 31 December 2018 were adjudicated by blinded reviews. All-cause and cause-specific mortality hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated from Cox proportional hazards regression models and Fine-Gray models, respectively.ResultsOver a median of 21 years (interquartile range 20-21), 453 participants died. Cancer was the leading cause of death (n = 170), followed by cardiovascular disease (n = 131). Compared with placebo, metformin did not influence mortality from all causes (HR 0.99 [95% CI 0.79, 1.25]), cancer (HR 1.04 [95% CI 0.72, 1.52]), or cardiovascular disease (HR 1.08 [95% CI 0.70, 1.66]). Similarly, lifestyle modification did not impact all-cause (HR 1.02 [95% CI 0.81, 1.28]), cancer (HR 1.07 [95% CI 0.74, 1.55]), or cardiovascular disease (HR 1.18 [95% CI 0.77, 1.81]) mortality. Analyses adjusted for diabetes status and duration, BMI, cumulative glycemic exposure, and cardiovascular risks yielded results similar to those for all-cause mortality.ConclusionsCancer was the leading cause of mortality among adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes. Although metformin and lifestyle modification prevented diabetes, neither strategy reduced all-cause, cancer, or cardiovascular mortality rates.

Published
2021

14. Circulating sex hormone binding globulin levels are modified with intensive lifestyle intervention, but their changes did not independently predict diabetes risk in the Diabetes Prevention Program

Author

Aroda, Vanita R, Christophi, Costas A, Edelstein, Sharon L, Perreault, Leigh, Kim, Catherine, Golden, Sherita H, Horton, Edward, Mather, Kieren J, Bray, George A, Gadde, Kishore, Culbert, Iris W, Arceneaux, Jennifer, Chatellier, Annie, Dragg, Amber, Champagne, Catherine M, Duncan, Crystal, Eberhardt, Barbara, Greenway, Frank, Guillory, Fonda G, Herbert, April A, Jeffirs, Michael L, Kennedy, Betty M, Levy, Erma, Lockett, Monica, Lovejoy, Jennifer C, Morris, Laura H, Melancon, Lee E, Ryan, Donna H, Sanford, Deborah A, Smith, Kenneth G, Smith, Lisa L, St, Julia A, Amant, Richard T Tulley, Vicknair, Paula C, Williamson, Donald, Zachwieja, Jeffery J, Polonsky, Kenneth S, Tobian, Janet, Ehrmann, David A, Matulik, Margaret J, Clark, Bart, Czech, Kirsten, DeSandre, Catherine, Hilbrich, Ruthanne, McNabb, Wylie, Semenske, Ann R, Caro, Jose F, Furlong, Kevin, Goldstein, Barry J, Watson, Pamela G, Smith, Kellie A, Mendoza, Jewel, Wildman, Wendi, Liberoni, Renee, Spandorfer, John, Pepe, Constance, Donahue, Richard P, Goldberg, Ronald B, Prineas, Ronald, Calles, Jeanette, Ojito, Juliet, Rowe, Patricia, Cassanova-Romero, Paul, Castillo-Florez, Sumaya, Florez, Hermes J, Giannella, Anna, Kirby, Lascelles, Larreal, Carmen, Lara, Olga, McLymont, Valerie, Mendez, Jadell, Perry, Arlette, Saab, Patrice, Veciana, Beth, Haffner, Steven M, Hazuda, Helen P, Montez, Maria G, Hattaway, Kathy, Lorenzo, Carlos, Martinez, Arlene, Walker, Tatiana, Dabelea, Dana, Hamman, Richard F, Nash, Patricia V, Steinke, Sheila C, Testaverde, Lisa, Anderson, Denise R, Ballonoff, Larry B, Bouffard, Alexis, Bucca, Brian, Calonge, B Ned, Delve, Lynne, Farago, Martha, Hill, James O, Hoyer, Shelley R, Jenkins, Tonya, Jortberg, Bonnie T, Lenz, Dione, and Miller, Marsha

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Diabetes, Cardiovascular, Obesity, Estrogen, Clinical Research, Prevention, Nutrition, Aging, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, 3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing, Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being, Metabolic and endocrine, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Glucose Intolerance, Humans, Life Style, Male, Metformin, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, DPP Research Group, diabetes mellitus, hormone, life style, primary prevention, type 2, Clinical sciences, Public health
Abstract

Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels are reported to be inversely associated with diabetes risk. It is unknown whether diabetes prevention interventions increase SHBG and whether resultant changes in SHBG affect diabetes risk. The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether intensive lifestyle intervention (ILS) or metformin changed circulating SHBG and if resultant changes influenced diabetes risk in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). This is a secondary analysis from the DPP (1996-2001), a randomized trial of ILS or metformin versus placebo on diabetes risk over a mean follow-up of 3.2 years. The DPP was conducted across 27 academic study centers in the USA. Men, premenopausal and postmenopausal women without hormone use in the DPP were evaluated. The DPP included overweight/obese persons with elevated fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance. Main outcomes measures were changes in SHBG levels at 1 year and risk of diabetes over 3 years. ILS resulted in significantly higher increases (postmenopausal women: p

Published
2020

15. Technical report: an online international weight control registry to inform precision approaches to healthy weight management

Author

Roberts, Susan B., Das, Sai Krupa, Sayer, R. Drew, Caldwell, Ann E., Wyatt, Holly R., Mehta, Tapan S., Gorczyca, Anna M., Oslund, Jennifer L., Peters, John C., Friedman, James E., Chiu, Chia-Ying, Greenway, Frank L., Donnelly, Joseph E., Dao, Maria Carlota, Cuevas, Adolfo G., Affuso, Olivia, Wilkinson, Larrell L., Thomas, Diana, Al-Ozairi, Ebaa, Yannakoulia, Mary, Khazrai, Yeganeh M., Manalac, Raoul J., Bachiashvili, Vasil, and Hill, James O.

Published
2022
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16. Interaction Between Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Strategies and Genetic Determinants of Coronary Artery Disease on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

Author

Merino, Jordi, Jablonski, Kathleen A, Mercader, Josep M, Kahn, Steven E, Chen, Ling, Harden, Maegan, Delahanty, Linda M, Araneta, Maria Rosario G, Walford, Geoffrey A, Jacobs, Suzanne BR, Ibebuogu, Uzoma N, Franks, Paul W, Knowler, William C, Florez, Jose C, Bray, George A, Gadde, Kishore, Chatellier, Annie, Arceneaux, Jennifer, Dragg, Amber, Duncan, Crystal, Greenway, Frank L, Hsia, Daniel, Levy, Erma, Lockett, Monica, Ryan, Donna H, Ehrmann, David, Matulik, Margaret J, Czech, Kirsten, DeSandre, Catherine, Goldstein, Barry J, Furlong, Kevin, Smith, Kellie A, Wildman, Wendi, Pepe, Constance, Goldberg, Ronald B, Calles, Jeanette, Ojito, Juliet, Castillo-Florez, Sumaya, Florez, Hermes J, Giannella, Anna, Lara, Olga, Veciana, Beth, Haffner, Steven M, Hazuda, Helen P, Montez, Maria G, Hattaway, Kathy, Lorenzo, Carlos, Martinez, Arlene, Walker, Tatiana, Hamman, Richard F, Dabelea, Dana, Testaverde, Lisa, Anderson, Denise, Bouffard, Alexis, Jenkins, Tonya, Lenz, Dione, Perreault, Leigh, Price, David W, Steinke, Sheila C, Horton, Edward S, Poirier, Catherine S, Swift, Kati, Caballero, Enrique, Fargnoli, Barbara, Guidi, Ashley, Guido, Mathew, Jackson, Sharon D, Lambert, Lori, Lawton, Kathleen E, Ledbury, Sarah, Sansoucy, Jessica, Spellman, Jeanne, Montgomery, Brenda K, Fujimoto, Wilfred, Knopp, Robert H, Lipkin, Edward W, Morgan-Taggart, Ivy, Murillo, Anne, Taylor, Lonnese, Thomas, April, Tsai, Elaine C, Trence, Dace, Kitabchi, Abbas E, Dagogo-Jack, Samuel, Murphy, Mary E, Taylor, Laura, Dolgoff, Jennifer, Clark, Debra, Ibebuogu, Uzoma, Lambeth, Helen, Ricks, Harriet, Rutledge, Lily MK, Soberman, Judith E, Molitch, Mark E, Metzger, Boyd E, Johnson, Mariana K, Giles, Mimi M, Larsen, Diane, and Pen, Samsam C

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Diabetes, Clinical Research, Atherosclerosis, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Cardiovascular, Heart Disease, Prevention, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Nutrition, Obesity, Metabolic and endocrine, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Artery Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Exercise, Exercise Therapy, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Life Style, Male, Metabolic Syndrome, Metformin, Middle Aged, Prediabetic State, Preventive Health Services, Risk Factors, United States, Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group, Medical and Health Sciences, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is more frequent among individuals with dysglycemia. Preventive interventions for diabetes can improve cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs), but it is unclear whether the benefits on CRFs are similar for individuals at different genetic risk for CAD. We built a 201-variant polygenic risk score (PRS) for CAD and tested for interaction with diabetes prevention strategies on 1-year changes in CRFs in 2,658 Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) participants. We also examined whether separate lifestyle behaviors interact with PRS and affect changes in CRFs in each intervention group. Participants in both the lifestyle and metformin interventions had greater improvement in the majority of recognized CRFs compared with placebo (P < 0.001) irrespective of CAD genetic risk (P interaction > 0.05). We detected nominal significant interactions between PRS and dietary quality and physical activity on 1-year change in BMI, fasting glucose, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol in individuals randomized to metformin or placebo, but none of them achieved the multiple-testing correction for significance. This study confirms that diabetes preventive interventions improve CRFs regardless of CAD genetic risk and delivers hypothesis-generating data on the varying benefit of increasing physical activity and improving diet on intermediate cardiovascular risk factors depending on individual CAD genetic risk profile.

Published
2020

18. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist‐based agents and weight loss composition: Filling the gaps.

Author

Dubin, Robert L., Heymsfield, Steven B., Ravussin, Eric, and Greenway, Frank L.

Subjects
MAGNETIC resonance imaging, WEIGHT loss, TYPE 2 diabetes, MUSCLE mass, SKELETAL muscle
Abstract

Excess adiposity is at the root of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) have emerged as first‐line treatments for T2D based on significant weight loss results. The composition of weight loss using most diets consists of <25% fat‐free mass (FFM) loss, with the remainder from fat stores. Higher amounts of weight loss (achieved with metabolic bariatric surgery) result in greater reductions in FFM. Our aim was to assess the impact that GLP‐1RA‐based treatments have on FFM. We analysed studies that reported changes in FFM with the following agents: exenatide, liraglutide, semaglutide, and the dual incretin receptor agonist tirzepatide. We performed an analysis of various weight loss interventions to provide a reference for expected changes in FFM. We evaluated studies using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) for measuring FFM (a crude surrogate for skeletal muscle). In evaluating the composition of weight loss, the percentage lost as fat‐free mass (%FFML) was equal to ΔFFM/total weight change. The %FFML using GLP‐1RA‐based agents was between 20% and 40%. In the 28 clinical trials evaluated, the proportion of FFM loss was highly variable, but the majority reported %FFML exceeding 25%. Our review was limited to small substudies and the use of DXA, which does not measure skeletal muscle mass directly. Since FFM contains a variable amount of muscle (approximately 55%), this indirect measure may explain the heterogeneity in the data. Assessing quantity and quality of skeletal muscle using advanced imaging (magnetic resonance imaging) with functional testing will help fill the gaps in our current understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Kidney Disease, Hypertension Treatment, and Cerebral Perfusion and Structure

Author

Whelton, Paul, Johnson, Karen C., Snyder, Joni, Bild, Diane, Bonds, Denise, Cook, Nakela, Cutler, Jeffrey, Fine, Lawrence, Kaufmann, Peter, Kimmel, Paul, Launer, Lenore, Moy, Claudia, Riley, William, Ryan, Laurie, Tolunay, Eser, Yang, Song, Reboussin, David, Williamson, Jeff, Ambrosius, Walter T., Applegate, William, Evans, Greg, Foy, Capri, Freedman, Barry I., Kitzman, Dalane, Lyles, Mary, Pajewski, Nick, Rapp, Steve, Rushing, Scott, Shah, Neel, Sink, Kaycee M., Vitolins, Mara, Wagenknecht, Lynne, Wilson, Valerie, Perdue, Letitia, Woolard, Nancy, Craven, Tim, Garcia, Katelyn, Gaussoin, Sarah, Lovato, Laura, Newman, Jill, Lovato, James, Lu, Lingyi, McLouth, Chris, Russell, Greg, Amoroso, Bobby, Davis, Patty, Griffin, Jason, Harris, Darrin, King, Mark, Lane, Kathy, Roberson, Wes, Steinberg, Debbie, Ashford, Donna, Babcock, Phyllis, Chamberlain, Dana, Christensen, Vickie, Cloud, Loretta, Collins, Christy, Cook, Delilah, Currie, Katherine, Felton, Debbie, Harpe, Stacy, Howard, Marjorie, Lewis, Michelle, Nance, Pamela, Puccinelli-Ortega, Nicole, Russell, Laurie, Walker, Jennifer, Craven, Brenda, Goode, Candace, Troxler, Margie, Davis, Janet, Hutchens, Sarah, Killeen, Anthony A., Lukkari, Anna M., Ringer, Robert, Dillard, Brandi, Archibeque, Norbert, Warren, Stuart, Sather, Mike, Pontzer, James, Taylor, Zach, Soliman, Elsayed Z., Zhang, Zhu-Ming, Li, Yabing, Campbell, Chuck, Hensley, Susan, Hu, Julie, Keasler, Lisa, Barr, Mary, Taylor, Tonya, Bryan, R. Nick, Davatzikos, Christos, Nasarallah, Ilya, Desiderio, Lisa, Elliott, Mark, Borthakur, Ari, Battapady, Harsha, Erus, Guray, Smith, Alex, Wang, Ze, Doshi, Jimit, Wright, Jackson T., Jr., Rahman, Mahboob, Lerner, Alan J., Still, Carolyn, Wiggers, Alan, Zamanian, Sara, Bee, Alberta, Dancie, Renee, Thomas, George, Schreiber, Martin, Jr., Navaneethan, Sankar Dass, Hickner, John, Lioudis, Michael, Lard, Michelle, Marczewski, Susan, Maraschky, Jennifer, Colman, Martha, Aaby, Andrea, Payne, Stacey, Ramos, Melanie, Horner, Carol, Drawz, Paul, Raghavendra, Pratibha P., Ober, Scott, Mourad, Ronda, Pallaki, Muralidhar, Russo, Peter, Raghavendra, Pratibha, Fantauzzo, Pual, Tucker, Lisa, Schwing, Bill, Sedor, John R., Horwitz, Edward J., Schellling, Jeffrey R., O’Toole, John F., Humbert, Lisa, Tutolo, Wendy, White, Suzanne, Gay, Alishea, Clark, Walter, Jr., Hughes, Robin, Dobre, Mirela, Still, Carolyn H., Williams, Monique, Bhatt, Udayan, Hebert, Lee, Agarwal, Anil, Murphy, Melissa Brown, Ford, Nicole, Stratton, Cynthia, Baxter, Jody, Lykins, Alicia A., McKinley Neal Leena Hirmath, Alison, Kwame, Osei, Soe, Kyaw, Miser, William F., Sagrilla, Colleen, Johnston, Jan, Anaya, Amber, Mintos, Ashley, Howell, Angel A., Rogers, Kelly, Taylor, Sara, Ebersbacher, Donald, Long, Lucy, Bednarchik, Beth, Schnall, Adrian, Smith, Jonathan, Peysha, Lori, Leach, Lisa, Tribout, Megan, Harwell, Carla, Ellington, Pinkie, Banerji, Mary Ann, Ghody, Pranav, Rambaud, Melissa Vahídeh, Townsend, Raymond, Cohen, Debbie, Huan, Yonghong, Duckworth, Mark, Ford, Virginia, Leshner, Juliet, Davison, Ann, Veen, Sarah Vander, Gadegbeku, Crystal A., Gillespie, Avi, Paranjape, Anuradha, Amoroso, Sandra, Pfeffer, Zoe, Quinn, Sally B., He, Jiang, Chen, Jing, Lustigova, Eva, Malone, Erin, Krousel-Wood, Marie, Deichmann, Richard, Ronney, Patricia, Muery, Susan, Trapani, Donnalee, Rocco, Michael, Goff, David, Rodriguez, Carlos, Coker, Laura, Hawfield, Amret, Yeboah, Joseph, Crago, Lenore, Summerson, John, Hege, Anita, Diamond, Matt, Mulloy, Laura, Hodges, Marcela, Collins, Michelle, Weathers, Charlene, Anderson, Heather, Stone, Emily, Walker, Walida, McWilliams, Andrew, Dulin, Michael, Kuhn, Lindsay, Standridge, Susan, Lowe, Lindsay, Everett, Kelly, Preston, Kelry, Norton, Susan, Gaines, Silena, Rizvi, Ali A., Sides, Andrew W., Herbert, Diamond, Hix, Matthew M., Whitmire, Melanie, Arnold, Brittany, Hutchinson, Philip, Espiritu, Joseph, Feinglos, Mark, Kovalik, Eugene, Gedon-Lipscomb, Georgianne, Evans, Kathryn, Thacker, Connie, Zimmer, Ronna, Furst, Mary, Mason, MaryAnn, Powell, James, Bolin, Paul, Zhang, Junhong, Pinion, Mary, Davis, Gail, Bryant, Winifred, Phelps, Presley, Garris-Sutton, Connie, Atkinson, Beatrice, Contreras, Gabriele, Suarez, Maritza, Schulman, Ivonne, Koggan, Don, Vassallo, Jackie, Peruyera, Gloria, Whittington, Sheri, Bethea, Cassandra, Gilliam, Laura, Pedley, Carolyn, Zurek, Geraldine, Baird, Miriam, Herring, Charles, Smoak, Mary Martha, Williams, Julie, Rogers, Samantha, Gordon, Lindsay, Kennedy, Erin, Belle, Beverly, McCorkle-Doomy, Jessica, Adams, Jonathan, Lopez, Ramon, Janavs, Juris, Rahbari-Oskoui, Frederic, Chapman, Arlene, Dollar, Allen, Williams, Olubunmi, Han, Yoosun, Haley, William, Fitzpatrick, Peter, Blackshear, Joseph, Shapiro, Brian, Harrell, Anna, Palaj, Arta, Henderson, Katelyn, Johnson, Ashley, Gonzalez, Heath, Robinson, Jermaine, Tamariz, Leonardo, Denizard, Jennifer, Barakat, Rody, Krishnamoorthy, Dhurga, Greenway, Frank, Monce, Ron, Church, Timothy, Hendrick, Chelsea, Yoches, Aimee, Sones, Leighanne, Baltazar, Markee, Pemu, Priscilla, Jones, Connie, Akpalu, Derrick, Cheung, Alfred K., Beddhu, Srinivasan, Chelune, Gordon, Childs, Jeffrey, Gren, Lisa, Randall, Anne, Dember, Laura, Soares, Denise, Yee, Jerry, Umanath, Kausik, Ogletree, Naima, Thaxton, Schawana, Campana, Karen, Sheldon, Dayna, MacArthur, Krista, Muhlestein, J. Brent, Allred, Nathan, Clements, Brian, Dhar, Ritesh, Meredith, Kent, Le, Viet, Miner, Edward, Orford, James, Riessen, Erik R., Ballantyne, Becca, Chisum, Ben, Johnson, Kevin, Peeler, Dixie, Chertow, Glenn, Tamura, Manju, Chang, Tara, Erickson, Kevin, Shen, Jenny, Stafford, Randall S., Zaharchuk, Gregory, Del Cid, Margareth, Dentinger, Michelle, Sabino, Jennifer, Sahay, Rukmani, Telminova, Ekaterina, Weiner, Daniel E., Sarnak, Mark, Chan, Lily, Civiletto, Amanda, Heath, Alyson, Kantor, Amy, Jain, Priyanka, Kirkpatrick, Bethany, Well, Andrew, Yuen, Barry, Chonchol, Michel, Farmer, Beverly, Farmer, Heather, Greenwald, Carol, Malaczewski, Mikaela, Lash, James, Porter, Anna, Ricardo, Ana, Rosman, Robert T., Cohan, Janet, Barrera, Nieves Lopez, Meslar, Daniel, Meslar, Patricia, Conroy, Margaret, Unruh, Mark, Hess, Rachel, Jhamb, Manisha, Thomas, Holly, Fazio, Pam, Klixbull, Elle, Komlos-Weimer, Melissa, Mandich, LeeAnne, Vita, Tina, Toto, Robert, Van Buren, Peter, Inrig, Julia, Cruz, Martha, Lightfoot, Tammy, Wang, Nancy, Webster, Lori, Raphael, Kalani, Stults, Barry, Zaman, Tahir, Simmons, Debra, Lavasani, Tooran, Filipowicz, Rebecca, Wei, Guo, Miller, Gracie Mary, Harerra, Jenice, Christensen, Jeff, Giri, Ajay, Chen, Xiaorui, Anderton, Natalie, Jensen, Arianna, Lewis, Julia, Burgner, Anna, Dwyer, Jamie P., Schulman, Gerald, Herrud, Terri, Leavell, Ewanda, McCray, Tiffany, McNeil-Simaan, Edwina, Poudel, Munmun, Reed, Malia, Sika, Mohammed, Woods, Delia, Zirkenbach, Janice L., Raj, Dominic S., Cohen, Scott, Patel, Samir, Velasquez, Manuel, Bastian, Roshni S., Wing, Maria, Roy-Chaudhury, Akshay, Depner, Thomas, Dalyrymple, Lorien, Kaysen, George, Anderson, Susan, Nord, John, Ix, Joachim H., Goldenstein, Leonard, Miracle, Cynthia M., Forbang, Nketi, Mircic, Maja, Thomas, Brenda, Tran, Tiffany, Rastogi, Anjay, Kim, Mihae, Rashid, Mohamad, Lizarraga, Bianca, Hocza, Amy, Sarmosyan, Kristine, Norris, Jason, Sharma, Tushar, Chioy, Amanda, Bernard, Eric, Cabrera, Eleanore, Lopez, Christina, Nunez, Susana, Riad, Joseph, Schweitzer, Suzanne, Sirop, Siran, Thomas, Sarah, Wada, Lauren, Kramer, Holly, Bansal, Vinod, Taylor, Corliss E., Segal, Mark S., Hall, Karen L., Kazory, Amir, Gilbert, Lesa, Owens, Linda, Poulton, Danielle, Whidden, Elaine, Wiggins, Jocelyn, Blaum, Caroline, Nyquist, Linda, Min, Lillian, Gure, Tanya, Lewis, Ruth, Mawby, Jennifer, Robinson, Eileen, Oparil, Suzanne, Lewis, Cora E., Bradley, Virginia, Calhoun, David, Glasser, Stephen, Jenkins, Kim, Ramsey, Tom, Qureshi, Nauman, Ferguson, Karen, Haider, Sumrah, James, Mandy, Jones, Christy, Renfroe, Kim, Seay, April, Weigart, Carrie, Thornley-Brown, Denyse, Rizik, Dana, Cotton, Bari, Fitz-Gerald, Meredith, Grimes, Tiffany, Johnson, Carolyn, Kennedy, Sara, Mason, Chanel, Rosato-Burson, Lesa, Willingham, Robin, Judd, Eric, Breaux-Shropshire, Tonya, Cook, Felice, Medina, Julia, Ghazi, Lama, Bhatt, Hemal, Lewis, James, Brantley, Roman, Brouilette, John, Glaze, Jeffrey, Hall, Stephanie, Hiott, Nancy, Tharpe, David, Boddy, Spencer, Mack, Catherine, Womack, Catherine, Asao, Keiko, Griffin, Beate, Hendrix, Carol, Johnson, Karen, Jones, Lisa, Towers, Chelsea, Punzi, Henry, Cassidy, Kathy, Schumacher, Kristin, Irizarry, Carmen, Colon, Ilma, Colon-Ortiz, Pedro, Colón-Hernández, Pedro J., Carrasquillo-Navarro, Orlando J., Carrasquillo, Merari, Vazquez, Nivea, Sosa-Padilla, Miguel, Cintron-Pinero, Alex, Ayala, Mayra, Pacheco, Olga, Rivera, Catalina, Sotomayor-Gonzalez, Irma, Claudio, Jamie, Lazaro, Jose, Arce, Migdalia, Heres, Lourdes, Perez, Alba, Tavarez-Valle, Jose, Arocho, Ferlinda, Torres, Mercedes, Vazquez, Melvaliz, Aurigemma, Gerard P., Takis-Smith, Rebecca, Andrieni, Julia, Bodkin, Noelle, Chaudhary, Kiran, Hu, Paula, Kostis, John, Cosgrove, Nora, Bankowski, Denise, Boleyn, Monica, Casazza, Laurie, Giresi, Victoria, Patel, Tosha, Squindo, Erin, Wu, Yan, Henson, Zeb, Wofford, Marion, Lowery, Jessica, Minor, Deborah, Harkins, Kimberley, Auchus, Alexander, Flessner, Michael, Adair, Cathy, Asher, Jordan, Loope, Debbie, Cobb, Rita, Venegas, Reiner, Bigger, Thomas, Bello, Natalie, Homma, Shunichi, Donovan, Daniel, Lopez-Jimenez, Carlos, Tirado, Amilcar, Getaneh, Asqual, Tang, Rocky, Durant, Sabrina, Maurer, Mathew, Teruya, Sergio, Helmke, Stephen, Alvarez, Julissa, Campbell, Ruth, Pisoni, Roberto, Sturdivant, Rachel, Brooks, Deborah, Counts, Caroline, Hunt, Vickie, Spillers, Lori, Brautigam, Donald, Kitchen, Timothy, Gorman, Timothy, Sayers, Jessica, Button, Sarah, Chiarot, June, Fischer, Rosemary, Lyon, Melissa, Resnick, Maria, Hodges, Nicole, Ferreira, Jennifer, Cushman, William, Wall, Barry, Nichols, Linda, Burns, Robert, Martindale-Adams, Jennifer, Berlowitz, Dan, Clark, Elizabeth, Walsh, Sandy, Geraci, Terry, Huff, Carol, Shaw, Linda, Servilla, Karen, Vigil, Darlene, Barrett, Terry, Sweeney, Mary Ellen, Johnson, Rebecca, McConnell, Susan, Salles, Khadijeh Shahid, Watson, Francoise, Schenk, Cheryl, Whittington, Laura, Maher, Maxine, Williams, Jonathan, Swartz, Stephen, Conlin, Paul, Alexis, George, Lamkin, Rebecca, Underwood, Patti, Gomes, Helen, Rosendorff, Clive, Atlas, Stephen, Khan, Saadat, Gonzalez, Waddy, Barcham, Samih, Kwon, Lawrence, Matar, Matar, Adhami, Anwar, Basile, Jan, John, Joseph, Ham, Deborah, Baig, Hadi, Saklayen, Mohammed, Yap, Jason, Neff, Helen, Miller, Carol, Zheng-Phelan, Ling, Gappy, Saib, Rau, Shiva, Raman, Arathi, Berchou, Vicki, Jones, Elizabeth, Olgren, Erin, Marbury, Cynthia, Yudd, Michael, Sastrasinh, Sithiporn, Michaud, Jennine, Fiore, Jessica, Kutza, Marianne, Shorr, Ronald, Mount, Rattana, Dunn, Helen, Stinson, Susan, Hunter, Jessica, Taylor, Addison, Bates, Jeffery, Anderson, Catherine, Kirchner, Kent, Stubbs, Jodi, Hinton, Ardell, Spencer, Anita, Sharma, Santosh, Wiegmann, Thomas, Mehta, Smita, Krause, Michelle, Dishongh, Kate, Childress, Richard, Gyamlani, Geeta, Niakan, Atossa, Thompson, Cathy, Moody, Janelle, Gresham, Carolyn, Whittle, Jeffrey, Barnas, Gary, Wolfgram, Dawn, Cortese, Heidi, Johnson, Jonette, Roumie, Christianne, Hung, Adriana, Wharton, Jennifer, Niesner, Kurt, Katz, Lois, Richardson, Elizabeth, Brock, George, Holland, Joanne, Dixon, Troy, Zias, Athena, Spiller, Christine, Baker, Penelope, Felicetta, James, Rehman, Shakaib, Bingham, Kelli, Watnick, Suzanne, Cohen, David, Weiss, Jessica, Johnston, Tera, Giddings, Stephen, Yamout, Hala, Klein, Andrew, Rowe, Caroline, Vargo, Kristin, Waidmann, Kristi, Papademetriou, Vasilios, Elkhoury, Jean Pierre, Gregory, Barbara, Amodeo, Susan, Bloom, Mary, Goldfarb-Waysman, Dalia, Treger, Richard, Kashefi, Mehran, Huang, Christina, Knibloe, Karen, Ishani, Areef, Slinin, Yelena, Olney, Christine, Rust, Jacqueline, Fanti, Paolo, Dyer, Christopher, Bansal, Shweta, Dunnam, Monica, Hu, Lih-Lan, Zarate-Abbott, Perla, Kurella Tamura, Manjula, Pajewski, Nicholas M., Zaharchuk, Greg, Rapp, Stephen R., Auchus, Alexander P., Haley, William E., Kendrick, Jessica, Roumie, Christianne L., Williamson, Jeff D., Detre, John A., Dolui, Sudipto, and Nasrallah, Ilya M.

Published
2022
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24. 3 years of liraglutide versus placebo for type 2 diabetes risk reduction and weight management in individuals with prediabetes: a randomised, double-blind trial

Author

Hamann, Andreas, Barakat, Alain, Blüher, Matthias, Linn, Thomas, Mölle, Andrea, Segner, Alexander, Stübler, Petra, Tosch-Sisting, Regina, Pacini, Furio, Santini, Ferruccio, Marchesini, Giulio, Rotella, Carlo Maria, Invitti, Cecilia, Vettor, Roberto, Buscemi, Silvio, Raya, Pedro Mezquita, Freijoo, Felipe Casanueva, de Barbará, Ramón Gomis, Carraro, Raffaele, Bobillo, Enrique Romero, de la Cuesta, Carmen, Farsang, Csaba, Csaszar, Albert, Zahorska-Markiewicz, Barbara, Pupek-Musialik, Danuta, Franek, Edward, Ostrowska, Lucyna, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz, Magdalena, Lalic, Nebojsa, Micic, Dragan, Ludvik, Bernhard, Paulweber, Bernhard, Prager, Rudolf, Scheen, André, Van Gaal, Luc, Astrup, Arne Vernon, Hermansen, Kjeld, Madsbad, Sten, Rissanen, Aila, Nieminen, Sakari, Savolainen, Markku, Krempf, Michel, Romon, Monique, Laville, Martine, Marre, Michel, Mira, Reginald, Finucane, Francis, Veenendaal, Aletha, van Berkum, Frank, Johannsson-Vidarsdóttir, Solrun, Van de Walle, Vivienne, Meesters, Eelco, Hjelmesæth, Jøran, Klemsdal, Tor Ole, Kulseng, Bård, Bach-Kliegel, Birgit, Laederach, Kurt, Villiger, Lukas, Golay, Alain, Bilz, Stefan, Sathyapalan, Thozhukat, Bain, Stephen, Kumar, Sudesh, Le Roux, Carel Wynard, Lean, Michael E.J., McGowan, Barbara, Rehman, Tariq, Wilding, John, Wittert, Gary, Caterson, Ian, Proietto, Joeseph, Prins, John, Neto, Bruno Geloneze, Gross, Jorge Luiz, Chacra, Antonio Roberto, Halpern, Alfredo, de Almeida Suplicy, Henrique, Chow, Francis Chun Chung, Thacker, Hemant P, Chadha, Manoj, Chandalia, Hemaraj, Unnikrishnan, Ambika, Kalra, Sanjay, Deshpande, Neeta, Shunmugavelu, Minakshi, Deshmukh, Vaishali Chetan, Maislos, Maximo, Lieberman, Gabriella Segal, Shimon, Ilan, Stern, Naftali, Nabriski, Dan, Karnieli, Eddy, Shehadeh, Naim, Gonzalez-Galvez, Guillermo, del Rosario Arechavaleta-Granell, Maria, Ortiz, Rafael Margarito Violante, Franco, Guadalupe Morales, Gurieva, Irina, Suplotova, Lyudmila Aleksandrovna, Troshina, Ekaterina, Ruyatkina, Ludmila Aleksandrovna, Voychik, Emma Anatolievna, Martsevich, Sergey, Startseva, Maria A, Seeber, Mary Elizabeth, Badat, Aysha, Ellis, Graham, Altuntas, Yuksel, Guler, Serdar, Ulgen, Ender, Delibasi, Tuncay, Chetty, Tony, Hart, Randy, Janzen, Jeannette, Labonte, Isabelle, Lau, David, Liutkus, Joanne, O'Keefe, Dennis, Padwal, Raj, Ransom, Thomas P.P., Tytus, Richard, Weisnagel, Stanley John, Adler, Jay, Aqua, Keith, Aronoff, Stephen L, Bedel, Gary W., Blevins, Thomas Craig, Blumenau, Joe, Brockmyre, Andrew Peter, Call, Robert S, Canadas, Rafael, Chaykin, Louis B, Cohen, Kenneth, Conrow, Jeffrey Keith, Davis, Matthew G, Downey, H Jackson, Drosman, Steven Richard, Duckor, Steven, Farmer, H. Frank, Farrell, James, Fehnel, Stephen, Finneran, Matthew Patrick, Forbes, Ray, Forker, Alan, Fredrick, Mark, Fujioka, Ken, Geller, Steven Andrew, Gill, Santosh, Glaser, Linda, Greco, Susan Neims, Greenway, Frank Lyons, Harper, Wayne, Herman, Lee, Hoekstra, John, Ingebretsen, Richard, Ison, Rodney, Jain, Rajeev K, Kaplan, Roy, Kaster, Steven Richard, Haase, Gregory A, Kerzner, Boris, Kirstein, Judith Lee, Koltun, William, Krieger, Diane R, Lewis, Cora Elizabeth, Madder, Robert, Marple, Richard N, McDermott, Edward J, Mello, Curtis John, Miller, Alan B., Mullen, Julie, Nardandrea, John, O'Neil, Patrick, Pi-Sunyer, F. Xavier, Pucillo, Ronald M, Rhee, Chanhaeng, Redrick, Scott, Pardini, Aaron, Rothman, Jeffrey, Rubino, Domenica Marie, Sellers, Gladstone, Smith, Timothy, Byars, William David, Soufer, Joseph, Sussman, Allen Michael, Patrick, Kyle, Schramm, Erich Lloyd, Van Cleeff, Martin, Berg, Saul Reuel, Wyatt, Holly Roxanna, Simon, James Alan, le Roux, Carel W, Astrup, Arne, Greenway, Frank, Lau, David C W, Ortiz, Rafael Violante, Wilding, John P H, Skjøth, Trine V, Manning, Linda Shapiro, and Pi-Sunyer, Xavier

Published
2017
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30. Genetic Modulation of Lipid Profiles following Lifestyle Modification or Metformin Treatment: The Diabetes Prevention Program

Author

Pollin, Toni I, Isakova, Tamara, Jablonski, Kathleen A, de Bakker, Paul IW, Taylor, Andrew, McAteer, Jarred, Pan, Qing, Horton, Edward S, Delahanty, Linda M, Altshuler, David, Shuldiner, Alan R, Goldberg, Ronald B, Florez, Jose C, Franks, Paul W, Bray, George A, Culbert, Iris W, Champagne, Catherine M, Eberhardt, Barbara, Greenway, Frank, Guillory, Fonda G, Herbert, April A, Jeffirs, Michael L, Kennedy, Betty M, Lovejoy, Jennifer C, Morris, Laura H, Melancon, Lee E, Ryan, Donna, Sanford, Deborah A, Smith, Kenneth G, Smith, Lisa L, St. Amant, Julia A, Tulley, Richard T, Vicknair, Paula C, Williamson, Donald, Zachwieja, Jeffery J, Polonsky, Kenneth S, Tobian, Janet, Ehrmann, David, Matulik, Margaret J, Clark, Bart, Czech, Kirsten, DeSandre, Catherine, Hilbrich, Ruthanne, McNabb, Wylie, Semenske, Ann R, Caro, Jose F, Watson, Pamela G, Goldstein, Barry J, Smith, Kellie A, Mendoza, Jewel, Liberoni, Renee, Pepe, Constance, Spandorfer, John, Donahue, Richard P, Prineas, Ronald, Rowe, Patricia, Calles, Jeanette, Cassanova-Romero, Paul, Florez, Hermes J, Giannella, Anna, Kirby, Lascelles, Larreal, Carmen, McLymont, Valerie, Mendez, Jadell, Ojito, Juliet, Perry, Arlette, Saab, Patrice, Haffner, Steven M, Montez, Maria G, Lorenzo, Carlos, Martinez, Arlene, Hamman, Richard F, Nash, Patricia V, Testaverde, Lisa, Anderson, Denise R, Ballonoff, Larry B, Bouffard, Alexis, Calonge, B Ned, Delve, Lynne, Farago, Martha, Hill, James O, Hoyer, Shelley R, Jortberg, Bonnie T, Lenz, Dione, Miller, Marsha, Price, David W, Regensteiner, Judith G, Seagle, Helen, Smith, Carissa M, Steinke, Sheila C, VanDorsten, Brent, Lawton, Kathleen E, Arky, Ronald A, Bryant, Marybeth, Burke, Jacqueline P, Caballero, Enrique, Callaphan, Karen M, and Ganda, Om P

Subjects
Diabetes, Nutrition, Clinical Research, Prevention, Genetics, Cardiovascular, Metabolic and endocrine, Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Dyslipidemias, Female, Genetic Association Studies, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Life Style, Lipid Metabolism, Lipoproteins, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, Metformin, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Triglycerides, Weight Loss, Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Weight-loss interventions generally improve lipid profiles and reduce cardiovascular disease risk, but effects are variable and may depend on genetic factors. We performed a genetic association analysis of data from 2,993 participants in the Diabetes Prevention Program to test the hypotheses that a genetic risk score (GRS) based on deleterious alleles at 32 lipid-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms modifies the effects of lifestyle and/or metformin interventions on lipid levels and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) lipoprotein subfraction size and number. Twenty-three loci previously associated with fasting LDL-C, HDL-C, or triglycerides replicated (P = 0.04-1 × 10(-17)). Except for total HDL particles (r = -0.03, P = 0.26), all components of the lipid profile correlated with the GRS (partial |r| = 0.07-0.17, P = 5 × 10(-5)-1 10(-19)). The GRS was associated with higher baseline-adjusted 1-year LDL cholesterol levels (β = +0.87, SEE ± 0.22 mg/dl/allele, P = 8 × 10(-5), P(interaction) = 0.02) in the lifestyle intervention group, but not in the placebo (β = +0.20, SEE ± 0.22 mg/dl/allele, P = 0.35) or metformin (β = -0.03, SEE ± 0.22 mg/dl/allele, P = 0.90; P(interaction) = 0.64) groups. Similarly, a higher GRS predicted a greater number of baseline-adjusted small LDL particles at 1 year in the lifestyle intervention arm (β = +0.30, SEE ± 0.012 ln nmol/L/allele, P = 0.01, P(interaction) = 0.01) but not in the placebo (β = -0.002, SEE ± 0.008 ln nmol/L/allele, P = 0.74) or metformin (β = +0.013, SEE ± 0.008 nmol/L/allele, P = 0.12; P(interaction) = 0.24) groups. Our findings suggest that a high genetic burden confers an adverse lipid profile and predicts attenuated response in LDL-C levels and small LDL particle number to dietary and physical activity interventions aimed at weight loss.

Published
2012

37. Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) adult study protocol: Rationale, objectives, and design

Author

Horwitz, Leora I., primary, Thaweethai, Tanayott, additional, Brosnahan, Shari B., additional, Cicek, Mine S., additional, Fitzgerald, Megan L., additional, Goldman, Jason D., additional, Hess, Rachel, additional, Hodder, S. L., additional, Jacoby, Vanessa L., additional, Jordan, Michael R., additional, Krishnan, Jerry A., additional, Laiyemo, Adeyinka O., additional, Metz, Torri D., additional, Nichols, Lauren, additional, Patzer, Rachel E., additional, Sekar, Anisha, additional, Singer, Nora G., additional, Stiles, Lauren E., additional, Taylor, Barbara S., additional, Ahmed, Shifa, additional, Algren, Heather A., additional, Anglin, Khamal, additional, Aponte-Soto, Lisa, additional, Ashktorab, Hassan, additional, Bassett, Ingrid V., additional, Bedi, Brahmchetna, additional, Bhadelia, Nahid, additional, Bime, Christian, additional, Bind, Marie-Abele C., additional, Black, Lora J., additional, Blomkalns, Andra L., additional, Brim, Hassan, additional, Castro, Mario, additional, Chan, James, additional, Charney, Alexander W., additional, Chen, Benjamin K., additional, Chen, Li Qing, additional, Chen, Peter, additional, Chestek, David, additional, Chibnik, Lori B., additional, Chow, Dominic C., additional, Chu, Helen Y., additional, Clifton, Rebecca G., additional, Collins, Shelby, additional, Costantine, Maged M., additional, Cribbs, Sushma K., additional, Deeks, Steven G., additional, Dickinson, John D., additional, Donohue, Sarah E., additional, Durstenfeld, Matthew S., additional, Emery, Ivette F., additional, Erlandson, Kristine M., additional, Facelli, Julio C., additional, Farah-Abraham, Rachael, additional, Finn, Aloke V., additional, Fischer, Melinda S., additional, Flaherman, Valerie J., additional, Fleurimont, Judes, additional, Fonseca, Vivian, additional, Gallagher, Emily J., additional, Gander, Jennifer C., additional, Gennaro, Maria Laura, additional, Gibson, Kelly S., additional, Go, Minjoung, additional, Goodman, Steven N., additional, Granger, Joey P., additional, Greenway, Frank L., additional, Hafner, John W., additional, Han, Jenny E., additional, Harkins, Michelle S., additional, Hauser, Kristine S. P., additional, Heath, James R., additional, Hernandez, Carla R., additional, Ho, On, additional, Hoffman, Matthew K., additional, Hoover, Susan E., additional, Horowitz, Carol R., additional, Hsu, Harvey, additional, Hsue, Priscilla Y., additional, Hughes, Brenna L., additional, Jagannathan, Prasanna, additional, James, Judith A., additional, John, Janice, additional, Jolley, Sarah, additional, Judd, S. E., additional, Juskowich, Joy J., additional, Kanjilal, Diane G., additional, Karlson, Elizabeth W., additional, Katz, Stuart D., additional, Kelly, J. Daniel, additional, Kelly, Sara W., additional, Kim, Arthur Y., additional, Kirwan, John P., additional, Knox, Kenneth S., additional, Kumar, Andre, additional, Lamendola-Essel, Michelle F., additional, Lanca, Margaret, additional, Lee-lannotti, Joyce K., additional, Lefebvre, R. Craig, additional, Levy, Bruce D., additional, Lin, Janet Y., additional, Logarbo, Brian P., additional, Logue, Jennifer K., additional, Longo, Michele T., additional, Luciano, Carlos A., additional, Lutrick, Karen, additional, Malakooti, Shahdi K., additional, Mallett, Gail, additional, Maranga, Gabrielle, additional, Marathe, Jai G., additional, Marconi, Vincent C., additional, Marshall, Gailen D., additional, Martin, Christopher F., additional, Martin, Jeffrey N., additional, May, Heidi T., additional, McComsey, Grace A., additional, McDonald, Dylan, additional, Mendez-Figueroa, Hector, additional, Miele, Lucio, additional, Mittleman, Murray A., additional, Mohandas, Sindhu, additional, Mouchati, Christian, additional, Mullington, Janet M., additional, Nadkarni, Girish N., additional, Nahin, Erica R., additional, Neuman, Robert B., additional, Newman, Lisa T., additional, Nguyen, Amber, additional, Nikolich, Janko Z., additional, Ofotokun, Igho, additional, Ogbogu, Princess U., additional, Palatnik, Anna, additional, Palomares, Kristy T. S., additional, Parimon, Tanyalak, additional, Parry, Samuel, additional, Parthasarathy, Sairam, additional, Patterson, Thomas F., additional, Pearman, Ann, additional, Peluso, Michael J., additional, Pemu, Priscilla, additional, Pettker, Christian M., additional, Plunkett, Beth A., additional, Pogreba-Brown, Kristen, additional, Poppas, Athena, additional, Porterfield, J. Zachary, additional, Quigley, John G., additional, Quinn, Davin K., additional, Raissy, Hengameh, additional, Rebello, Candida J., additional, Reddy, Uma M., additional, Reece, Rebecca, additional, Reeder, Harrison T., additional, Rischard, Franz P., additional, Rosas, Johana M., additional, Rosen, Clifford J., additional, Rouphael, Nadine G., additional, Rouse, Dwight J., additional, Ruff, Adam M., additional, Saint Jean, Christina, additional, Sandoval, Grecio J., additional, Santana, Jorge L., additional, Schlater, Shannon M., additional, Sciurba, Frank C., additional, Selvaggi, Caitlin, additional, Seshadri, Sudha, additional, Sesso, Howard D., additional, Shah, Dimpy P., additional, Shemesh, Eyal, additional, Sherif, Zaki A., additional, Shinnick, Daniel J., additional, Simhan, Hyagriv N., additional, Singh, Upinder, additional, Sowles, Amber, additional, Subbian, Vignesh, additional, Sun, Jun, additional, Suthar, Mehul S., additional, Teunis, Larissa J., additional, Thorp, John M., additional, Ticotsky, Amberly, additional, Tita, Alan T. N., additional, Tragus, Robin, additional, Tuttle, Katherine R., additional, Urdaneta, Alfredo E., additional, Utz, P. J., additional, VanWagoner, Timothy M., additional, Vasey, Andrew, additional, Vernon, Suzanne D., additional, Vidal, Crystal, additional, Walker, Tiffany, additional, Ward, Honorine D., additional, Warren, David E., additional, Weeks, Ryan M., additional, Weiner, Steven J., additional, Weyer, Jordan C., additional, Wheeler, Jennifer L., additional, Whiteheart, Sidney W., additional, Wiley, Zanthia, additional, Williams, Natasha J., additional, Wisnivesky, Juan P., additional, Wood, John C., additional, Yee, Lynn M., additional, Young, Natalie M., additional, Zisis, Sokratis N., additional, and Foulkes, Andrea S., additional

Published
2023
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48. Partial Meal Replacement Plan and Quality of the Diet at 1 Year: Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) Trial

Author

Brancati, Frederick L., Honas, Jeff, Cheskin, Lawrence, Clark, Jeanne M., Stewart, Kerry, Rubin, Richard, Charleston, Jeanne, Horak, Kathy, Bray, George A., Rau, Kristi, Strate, Allison, Armand, Brandi, Greenway, Frank L., Ryan, Donna H., Williamson, Donald, Bachand, Amy, Begnaud, Michelle, Berhard, Betsy, Caderette, Elizabeth, Cerniauskas, Barbara, Creel, David, Crow, Diane, Guay, Helen, Kora, Nancy, LaFleur, Kelly, Landry, Kim, Lingle, Missy, Perault, Jennifer, Shipp, Mandy, Smith, Marisa, Tucker, Elizabeth, Lewis, Cora E., Thomas, Sheikilya, Safford, Monika, DiLillo, Vicki, Bragg, Charlotte, Dobelstein, Amy, Gilbert, Stacey, Glasser, Stephen, Hannum, Sara, Hubbell, Anne, Jones, Jennifer, Lee, DeLavallade, Luketic, Ruth, Marshall, Karen, Oden, L. Christie, Raines, Janet, Roche, Cathy, Truman, Janet, Webb, Nita, Wrenn, Audrey, Nathan, David M., Turgeon, Heather, Schumann, Kristina, Cagliero, Enrico, Delahanty, Linda, Hayward, Kathryn, Anderson, Ellen, Bissett, Laurie, Ginsburg, Richard, Goldman, Valerie, Harlan, Virginia, McKitrick, Charles, McNamara, Alan, Michel, Theresa, Poulos, Alexi, Steiner, Barbara, Tosch, Joclyn, Horton, Edward S., Jackson, Sharon D., Hamdy, Osama, Caballero, A. Enrique, Bain, Sarah, Bovaird, Elizabeth, Goebel-Fabbri, Ann, Lambert, Lori, Ledbury, Sarah, Malloy, Maureen, Ovalle, Kerry, Blackburn, George, Mantzoros, Christos, Day, Kristinia, McNamara, Ann, Hill, James O., Miller, Marsha, Phillipp, JoAnn, Schwartz, Robert, Van Dorsten, Brent, Regensteiner, Judith, Benchekroun, Salma, Coelho, Ligia, Cohrs, Paulette, Daeninck, Elizabeth, Fields, Amy, Green, Susan, Hamilton, April, Hamilton, Jere, Leshchinskiy, Eugene, McDermott, Michael, Munkwitz, Lindsey, Rome, Loretta, Wallace, Kristin, Worley, Terra, Foreyt, John P., Reeves, Rebecca S., Pownall, Henry, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Jones, Peter, Burrington, Michele, Chen, Chu-Huang, Clark, Allyson, Gee, Molly, Griggs, Sharon, Hamilton, Michelle, Holley, Veronica, Joseph, Jayne, Pace, Patricia, Palencia, Julieta, Satterwhite, Olga, Schmidt, Jennifer, Volding, Devin, White, Carolyn, Saad, Mohammed F., Ghazarian, Siran, Chiu, Ken C., Botrous, Medhat, Chan, Michelle, Konersman, Kati, Perpetua, Magpuri, Johnson, Karen C., Gresham, Carolyn, Connelly, Stephanie, Brewer, Amy, Coday, Mace, Jones, Lisa, Lichtermann, Lynne, Vosburg, Shirley, Taylor, J. Lee, Kitabchi, Abbas E., Lambeth, Helen, Clark, Debra, Crisler, Andrea, Cunningham, Gracie, Green, Donna, Force, Debra, Kores, Robert, Rosenthal, Renate, Smith, Elizabeth, Sun, Maria, Soberman, Judith, Jeffery, Robert W., Thorson, Carolyn, Bantle, John P., Redmon, J. Bruce, Crow, Richard S., Crow, Scott, Raatz, Susan K., Brelje, Kerrin, Campbell, Carolyne, Carls, Jeanne, Carmean-Mihm, Tara, Finch, Emily, Fox, Anna, Hoelscher, Elizabeth, James, La Donna, Maddy, Vicki A., Ockenden, Therese, Rice, Birgitta I., Skarphol, Tricia, Tucker, Ann D., Voeller, Mary Susan, Walcheck, Cara, Pi-Sunyer, Xavier, Patricio, Jennifer, Heshka, Stanley, Pal, Carmen, Allen, Lynn, Hirsch, Diane, Holowaty, Mary Anne, Wadden, Thomas A., Maschak-Carey, Barbara J., Schwartz, Stanley, Foster, Gary D., Berkowitz, Robert I., Glick, Henry, Kumanyika, Shiriki K., Brock, Johanna, Chomentowski, Helen, Clark, Vicki, Crerand, Canice, Davenport, Renee, Diamond, Andrea, Fabricatore, Anthony, Hesson, Louise, Krauthamer-Ewing, Stephanie, Kuehnel, Robert, Lipschutz, Patricia, Mullen, Monica, Womble, Leslie, Iqbal, Nayyar, Kelley, David E., Wesche-Thobaben, Jacqueline, Kuller, Lewis, Kriska, Andrea, Bonk, Janet, Danchenko, Rebecca, Edmundowicz, Daniel, Klem, Mary L., Yamamoto, Monica E., Elnyczky, Barb, Grove, George A., Harper, Pat, Krulia, Janet, Mancino, Juliet, Mathews, Anne, Murray, Tracey Y., Ritchea, Joan R., Rush, Jennifer, Vujevich, Karen, Wolf, Donna, Wing, Rena R., Bright, Renee, Pera, Vincent, Jakicic, John, Tate, Deborah, Gorin, Amy, Gallagher, Kara, Bach, Amy, Bancroft, Barbara, Bertorelli, Anna, Carey, Richard, Charron, Tatum, Chenot, Heather, Chula-Maguire, Kimberley, Coward, Pamela, Cronkite, Lisa, Currin, Julie, Daly, Maureen, Egan, Caitlin, Ferguson, Erica, Foss, Linda, Gauvin, Jennifer, Kieffer, Don, Lessard, Lauren, Maier, Deborah, Massaro, J.P., Monk, Tammy, Nicholson, Rob, Patterson, Erin, Phelan, Suzanne, Raynor, Hollie, Raynor, Douglas, Robinson, Natalie, Robles, Deborah, Tavares, Jane, Haffner, Steven M., Montez, Maria G., Lorenzo, Carlos, Kahn, Steven E., Montgomery, Brenda, Knopp, Robert, Lipkin, Edward, Maciejewski, Matthew L., Trence, Dace, Barrett, Terry, Bartell, Joli, Greenberg, Diane, Murillo, Anne, Richmond, Betty Ann, Thomas, April, Knowler, William C., Bolin, Paula, Killean, Tina, Manus, Cathy, Krakoff, Jonathan, Curtis, Jeffrey M., Glass, Justin, Michaels, Sara, Bennett, Peter H., Morgan, Tina, Begay, Shandiin, Fallis, Bernadita, Hermes, Jeanette, Hollowbreast, Diane F., Johnson, Ruby, Meacham, Maria, Nelson, Julie, Percy, Carol, Poorthunder, Patricia, Sangster, Sandra, Scurlock, Nancy, Shovestull, Leigh A., Smiley, Janelia, Toledo, Katie, Tomchee, Christina, Tonemah, Darryl, Peters, Anne, Ruelas, Valerie, Sengardi, Siran Ghazarian, Graves, Kathryn, Serafin-Dokhan, Sara, Espeland, Mark A., Bahnson, Judy L., Wagenknecht, Lynne, Reboussin, David, Rejeski, W. Jack, Bertoni, Alain, Lang, Wei, Miller, Gary, Lefkowitz, David, Reynolds, Patrick S., Ribisl, Paul, Vitolins, Mara, Booth, Michael, Dotson, Kathy M., Hodges, Amelia, Williams, Carrie C., Barnes, Jerry M., Feeney, Patricia A., Griffin, Jason, Harvin, Lea, Herman, William, Hogan, Patricia, Jaramillo, Sarah, King, Mark, Lane, Kathy, Neiberg, Rebecca, Ruggiero, Andrea, Speas, Christian, Walkup, Michael P., Wall, Karen, Ward, Michelle, West, Delia S., Windham, Terri, Nevitt, Michael, Ewing, Susan, Hayashi, Cynthia, Maeda, Jason, Palermo, Lisa, Rahorst, Michaela, Schwartz, Ann, Shepherd, John, Marcovina, Santica M., Strylewicz, Greg, Prineas, Ronald J., Alexander, Teresa, Billings, Lisa, Campbell, Charles, Hall, Sharon, Hensley, Susan, Li, Yabing, Zhang, Zhu-Ming, Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J., Moran, Robert, Foushee, Richard, Hall, Nancy J., Harrison, Barbara, Hubbard, Van S., Yanovski, Susan Z., Cooper, Lawton S., Cutler, Jeffrey, Obarzanek, Eva, Gregg, Edward W., Williamson, David F., Zhang, Ping, Raynor, Hollie A., Anderson, Andrea M., Miller, Gary D., Reeves, Rebecca, Delahanty, Linda M., Vitolins, Mara Z., Harper, Patricia, Mobley, Connie, and Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth

Published
2015
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