59 results on '"Green AW"'
Search Results
2. Electricity, Water and Power Electronics - a Future with Hydrogen
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Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (1996: Dunedin, N.Z.), Green, AW, Johnston, MC, and Christian, J
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- 1996
3. Intelligent Road-studs - Lighting the Paths of the Future
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Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (1996: Dunedin, N.Z.), Boys, JT, and Green, AW
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- 1995
4. Inductively Coupled Power Transmission: - Concept, Design and Application
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IPENZ (1994: Nelson, N.Z.), Boys, JT, and Green, AW
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- 1994
5. A Computer Controlled Dynamometer for Ricardo E6 Research Engines
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IPENZ (1993 : Hamilton, N.Z.) and Green, AW
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- 1993
6. Voltage Sourced Reversible Rectifiers - Applications and Technology
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Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (1991: Auckland, New Zealand), Green, AW, and Boys, JT
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- 1991
7. Intelligent Road-studs - Lighting the Paths of the Future
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Boys, JT and Green, AW
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- 1997
8. Inductively Coupled Power Transmission - Concept, Design, and Application
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Green, AW and Boys, JT
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- 1995
9. The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Observing the environmental quenching of star formation in GAMA groups
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Schaefer, AL, Croom, SM, Scott, N, Brough, S, Allen, JT, Bekki, K, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, JV, Bryant, JJ, Cortese, L, Davies, LJM, Federrath, C, Fogarty, LMR, Green, AW, Groves, B, Hopkins, AM, Konstantopoulos, IS, López-Sánchez, AR, Lawrence, JS, McElroy, RE, Medling, AM, Owers, MS, Pracy, MB, Richards, SN, Robotham, ASG, Van De Sande, J, Tonini, C, Yi, SK, Schaefer, AL, Croom, SM, Scott, N, Brough, S, Allen, JT, Bekki, K, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, JV, Bryant, JJ, Cortese, L, Davies, LJM, Federrath, C, Fogarty, LMR, Green, AW, Groves, B, Hopkins, AM, Konstantopoulos, IS, López-Sánchez, AR, Lawrence, JS, McElroy, RE, Medling, AM, Owers, MS, Pracy, MB, Richards, SN, Robotham, ASG, Van De Sande, J, Tonini, C, and Yi, SK
- Abstract
We explore the radial distribution of star formation in galaxies in the SAMI Galaxy Survey as a function of their Local Group environment. Using a sample of galaxies in groups (with halo masses less than ≃ 1014M⊙) from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly Survey, we find signatures of environmental quenching in high-mass groups (MG ≥ 1012.5M⊙). The mean integrated specific star formation rate (sSFR) of star-forming galaxies in high-mass groups is lower than for galaxies in low-mass groups or those that are ungrouped, with Δlog(sSFR/yr-1) = 0.45 ± 0.07. This difference is seen at all galaxy stellar masses. In high-mass groups, starforming galaxies more massive than M∗ ∼ 1010M⊙ have centrally concentrated star formation. These galaxies also lie below the star formation main sequence, which suggests they may be undergoing outside-in quenching. Lower mass galaxies in high-mass groups do not show evidence of concentrated star formation. In groups less massive than MG = 1012.5M⊙, we do not observe these trends. In this regime, we find a modest correlation between centrally concentrated star formation and an enhancement in the total star formation rate, consistent with triggered star formation in these galaxies.
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- 2019
10. The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Spatially resolving the environmental quenching of star formation in GAMA galaxies
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Schaefer, AL, Croom, SM, Allen, JT, Brough, S, Medling, AM, Ho, IT, Scott, N, Richards, SN, Pracy, MB, Gunawardhana, MLP, Norberg, P, Alpaslan, M, Bauer, AE, Bekki, K, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, JV, Bryant, JJ, Couch, WJ, Driver, SP, Fogarty, LMR, Foster, C, Goldstein, G, Green, AW, Hopkins, AM, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, López-Sánchez, AR, Lorente, NPF, Owers, MS, Sharp, R, Sweet, SM, Taylor, EN, van de Sande, J, Walcher, CJ, Wong, OI, Schaefer, AL, Croom, SM, Allen, JT, Brough, S, Medling, AM, Ho, IT, Scott, N, Richards, SN, Pracy, MB, Gunawardhana, MLP, Norberg, P, Alpaslan, M, Bauer, AE, Bekki, K, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, JV, Bryant, JJ, Couch, WJ, Driver, SP, Fogarty, LMR, Foster, C, Goldstein, G, Green, AW, Hopkins, AM, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, López-Sánchez, AR, Lorente, NPF, Owers, MS, Sharp, R, Sweet, SM, Taylor, EN, van de Sande, J, Walcher, CJ, and Wong, OI
- Abstract
We use data from the Sydney-AAO Multi-Object Integral Field Spectrograph Galaxy Survey and the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey to investigate the spatially resolved signatures of the environmental quenching of star formation in galaxies. Using dust-corrected measurements of the distribution of Ha emission, we measure the radial profiles of star formation in a sample of 201 star-forming galaxies covering three orders of magnitude in stellar mass (M*; 108.1-1010.95M⊙) and in fifth nearest neighbour local environment density (∑5; 10-1.3-102.1 Mpc-2). We show that star formation rate gradients in galaxies are steeper in dense (log10(∑5/Mpc2) > 0.5) environments by 0.58 ± 0.29 dex re-1 in galaxies with stellar masses in the range 1010 < M*/M⊙ < 1011 and that this steepening is accompanied by a reduction in the integrated star formation rate. However, for any given stellar mass or environment density, the star formation morphology of galaxies shows large scatter. We also measure the degree to which the star formation is centrally concentrated using the unitless scale-radius ratio (r50,Hα/r50,cont), which compares the extent of ongoing star formation to previous star formation. With this metric, we find that the fraction of galaxies with centrally concentrated star formation increases with environment density, from ~5 ± 4 per cent in low-density environments (log10(∑5/Mpc2) < 0.0) to 30 ± 15 per cent in the highest density environments (log10(∑5/Mpc2) > 1.0). These lines of evidence strongly suggest that with increasing local environment density, the star formation in galaxies is suppressed, and that this starts in their outskirts such that quenching occurs in an outside-in fashion in dense environments and is not instantaneous.
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- 2017
11. The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Asymmetry in gas kinematics and its links to stellar mass and star formation
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Bloom, JV, Fogarty, LMR, Croom, SM, Schaefer, A, Bryant, JJ, Cortese, L, Richards, S, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Ho, IT, Scott, N, Goldstein, G, Medling, A, Brough, S, Sweet, SM, Cecil, G, López-Sánchez, A, Glazebrook, K, Parker, Q, Allen, JT, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Lorente, N, Owers, MS, Sharp, R, Bloom, JV, Fogarty, LMR, Croom, SM, Schaefer, A, Bryant, JJ, Cortese, L, Richards, S, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Ho, IT, Scott, N, Goldstein, G, Medling, A, Brough, S, Sweet, SM, Cecil, G, López-Sánchez, A, Glazebrook, K, Parker, Q, Allen, JT, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Lorente, N, Owers, MS, and Sharp, R
- Abstract
We study the properties of kinematically disturbed galaxies in the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field spectrograph (SAMI) Galaxy Survey using a quantitative criterion, based on kinemetry (Krajnović et al.). The approach, similar to the application of kinemetry by Shapiro et al., uses ionized gas kinematics, probed by Ha emission. By this method, 23 ± 7 per cent of our 360-galaxy sub-sample of the SAMI Galaxy Survey are kinematically asymmetric. Visual classifications agree with our kinemetric results for 90 per cent of asymmetric and 95 per cent of normal galaxies.We find that stellar mass and kinematic asymmetry are inversely correlated and that kinematic asymmetry is both more frequent and stronger in low-mass galaxies. This builds on previous studies that found high fractions of kinematic asymmetry in low-mass galaxies using a variety of different methods. Concentration of star formation and kinematic disturbance are found to be correlated, confirming results found in previous work. This effect is stronger for high-mass galaxies (log(M*) > 10) and indicates that kinematic disturbance is linked to centrally concentrated star formation. Comparison of the inner (within 0.5Re) and outer Ha equivalent widths of asymmetric and normal galaxies shows a small but significant increase in inner equivalent width for asymmetric galaxies.
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- 2017
12. The SAMI Galaxy Survey: The cluster redshift survey, target selection and cluster properties
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Owers, MS, Allen, JT, Baldry, I, Bryant, JJ, Cecil, GN, Cortese, L, Croom, SM, Driver, SP, Fogarty, LMR, Green, AW, Helmich, E, de Jong, JTA, Kuijken, K, Mahajan, S, McFarland, J, Pracy, MB, Robotham, AGS, Sikkema, G, Sweet, S, Taylor, EN, Verdoes Kleijn, G, Bauer, AE, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Brough, S, Colless, M, Couch, WJ, Davies, RL, Drinkwater, MJ, Goodwin, M, Hopkins, AM, Konstantopoulos, IS, Foster, C, Lawrence, JS, Lorente, NPF, Medling, AM, Metcalfe, N, Richards, SN, van de Sande, J, Scott, N, Shanks, T, Sharp, R, Thomas, AD, Tonini, C, Owers, MS, Allen, JT, Baldry, I, Bryant, JJ, Cecil, GN, Cortese, L, Croom, SM, Driver, SP, Fogarty, LMR, Green, AW, Helmich, E, de Jong, JTA, Kuijken, K, Mahajan, S, McFarland, J, Pracy, MB, Robotham, AGS, Sikkema, G, Sweet, S, Taylor, EN, Verdoes Kleijn, G, Bauer, AE, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Brough, S, Colless, M, Couch, WJ, Davies, RL, Drinkwater, MJ, Goodwin, M, Hopkins, AM, Konstantopoulos, IS, Foster, C, Lawrence, JS, Lorente, NPF, Medling, AM, Metcalfe, N, Richards, SN, van de Sande, J, Scott, N, Shanks, T, Sharp, R, Thomas, AD, and Tonini, C
- Abstract
We describe the selection of galaxies targeted in eight low-redshift clusters (APMCC0917, A168, A4038, EDCC442, A3880, A2399, A119 and A85; 0.029 < z < 0.058) as part of the Sydney-AAO Multi-Object Integral field spectrograph Galaxy Survey (SAMI-GS). We have conducted a redshift survey of these clusters using the AAOmega multi-object spectrograph on the 3.9-m Anglo-Australian Telescope. The redshift survey is used to determine cluster membership and to characterize the dynamical properties of the clusters. In combination with existing data, the survey resulted in 21 257 reliable redshift measurements and 2899 confirmed cluster member galaxies. Our redshift catalogue has a high spectroscopic completeness (~94 per cent) for rpetro ≤ 19.4 and cluster-centric distances R < 2R200. We use the confirmed cluster member positions and redshifts to determine cluster velocity dispersion, R200, virial and caustic masses, as well as cluster structure. The clusters have virial masses 14.25 ≤ log(M200/M·) ≤ 15.19. The cluster sample exhibits a range of dynamical states, from relatively relaxed-appearing systems, to clusters with strong indications of merger-related substructure. Aperture- and point spread function matched photometry are derived from Sloan Digital Sky Survey and VLT Survey Telescope/ATLAS imaging and used to estimate stellar masses. These estimates, in combination with the redshifts, are used to define the input target catalogue for the cluster portion of the SAMI-GS. The primary SAMI-GS cluster targets have R
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- 2017
13. The SAMI Galaxy Survey: The link between angular momentum and optical morphology
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Cortese, L, Fogarty, LMR, Bekki, K, van de Sande, J, Couch, W, Catinella, B, Colless, M, Obreschkow, D, Taranu, D, Tescari, E, Barat, D, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, J, Bryant, JJ, Cluver, M, Croom, SM, Drinkwater, MJ, d'Eugenio, F, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lopez-Sanchez, A, Mahajan, S, Scott, N, Tonini, C, Wong, OI, Allen, JT, Brough, S, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Ho, IT, Kelvin, LS, Lawrence, JS, Lorente, NPF, Medling, AM, Owers, MS, Richards, S, Sharp, R, Sweet, SM, Cortese, L, Fogarty, LMR, Bekki, K, van de Sande, J, Couch, W, Catinella, B, Colless, M, Obreschkow, D, Taranu, D, Tescari, E, Barat, D, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, J, Bryant, JJ, Cluver, M, Croom, SM, Drinkwater, MJ, d'Eugenio, F, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lopez-Sanchez, A, Mahajan, S, Scott, N, Tonini, C, Wong, OI, Allen, JT, Brough, S, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Ho, IT, Kelvin, LS, Lawrence, JS, Lorente, NPF, Medling, AM, Owers, MS, Richards, S, Sharp, R, and Sweet, SM
- Abstract
We investigate the relationship between stellar and gas specific angular momentum j, stellar massM* and optical morphology for a sample of 488 galaxies extracted from the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field Galaxy Survey.We find that j, measured within one effective radius, monotonically increases with M* and that, for M* > 109.5 M⊙, the scatter in this relation strongly correlates with optical morphology (i.e. visual classification and Sérsic index). These findings confirm that massive galaxies of all types lie on a plane relating mass, angular momentum and stellar-light distribution, and suggest that the large-scale morphology of a galaxy is regulated by its mass and dynamical state. We show that the significant scatter in the M*-j relation is accounted for by the fact that, at fixed stellar mass, the contribution of ordered motions to the dynamical support of galaxies varies by at least a factor of 3. Indeed, the stellar spin parameter (quantified via λR) correlates strongly with Sérsic and concentration indices. This correlation is particularly strong once slow rotators are removed from the sample, showing that late-type galaxies and early-type fast rotators form a continuous class of objects in terms of their kinematic properties.
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- 2016
14. The SAMI galaxy survey: Can we trust aperture corrections to predict star formation?
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Richards, SN, Bryant, JJ, Croom, SM, Hopkins, AM, Schaefer, AL, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Allen, JT, Brough, S, Cecil, G, Cortese, L, Fogarty, LMR, Gunawardhana, MLP, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Ho, IT, Kewley, LJ, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Lorente, NPF, Medling, AM, Owers, MS, Sharp, R, Sweet, SM, Taylor, EN, Richards, SN, Bryant, JJ, Croom, SM, Hopkins, AM, Schaefer, AL, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Allen, JT, Brough, S, Cecil, G, Cortese, L, Fogarty, LMR, Gunawardhana, MLP, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Ho, IT, Kewley, LJ, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Lorente, NPF, Medling, AM, Owers, MS, Sharp, R, Sweet, SM, and Taylor, EN
- Abstract
In the low-redshift Universe (z < 0.3), our view of galaxy evolution is primarily based on fibre optic spectroscopy surveys. Elaborate methods have been developed to address aperture effects when fixed aperture sizes only probe the inner regions for galaxies of ever decreasing redshift or increasing physical size. These aperture corrections rely on assumptions about the physical properties of galaxies. The adequacy of these aperture corrections can be tested with integralfield spectroscopic data. We use integral-field spectra drawn from 1212 galaxies observed as part of the SAMI Galaxy Survey to investigate the validity of two aperture correction methods that attempt to estimate a galaxy's total instantaneous star formation rate.We show that biases arise when assuming that instantaneous star formation is traced by broad-band imaging, and when the aperture correction is built only from spectra of the nuclear region of galaxies. These biases may be significant depending on the selection criteria of a survey sample. Understanding the sensitivities of these aperture corrections is essential for correct handling of systematic errors in galaxy evolution studies.
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- 2016
15. The SAMI Pilot Survey: Stellar kinematics of galaxies in Abell 85, 168 and 2399
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Fogarty, LMR, Scott, N, Owers, MS, Croom, SM, Bekki, K, Houghton, RCW, van de Sande, J, D'Eugenio, F, Cecil, GN, Colless, MM, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Brough, S, Cortese, L, Davies, RL, Jones, DH, Pracy, M, Allen, JT, Bryant, JJ, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Lorente, NPF, Richards, S, Sharp, RG, Fogarty, LMR, Scott, N, Owers, MS, Croom, SM, Bekki, K, Houghton, RCW, van de Sande, J, D'Eugenio, F, Cecil, GN, Colless, MM, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Brough, S, Cortese, L, Davies, RL, Jones, DH, Pracy, M, Allen, JT, Bryant, JJ, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Lorente, NPF, Richards, S, and Sharp, RG
- Abstract
We present the SAMI Pilot Survey, consisting of integral field spectroscopy of 106 galaxies across three galaxy clusters, Abell 85, Abell 168 and Abell 2399. The galaxies were selected by absolute magnitude to have Mr < -20.25 mag. The survey, using the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field spectrograph (SAMI), comprises observations of galaxies of all morphological types with 75 per cent of the sample being early-type galaxies (ETGs) and 25 per cent being late-type galaxies (LTGs). Stellar velocity and velocity dispersion maps are derived for all 106 galaxies in the sample. The λR parameter, a proxy for the specific stellar angular momentum, is calculated for each galaxy in the sample. We find a trend between λR and galaxy concentration such that LTGs are less concentrated higher angular momentum systems, with the fast-rotating ETGs (FRs) more concentrated and lower in angular momentum. This suggests that some dynamical processes are involved in transforming LTGs to FRs, though a significant overlap between the λR distributions of these classes of galaxies implies that this is just one piece of a more complicated picture. We measure the kinematic misalignment angle, ψ, for the ETGs in the sample, to probe the intrinsic shapes of the galaxies. We find the majority of FRs (83 per cent) to be aligned, consistent with them being oblate spheroids (i.e. discs). The slow rotating ETGs (SRs), on the other hand, are significantly more likely to show kinematic misalignment (only 38 per cent are aligned). This confirms previous results that SRs are likely to be mildly triaxial systems.
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- 2015
16. The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Early Data Release
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Allen, JT, Croom, SM, Konstantopoulos, IS, Bryant, JJ, Sharp, R, Cecil, GN, Fogarty, LMR, Foster, C, Green, AW, Ho, IT, Owers, MS, Schaefer, AL, Scott, N, Bauer, AE, Baldry, I, Barnes, LA, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, JV, Brough, S, Colless, M, Cortese, L, Couch, WJ, Drinkwater, MJ, Driver, SP, Goodwin, M, Gunawardhana, MLP, Hampton, EJ, Hopkins, AM, Kewley, LJ, Lawrence, JS, Leon-Saval, SG, Liske, J, López-Sánchez, R, Lorente, NPF, McElroy, R, Medling, AM, Mould, J, Norberg, P, Parker, QA, Power, C, Pracy, MB, Richards, SN, Robotham, ASG, Sweet, SM, Taylor, EN, Thomas, AD, Tonini, C, Walcher, CJ, Allen, JT, Croom, SM, Konstantopoulos, IS, Bryant, JJ, Sharp, R, Cecil, GN, Fogarty, LMR, Foster, C, Green, AW, Ho, IT, Owers, MS, Schaefer, AL, Scott, N, Bauer, AE, Baldry, I, Barnes, LA, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, JV, Brough, S, Colless, M, Cortese, L, Couch, WJ, Drinkwater, MJ, Driver, SP, Goodwin, M, Gunawardhana, MLP, Hampton, EJ, Hopkins, AM, Kewley, LJ, Lawrence, JS, Leon-Saval, SG, Liske, J, López-Sánchez, R, Lorente, NPF, McElroy, R, Medling, AM, Mould, J, Norberg, P, Parker, QA, Power, C, Pracy, MB, Richards, SN, Robotham, ASG, Sweet, SM, Taylor, EN, Thomas, AD, Tonini, C, and Walcher, CJ
- Abstract
We present the Early Data Release of the Sydney-AAOMulti-object Integral field spectrograph (SAMI) Galaxy Survey. The SAMI Galaxy Survey is an ongoing integral field spectroscopic survey of ~3400 low-redshift (z < 0.12) galaxies, covering galaxies in the field and in groups within the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey regions, and a sample of galaxies in clusters. In the Early Data Release, we publicly release the fully calibrated data cubes for a representative selection of 107 galaxies drawn from the GAMA regions, along with information about these galaxies from the GAMA catalogues. All data cubes for the Early Data Release galaxies can be downloaded individually or as a set from the SAMI Galaxy Survey website. In this paper we also assess the quality of the pipeline used to reduce the SAMI data, giving metrics that quantify its performance at all stages in processing the raw data into calibrated data cubes. The pipeline gives excellent results throughout, with typical sky subtraction residuals in the continuum of 0.9-1.2 per cent, a relative flux calibration uncertainty of 4.1 per cent (systematic) plus 4.3 per cent (statistical), and atmospheric dispersion removed with an accuracy of 0.09 arcsec, less than a fifth of a spaxel.
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- 2015
17. The SAMI Pilot Survey: The fundamental and mass planes in three low-redshift clusters
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Scott, N, Fogarty, LMR, Owers, MS, Croom, SM, Colless, M, Davies, RL, Brough, S, Michael, BP, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Heath Jones, D, Allen, JT, Bryant, JJ, Cortese, L, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Richards, S, Sharp, R, Scott, N, Fogarty, LMR, Owers, MS, Croom, SM, Colless, M, Davies, RL, Brough, S, Michael, BP, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Heath Jones, D, Allen, JT, Bryant, JJ, Cortese, L, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Richards, S, and Sharp, R
- Abstract
Using new integral field observations of 106 galaxies in three nearby clusters, we investigate how the intrinsic scatter of the Fundamental Plane depends on the way in which the velocity dispersion and effective radius are measured. Our spatially resolved spectroscopy, combined with a cluster sample with negligible relative distance errors, allows us to derive a Fundamental Plane with minimal systematic uncertainties. From the apertures we tested, we find that velocity dispersions measured within a circular aperture with radius equal to one effective radius minimizes the intrinsic scatter of the Fundamental Plane. Using simple yet powerful Jeans dynamical models, we determine dynamical masses for our galaxies. Replacing luminosity in the Fundamental Plane with dynamical mass, we demonstrate that the resulting Mass Plane has further reduced scatter, consistent with zero intrinsic scatter. Using these dynamical models, we also find evidence for a possibly non-linear relationship between dynamical mass-to-light ratio and velocity dispersion.
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- 2015
18. The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Cubism and covariance, putting round pegs into square holes
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Sharp, R, Allen, JT, Fogarty, LMR, Croom, SM, Cortese, L, Green, AW, Nielsen, J, Richards, SN, Scott, N, Taylor, EN, Barnes, LA, Bauer, AE, Birchall, M, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, JV, Brough, S, Bryant, JJ, Cecil, GN, Colless, M, Couch, WJ, Drinkwater, MJ, Driver, S, Foster, C, Goodwin, M, Gunawardhana, MLP, Ho, IT, Hampton, EJ, Hopkins, AM, Jones, H, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Leslie, SK, Lewis, GF, Liske, J, López-Sánchez, R, Lorente, NPF, McElroy, R, Medling, AM, Mahajan, S, Mould, J, Parker, Q, Pracy, MB, Obreschkow, D, Owers, MS, Schaefer, AL, Sweet, SM, Thomas, AD, Tonini, C, Walcher, CJ, Sharp, R, Allen, JT, Fogarty, LMR, Croom, SM, Cortese, L, Green, AW, Nielsen, J, Richards, SN, Scott, N, Taylor, EN, Barnes, LA, Bauer, AE, Birchall, M, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, JV, Brough, S, Bryant, JJ, Cecil, GN, Colless, M, Couch, WJ, Drinkwater, MJ, Driver, S, Foster, C, Goodwin, M, Gunawardhana, MLP, Ho, IT, Hampton, EJ, Hopkins, AM, Jones, H, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Leslie, SK, Lewis, GF, Liske, J, López-Sánchez, R, Lorente, NPF, McElroy, R, Medling, AM, Mahajan, S, Mould, J, Parker, Q, Pracy, MB, Obreschkow, D, Owers, MS, Schaefer, AL, Sweet, SM, Thomas, AD, Tonini, C, and Walcher, CJ
- Abstract
We present a methodology for the regularization and combination of sparse sampled and irregularly gridded observations from fibre-optic multiobject integral field spectroscopy. The approach minimizes interpolation and retains image resolution on combining subpixel dithered data. We discuss the methodology in the context of the Sydney-AAO multiobject integral field spectrograph (SAMI) Galaxy Survey underway at the Anglo-Australian Telescope. The SAMI instrument uses 13 fibre bundles to perform high-multiplex integral field spectroscopy across a 1° diameter field of view. The SAMI Galaxy Survey is targeting ~3000 galaxies drawn from the full range of galaxy environments. We demonstrate the subcritical sampling of the seeing and incomplete fill factor for the integral field bundles results in only a 10 per cent degradation in the final image resolution recovered. We also implement a new methodology for tracking covariance between elements of the resulting data cubes which retains 90 per cent of the covariance information while incurring only a modest increase in the survey data volume.
- Published
- 2015
19. The SAMI galaxy survey: The discovery of a luminous, low-metallicity HII complex in the dwarf galaxy GAMA J141103.98-003242.3
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Richards, SN, Schaefer, AL, López-Sánchez, AR, Croom, SM, Bryant, JJ, Sweet, SM, Konstantopoulos, IS, Allen, JT, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, JV, Brough, S, Fogarty, LMR, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Ho, IT, Kewley, LJ, Koribalski, BS, Lawrence, JS, Owers, MS, Sadler, EM, Sharp, R, Richards, SN, Schaefer, AL, López-Sánchez, AR, Croom, SM, Bryant, JJ, Sweet, SM, Konstantopoulos, IS, Allen, JT, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Bloom, JV, Brough, S, Fogarty, LMR, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Ho, IT, Kewley, LJ, Koribalski, BS, Lawrence, JS, Owers, MS, Sadler, EM, and Sharp, R
- Abstract
We present the discovery of a luminous unresolved HII complex on the edge of dwarf galaxy GAMA J141103.98-003242.3 using data from the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral field spectrograph (SAMI) Galaxy Survey. This dwarf galaxy is situated at a distance of ~100 Mpc and contains an unresolved region of HII emission that contributes ~70 per cent of the galaxy's Hα luminosity, located at the top end of established HII region luminosity functions. For the HII complex, we measure a star formation rate of 0.147 ± 0.041 M⊙ yr-1and a metallicity of 12+log(O/H) = 8.01 ± 0.05 that is lower than the rest of the galaxy by ~0.2 dex. Data from the HI Parkes All-Sky Survey (HIPASS) indicate the likely presence of neutral hydrogen in the galaxy to potentially fuel ongoing and future star-forming events. We discuss various triggering mechanisms for the intense star formation activity of this HII complex, where the kinematics of the ionized gas are well described by a rotating disc and do not show any features indicative of interactions. We showthat SAMI is an ideal instrument to identify similar systems to GAMA J141103.98-003242.3, and the SAMI Galaxy Survey is likely to find many more of these systems to aid in the understanding of their formation and evolution.
- Published
- 2014
20. The SAMI pilot survey: The kinematic morphology-density relation in Abell 85, Abell 168 and Abell 2399
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Fogarty, LMR, Scott, N, Owers, MS, Brough, S, Croom, SM, Pracy, MB, Houghton, RCW, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Colless, M, Davies, RL, Heath Jones, D, Allen, JT, Bryant, JJ, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Richards, S, Cortese, L, Sharp, R, Fogarty, LMR, Scott, N, Owers, MS, Brough, S, Croom, SM, Pracy, MB, Houghton, RCW, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Colless, M, Davies, RL, Heath Jones, D, Allen, JT, Bryant, JJ, Goodwin, M, Green, AW, Konstantopoulos, IS, Lawrence, JS, Richards, S, Cortese, L, and Sharp, R
- Abstract
We examine the kinematic morphology of early-type galaxies (ETGs) in three galaxy clusters Abell 85, 168 and 2399. Using data from the Sydney-AAOMulti-object Integral field spectrograph we measure spatially resolved kinematics for 79 ETGs in these clusters. We calculate λR, a proxy for the projected specific stellar angular momentum, for each galaxy and classify the 79 ETGs in our samples as fast or slow rotators. We calculate the fraction of slow rotators in the ETG populations (fSR) of the clusters to be 0.21 ± 0.08, 0.08 ± 0.08 and 0.12 ± 0.06 for Abell 85, 168 and 2399, respectively, with an overall fraction of 0.15 ± 0.04. These numbers are broadly consistent with the values found in the literature, confirming recent work asserting that the fraction of slow rotators in the ETG population is constant across many orders of magnitude in global environment. We examine the distribution of kinematic classes in each cluster as a function of environment using the projected density of galaxies: the kinematic morphology-density relation.We find that in Abell 85 fSR increases in higher density regions but in Abell 168 and 2399 this trend is not seen. We examine the differences between the individual clusters to explain this. In addition, we find slow rotators on the outskirts of two of the clusters studied, Abell 85 and 2399. These galaxies reside in intermediate to low density regions and have clearly not formed at the centre of a cluster environment. We hypothesize that they formed at the centres of groups and are falling into the clusters for the first time. © 2014 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.
- Published
- 2014
21. First science with SAMI: A serendipitously discovered galactic wind in ESO 185-G031
- Author
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Fogarty, LMR, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Croom, SM, Green, AW, Bryant, JJ, Lawrence, JS, Richards, S, Allen, JT, Bauer, AE, Birchall, MN, Brough, S, Colless, M, Ellis, SC, Farrell, T, Goodwin, M, Heald, R, Hopkins, AM, Horton, A, Jones, DH, Lee, S, Lewis, G, López-Sánchez, AR, Miziarski, S, Trowland, H, Leon-Saval, SG, Min, SS, Trinh, C, Cecil, G, Veilleux, S, Kreimeyer, K, Fogarty, LMR, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Croom, SM, Green, AW, Bryant, JJ, Lawrence, JS, Richards, S, Allen, JT, Bauer, AE, Birchall, MN, Brough, S, Colless, M, Ellis, SC, Farrell, T, Goodwin, M, Heald, R, Hopkins, AM, Horton, A, Jones, DH, Lee, S, Lewis, G, López-Sánchez, AR, Miziarski, S, Trowland, H, Leon-Saval, SG, Min, SS, Trinh, C, Cecil, G, Veilleux, S, and Kreimeyer, K
- Abstract
We present the first scientific results from the Sydney-AAO Multi-Object IFS (SAMI) at the Anglo-Australian Telescope. This unique instrument deploys 13 fused fiber bundles (hexabundles) across a one-degree field of view allowing simultaneous spatially resolved spectroscopy of 13 galaxies. During the first SAMI commissioning run, targeting a single galaxy field, one object (ESO 185-G031) was found to have extended minor axis emission with ionization and kinematic properties consistent with a large-scale galactic wind. The importance of this result is twofold: (1) fiber bundle spectrographs are able to identify low surface brightness emission arising from extranuclear activity and (2) such activity may be more common than presently assumed because conventional multi-object spectrographs use single-aperture fibers and spectra from these are nearly always dominated by nuclear emission. These early results demonstrate the extraordinary potential of multi-object hexabundle spectroscopy in future galaxy surveys. © 2012. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved..
- Published
- 2012
22. Effects of Nano-Electrospray Ionization Emitter Position on Unintentional In-Source Activation of Peptide and Protein Ions.
- Author
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Shepherd SO, Green AW, Resendiz ES, Newton KR, Kurulugama RT, and Prell JS
- Subjects
- Ions, Serum Albumin, Bovine, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization methods, Peptides chemistry
- Abstract
Native ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) typically introduces protein ions into the gas phase through nano-electrospray ionization (nESI). Many nESI setups have mobile stages for tuning the ion signal and extent of co-solute and salt adduction. However, tuning the position of the emitter capillary in nESI can have unintended downstream consequences for collision-induced unfolding or collision-induced dissociation (CIU/D) experiments. Here, we show that relatively small variations in the nESI emitter position can shift the midpoint (commonly called the "CID50" or "CIU50") potential of CID breakdown curves and CIU transitions by as much as 8 V on commercial instruments. A spatial "map" of the shift in CID50 for the loss of heme from holomyoglobin onto the emitter position on a Waters Synapt G2-S i mass spectrometer shows that emitter positions closer to the instrument inlet can result in significantly greater in-source activation, whereas different effects are found on an Agilent 6545XT instrument for the ions studied. A similar effect is observed for CID of the singly protonated leucine enkephalin peptide and Shiga toxin 1 subunit B homopentamer on the Waters Synapt G2-S i instrument. In-source activation effects on a Waters Synapt G2-S i are also investigated by examining the RMSD between CIU fingerprints acquired at different emitter positions and the shifts in CIU50 for structural transitions of bovine serum albumin and NIST monoclonal antibody.
- Published
- 2024
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23. Landscape-scale conservation mitigates the biodiversity loss of grassland birds.
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Pavlacky DC Jr, Green AW, George TL, Iovanna R, Bartuszevige AM, Correll MD, Panjabi AO, and Ryder TB
- Subjects
- Animals, Biodiversity, Birds physiology, Conservation of Natural Resources, Population Dynamics, Ecosystem, Grassland
- Abstract
The decline of biodiversity from anthropogenic landscape modification is among the most pressing conservation problems worldwide. In North America, long-term population declines have elevated the recovery of the grassland avifauna to among the highest conservationpriorities. Because the vast majority of grasslands of the Great Plains are privately owned, the recovery of these ecosystems and bird populations within them depend on landscape-scale conservation strategies that integrate social, economic, and biodiversity objectives. The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is a voluntary program for private agricultural producers administered by the United States Department of Agriculture that provides financial incentives to take cropland out of production and restore perennial grassland. We investigated spatial patterns of grassland availability and restoration to inform landscape-scale conservation for a comprehensive community of grassland birds in the Great Plains. The research objectives were to (1) determine how apparent habitat loss has affected spatial patterns of grassland bird biodiversity, (2) evaluate the effectiveness of CRP for offsetting the biodiversity declines of grassland birds, and (3) develop spatially explicit predictions to estimate the biodiversity benefit of adding CRP to landscapes impacted by habitat loss. We used the Integrated Monitoring in Bird Conservation Regions program to evaluate hypotheses for the effects of habitat loss and restoration on both the occupancy and species richness of grassland specialists within a continuum-modeling framework. We found the odds of community occupancy declined by 37% for every 1 SD decrease in grassland availability [log
e (km2 )] and increased by 20% for every 1 SD increase in CRP land cover [loge (km2 )]. There was 17% turnover in species composition between intact grasslands and CRP landscapes, suggesting that grasslands restored by CRP retained considerable, but incomplete, representation of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. Spatially explicit predictions indicated that absolute conservation outcomes were greatest at high latitudes in regions with high biodiversity, whereas the relative outcomes were greater at low latitudes in highly modified landscapes. By evaluating community-wide responses to landscape modification and CRP restoration at bioregional scales, our study fills key information gaps for developing collaborative strategies, and for balancing conservation of avian biodiversity and social well-being in the agricultural production landscapes of the Great Plains., (© 2022 The Ecological Society of America.)- Published
- 2022
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24. A dynamic multi-scale occupancy model to estimate temporal dynamics and hierarchical habitat use for nomadic species.
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Green AW, Pavlacky DC Jr, and George TL
- Abstract
Distribution models are increasingly being used to understand how landscape and climatic changes are affecting the processes driving spatial and temporal distributions of plants and animals. However, many modeling efforts ignore the dynamic processes that drive distributional patterns at different scales, which may result in misleading inference about the factors influencing species distributions. Current occupancy models allow estimation of occupancy at different scales and, separately, estimation of immigration and emigration. However, joint estimation of local extinction, colonization, and occupancy within a multi-scale model is currently unpublished. We extended multi-scale models to account for the dynamic processes governing species distributions, while concurrently modeling local-scale availability. We fit the model to data for lark buntings and chestnut-collared longspurs in the Great Plains, USA, collected under the Integrated Monitoring in Bird Conservation Regions program. We investigate how the amount of grassland and shrubland and annual vegetation conditions affect bird occupancy dynamics and local vegetation structure affects fine-scale occupancy. Buntings were prevalent and longspurs rare in our study area, but both species were locally prevalent when present. Buntings colonized sites with preferred habitat configurations, longspurs colonized a wider range of landscape conditions, and site persistence of both was higher at sites with greener vegetation. Turnover rates were high for both species, quantifying the nomadic behavior of the species. Our model allows researchers to jointly investigate temporal dynamics of species distributions and hierarchical habitat use. Our results indicate that grassland birds respond to different covariates at landscape and local scales suggesting different conservation goals at each scale. High turnover rates of these species highlight the need to account for the dynamics of nomadic species, and our model can help inform how to coordinate management efforts to provide appropriate habitat configurations at the landscape scale and provide habitat targets for local managers.
- Published
- 2019
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25. Correction: Using Bayesian Population Viability Analysis to Define Relevant Conservation Objectives.
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Green AW and Bailey LL
- Published
- 2016
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26. Using Bayesian Population Viability Analysis to Define Relevant Conservation Objectives.
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Green AW and Bailey LL
- Subjects
- Adaptation, Physiological, Algorithms, Animals, Computer Simulation, Conservation of Natural Resources statistics & numerical data, Logistic Models, Metamorphosis, Biological, Population Density, Population Dynamics, Ranidae growth & development, Uncertainty, Bayes Theorem, Conservation of Natural Resources methods, Ecosystem, Models, Theoretical
- Abstract
Adaptive management provides a useful framework for managing natural resources in the face of uncertainty. An important component of adaptive management is identifying clear, measurable conservation objectives that reflect the desired outcomes of stakeholders. A common objective is to have a sustainable population, or metapopulation, but it can be difficult to quantify a threshold above which such a population is likely to persist. We performed a Bayesian metapopulation viability analysis (BMPVA) using a dynamic occupancy model to quantify the characteristics of two wood frog (Lithobates sylvatica) metapopulations resulting in sustainable populations, and we demonstrate how the results could be used to define meaningful objectives that serve as the basis of adaptive management. We explored scenarios involving metapopulations with different numbers of patches (pools) using estimates of breeding occurrence and successful metamorphosis from two study areas to estimate the probability of quasi-extinction and calculate the proportion of vernal pools producing metamorphs. Our results suggest that ≥50 pools are required to ensure long-term persistence with approximately 16% of pools producing metamorphs in stable metapopulations. We demonstrate one way to incorporate the BMPVA results into a utility function that balances the trade-offs between ecological and financial objectives, which can be used in an adaptive management framework to make optimal, transparent decisions. Our approach provides a framework for using a standard method (i.e., PVA) and available information to inform a formal decision process to determine optimal and timely management policies.
- Published
- 2015
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27. Venous uptake despite negative aspiration during fluoroscopically guided interlaminar cervical epidural steroid injections.
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Green AW and Drummond S
- Subjects
- Cervical Vertebrae, Chronic Pain drug therapy, Chronic Pain etiology, Female, Humans, Intervertebral Disc Degeneration complications, Methylprednisolone administration & dosage, Methylprednisolone Acetate, Middle Aged, Neck Pain etiology, Radiography, Interventional, Suction, Veins, Anti-Inflammatory Agents administration & dosage, Injections, Epidural adverse effects, Methylprednisolone analogs & derivatives, Neck Pain drug therapy
- Published
- 2014
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28. In lasting tribute: Elliot F. Ellis, MD, 1929-2014.
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Green AW, Goldstein S, Szefler SJ, Wanderer A, and Weinberger M
- Subjects
- History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Humans, Portraits as Topic, Allergy and Immunology history
- Published
- 2014
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29. Importance of axial migration of spinal cord stimulation trial leads with position.
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Kim CH, Green AW, Rodgers DE, Issa MA, and Ata MA
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Paresthesia etiology, Posture, Chronic Pain therapy, Spinal Cord Stimulation adverse effects, Spinal Cord Stimulation instrumentation, Spinal Cord Stimulation methods
- Abstract
Background: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an established treatment option for chronic pain. Prior to permanent implantation, temporary trials are performed to evaluate the SCS treatment. During the trial period, it is common for the patients to experience changes in paresthesias. However, it is unclear what the role of lead migration is, if any, in the changes in paresthesia., Objective: To evaluate the role of lead migration on the effect of postural stimulation changes during SCS trials., Study Design: Case series., Setting: University pain management center., Methods: X-rays of the patients with successful trials, in sitting and standing position, were obtained at the end of a 7 day SCS trial. Data were collected based on the need for adjustment of the stimulation settings due to changes in paresthesias with postural change of sitting versus standing., Results: The average lead migration was 3.05 mm inferiorly from a standing to sitting position for all subjects. The average migration was 2.85 mm in subjects requiring adjustment of the SCS setting due to change in paresthesia compared to 3.24 mm for those who did not require adjustment regardless of position. The results were insignificant based on P = 0.17., Limitations: Small sample size, case series., Conclusions: This case series demonstrates continued support for the role of the width of the cerebral spinal fluid space as the significant factor on paresthesia changes in SCS with respect to postural changes, even during the trial period.
- Published
- 2013
30. High star formation rates as the origin of turbulence in early and modern disk galaxies.
- Author
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Green AW, Glazebrook K, McGregor PJ, Abraham RG, Poole GB, Damjanov I, McCarthy PJ, Colless M, and Sharp RG
- Abstract
Observations of star formation and kinematics in early galaxies at high spatial and spectral resolution have shown that two-thirds are massive rotating disk galaxies, with the remainder being less massive non-rotating objects. The line-of-sight-averaged velocity dispersions are typically five times higher than in today's disk galaxies. This suggests that gravitationally unstable, gas-rich disks in the early Universe are fuelled by cold, dense accreting gas flowing along cosmic filaments and penetrating hot galactic gas halos. These accreting flows, however, have not been observed, and cosmic accretion cannot power the observed level of turbulence. Here we report observations of a sample of rare, high-velocity-dispersion disk galaxies in the nearby Universe where cold accretion is unlikely to drive their high star formation rates. We find that their velocity dispersions are correlated with their star formation rates, but not their masses or gas fractions, which suggests that star formation is the energetic driver of galaxy disk turbulence at all cosmic epochs.
- Published
- 2010
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31. Improving asthma management: one health plan's experience.
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Green AW and Foels TJ
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Asthma economics, Asthma epidemiology, Child, Emergency Medical Services statistics & numerical data, Guideline Adherence, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Humans, Insurance Claim Review, Managed Care Programs standards, New York epidemiology, Pediatrics methods, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Retrospective Studies, Sickness Impact Profile, State Health Plans, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States epidemiology, Asthma therapy, Managed Care Programs organization & administration, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Patient Participation psychology
- Abstract
Objective: To demonstrate that including the patient's perspective of disease control (patient-reported symptoms) in asthma treatment and management decisions improves patient outcomes and reduces healthcare resource utilization., Study Design: Two study phases gathered patients' assessments of disease control. Phase 1 used a retrospective physician questionnaire. Phase 2 used a patient questionnaire at each office visit. Physicians and patients were members of the Independent Health Association, a health insurer in upstate New York., Methods: Phase 1 gathered patients' assessment of asthma control retrospectively using a physician questionnaire. Physicians received a list of pediatric patients in their practice who had intermittent and persistent asthma as their primary diagnosis. They reviewed a sample of these actively managed patients and answered 10 questions about them. Phase 2 was designed to include the patient's perspective. The Asthma Control Test was sent to every patient with asthma to complete and to bring to each physician visit., Results: In phase 1, emergency department visits and hospitalizations for asthma decreased during the program. Emergency department visits decreased from 3.71 to 2.92 per year (P < .01), and hospitalizations decreased from 0.83 to 0.81 per year (not statistically significant). Results for phase 2 are not yet available., Conclusions: Although not a controlled program, for the participating practices the Independent Health Association health plan seems to have improved patient outcomes when they included retrospective, documented, patient-reported symptoms in their asthma management decisions. Emergency department visits and hospitalizations decreased. Managed care organizations should consider adding the patient's perspective of disease control to their asthma management decisions.
- Published
- 2007
32. New cathepsin d inhibitors with hydroxyethylamine isosteres: preparation and characterization.
- Author
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McConnell RM, Green AW, Trana CJ, McConnell MS, Lindley JF, Sayyar K, Godwin WE, and Hatfield SE
- Subjects
- Alzheimer Disease drug therapy, Alzheimer Disease pathology, Antineoplastic Agents chemical synthesis, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases antagonists & inhibitors, Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases metabolism, Carboxylic Acids chemistry, Cathepsin D metabolism, Esters chemistry, Ethylamines pharmacology, Extracellular Matrix metabolism, Female, HIV Protease Inhibitors chemical synthesis, HIV Protease Inhibitors pharmacology, HIV-1 drug effects, HIV-1 enzymology, Humans, Male, Neoplasms drug therapy, Neoplasms pathology, Piperazine, Piperazines chemistry, Protease Inhibitors pharmacology, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Cathepsin D antagonists & inhibitors, Ethylamines chemistry, Extracellular Matrix drug effects, Protease Inhibitors chemical synthesis
- Abstract
The lysosomal aspartyl protease, cathepsin D, has been suggested to play a role in the metastatic potential of several types of cancer. Cathepsin D is secreted by malignant cells, and is believed to be involved in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix. High levels of active cathepsin D have been found in colon cancer, prostate cancer, uterine cancer and ovarian cancer. Also cathepsin D has recently been associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease. Hydroxyethyl isosteres with cyclic tertiary amine have proven to be clinically useful as inhibitors of aspartyl proteases similar to cathepsin D in activity, such as the HIV-1 aspartyl protease. In the present study twenty-eight compounds containing (hydroxyethyl)amine isosteres with cyclic tertiary amines have been synthesized. These compounds show significant activity as cathepsin D inhibitors, many with IC(50) values in the nanomolar range. For example, the compounds that contain hydroxyethylamines where the amine is formed from N-piperazine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, 4y-bb, show IC(50) values ranging from 2.5 to 15 nM.
- Published
- 2006
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33. Mortality associated with odontogenic infection!
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Green AW, Flower EA, and New NE
- Subjects
- Adult, Fatal Outcome, Humans, Male, Focal Infection, Dental, Hemothorax etiology, Periapical Abscess complications, Streptococcal Infections complications
- Abstract
Odontogenic causes are the most common source for spreading maxillo-facial infections. These infections can develop into life threatening events. However a fatal outcome is fortunately rare and is generally associated with an immunocompromised status. This case report highlights a spreading maxillo-facial infection, which resulted in massive haemorrhage from the subclavian vein into the pleural cavity and subsequent death of a young fit male patient.
- Published
- 2001
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34. Evaluation of potential health effects of 10 kHz magnetic fields: a rodent reproductive study.
- Author
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Dawson BV, Robertson IG, Wilson WR, Zwi LJ, Boys JT, and Green AW
- Subjects
- Animals, Embryonic and Fetal Development, Estrus, Female, Litter Size, Male, Mice, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Weight Gain, Magnetics adverse effects, Reproduction
- Abstract
New technology involving the use of high-frequency inductive power distribution (HID) has recently been developed for use in materials handling and personnel transfer. Sinusoidal magnetic fields at a frequency of 10 kHz with field intensities of approximately 0.2 mT are generated directly between the current-carrying coils of this equipment. Effects of 10 kHz magnetic fields on cell division, migration, and differentiation have never been previously investigated. To evaluate potential effects on these parameters, a rodent reproductive study was undertaken using Wistar rats. Exposures were at 0.095, 0.24, and 0.95 mT with a background exposure of 5-10 microT. Three sets of parental rats were exposed continuously for 20-23.5 h/day to the fields: maternal rats during gestation, paternal rats for at least 45 days prior to mating and maternal rats 1 month prior to mating. Exposure phases thus covered spermatogenesis, maturation of the ovum and ovulation, fertilization, implantation, embryogenesis, organogenesis, and maturation of the fetus immediately prior to parturition. In all experiments pregnancy outcome was assessed. These studies failed to demonstrate any reproductive toxicity resulting from maternal or fetal exposure during gestation or following paternal or maternal exposure for several weeks prior to mating. No quantitative or qualitative effects on spermatogenesis occurred after exposure, and no effects on the estrous cycle or ovulation could be demonstrably linked to the 10 kHz magnetic field exposure at 0.095, 0.25, or 0.95 mT. Where possible, parental clinical chemistry and hematology were also examined. As in mouse toxicology studies previously reported, minor differences were observed between control and treated groups. These were regarded as statistically, but not biologically, significant and could not categorically be attributed to magnetic field exposure.
- Published
- 1998
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35. Fuzzy variable structure control.
- Author
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Li HX, Gatland HB, and Green AW
- Abstract
A new methodology is presented to improve the design and tuning of a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) using variable structure control (VSC) theory. A VSC-type rule base is constructed and the fundamentals of FLC explored quantitatively by VSC theory. A very concise mathematical expression for the FLC is presented, in which the Lyapunov stability criterion can be applied to guide the design and tuning. This results in a simpler and more systematic procedure. Application of the method to higher order systems is made straight forward by applying a hierarchical technique. The validity of the design methodology is demonstrated by simulation.
- Published
- 1997
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36. Placebo-controlled, double-blind study of the efficacy and safety of triamcinolone acetonide aerosol nasal inhaler in pediatric patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.
- Author
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Banov CH, Silvers WS, Green AW, van Bavel JH, Winder JA, Feiss G, Simpson B, Furst JA, and Smith JA
- Subjects
- Administration, Intranasal, Aerosols, Child, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Seasons, Triamcinolone Acetonide administration & dosage, Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal drug therapy, Triamcinolone Acetonide therapeutic use
- Abstract
Triamcinolone acetonide (TAA) aerosol nasal inhaler has been shown to effectively relieve the symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis in adults and adolescents. We conducted a study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-daily administration of TAA aerosol nasal inhaler in pediatric patients aged 6 to 11 years with grass seasonal allergic rhinitis. This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study enrolled 116 children who were treated with either TAA aerosol nasal inhaler (220 micrograms/d) or placebo once daily for 2 weeks. Patients evaluated the severity of rhinitis symptoms (nasal stuffiness, discharge, sneezing, and itching) daily according to a four-point scale (0 = absent, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, and 3 = severe). Patients' and physicians' global evaluations of overall treatment efficacy were assessed at the end of the 2-week treatment period. Patients treated with TAA aerosol nasal inhaler had significantly greater reductions in all nasal symptom scores overall and in virtually all symptoms at the end of week 1 and week 2 compared with those in the placebo group. Both patients' and physicians' global evaluations of efficacy favored TAA aerosol nasal inhaler over placebo. This study demonstrated that once-daily administration of 220 micrograms of TAA aerosol nasal inhaler was well tolerated and effectively reduced the symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis in pediatric patients.
- Published
- 1996
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37. Evaluation of potential health effects of 10 kHz magnetic fields: a short-term mouse toxicology study.
- Author
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Robertson IG, Wilson WR, Dawson BV, Zwi LJ, Green AW, and Boys JT
- Subjects
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Blood Cell Count, Blood Chemical Analysis, Body Weight, Female, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C3H, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Time Factors, Electromagnetic Fields adverse effects
- Abstract
A high-frequency inductive power distribution (HID) technology has been developed that generates sinusoidal magnetic fields at a frequency of 10 kHz. In typical industrial applications, field intensities in the order of 0.2 mT can be expected between the current-carrying coils. Because the possible health effects of 10 kHz sinusoidal magnetic fields of this type had never been investigated, a broad evaluation of possible effects on animal health was made in a preliminary 14 day acute study and in a 90 day subchronic study using male and female B6C3F1 mice. Exposures were at 0.08, 0.28, and 1.0 mT vs. a background exposure of 3.7 microT and were essentially continuous. These studies failed to demonstrate any health effects that can be clearly related to the magnetic field exposure. No changes in animal behaviour or indications of morbidity were detected during the initial exposure to the fields. There were no significant differences in body weight between exposed and unexposed (control) mice at any time in the study, and the clinical chemistry and hematology parameters were essentially unchanged. Although minor differences in some clinical chemistry and hematology parameters were seen between control and exposure groups, the lack of exposure dependence, the lack of consistency between sexes, and the lack of correspondence with the results of the two studies all suggest that these were chance associations. Even if the changes were real, the magnitude of the changes was very small and does not indicate serious biological effects. Finally, all organs were macroscopically and microscopically normal except for isolated, generally mild, histological lesions and lesions that were ascribed to fighting among males. There was no obvious association with field intensity.
- Published
- 1996
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38. Cimetidine-methylprednisolone-theophylline metabolic interaction.
- Author
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Green AW, Ebling WF, Gardner MJ, and Jusko WJ
- Subjects
- Adult, Asthma drug therapy, Biological Availability, Biotransformation drug effects, Drug Interactions, Female, Humans, Kinetics, Metabolic Clearance Rate drug effects, Methylprednisolone blood, Theophylline blood, Theophylline urine, Asthma metabolism, Cimetidine pharmacology, Methylprednisolone metabolism, Theophylline metabolism
- Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of theophylline and methylprednisolone were examined before and during cimetidine treatment in an asthmatic woman who required long-term administration of these drugs. Cimetidine reduced theophylline plasma clearance by 30 percent, and measurement of urinary metabolites showed that 3-methylxanthine formation was inhibited more strongly than that of the methylated uric acid metabolites. Assessment of methylprednisolone disposition following oral and intravenous doses revealed no effect of cimetidine on the bioavailability (74 to 81 percent absorption) or plasma clearance (22 to 24 liters per hour) of the steroid. Thus, cimetidine exhibits variable and selective effects on the biotransformation pathways of drugs important in asthma therapy.
- Published
- 1984
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39. Clinical and immunologic studies of patients with large local reactions following insect stings.
- Author
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Green AW, Reisman RE, and Arbesman CE
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Bee Venoms immunology, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin E, Immunoglobulin G, Insect Bites and Stings immunology, Male, Middle Aged, Radioallergosorbent Test, Skin Tests, Insect Bites and Stings diagnosis
- Abstract
During the summer of 1978, 22 patients who had large local reactions following insect stings were evaluated for the development of potential systemic sensitivity. Approximately half the patients had venom IgE antibodies, detected by either the immediate skin test or radioallergosorbent test (RAST). A control group of 26 patients experiencing normal sting reactions had only a 15% incidence of venom-specific IgE. No correlations could be found between the presence of venom-specific IgE and age, sex, sting location, atopic history, or prior stings. IgE antibodies were found in 13 of 17 patients who had experienced local reactions lasting more than 48 hr. Serum venom-specific IgG was detected in only three of 19 patients. These results suggest that following large local reactions from insect stings patients must be individually assessed for the presence of venom-specific IgE and consideration for specific immunotherapy.
- Published
- 1980
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40. Objective measurement of physical activity in Macaca fascicularis.
- Author
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Corbett WT, Schey HM, and Green AW
- Subjects
- Analysis of Variance, Animals, Cholesterol blood, Cholesterol, HDL, Lipoproteins, HDL blood, Monitoring, Physiologic, Macaca physiology, Macaca fascicularis physiology, Motor Activity
- Abstract
The mean and standard deviation over 24 h for 3 groups of animals - active, intermediate and inactive - in physical activity units were 10948 +/- 3360, 2611 +/- 1973 and 484 +/- 316 respectively. The differences were significant (P = 0.004), demonstrating the ability of the method to distinguish between groups that can be visibly differentiated. The small within-animal physical activity standard deviation (18.85 PAU) obtained in another group, suggests that it also yields reliable physical activity measurements for non-human primates. The monitoring device used can discriminate between individual nonhuman primates physical activity levels in a free-living environment and does not alter daily behaviour. This makes possible the study of the relationship between physical activity and atherosclerosis in nonhuman primates.
- Published
- 1982
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41. Efficacy and safety of loratadine (10 mg once daily) in the management of idiopathic chronic urticaria.
- Author
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Monroe EW, Fox RW, Green AW, Izuno GT, Bernstein DI, Pleskow WW, Willis I, and Brigante JR
- Subjects
- Chronic Disease, Clinical Trials as Topic, Cyproheptadine therapeutic use, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Loratadine, Random Allocation, Cyproheptadine analogs & derivatives, Histamine H1 Antagonists therapeutic use, Urticaria drug therapy
- Published
- 1988
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- View/download PDF
42. The effect of troleandomycin on methylprednisolone elimination.
- Author
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Szefler SJ, Rose JQ, Ellis EF, Spector SL, Green AW, and Jusko WJ
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Asthma drug therapy, Child, Drug Interactions, Female, Half-Life, Humans, Kinetics, Male, Methylprednisolone blood, Middle Aged, Methylprednisolone metabolism, Troleandomycin therapeutic use
- Abstract
Troleandomoycin (TAO), a macrolide antibiotic, has an apparent "steroid-sparing" effect when used in the treatment of severe steroid-dependent asthma. This study was designed to investigate the effect of TAO on methylprednisolone elimination. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed before and 1 wk after starting TAO in 10 severe steroid-dependent asthmatics. Baseline total body clearance of methylprednisolone was 406 +/- 139 (mean +/- SD) ml/min/1.73 m2 and decreased significantly (p < 0.001) to 146 +/- 57 ml/min/1.73 m2 1 wk after TAO therapy was initiated. Methylprednisolone half-life was 2.46 +/- 0.75 hr before TAO and increased significantly (p < 0.01) to 4.63 +/- 1.35 hr after 1 wk on TAO therapy. A follow-up evaluation of methylprednisolone pharmacokinetics in three patients after at least 1 mo on TAO therapy demonstrated continuation of the reduced methylprednisolone elimination. TAO inhibition of methylprednisolone clearance may contribute to the beneficial effects observed initially with combined methylprednisolone-troleandomycin therapy in severe steroid-dependent asthma.
- Published
- 1980
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Effect of isoproterenol on the blood vessels of the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
- Author
-
Hutchins PM, Green AW, and Rains TD
- Subjects
- Animals, Arteries drug effects, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Hypertension physiopathology, Isoproterenol administration & dosage, Muscle, Smooth drug effects, Muscles blood supply, Rats, Vasomotor System drug effects, Isoproterenol pharmacology, Microcirculation drug effects
- Published
- 1975
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Sexual activity and the postmyocardial infarction patient.
- Author
-
Green AW
- Subjects
- Adult, Alkalosis etiology, Attitude, Coitus, Death, Sudden, Electrocardiography, Erectile Dysfunction etiology, Exercise Test, Female, Heart Function Tests, Heart Rate, Humans, Hyperventilation complications, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction complications, Myocardial Infarction therapy, Nitroglycerin therapeutic use, Orgasm, Oxygen Consumption, Phobic Disorders complications, Physician-Patient Relations, Psychotherapy, Stress, Psychological, Time Factors, Myocardial Infarction rehabilitation, Sexual Behavior
- Published
- 1975
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Assessing the efficacy and safety of q. d. theophylline therapy: a multicenter study.
- Author
-
Dockhorn RJ, Green AW, and Green E
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adrenergic beta-Agonists therapeutic use, Adult, Aged, Child, Delayed-Action Preparations, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, Respiratory Function Tests, Theophylline blood, Asthma drug therapy, Theophylline administration & dosage
- Abstract
One hundred thirty-two asthmatic patients with bronchial asthma were studied by 20 independent investigators during this 49-day study. One hundred sixty-four patients entered into this study, and up to 132 were judged evaluable for statistical purposes. Criteria for entry included current q 12-hour therapy with an available theophylline product (eg, Theo-Dur, Slo-Bid, etc). Use of beta-agonist aerosols PRN was permitted, as was use of steroid aerosols for short periods of time. Chronic treatment with oral corticosteroids or other oral bronchodilators was prohibited. Baseline peak and trough serum theophylline concentrations (STCs) and performance of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were determined during q 12-hour treatment. Patients were then switched within one dosing interval to an equivalent single daily dose of Theo-24 and maintained on this therapy for the duration of the study. STC and PFT measurements were repeated on days 8, 21, and 49 of the Theo-24 study period. Throughout the 49-day study, patients measured their peak expiratory flow rate at home, at 8 AM, and at 8 PM using a Mini-Wright Peak Flow Meter. These data, along with asthma symptomatology and frequency of inhaled bronchodilator aerosol usage, were recorded daily in diary form. Three days after the start of Theo-24 treatment, the mean peak STC (11.18 micrograms/mL) was not significantly different from the mean peak STC with q 12-hour treatment (11.4 micrograms/mL) in 121 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Published
- 1985
46. Growth and metastasis of hamster melanoma following transplantation into athymic mice.
- Author
-
Schleicher RL, Green AW, and Beattie CW
- Subjects
- Animals, Cricetinae, Karyotyping, Liver Neoplasms secondary, Lung Neoplasms secondary, Male, Melanoma genetics, Mesocricetus, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Nude, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasm Transplantation, Transplantation, Heterologous, Melanoma pathology
- Abstract
Melanotic hamster malignant melanoma (MM1) is a transplantable, locally invasive tumor which metastasizes widely in syngeneic hosts. We have established three clones, HM1, HM3, and HM4 of the original MM1 line in culture. Inoculation (s.c.) into 4- to 5-week-old male athymic mice produced highly vascular, melanotic, locally invasive tumors in 100% of mice inoculated with a latency of 4-7 days. Karyotype analysis of HM cells revealed modal chromosome numbers of 39-41 (43% HM1), 43 (22% HM3), and 44-47 (61% HM4). Sixty-one % of HM1 cells were hypodiploid, 4% diploid, and 5% hyperdiploid. HM1, -3, and -4 cells also exhibited aneuploidy, endoreduplication, translocational exchanges, additions, deletions, dicentromeric and ring chromosomes, and double minutes although not all cells exhibited all abnormalities. Initial metastasis was to regional lymph nodes with eventual progression to lung and liver. Mice inoculated with HM1, -3, and -4 cells were dead with metastatic disease within 57, 63, and 64 days, respectively, following s.c. inoculation (5 X 10(5) cells) when the mice were 90-100 days old. Mortality rate was highest in line HM3 with 50% of the mice dead within 33 days postinoculation. Metastatic potential of HM1 and HM3 cells rose significantly when successive generations of HM1 and HM3 cells cultured from isolated lung metastasis were reinoculated. Metastasis to lymph nodes and liver was not observed with increasing passage generations of lung metastasis. Our observations provide evidence that hamster melanomas are clonally heterogenous, locally invasive, and exhibit rapid growth and metastasis following s.c. inoculation into adult athymic mice. Transplantable melanotic hamster melanoma cells also exhibit a significant preferential metastasis to lung following culture and sequential reinoculation of lung metastasis in athymic mice. As such, they appear to provide a reproducible model of metastasis in an immunocompromised host.
- Published
- 1987
47. Absorption characteristics of sustained release theophylline capsules administered in applesauce.
- Author
-
Green ER, Green AW, Lanc R, Slaughter R, and Middleton E Jr
- Subjects
- Absorption, Administration, Oral, Adolescent, Adult, Capsules, Delayed-Action Preparations, Fruit, Humans, Male, Theophylline administration & dosage, Theophylline blood, Theophylline metabolism
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Pathogenesis of a virus-induced leukemia in mice.
- Author
-
DUNN TB, MOLONEY JB, GREEN AW, and ARNOLD B
- Subjects
- Animals, Mice, Leukemia, Experimental, Oncogenic Viruses
- Published
- 1961
49. Advantages and disadvantages of the myotomy of the internal rectus muscle.
- Author
-
GREEN AW
- Subjects
- Humans, Eye, Muscles, Oculomotor Muscles, Strabismus therapy, Tendons
- Published
- 1945
50. CYSTS OF THE EPIDIDYMIS, CANCER OF THE CERVIX, GRANULAR CELL MYOBLASTOMA, AND OTHER LESIONS AFTER ESTROGEN INJECTION IN NEWBORN MICE.
- Author
-
DUNN TB and GREEN AW
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Humans, Male, Mice, Animals, Newborn, Cysts, Diethylstilbestrol, Epididymis, Estrogens, Granular Cell Tumor, Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Experimental, Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue, Research, Toxicology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Vaginal Neoplasms
- Published
- 1963
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