6 results on '"Greater Paris area"'
Search Results
2. Factors associated with participation in the organized cervical cancer screening program in the greater Paris area (France): An analysis among more than 200,000 women
- Author
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Gwenn Menvielle, Caroline Pelisson, Céline Audiger, Audrey Bochaton, Thomas Bovagnet, Aldis Kaufmanis, Michel Deghaye, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Régional de Coordination du Dépistage des Cancers [Paris] (CRCDC-IDF), Université Paris Nanterre - UFR Sciences sociales et administration (UPN SSA), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Gestionnaire, HAL Sorbonne Université 5, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
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Adult ,Paris ,Epidemiology ,Psychological intervention ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer ,Logistic regression ,Cervical cancer screening ,03 medical and health sciences ,Grassroots ,0302 clinical medicine ,[SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer ,Residence Characteristics ,Health care ,Medicine ,Humans ,Mass Screening ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Greater Paris area ,10. No inequality ,Early Detection of Cancer ,Aged ,interventions to reach vulnerable women ,030505 public health ,business.industry ,organized cervical cancer screening program ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Social environment ,Middle Aged ,healthcare accessibility ,3. Good health ,Test (assessment) ,Population study ,Female ,France ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Demography - Abstract
International audience; We aimed to identify the contextual factors associated with participation in the organized Cervical Cancer Screening (CCS) pilot program, which includes specific interventions to reach vulnerable women, in the Greater Paris region.Study population consisted of 231,712 women aged 25–65 years, who were not up to date to their smear test and had been invited to take part in the program from July 2014 to September 2017. Using a multilevel mixed logistic regression with random effects, we investigated the effect of grassroots interventions targeting vulnerable women, healthcare provider accessibility, social environment and municipal policy-related factors.The CCS rate was two times higher in women who had received their first invitation to the program during the study period (32·9%) compared to those who were already invited before the study period (15·3%). In both populations, there were no significant trends in participation with regards to the type of grassroots interventions, level of accessibility of healthcare services or municipal commitment to healthcare. Among women invited previously and aged above 35 increased participation was seen in neighborhoods with low proportion of single women or in less deprived neighborhoods.Our results identified groups of women who participated less in the organized CCS program and suggested that additional interventions targeting the barriers faced by vulnerable women, especially those aged 35–45 years old, are needed.
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- 2021
3. Airborne mineral components and trace metals in Paris region: spatial and temporal variability.
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Poulakis, E., Theodosi, C., Bressi, M., Sciare, J., Ghersi, V., and Mihalopoulos, N.
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MINES & mineral resources ,METAL grinding & polishing ,TRACE metals -- Environmental aspects ,CHEMICAL elements ,INORGANIC chemistry - Abstract
A variety of mineral components (Al, Fe) and trace metals (V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) were simultaneously measured in PM and PM fractions at three different locations (traffic, urban, and suburban) in the Greater Paris Area (GPA) on a daily basis throughout a year. Mineral species and trace metal levels measured in both fractions are in agreement with those reported in the literature and below the thresholds defined by the European guidelines for toxic metals (Cd, Ni, Pb). Size distribution between PM and PM fractions revealed that mineral components prevail in the coarse mode, while trace metals are mainly confined in the fine one. Enrichment factor analysis, statistical analysis, and seasonal variability suggest that elements such as Mn, Cr, Zn, Fe, and Cu are attributed to traffic, V and Ni to oil combustion while Cd and Pb to industrial activities with regional origin. Meteorological parameters such as rain, boundary layer height (BLH), and air mass origin were found to significantly influence element concentrations. Periods with high frequency of northern and eastern air masses (from high populated and industrialized areas) are characterized by high metal concentrations. Finally, inner city and traffic emissions were also evaluated in PM fraction. Significant contributions (>50 %) were measured in the traffic site for Mn, Fe, Cr, Zn, and Cu, confirming that vehicle emissions contribute significantly to their levels, while in the urban site, the lower contributions (18 to 33 %) for all measured metals highlight the influence of regional sources on their levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Factors associated with participation in the organized cervical cancer screening program in the greater Paris area (France): An analysis among more than 200,000 women.
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Audiger, Céline, Bovagnet, Thomas, Deghaye, Michel, Kaufmanis, Aldis, Pelisson, Caroline, Bochaton, Audrey, and Menvielle, Gwenn
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CERVICAL cancer , *EARLY detection of cancer , *HEALTH services accessibility , *MEDICAL personnel , *PARTICIPATION , *RESEARCH , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL screening , *EVALUATION research , *COMPARATIVE studies , *RESIDENTIAL patterns ,CERVIX uteri tumors - Abstract
We aimed to identify the contextual factors associated with participation in the organized Cervical Cancer Screening (CCS) pilot program, which includes specific interventions to reach vulnerable women, in the Greater Paris region. Study population consisted of 231,712 women aged 25-65 years, who were not up to date to their smear test and had been invited to take part in the program from July 2014 to September 2017. Using a multilevel mixed logistic regression with random effects, we investigated the effect of grassroots interventions targeting vulnerable women, healthcare provider accessibility, social environment and municipal policy-related factors. The CCS rate was two times higher in women who had received their first invitation to the program during the study period (32·9%) compared to those who were already invited before the study period (15·3%). In both populations, there were no significant trends in participation with regards to the type of grassroots interventions, level of accessibility of healthcare services or municipal commitment to healthcare. Among women invited previously and aged above 35 increased participation was seen in neighborhoods with low proportion of single women or in less deprived neighborhoods. Our results identified groups of women who participated less in the organized CCS program and suggested that additional interventions targeting the barriers faced by vulnerable women, especially those aged 35-45 years old, are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. La place de la concertation dans la mise en oeuvre de projets urbains durables à travers l'exemple de l'agglomération parisienne : territoires, acteurs, représentations
- Author
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Sirota-Chelzen, Hélène, Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, Pierre Pech, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
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Common territory ,Social representation ,Inhabitant ,Graphic representation ,Gestion territoriale ,Urban planning ,Concertation ,Territoire ,Urban substainability ,Greater Paris area ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,Métropole du Grand Paris - Abstract
Since Rio 1992, consultation has become an essential political and social practice. It responds to a request from citizens to participate in public debate, decision-making, local management and the city's factory. Consultation, which has become regulatory and brings together a plurality of actors, is the place and time when issues of governance, territorial management and urban sustainability are at stake. The thesis seeks to answer the following questions: to what extent are governance processes, put into practice through consultation and resulting from environmental public policies, effective in territorial planning strategies ? How to measure the effects of these processes? What roles do these processes play in the development of land-use patterns? The scientific approach used was based on observation of consultation meetings. The surveys were carried out in the territories of the Greater Paris Metropolis, which is changing as a result of the metropolization of the territory and the application of the principles of urban sustainability.The survey made it possible to compare the representations of the in habitants and those of the project leaders with regard to the evaluation of participation, the objects that make up the territory and the spatial representations. This confrontation of representations highlights the dissonances and meeting points between these categories of actors. Another part of the thesis attempted to understand the inhabitants' motivation for participation, their expectations and spatial practices. As a result of these surveys, it appears that the "city factory" can no longer be built without the inhabitants - users who want to be informed about urban projects and heard by project leaders. However, when consultation is taken seriously by all stakeholders, it tends to best meet the principles of urban sustainability.; Depuis Rio 1992, la concertation est devenue une pratique politique et sociale incontournable. Elle répond à une demande des citoyens de participer au débat public, à la prise de décision, à la gestion locale et à la fabrique de la ville. La concertation, devenue réglementaire et réunissant une pluralité d'acteurs, est le lieu et le moment où se posent des enjeux de gouvernance, de gestion territoriale et de durabilité urbaine. La thèse cherche à répondre aux questions suivantes : dans quelles mesures les processus de gouvernance, mis en pratique par la concertation et issus des politiques publiques environnementales, sont-ils efficaces dans les stratégies d'aménagement territorial ? Comment mesurer les effets de ces processus ? Quels rôles ces processus jouent-ils dans l'élaboration des modes d'habiter des territoires? La méthodologie mise en œuvre s'est appuyée l'observation de réunions de concertation. Les enquêtes ont été menées dans des territoires de la Métropole du Grand Paris qui se transforme sous l'effet de la métropolisation du territoire et de l'application des principes de durabilité urbaine. L'enquête a permis de mettre en regard les représentations des habitants et celles des porteurs de projet quant à l'évaluation de la participation, aux objets qui font territoire et aux représentations spatiales. Cette confrontation des représentations souligne les dissonances et les points de rencontre entre ces catégories d'acteurs. Un autre volet de la thèse a tenté d'appréhender la motivation des habitants à la participation, leurs attentes et leurs pratiques spatiales. À l'issue de ces enquêtes, il apparaît que la «fabrique de la ville» ne peut désormais se faire sans les habitants - usagers qui veulent être informés des projets urbains et entendus par les porteurs de projet. Cependant, quand la concertation est prise au sérieux par tous les acteurs, elle tend à répondre au mieux aux principes de la durabilité urbaine.
- Published
- 2018
6. La ville nouvelle de Marne-la-Vallée et son insertion dans la dynamique francilienne : évaluation des enjeux du renforcement de la structure polycentrique sur les systèmes de déplacements
- Author
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Aw, Thierno, Laboratoire Ville, Mobilité, Transport (LVMT ), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), Université Paris-Est, Jean Laterrasse, and Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)
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Modelization ,New Towns ,Prospective Territoriale ,[SHS.ARCHI]Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management ,Usage du sol ,Modélisation ,Regional Prospective ,Land Use ,Transport ,Région du Grand Paris ,Villes Nouvelles ,Greater Paris Area - Abstract
When envisioning the future of a territory, public authorities typically make an effort to anticipate changes in land-use and transport systems. These projections are based on the principle that different zones are complementary, as they have varying urban functions. These differences generate transport demand, which then leads to concrete transport flows. Land use and transport forecasts are often carried out independently despite the well-known interactions between these two domains. The Greater Paris Area has pursued a polycentric New Town policy for over a generation, seeking an optimal spatial distribution of human activities. These New Towns were located in "preferential urban growth" zones served by major transport infrastructures in hopes of increasing the urban region's geographic coherence and better managing transport demand by reducing congestion toward the centre city and increasing public transit's mode share. Nonetheless, recent analyses of land-use data and mobility behaviour reveal that Greater Paris still possesses a dominantly monocentric urban form. The New Towns remain dependent on central Paris, and the private car is still the favoured transport mode ; these areas never attained the degree of importance and centrality called for in the initial development plans. In order to verify the polycentric urban form's capacity to foster sustainable mobility, our thesis investigates two scenarios for urban development over the 2004-2030 period. Both involve increasing urban density, but this increase is spatially homogeneous in one scenario and more targeted in the other, with human activities clustered near urban subcentres. We carry out an integrated land-use and transport simulation, employing a supply and demand model from the Driea-IDF (Regional Direction for Infrastructure and Spatial Planning), as well as spatially focussed demographic projections based on the Omphale model from INSEE (the National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies). In this way, we show that spatially channelling expected population growth before 2030 with the goal of increasing density could intensify urban centrality in the New Towns, leading to an increase in coherence (in terms of jobs-housing balance), a reduction in average commuting distances, a greater share of non-motorized transport, and transport network performance improvements. These effects are stronger in our targeted scenario than in the homogeneous case. Despite the challenges presented by population growth, it appears possible to maintain private transport modes' quality of service through changes in the structure of spatial interactions and transport requirements, in conjunction with planned road and transit development. Quality of service stabilization would require increased reliance on high-capacity urban trunk roads. In the targeted density scenario, traffic on the road network could even decrease in certain places, and capacity could then be reallocated to sustainable transport modes. Demographic change and transport quality of service can work together to both enhance secondary centres (improving accessibility through nearness) and increase the number of inhabitants capable of reaching a destination in a given amount of time, or the number of jobs accessible from residential areas; Pour planifier le devenir d'un territoire, il est classique de projeter l'évolution de l'usage du sol et du système de transport. La projection est fondée sur le principe que les lieux d'activités, selon leurs fonctions urbaines respectives, sont en relations de complémentarité : cette complémentarité induit des besoins de déplacements, lesquels se concrétisent en des flux de transport. Souvent les projections sont réalisées de manière séparée par grand domaine, occupation des sols d'une part et transport de l'autre, or il y a des interactions. La politique polycentrique poursuivie depuis plus d'une génération en région francilienne part de cette volonté de répartition spatiale optimale des activités humaines avec la création des Villes Nouvelles. Leur localisation dans des zones préférentielles d'extension urbaine desservies par des axes structurants de transports devait apporter une cohérence d'ensemble à la région urbaine et contribuer efficacement à une meilleure gestion des flux de déplacements à la fois en termes de structure géographique, pour limiter la congestion en direction du centre, et de répartition modale en faveur des transports collectifs. L'analyse récente des données d'occupation des sols comme celle des comportements de mobilité tend à confirmer que l'Ile-de- France reste encore caractérisée par une forme urbaine à dominante monocentrique. Le niveau de masse et de centralité défini dans le schéma initial d'aménagement n'a pas été atteint pour les « centres urbains nouveaux », la dépendance au cœur de l'agglomération est toujours vérifiée, et la voiture particulière reste privilégiée comme mode de déplacement.Pour vérifier la capacité de la forme urbaine polycentrique à favoriser une mobilité durable, notre thèse prospecte deux partis d'aménagement pour la période 2004-2030, tous deux favorisant la densification de l'agglomération mais l'un de manière homogène et l'autre de manière ciblée, orientant davantage la localisation des activités humaines dans les grands pôles d'urbanisation. Dans cet objectif, nous avons simulé de manière intégrée l'usage du sol et les transports en mobilisant le modèle d'offre de transport et de demande de déplacements de la Driea-IDF, et une méthode de projection démographique spatialisée basée sur le modèle Omphale de l'Insee et ajoutant une focalisation par sous-ensemble territorial.Dans ces conditions, nous avons montré que l'évolution démographique prévue d'ici 2030, canalisée dans l'espace selon une logique de densification, devrait permettre un renforcement de la centralité urbaine dans les grands pôles d'aménagement que sont les Villes Nouvelles, avec une intensification de la cohérence urbaine entre les domiciles et les emplois, une réduction des distances moyennes entre domicile et travail, une proportion accrue de déplacements effectués par des modes non motorisés, et une amélioration de la performance territoriale des réseaux de transport. Ces effets seraient plus forts avec le scénario de densification ciblée qu'avec celui de densification homogène. Les transformations dans la structure des interactions spatiales et dans les besoins de déplacement, couplées au développement programmé des réseaux routiers et collectifs de transport, mais confrontées à l'accroissement démographique, sembleraient permettre de maintenir la qualité de service pour les modes individuels de transport. Le développement démographique et le maintien de la qualité de service en transport concourraient à améliorer non seulement les centralités secondaires donc l'accessibilité dans un cadre de proximité, mais encore les effectifs de population susceptibles d'atteindre une destination en un temps limité, ou le nombre d'emplois pouvant être visés depuis un lieu de domicile
- Published
- 2010
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