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1. First results on new helium based eco-gas mixtures for the Extreme Energy Events Project

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cavazza, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gnesi, I., Gramegna, F., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project, a joint project of the Centro Fermi (Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "E.Fermi") and INFN, has a dual purpose: a scientific research program on cosmic rays at ground level and an intense outreach and educational program. The project consists in a network of about 60 tracking detectors, called telescopes, mostly hosted in Italian High Schools. Each telescope is made by three Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers, operated so far with a gas mixture composed by 98% C$_2$H$_2$F$_4$ and 2% SF$_6$. Due to its high Global Warming Potential, a few years ago the EEE collaboration has started an extensive R&D on alternative mixtures environmentally sustainable and compatible with the current experimental setup and operational environment. Among other gas mixtures, the one with helium and hydrofluoroolefin R1234ze gave the best result during the preliminary tests performed with two of the network telescopes. The detector has proved to reach performance levels comparable to those obtained with previous mixtures, without any modification of the hardware. We will discuss the first results obtained with the new mixture, tested with different percentages of the two components.

Published
2024

2. Ecological transition for the gas mixtures of the MRPC cosmic ray telescopes of the EEE Project

Author

Ripoli, C., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cavazza, D., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gnesi, I., Gramstad, E., Grazzi, S., Håland, E. S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Ould-Saada, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichil, A., and Zuyeuskiv, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Collaboration is fully involved in an ecological transition. The use of the standard gas mixture, \ce{C_{2}H_{2}F_{4}}+ \ce{SF_{6}}, has stopped in favor of an alternative green mixture based on \ce{C_{3}H_{2}F_{4}} with the addition of He or \ce{CO_{2}}. The choise of these new mixtures is motivated by the significant lower Global Warming Potential (GWP) to reduce the emission of gases potentially contributing to the greenhouse effect. The EEE experiment consists of 61 muon telescopes based on Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs), each telescope composed of 3 chambers filled with gas. Several EEE detectors are today completely fluxed with the new ecological mixture. This contribution will report recent results about the telescope performance obtained from studies with the eco-friendly alternative mixture carried out in the last years.

Published
2023

3. The cosmic muon and detector simulation framework of the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) experiment

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossin, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F., Fulci, A., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Mandaglio, G., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S, Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Triolo, A. S., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Ungaro, M., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

This paper describes the simulation framework of the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) experiment. EEE is a network of cosmic muon trackers, each made of three Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC), able to precisely measure the absolute muon crossing time and the muon integrated angular flux at the ground level. The response of a single MRPC and the combination of three chambers have been implemented in a GEANT4-based framework (GEMC) to study the telescope response. The detector geometry, as well as details about the surrounding materials and the location of the telescopes have been included in the simulations in order to realistically reproduce the experimental set-up of each telescope. A model based on the latest parametrization of the cosmic muon flux has been used to generate single muon events. After validating the framework by comparing simulations to selected EEE telescope data, it has been used to determine detector parameters not accessible by analysing experimental data only, such as detection efficiency, angular and spatial resolution., Comment: 16 pages, 25 figures, 3 tables, submitted to EPJC

Published
2021
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4. Strategies to reduce the environmental impact in the MRPC array of the EEE experiment

Author

Panetta, M. P., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F., Falchieri, D., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Mandaglio, G., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project employs Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chamber (MRPC) for studying the secondary cosmic ray muons in Extensive Air Showers. The array consists of about 60 tracking detectors, sparse on Italian territory and at CERN. The MRPCs are flowed with a gas mixture based on $C_2H_2F_4$ and $SF_6$, both of which are fluorinated greenhouse gases with a high environmental impact on the atmosphere. Due to the restrictions imposed by the European Union, these gases are being phased out of production and their cost is largely increasing. The EEE Collaboration started a campaign to reduce the gas emission from its array with the aim of containing costs and decreasing the experiment global warming impact. One method is to reduce the gas rate in each EEE detector. Another is to develop a gas recirculation system, whose a first prototype has been installed at one of the EEE stations located at CERN. Jointly a parallel strategy is focused on searching for environmental friendly gas mixtures which are able to substitute the standard mixture without affecting the MRPC performance. An overview and first results are presented here., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures

Published
2020

5. Characteristics and performance of the Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers of the EEE experiment

Author

Coccetti, F., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F., Falchieri, D., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Mandaglio, G., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S, Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) experiment, dedicated to the study of secondary cosmic rays, is arguably the largest detector system in the world implemented by Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers. The EEE network consists of 60 telescopes distributed over all the Italian territory; each telescope is made of three MRPCs and allows to reconstruct the trajectory of cosmic muons with high efficiency and optimal angular resolution. A distinctive feature of the EEE network is that almost all telescopes are housed in High Schools and managed by groups of students and teachers, who previously took care of their construction at CERN. This peculiarity is a big plus for the experiment, which combines the scientific relevance of its objectives with effective outreach activities. The unconventional location of the detectors, mainly in standard classrooms of school buildings, with heterogeneous maintenance conditions and without controlled temperature and dedicated power lines, is a unique test field to verify the robustness, the low aging characteristics and the long-lasting performance of MRPC technology for particle monitoring and timing. Finally, it is reported how the spatial resolution, efficiency, tracking capability and stability of these chambers behave in time., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures

Published
2020
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6. A simulation tool for MRPC telescopes of the EEE project

Author

Mandaglio, G., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossin, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F., Fulci, A., Falchieri, D., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S, Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Triolo, A. S., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project is mainly devoted to the study of the secondary cosmic ray radiation by using muon tracker telescopes made of three Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC) each. The experiment consists of a telescope network mainly distributed across Italy, hosted in different building structures pertaining to high schools, universities and research centers. Therefore, the possibility to take into account the effects of these structures on collected data is important for the large physics programme of the project. A simulation tool, based on GEANT4 and using GEMC framework, has been implemented to take into account the muon interaction with EEE telescopes and to estimate the effects on data of the structures surrounding the experimental apparata.A dedicated event generator producing realistic muon distributions, detailed geometry and microscopic behavior of MRPCs have been included to produce experimental-like data. The comparison between simulated and experimental data, and the estimation of detector resolutions is here presented and discussed.

Published
2020
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7. MRPC Telescope Simulation for the Extreme Energy Events Experiment

Author

Mandaglio, G., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F., Fulci, A., Galante, L., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinto, C., Piragino, G., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S, Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Triolo, A. S., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

A simulation tool based on GEMC framework to describe the MRPC telescope of the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project is presented. The EEE experiment is mainly devoted to the study of the secondary cosmic muons by using MRPC telescope distributed in high schools and research centres in Italy and at CERN. This takes into account the muon interactions with EEE telescopes and the structures surrounding the experimental apparata; it consists of a dedicated event generator producing realistic muon distribution and a detailed geometry description of the detector. Microscopic behaviour of MRPCs has been included to produce experimental-like data. A method to estimate the chamber effciency directly from data has been implemented and tested by comparing the experimental and simulated polar angle distribution of muons., Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure, International Workshop - Detection Systems and Techniques in Nuclear and Particle Physics - Messina (Italy), September 11-13, 2019. To be published in JP:CS

Published
2020
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8. The ecological transition of the extreme energy events experiment

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cavazza, F., Cicaló, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M.N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M.P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifiró, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M.C.S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Published
2023
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9. Measurement of the cosmic charged particle rate at sea level in the latitude range 35∘÷∘∘÷∘ 82∘÷∘ N with the PolarquEEEst experiment

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cavazza, D., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Gramstad, E., Grazzi, S., Håland, E. S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Ould-Saada, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Published
2023
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10. Studies on new Eco-gas mixtures for Extreme Energy Events Project

Author

Bossini, E., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Carnesecchi, F., Cavazza, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., Rocca, P. La, Liu, Z., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M.N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M.P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M.C.S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Published
2023
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11. A cosmic muon test facility with the MRPC telescopes of the EEE Project

Author

Grazzi, S., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Bisio, P., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cavazza, D., Celentano, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., Gruttola, D. De, Pasquale, S. De, Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Hatzifotiadou, D., Rocca, P. La, Liu, Z., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Marsicano, L., Mazziotta, M.N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M.P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M.C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Published
2023
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12. First results from the upgrade of the Extreme Energy Events experiment

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, L., Frolov, V., Galante, L., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Mandaglio, G., Rodriguez, O. Maragoto, Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Votano, M. C. Vistoli. L., Williams, M. C. S., Zheng, L., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) experiment is the largest system in the world completely implemented with Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs). Presently, it consists of a network of 59 muon telescopes, each made of 3 MRPCs, devoted to the study of secondary cosmic rays. Its stations, sometimes hundreds of kilometers apart, are synchronized at a few nanoseconds level via a clock signal delivered by the Global Positioning System. The data collected during centrally coordinated runs are sent to INFN CNAF, the largest center for scientific computing in Italy, where they are reconstructed and made available for analysis. Thanks to the on-line monitoring and data transmission, EEE operates as a single coordinated system spread over an area of about $3 \times 10^5$ km$^2$. In 2017, the EEE collaboration started an important upgrade program, aiming to extend the network with 20 additional stations, with the option to have more in the future. This implies the construction, testing and commissioning of 60 chambers, for a total detector surface of around 80 m$^2$. In this paper, aspects related to this challenging endeavor are covered, starting from the technological solutions chosen to build these state-of-the-art detectors, to the quality controls and the performance tests carried on., Comment: Prepared for the proceedings of the XIVth Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and related detectors, Feb. 19-23/2018, Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco State, MEXICO

Published
2018
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13. New Eco-gas mixtures for the Extreme Energy Events MRPCs: results and plans

Author

Pisano, S., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Ferroli, L. Baldini, Baldini, L., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F. L., Frolov, V., Galante, L., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Mandaglio, G., Rodriguez, O. Maragoto, Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, M. C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zheng, L., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events observatory is an extended muon telescope array, covering more than 10 degrees both in latitude and longitude. Its 59 muon telescopes are equipped with tracking detectors based on Multigap Resistive Plate Chamber technology with time resolution of the order of a few hundred picoseconds. The recent restrictions on greenhouse gases demand studies for new gas mixtures in compliance with the relative requirements. Tetrafluoropropene is one of the candidates for tetrafluoroethane substitution, since it is characterized by a Global Warming Power around 300 times lower than the gas mixtures used up to now. Several mixtures have been tested, measuring efficiency curves, charge distributions, streamer fractions and time resolutions. Results are presented for the whole set of mixtures and operating conditions, %. A set of tests on a real EEE telescope, with cosmic muons, are being performed at the CERN-01 EEE telescope. The tests are focusing on identifying a mixture with good performance at the low rates typical of an EEE telescope., Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, proceedings for the "XIV Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors" (19-23 February 2018), Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco State, Mexico

Published
2018
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14. Performance of the Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers of the Extreme Energy Events Project

Author

De Gruttola, D., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F. L., Frolov, V., Galante, L., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Mandaglio, G., Rodriguez, O. Maragoto, Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, M. C., Votan, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zheng, L., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The muon telescopes of the Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project are made of three Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC). The EEE array is composed, so far, of 59 telescopes and is organized in clusters and single telescope stations distributed all over the Italian territory. They are installed in High Schools with the aim to join research and teaching activities, by involving researchers, teachers and students in the construction, maintenance, data taking and data analysis. The unconventional working sites, mainly school buildings with non-controlled environmental parameters and heterogeneous maintenance conditions, are a unique test field for checking the robustness, the low-ageing features and the long-lasting performance of the MRPC technology for particle tracking and timing purposes. The measurements performed with the EEE array require excellent performance in terms of time and spatial resolution, efficiency, tracking capability and stability. The data from two recent coordinated data taking periods, named Run 2 and Run 3, have been used to measure these quantities and the results are described, together with a comparison with expectations and with the results from a beam test performed in 2006 at CERN., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, conference RPC 2018

Published
2018
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15. The Extreme Energy Events experiment: an overview of the telescopes performance

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Ferroli, L. Baldini, Baldini, L., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F. L., Frolov, V., Galante, L., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Mandaglio, G., Rodriguez, O. Maragoto, Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, M. C., Votan, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zheng, L., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC). The EEE network is composed, so far, of 53 telescopes, each made of three MRPC detectors; it is organized in clusters and single telescope stations distributed all over the Italian territory and installed in High Schools, covering an area larger than $3\times10^{5}$ km$^{2}$. The study of Extensive Air Showers (EAS), that is one of the goal of the project, requires excellent performance in terms of time and spatial resolution, efficiency, tracking capability and long term stability. The data from two recent coordinated data taking periods, named Run 2 and Run 3, have been used to measure these quantities and the results are here reported, together with a comparison with expectations and with the results from a beam test performed in 2006 at CERN., Comment: 21 pages, 17 figures

Published
2018
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16. Observation of Rayleigh-Lamb waves generated by the 2022 Hunga-Tonga volcanic eruption with the POLA detectors at Ny-Ålesund

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Casula, M., Cavazza, D., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., Gruttola, D. De, Pasquale, S. De, Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Gramstad, E., Grazzi, S., Haland, E. S., Hatzifotiadou, D., Rocca, P. La, Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mazzola, M., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Ould-Saada, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Viola, A. P., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Published
2022
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17. The Extreme Energy Events HECR array: status and perspectives

Author

Gnesi, I., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Bencivenni, G., Bossini, E., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Di Giovanni, A., D'Incecco, M., Dreucci, M., Fabbri, F. L., Fattibene, E., Ferraro, A., Frolov, V., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadu, D., Liciulli, F., La Rocca, P., Maggiora, A., Rodriguez, O. Maragoto, Maron, G., Martelli, B., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Siddi, E., Squarcia, S., Stori, L., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Visnyei, O. B., Vistoli, M. C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zani, S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events Project is a synchronous sparse array of 52 tracking detectors for studying High Energy Cosmic Rays (HECR) and Cosmic Rays-related phenomena. The observatory is also meant to address Long Distance Correlation (LDC) phenomena: the network is deployed over a broad area covering 10 degrees in latitude and 11 in longitude. An overview of a set of preliminary results is given, extending from the study of local muon flux dependance on solar activity to the investigation of the upward-going component of muon flux traversing the EEE stations; from the search for anisotropies at the sub-TeV scale to the hints for observations of km-scale Extensive Air Shower (EAS)., Comment: XXV ECRS 2016 Proceedings - eConf C16-09-04.3

Published
2017

18. Ecological transition for the gas mixtures of the MRPC cosmic ray telescopes of the EEE Project

Author

Ripoli, C., primary, Abbrescia, M., additional, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Baldini Ferroli, R., additional, Batignani, G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Bossini, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cavazza, D., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, De Gruttola, D., additional, De Pasquale, S., additional, Galante, L., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, La Rocca, P., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Lombardo, L., additional, Mandaglio, G., additional, Margotti, A., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M.N., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Panetta, M.P., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Parvis, M., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Perasso, L., additional, Pinazza, O., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scioli, G., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Williams, M.C.S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2024
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20. Measurement of the cosmic charged particle rate at sea level in the latitude range 35 ∘ ÷ 82 ∘ N with the PolarquEEEst experiment

Author

Abbrescia M., Avanzini C., Baldini L., Ferroli R. B., Batignani G., Battaglieri M., Boi S., Bossini E., Carnesecchi F., Cavazza D., Cicalo C., Cifarelli L., Coccetti F., Coccia E., Corvaglia A., De Gruttola D., De Pasquale S., Galante L., Garbini M., Gemme G., Gnesi I., Gramstad E., Grazzi S., Haland E. S., Hatzifotiadou D., La Rocca P., Liu Z., Lombardo L., Mandaglio G., Margotti A., Maron G., Mazziotta M. N., Mulliri A., Nania R., Noferini F., Nozzoli F., Ould-Saada F., Palmonari F., Panareo M., Panetta M. P., Paoletti R., Parvis M., Pellegrino C., Perasso L., Pinazza O., Pinto C., Pisano S., Riggi F., Righini G., Ripoli C., Rizzi M., Sartorelli G., Scapparone E., Schioppa M., Scioli G., Scribano A., Selvi M., Taiuti M., Terreni G., Trifiro A., Trimarchi M., Vistoli C., Votano L., Williams M. C. S., Zichichi A., Zuyeuski R., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. B., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cavazza, D., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Gramstad, E., Grazzi, S., Haland, E. S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Ould-Saada, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
cosmic charged particle rate
Abstract

After its successful campaign of measurements beyond the Polar Arctic Circle, the PolarquEEEst experiment measured the cosmic charged particle rate at sea level in a latitude interval between 35◦ N and 82◦ N. In this paper, these measurements are described and the corresponding results are discussed.

Published
2023

21. Measurement of the cosmic charged particle rate at sea level in the latitude range 35$$^{\circ }$$ $$\div $$ 82$$^{\circ }$$ N with the PolarquEEEst experiment

Author

Abbrescia, M., primary, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ferroli, R. Baldini, additional, Batignani, G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Bossini, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cavazza, D., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, De Gruttola, D., additional, De Pasquale, S., additional, Galante, L., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Gramstad, E., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Håland, E. S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, La Rocca, P., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Lombardo, L., additional, Mandaglio, G., additional, Margotti, A., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Ould-Saada, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Panetta, M. P., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Parvis, M., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Perasso, L., additional, Pinazza, O., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scioli, G., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Williams, M. C. S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2023
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22. Operation and performance of the EEE network array for the detection of cosmic rays

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Bencivenni, G., Bossini, E., Chiavassa, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Di Giovanni, A., D'Incecco, M., Dreucci, M., Fabbri, F.L., Fattibene, E., Ferraro, A., Frolov, V., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Licciulli, F., Maggiora, A., Maragoto Rodriguez, O., Maron, G., Martelli, B., Mazziotta, M.N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M.P., Paoletti, R., Park, W., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Riggi, F., Righini, G.C., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Siddi, E., Squarcia, S., Stori, L., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Visnyei, O.B., Vistoli, M.C., Votano, L., Williams, M.C.S., Zani, S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Published
2017
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23. Erratum to: New high precision measurements of the cosmic charged particle rate beyond the Arctic Circle with the PolarquEEEst experiment

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Arlandoo, M., Balbi, G., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Cavazza, D., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F., Falchieri, D., Flammini, A., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Gramstad, E., Grazzi, S., Håland, E. S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Meneghini, S., Millerjord, S. A., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Ould-Saada, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Torromeo, G., Travaglini, R., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Veri, C., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Published
2020
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24. New high precision measurements of the cosmic charged particle rate beyond the Arctic Circle with the PolarquEEEst experiment

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Arlandoo, M., Balbi, G., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Cavazza, D., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F., Falchieri, D., Flammini, A., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Gramstad, E., Grazzi, S., Håland, E. S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Meneghini, S., Millerjord, S. A., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Ould-Saada, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Torromeo, G., Travaglini, R., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Veri, C., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Published
2020
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25. Measurement of the cosmic charged particle rate at sea level in the latitude range 35 $$^{\circ }$$ <math> <msup> <mrow></mrow> <mo>∘</mo> </msup> </math> $$\div $$ <math> <mo>÷</mo> </math> 82 $$^{\circ }$$ <math> <msup> <mrow></mrow> <mo>∘</mo> </msup> </math> N with the PolarquEEEst experiment

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cavazza, D., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., Gruttola, D., Pasquale, S., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Gramstad, E., Grazzi, S., Håland, E., Hatzifotiadou, D., Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Ould-Saada, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Abstract

After its successful campaign of measurements beyond the Polar Arctic Circle, the PolarquEEEst experiment measured the cosmic charged particle rate at sea level in a latitude interval between 35 $$^{\circ }$$ ∘ N and 82 $$^{\circ }$$ ∘ N. In this paper, these measurements are described and the corresponding results are discussed.

Published
2023

26. A Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers array for the Extreme Energy Events Project

Author

De Gruttola, D., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Bencivenni, G., Bossini, E., Bressan, E., Chiavassa, A., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Pasquale, S., Di Giovanni, A., D'Incecco, M., Dreucci, M., Fabbri, F.L., Fattibene, E., Ferraro, A., Forster, R., Frolov, V., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Maggiora, A., Maron, G., Martelli, B., Mazziotta, M.N., Miozzi, S., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M.P., Paoletti, R., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Riggi, F., Righini, G.C., Rodriguez, A.R., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Siddi, E., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Vistoli, M.C., Votano, L., Williams, M.C.S., Zani, G., Zichichi, A., and Zouyevski, R.

Published
2016
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27. A study of upward going particles with the Extreme Energy Events telescopes

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Bencivenni, G., Bossini, E., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Di Giovanni, A., D׳Incecco, M., Dreucci, M., Fabbri, F.L., Fattibene, E., Ferraro, A., Forster, R., Frolov, V., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadu, D., La Rocca, P., Maggiora, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M.N., Miozzi, S., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M.P., Paoletti, R., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Riggi, F., Righini, G.C., Rodriguez, A.R., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Siddi, E., Squarcia, S., Stori, L., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Vistoli, M.C., Votano, L., Williams, M.C.S., Zani, S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Published
2016
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28. Measurement of the cosmic charged particle rate at sea level in the latitude range 35° ÷ 82° N with the PolarquEEEst experiment

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. B., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cavazza, D., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Gramstad, E., Grazzi, S., Haland, E. S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Ould-Saada, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
cosmic rays, cosmic charged particles, measurements
Abstract

After its successful campaign of measurements beyond the Polar Arctic Circle, the PolarquEEEst experiment measured the cosmic charged particle rate at sea level in a latitude interval between 35◦ Nand 82◦ N. In this paper, these measurements are described and the corresponding results are discussed.

Published
2023

29. Outreach activities of the Extreme Energy Events Project

Author

Garbini, Marco, primary, Garbini, M., additional, Abbrescia, M., additional, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Baldini Ferroli, R., additional, Batignani, G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, De Gruttola, D., additional, De Pasquale, S., additional, Galante, L., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, La Rocca, P., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Mandaglio, G., additional, Margotti, A., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Panetta, M. P., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Perasso, L., additional, Pinazza, O., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scioli, G., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Williams, M. C. S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2022
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30. Reduction of Greenhouse Gases impact in the EEE Project

Author

Ripoli, C, primary, Abbrescia, M, additional, Avanzini, C, additional, Baldini, L, additional, Ferroli, R Baldini, additional, Batignani, G, additional, Battaglieri, M, additional, Boi, S, additional, Bossini, E, additional, Carnesecchi, F, additional, Cicalò, C, additional, Cifarelli, L, additional, Coccetti, F, additional, Coccia, E, additional, Corvaglia, A, additional, De Gruttola, D, additional, De Pasquale, S, additional, Fabbri, F, additional, Fulci, A, additional, Galante, L, additional, Garbini, M, additional, Gemme, G, additional, Gnesi, I, additional, Grazzi, S, additional, Hatzifotiadou, D, additional, La Rocca, P, additional, Liu, Z, additional, Mandaglio, G, additional, Maron, G, additional, Mazziotta, M N, additional, Mulliri, A, additional, Nania, R, additional, Noferini, F, additional, Nozzoli, F, additional, Palmonari, F, additional, Panareo, M, additional, Panetta, M P, additional, Paoletti, R, additional, Pellegrino, C, additional, Pinazza, O, additional, Pinto, C, additional, Pisano, S, additional, Riggi, F, additional, Righini, G, additional, Rizzi, M, additional, Sartorelli, G, additional, Scapparone, E, additional, Schioppa, M, additional, Scribano, A, additional, Selvi, M, additional, Serri, G, additional, Squarcia, S, additional, Taiuti, M, additional, Terreni, G, additional, Trifirò, A, additional, Trimarchi, M, additional, Triolo, A S, additional, Vistoli, C, additional, Votano, L, additional, Ungaro, M, additional, Williams, M C S, additional, Zichichi, A, additional, and Zuyeuski, R, additional

Published
2022
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31. Simulation tool for MRPC telescopes of EEE experiment

Author

Mandaglio, G., primary, Abbrescia, M., additional, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ferroli, R. Baldini, additional, Batignani, G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Bossini, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, De Gruttola, D., additional, De Pasquale, S., additional, Fabbri, F., additional, Fulci, A., additional, Galante, L., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, La Rocca, P., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Maimone, A., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M.N., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Panetta, M.P., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Pinazza, O., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G.C., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Serri, G., additional, Squarcia, S., additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Triolo, A.S., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Ungaro, M., additional, Williams, M.C.S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2022
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32. Outreach and educational activities within the EEE cosmic ray network

Author

Pinto, Chiara, Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., Fabbri, F. L., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Mandaglio, G., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Pinazza, O., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, C., Zichichi, A., Zuyeuski, R., Pinto, Chiara, Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., Fabbri, F. L., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Mandaglio, G., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Pinazza, O., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, C., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Extreme Energy Events, Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers, cosmic ray
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) network consists in a sparse array of telescopes based on Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers, installed in high school buildings all over the Italian territory and at CERN. Besides the many research activities concerned with extensive air shower detection, long distance correlation studies and additional physics results obtained during the last decade, the EEE project is extensively employed for educational and outreach activities, constituting a unique opportunity to promote a fruitful and close collaboration between students, high-school teachers and researchers. The involvement is at all levels, from the construction of the chambers during short stages at CERN over the past 15 years, with the participation of several hundred high-school students and teachers, to the installation, monitoring and data taking with the telescopes by highschool teams, to masterclasses, physics lectures, data analysis sessions and joint discussions on the results and their interpretation. Recent developments of the EEE network led to the installation and use of additional detectors in the Arctic region and on board of sailing ships, to measure the cosmic ray flux over large latitude intervals. Periodical remote and in presence (pre-Covid era) meetings allowed in these years a large participation (several thousand people) from the high-school community to the EEE activities. National and local outreach initiatives in cosmic ray physics are also carried out around Italy by the EEE network, as a contribution to the dissemination of science among young people.

Published
2021

33. Simulation tool for MRPC telescopes of EEE experiment

Author

Mandaglio, G, Abbrescia, M, Avanzini, C, Baldini, L, Ferroli, R Baldini, Batignani, G, Battaglieri, M, Boi, S, Bossini, E, Carnesecchi, F, Cicalò, C, Cifarelli, L, Coccetti, F, Coccia, E, Corvaglia, A, De Gruttola, D, De Pasquale, S, Fabbri, F, Fulci, A, Galante, L, Garbini, M, Gemme, G, Gnesi, I, Grazzi, S, Hatzifotiadou, D, La Rocca, P, Liu, Z, Maimone, A, Maron, G, Mazziotta, M N, Mulliri, A, Nania, R, Noferini, F, Nozzoli, F, Palmonari, F, Panareo, M, Panetta, M P, Paoletti, R, Pellegrino, C, Pinazza, O, Pinto, C, Pisano, S, Riggi, F, Righini, G C, Ripoli, C, Rizzi, M, Sartorelli, G, Scapparone, E, Schioppa, M, Scribano, A, Selvi, M, Serri, G, Squarcia, S, Taiuti, M, Terreni, G, Trifirò, A, Trimarchi, M, Triolo, A S, Vistoli, C, Votano, L, Ungaro, M, Williams, M C S, Zichichi, A, and Zuyeuski, R

Subjects
History, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) experiment consists in a network of cosmic muon tracker telescopes, each made of three Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC), able to precisely measure the absolute muon crossing time and the muon integrated angular flux at the ground level. To investigate the MRPC telescope response and performance, a simulation tool was developed in GEMC, software package based on GEANT4 libraries. The framework was validated by comparing simulations with the EEE experimental data. Detailed description of telescope response is fundamental to carry on the physics program of the EEE project, and it could open other research avenues, such as using the telescope in combination with other detectors to perform a (muon) tomography of material surrounding the telescope. In this paper, the EEE simulation framework will be presented reporting results and discussing further applications.

Published
2022

34. Looking at the sub-TeV sky with cosmic muons detected in the EEE MRPC telescopes

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Bencivenni, G., Bossini, E., Bressan, E., Chiavassa, A., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Di Giovanni, A., D’Incecco, M., Dreucci, M., Fabbri, F. L., Fattibene, E., Ferraro, A., Forster, R., Frolov, V., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Gustavino, C., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Maggiora, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Miozzi, S., Nozzoli, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Perasso, L., Pilo, F., Piragino, G., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Rodriguez Rodriguez, A., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serci, S., Siddi, E., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Vistoli, M. C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zani, S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Published
2015
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35. The Extreme-Energy Events Project: a bridge between school and professional research

Author

Pisano, S., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Fabrizio Coccetti, Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., Gruttola, D., Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Mandaglio, G., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., Zuyeuski, R., Pisano, Silvia, Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., Fabbri, F., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Grazzi, S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Mandaglio, G., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, C., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Subjects
Outreach, Cosmic ray, Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers, Scientific culture, Large Hadron Collider, Project commissioning, business.industry, Energy (esotericism), Telecommunications, business, Bridge (nautical), Scientific activity, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Extreme-Energy Events (EEE) Experiment is a cosmic ray observatory based on a network of detecting stations distributed over the Italian territory and at CERN. A station of the network, called “telescope”, consists of three superimposed Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs), each one covering a surface of about 1.5 $m^2$, used with the same technology as the time-of-flight detector of the ALICE experiment at CERN-LHC. Data are collected and sent in real time to the INFN-CNAF computer center for reconstruction and analysis. The large area covered by the network, ranging from Southern Italy up to the CERN laboratories, was achieved with the decision to install the detectors inside high schools, involving students and teachers in a modern experiment within a unique program. This very coexistence of scientific activity and outreach represents the uniqueness of the EEE Project. % The outreach programme is articulated in several initiatives, each encoding the different aspects of the research activity normally expected in a high-energy physics experiment. Students are involved in detector construction at CERN, installation in school, and in the commissioning of the station when data taking starts. Once the detector reaches a steady working regime, students are requested to monitor on a daily basis the performance of the telescope and report any failure. In parallel to the hardware-related operations, students learn how to perform the analysis of EEE data under the supervision of their teachers and of the EEE researchers, supporting the scientific output of the experiment. Every month students report progress and issues in a dedicated online meeting open to all schools and to the EEE researchers. Beside this monthly appointment, in the pre-COVID era an in-person meeting was taking place twice per year, hosted by the \textit{Ettore Majorana Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture} in Erice or by a school or institution involved in the project. During a three-day, students attend masterclasses and take part in measurement campaigns, disseminating their results by submitting contributions to important outreach-oriented journals (such as the Italian \textit{Giornale di Fisica}).

Published
2021

36. Underground muon flux measured by EEE students

Author

Boi, S, Abbrescia, M, Avanzini, C, Baldini, L, Baldini Ferroli, R, Batignani, G, Battaglieri, M, Bossini, E, Carnesecchi, F, Cicalò, C, Cifarelli, L, Coccetti, F, Coccia, E, Corvaglia, A, De Gruttola, D, De Pasquale, S, Fabbri, F, Galante, L, Garbini, M, Gemme, G, Gnesi, I, Grazzi, S, Hatzifotiadou, D, La Rocca, P, Liu, Z, Mandaglio, G, Maron, G, Mazziotta, M N, Mulliri, A, Nania, R, Noferini, F, Nozzoli, F, Palmonari, F, Panareo, M, Panetta, M P, Paoletti, R, Pellegrino, C, Pinazza, O, Pinto, C, Pisano, S, Riggi, F, Righini, G C, Ripoli, C, Rizzi, M, Sartorelli, G, Scapparone, E, Schioppa, M, Scribano, A, Selvi, M, Serri, G, Squarcia, S, Taiuti, M, Terreni, G, Trifirò, A, Trimarchi, M, Vistoli, C, Votano, L, Williams, M C S, Zichichi, A, Zuyeuski, R, Boi, S, Abbrescia, M, Avanzini, C, Baldini, L, Baldini Ferroli, R, Batignani, G, Battaglieri, M, Bossini, E, Carnesecchi, F, Cical??, C, Cifarelli, L, Coccetti, F, Coccia, E, Corvaglia, A, De Gruttola, D, De Pasquale, S, Fabbri, F, Galante, L, Garbini, M, Gemme, G, Gnesi, I, Grazzi, S, Hatzifotiadou, D, La Rocca, P, Liu, Z, Mandaglio, G, Maron, G, N Mazziotta, M, Mulliri, A, Nania, R, Noferini, F, Nozzoli, F, Palmonari, F, Panareo, M, P Panetta, M, Paoletti, R, Pellegrino, C, Pinazza, O, Pinto, C, Pisano, S, Riggi, F, C Righini, G, Ripoli, C, Rizzi, M, Sartorelli, G, Scapparone, E, Schioppa, M, Scribano, A, Selvi, M, Serri, G, Squarcia, S, Taiuti, M, Terreni, G, Trifir??, A, Trimarchi, M, Vistoli, C, Votano, L, S Williams, M C, Zichichi, A, and Zuyeuski, R

Subjects
History, Cosmic rays, muon flux, Multigap Resistive Plate Chamber, Underground measurement, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract

The Extreme Energy Events experiment (EEE) is a cosmic ray observatory made of about 60 muon telescopes based on Multigap Resistive Plate Chamber (MRPC) detectors. The EEE experiment has two main targets: a scientific and a dissemination. The EEE collaboration has also developed a large set of portable scintillator-based detectors, named Cosmic Box (CB), mainly used for educational purposes. The CB allows students to perform cosmic ray counting measurements in several environments. CBs are made of two 15 × 15 × 1 cm scintillators read by two 3 × 3 mm2 SiPMs operated in coincidence. Three CBs were deployed in Nuraxi Figus and Seruci coal mine to perform an underground measurement of the cosmic muon flux attenuation. High school and university students were directly involved in all the stages of the measurements: from the preliminary measurements to the on-site work and data analysis.

Published
2021

37. Underground muon flux measured by EEE students

Author

Boi, S, primary, Abbrescia, M, additional, Avanzini, C, additional, Baldini, L, additional, Baldini Ferroli, R, additional, Batignani, G, additional, Battaglieri, M, additional, Bossini, E, additional, Carnesecchi, F, additional, Cicalò, C, additional, Cifarelli, L, additional, Coccetti, F, additional, Coccia, E, additional, Corvaglia, A, additional, De Gruttola, D, additional, De Pasquale, S, additional, Fabbri, F, additional, Galante, L, additional, Garbini, M, additional, Gemme, G, additional, Gnesi, I, additional, Grazzi, S, additional, Hatzifotiadou, D, additional, La Rocca, P, additional, Liu, Z, additional, Mandaglio, G, additional, Maron, G, additional, Mazziotta, M N, additional, Mulliri, A, additional, Nania, R, additional, Noferini, F, additional, Nozzoli, F, additional, Palmonari, F, additional, Panareo, M, additional, Panetta, M P, additional, Paoletti, R, additional, Pellegrino, C, additional, Pinazza, O, additional, Pinto, C, additional, Pisano, S, additional, Riggi, F, additional, Righini, G C, additional, Ripoli, C, additional, Rizzi, M, additional, Sartorelli, G, additional, Scapparone, E, additional, Schioppa, M, additional, Scribano, A, additional, Selvi, M, additional, Serri, G, additional, Squarcia, S, additional, Taiuti, M, additional, Terreni, G, additional, Trifirò, A, additional, Trimarchi, M, additional, Vistoli, C, additional, Votano, L, additional, Williams, M C S, additional, Zichichi, A, additional, and Zuyeuski, R, additional

Published
2021
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38. The Extreme-Energy Events Project: a bridge between school and professional research

Author

Pisano, Silvia, primary, Abbrescia, M., additional, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Baldini Ferroli, R., additional, Batignani, G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Bossini, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, De Gruttola, D., additional, Fabbri, F., additional, Galante, L., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, La Rocca, P., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Mandaglio, G., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Panetta, M. P., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Pinazza, O., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Serri, G., additional, Squarcia, S., additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Williams, C., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2021
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39. Towards a full and realistic simulation framework for the Extreme Energy Events experiment

Author

Grazzi, S., Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Baldini, L., Baldini Ferroli, R., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., Daniele De Gruttola, Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Mandaglio, G., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Pellegrino, C., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G. C., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., Zuyeuski, R., Grazzi, Stefano, Abbrescia, Marcello, Avanzini, Carlo, Baldini, Luca, Baldini Ferroli, Rinaldo, Batignani, Giovanni, Battaglieri, Marco, Boi, Stefano, Bossini, Edoardo, Carnesecchi, Francesca, Cicalo, Corrado, Cifarelli, Luisa, Coccetti, Fabrizio, Coccia, Eugenio, Corvaglia, Alessandro, De Gruttola, Daniele, De Pasquale, Salvatore, Fabbri, Franco Luigi, Galante, Lorenzo, Garbini, Marco, Gemme, Gianluca, Gnesi, Ivan, Hatzifotiadou, Despina, Liu, Zheng, Mandaglio, Giuseppe, Maron, Gaetano, Mazziotta, Mario Nicola, Mulliri, Alice, Nania, Rosario, Noferini, Francesco, Nozzoli, Francesco, Palmonari, Federico, Panareo, Marco, Panetta, Maria Paola, Paoletti, Riccardo, Pellegrino, Carmelo, Perasso, Laura, Pinazza, Ombretta, Pinto, Chiara, Pisano, Silvia, Riggi, Francesco, Righini, Giancarlo Cesare, Ripoli, Cristina, Rizzi, Matteo, Sartorelli, Gabriella, Scapparone, Eugenio, Schioppa, Marco, Scribano, Angelo, Selvi, Marco, Serri, Gabriella, Squarcia, Sandro, Taiuti, Mauro, Terreni, Giuseppe, Trifirò, Antonio, Trimarchi, Marina, Vistoli, Cristina, Votano, Lucia, Williams, Meurig Crispin Stowe, Zichichi, Antonino, Zuyeuski, Roman, and La Rocca, Paola

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers, very high energy cosmic rays, GEANT4, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Detectors and Experimental Techniques
Abstract

The network of MRPC (Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers) telescopes of the Extreme Energy Events experiment (EEE) was designed to study very high energy cosmic rays through detection of secondary cosmic muons in the hadronic shower. To better understand and predict the behavior of such events, a GEANT4-based simulation framework that well reproduces the response of individual telescopes was built. Simulations are crucial to better understand the detectors performance in current setup and how these are affected by the specific installations. This is the first step towards a full simulation framework that includes a realistic generation, now limited to muons, of secondary particles and propagation through the atmosphere of the shower produced by primary rays. The current framework can be used to characterize and optimize the array of EEE telescopes, simulating not only the single detectors but also telescope's clusters, providing insight in extreme energy and rare events. In this contribution, the EEE simulation framework and future plans will be presented.

Published
2021

40. The cosmic muon and detector simulation framework of the extreme energy events (EEE) experiment

Author

Abbrescia, M., primary, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ferroli, R. Baldini, additional, Batignani, G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Bossini, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, De Gruttola, D., additional, De Pasquale, S., additional, Fabbri, F., additional, Fulci, A., additional, Galante, L., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, Rocca, P. La, additional, Liu, Z., additional, Mandaglio, G., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Panetta, M. P., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Pinazza, O., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Serri, G., additional, Squarcia, S, additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Triolo, A. S., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Ungaro, M., additional, Williams, M. C. S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2021
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41. The EEE Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers as tracking devices to monitor the stability of a civil building

Author

Pinto, C., primary, Abbrescia, M., additional, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Baldini Ferroli, R., additional, Batignani, L.G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Bossini, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, De Gruttola, D., additional, De Pasquale, S., additional, Fabbri, L., additional, Galante, L., additional, Galeotti, P., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, La Rocca, P., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Mandaglio, G., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M.N., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Panetta, M.P., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Perasso, L., additional, Piragino, G., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G.C., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Serri, G., additional, Squarcia, S., additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifiró, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Vistoli, M.C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Williams, M.C.S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2021
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42. The Boomerang Sampler

Author

Bierkens, G.N.J.C., Grazzi, S., Kamatani, K., and Roberts, G. O.

Abstract

This paper introduces the boomerang sampler as a novel class of continuous-time non-reversible Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms. The methodology begins by representing the target density as a density, e(−U), with respect to a prescribed (usually) Gaussian measure and constructs a continuous trajectory consisting of a piecewise circular path. The method moves from one circular orbit to another according to a rate function which can be written in terms of U. We demonstrate that the method is easy to implement and demonstrate empirically that it can out-perform existing benchmark piecewise deterministic Markov processes such as the bouncy particle sampler and the Zig-Zag. In the Bayesian statistics context, these competitor algorithms are of substantial interest in the large data context due to the fact that they can adopt data subsampling techniques which are exact (ie induce no error in the stationary distribution). We demonstrate theoretically and empirically that we can also construct a control-variate subsampling boomerang sampler which is also exact, and which possesses remarkable scaling properties in the large data limit. We furthermore illustrate a factorised version on the simulation of diffusion bridges.

Published
2020

43. Erratum to: New high precision measurements of the cosmic charged particle rate beyond the Arctic Circle with the PolarquEEEst experiment (The European Physical Journal C, (2020), 80, 7, (665), 10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8213-2)

Author

Abbrescia, M., Avanzini, C., Arlandoo, M., Balbi, G., Baldini, L., Ferroli, R. B., Batignani, G., Battaglieri, M., Boi, S., Cavazza, D., Bossini, E., Carnesecchi, F., Cicalo, C., Cifarelli, L., Coccetti, F., Coccia, E., Corvaglia, A., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., Fabbri, F., Falchieri, D., Flammini, A., Galante, L., Garbini, M., Gemme, G., Gnesi, I., Gramstad, E., Grazzi, S., Haland, E. S., Hatzifotiadou, D., La Rocca, P., Liu, Z., Lombardo, L., Mandaglio, G., Margotti, A., Maron, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Meneghini, S., Millerjord, S. A., Mulliri, A., Nania, R., Noferini, F., Nozzoli, F., Ould-Saada, F., Palmonari, F., Panareo, M., Panetta, M. P., Paoletti, R., Parvis, M., Pellegrino, C., Perasso, L., Pinazza, O., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Riggi, F., Righini, G., Ripoli, C., Rizzi, M., Sartorelli, G., Scapparone, E., Schioppa, M., Scioli, G., Scribano, A., Selvi, M., Serri, G., Squarcia, S., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Torromeo, G., Travaglini, R., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Veri, C., Vistoli, C., Votano, L., Williams, M. C. S., Zichichi, A., and Zuyeuski, R.

Published
2020

44. Strategies to reduce the environmental impact in the MRPC array of the EEE experiment

Author

Panetta, M.P., primary, Abbrescia, M., additional, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ferroli, R. Baldini, additional, Batignani, G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Bossini, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, Gruttola, D. De, additional, Pasquale, S. De, additional, Fabbri, F., additional, Falchieri, D., additional, Galante, L., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, Rocca, P. La, additional, Liu, Z., additional, Lombardo, L., additional, Mandaglio, G., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Parvis, M., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Perasso, L., additional, Pinazza, O., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Serri, G., additional, Squarcia, S., additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Williams, M.C.S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2020
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45. A simulation tool for MRPC telescopes of the EEE project

Author

Mandaglio, G., primary, Abbrescia, M., additional, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ferroli, R. Baldini, additional, Batignani, G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Bossin, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, Gruttola, D. De, additional, Pasquale, S. De, additional, Fabbri, F., additional, Fulci, A., additional, Falchieri, D., additional, Galante, L., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, Rocca, P. La, additional, Liu, Z., additional, Lombardo, L., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Panetta, M. P., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Parvis, M., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Perasso, L., additional, Pinazza, O., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Serri, G., additional, Squarcia, S, additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Triolo, A.S., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Williams, M. C. S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2020
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46. Search for long distance time correlations between cosmic air showers with the MRPC telescopes of the EEE network

Author

La Rocca, P., primary, Abbrescia, M., additional, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Baldini Ferroli, R., additional, Batignani, Giovanni, additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Bossini, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, De Gruttola, D., additional, De Pasquale, S., additional, Fabbri, F., additional, Galante, L., additional, Galeotti, P., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Mandaglio, G., additional, Maron, G., additional, N. Mazziotta, M., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, P. Panetta, M., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Perasso, L., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Piragino, G., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Serri, G., additional, Squarcia, S, additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Williams, M. C. S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2020
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47. Scientific and educational aspects of the EEE Project

Author

La Rocca, P., primary, Abbrescia, M., additional, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Baldini Ferroli, R., additional, Batignani, G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Bossini, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, De Gruttola, D., additional, De Pasquale, S., additional, Fabbri, F., additional, Galante, L., additional, Galeotti, P., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Mandaglio, G., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Panetta, M. P., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Perasso, L., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Piragino, G., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Serri, G., additional, Squarcia, S, additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Williams, M. C. S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2020
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48. Results from the PolarquEEEst missions

Author

Abbrescia, M., primary, Avanzini, C., additional, Balbi, G., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Baldini Ferroli, R., additional, Batignani, G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Cavazza, D., additional, Bossini, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, De Gruttola, D., additional, De Pasquale, S., additional, Fabbri, F., additional, Falchieri, D., additional, Flammini, A., additional, Galante, L., additional, Galeotti, P., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, La Rocca, P., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Lombardo, L., additional, Mandaglio, G., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Meneghin, S., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Panetta, M. P., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Parvis, M., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Perasso, L., additional, Pinazza, O., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scioli, G., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Serri, G., additional, Squarcia, S, additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Torromeo, G., additional, Travaglini, R., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Veri, C., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Williams, M. C. S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2020
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49. Monitoring the long term stability of civil buildings through the MRPC telescopes of the EEE Project

Author

Pinto, C, primary, Abbrescia, M, additional, Avanzini, C, additional, Baldini, L, additional, Baldini Ferroli, R, additional, Batignani, G, additional, Battaglieri, M, additional, Boi, S, additional, Bossini, E, additional, Carnesecchi, F, additional, Cicalò, C, additional, Cifarelli, L, additional, Coccetti, F, additional, Coccia, E, additional, Corvaglia, A, additional, De Gruttola, D, additional, De Pasquale, S, additional, Fabbri, F, additional, Galante, L, additional, Galeotti, P, additional, Garbini, M, additional, Gemme, G, additional, Gnesi, I, additional, Grazzi, S, additional, Hatzifotiadou, D, additional, La Rocca, P, additional, Liu, Z, additional, Mandaglio, G, additional, Maron, G, additional, Mazziotta, M N, additional, Mulliri, A, additional, Nania, R, additional, Noferini, F, additional, Nozzoli, F, additional, Palmonari, F, additional, Panareo, M, additional, Panetta, M P, additional, Paoletti, R, additional, Pellegrino, C, additional, Perasso, L, additional, Piragino, G, additional, Pisano, S, additional, Riggi, F, additional, Righini, G, additional, Ripoli, C, additional, Rizzi, M, additional, Sartorelli, G, additional, Scapparone, E, additional, Schioppa, M, additional, Scribano, A, additional, Selvi, M, additional, Serri, G, additional, Squarcia, S, additional, Taiuti, M, additional, Terreni, G, additional, Trifirò, A, additional, Trimarchi, M, additional, Vistoli, C, additional, Votano, L, additional, Williams, M C S, additional, Zichichi, A, additional, and Zuyeuski, R, additional

Published
2020
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50. MRPC Telescope Simulation for the Extreme Energy Events Experiment

Author

Mandaglio, G., primary, Abbrescia, M., additional, Avanzini, C., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Baldini Ferroli, R., additional, Batignani, G., additional, Battaglieri, M., additional, Boi, S., additional, Bossini, E., additional, Carnesecchi, F., additional, Cicalò, C., additional, Cifarelli, L., additional, Coccetti, F., additional, Coccia, E., additional, Corvaglia, A., additional, De Gruttola, D., additional, De Pasquale, S., additional, Fabbri, F., additional, Fulci, A., additional, Galante, L., additional, Galeotti, P., additional, Garbini, M., additional, Gemme, G., additional, Gnesi, I., additional, Grazzi, S., additional, Hatzifotiadou, D., additional, La Rocca, P., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Maron, G., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Mulliri, A., additional, Nania, R., additional, Noferini, F., additional, Nozzoli, F., additional, Palmonari, F., additional, Panareo, M., additional, Panetta, M. P., additional, Paoletti, R., additional, Pellegrino, C., additional, Perasso, L., additional, Pinto, C., additional, Piragino, G., additional, Pisano, S., additional, Riggi, F., additional, Righini, G., additional, Ripoli, C., additional, Rizzi, M., additional, Sartorelli, G., additional, Scapparone, E., additional, Schioppa, M., additional, Scribano, A., additional, Selvi, M., additional, Serri, G., additional, Squarcia, S, additional, Taiuti, M., additional, Terreni, G., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Triolo, A.S., additional, Vistoli, C., additional, Votano, L., additional, Williams, M. C. S., additional, Zichichi, A., additional, and Zuyeuski, R., additional

Published
2020
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