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Research has suggested that availability of healthful food varies according to rurality/urbanicity, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation, and sociodemographic variables. We investigated differences in variety and cost of fruits and vegetables in convenience stores, grocery stores, and supermarkets across Mississippi. We collected data using the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey--Corner Store. Among stores surveyed (n = 453), fruit and vegetable variety was greater in nonmetro versus metro areas for convenience and grocery stores but not supermarkets. Elucidation of food availability in retail establishments serving SNAP Education (SNAP-Ed) clients is valuable for planning outreach efforts; smaller retailers may be important partners in rural settings.

Objective: To evaluate the agreement between a 61-item Nutrition Screening Survey (NSS) and 127-item validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Participants: Forty-seven college students (male, n = 29; female, n = 18), age 21.7 ± 0.4 years, BMI of 23.5 ± 0.4 kg/m[superscript 2]. Methods: Participants completed the NSS, Block FFQ, and anthropometric measurements. Pearson's correlation, paired sample t test, and Bland-Altman plot evaluated agreement between the assessments. Results: Moderate to strong associations between assessments (0.61-0.89, p < 0.001) were identified for meals/day, snacks/day, calories, carbohydrate, fiber, grains, non-starchy vegetables, potatoes, legumes, fruit, yogurt, cheese, and eggs. Mean daily meals/day, calories, fat, fiber, grains, fruit, milk, and eggs did not significantly differ between surveys. The Bland-Altman plot analyses indicated no proportional bias for calories, fat, fiber, grains, fruit, milk, and eggs. p Conclusions: The NSS and Block FFQ display reasonable agreement, supporting use of the NSS for evaluating a range of dietary components among physically active college students.

Cooking attitudes and behaviors among college students--and related implications to dietary quality--are largely unexplored. This study assessed the relationship between college students' fruit and vegetable intakes and cooking attitudes, confidence, and frequency (N = 448) using a cross-sectional survey. Hierarchical linear regression models examined associations between cooking attitudes, confidence, and frequency of fruit and vegetable intake. Fruit and vegetable intake was positively correlated with cooking attitudes, confidence, and frequency. Regression analysis indicated cooking frequency is a significant predictor of fruit and vegetable consumption when controlling for sex, kitchen access, and cooking attitudes and confidence. Future studies are needed to investigate the impact of cooking interventions on diet quality.

AimsGlucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) contributes to insulin secretion after meals. Though Hispanics have increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus, it is unknown if impaired GLP-1 secretion contributes to this risk. We therefore studied plasma GLP-1 secretion and action in Hispanic adults.MethodsHispanic (H; n = 31) and non-Hispanic (nH; n = 15) participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). All participants were categorized by glucose tolerance into four groups: normal glucose tolerant non-Hispanic (NGT-nH; n = 15), normal glucose tolerant Hispanic (NGT-H; n = 12), impaired glucose tolerant Hispanic (IGT-H; n = 11), or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, Hispanic (T2D-H; n = 8).ResultsGlucose-induced increments in plasma GLP-1 (Δ-GLP-1) were not different in NGT-H and NGT-nH (p = .38), nor amongst Hispanic subgroups with varying degrees of glucose homeostasis (p = .6). In contrast, the insulinogenic index in T2D-H group was lower than the other groups (p = .016). Subjects with abnormal glucose homeostasis (AGH), i.e., T2D-H plus IGT-H, had a diminished glucagon suppression index compared to patients with normal glucose homeostasis (NGT-H plus NGT-nH) (p = .035).ConclusionsGLP-1 responses to glucose were similar in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic NGT. Despite similar glucose-induced Δ-GLP-1, insulin and glucagon responses were abnormal in T2D-H and AGH, respectively. Thus, impaired GLP-1 secretion is unlikely to play a role in islet dysfunction in T2D. Although GLP-1 therapeutics enhance insulin secretion and glucagon suppression, it is likely due to pharmacological amplification of the GLP-1 pathways rather than treatment of hormonal deficiency.

Background: Although service-learning scholarship in physical education teacher education (PETE) programs has shown positive results, little is known about the reciprocal benefits of PETE service-learning programs on underserved students and physical education preservice teachers. Purpose: This study examined the impacts on students and teachers of integrating two physical education curricula within a service-learning program using a mixed-methods approach. Methods: A pretest--posttest design investigated changes in cardiorespiratory endurance training among students (n = 50). Reflective journals, interviews, and field notes assessed program impact on preservice teachers (n = 16). Results: Findings revealed a significant improvement in cardiorespiratory endurance among students, while qualitative data provide evidence of increases in general pedagogical content, knowledge of curriculum, and knowledge of educational contexts among teachers. Discussion/Conclusion: This study adds important reciprocity findings to PETE service-learning literature.

Background: Existing literature indicates a relationship between stress and emotional eating in adults, yet limited research has examined the impact of school-related stress on emotional eating in adolescents. This study investigated the influence of academic factors on emotional eating among minority adolescents. Methods: A survey was implemented among a sample of minority adolescents (N = 666) to investigate the relationship between emotional eating and 3 academic factors: academic self-esteem, grade point average (GPA), and academic worries. Forced-entry multiple linear regressions were used to test for relationships. Results: Findings indicate that GPA, academic self-esteem, and academic worries were related to emotional eating scores in adolescents. There were no significant differences in academic factors between emotional eaters and nonemotional eaters. Conclusions: Additional research is needed to further elucidate the complex interaction between emotional eating behavior and academics.

Objective: To evaluate the agreement between a 61-item Nutrition Screening Survey (NSS) and 127-item validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Participants: Forty-seven college students (male, n=29; female, n=18), age 21.7±0.4 years, BMI of 23.5±0.4 kg/m². Methods: Participants completed the NSS, Block FFQ, and anthropometric measurements. Pearson’s correlation, paired sample t test, and Bland-Altman plot evaluated agreement between the assessments. Results: Moderate to strong associations between assessments (0.61-0.89, p<0.001) were identified for meals/day, snacks/day, calories, carbohydrate, fiber, grains, non-starchy vegetables, potatoes, legumes, fruit, yogurt, cheese, and eggs. Mean daily meals/day, calories, fat, fiber, grains, fruit, milk, and eggs did not significantly differ between surveys. The Bland-Altman plot analyses indicated no proportional bias for calories, fat, fiber, grains, fruit, milk, and eggs. Conclusions: The NSS and Block FFQ display reasonable agreement, supporting use of the NSS for evaluating a range of dietary components among physically active college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluated the impact of a College Focused Rapid Rehousing (CFRRH) program on food security, food assistance, and nutrition habits. In California, as 11-19% of college students experience homelessness and 41-50% are food insecure, the state invested in the development of CFRRH programs. CFRRH is broadly based on the Housing First model: an intervention that provides access to housing that is not conditional upon additional treatment requirements. Since basic needs insecurities often coexist, evaluation of the impacts of a housing intervention on other insecurities, such as food insecurity, is needed. CFRRH students in 2 community colleges and 8, 4-year universities in California participated in the evaluation. CFRRH is a university-community partnership that provides housing subsidies, housing support, and basic needs case management for college students experiencing homelessness. Survey data were collected at baseline (n=181) and follow up (n=60) from program participants to assess food security, food assistance, and food purchasing, preparation, and consumption habits. Interviews (n=40) were conducted to assess participant's perceptions of the program's impact on their eating habits. Approximately 74% of participants reported very low or low food security at baseline with no significant differences at follow up. There was no change in receiving assistance applying for CalFresh or visiting the campus food pantry by time in the program. Students moderately agreed that the CFRRH program allowed them to purchase healthier foods (mean 3.8, SD 1.0), cook more at home (mean 3.8; SD 1.19), and consume a healthier diet (mean 3.5; SD 1.14). In interviews, some highlighted that while in the program they ate healthier meals and reported improved food storage and kitchen access. CFRRH had a modest impact on participant cooking and diet. As no significant change was seen in food security or in accessing food resources, more attention could be paid to providing food security resources in CFRRH. Kaiser Family Foundation, Angel Foundation, Kresge Foundation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]