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2. Baryon Number Violation

Author

Babu, K. S., Kearns, E., Al-Binni, U., Banerjee, S., Baxter, D. V., Berezhiani, Z., Bergevin, M., Bhattacharya, S., Brice, S., Brock, R., Burgess, T. W., Castellanos, L., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, M-C., Church, E., Coppola, C. E., Cowen, D. F., Cowsik, R., Crabtree, J. A., Davoudiasl, H., Dermisek, R., Dolgov, A., Dutta, B., Dvali, G., Ferguson, P., Perez, P. Fileviez, Gabriel, T., Gal, A., Gallmeier, F., Ganezer, K. S., Gogoladze, I., Golubeva, E. S., Graves, V. B., Greene, G., Handler, T., Hartfiel, B., Hawari, A., Heilbronn, L., Hill, J., Jaffe, D., Johnson, C., Jung, C. K., Kamyshkov, Y., Kerbikov, B., Kopeliovich, B. Z., Kopeliovich, V. B., Korsch, W., Lachenmaier, T., Langacker, P., Liu, C-Y., Marciano, W. J., Mocko, M., Mohapatra, R. N., Mokhov, N., Muhrer, G., Mumm, P., Nath, P., Obayashi, Y., Okun, L., Pati, J. C., Pattie Jr., R. W., Phillips II, D. G., Quigg, C., Raaf, J. L., Raby, S., Ramberg, E., Ray, A., Roy, A., Ruggles, A., Sarkar, U., Saunders, A., Serebrov, A., Shafi, Q., Shimizu, H., Shiozawa, M., Shrock, R., Sikdar, A. K., Snow, W. M., Soha, A., Spanier, S., Stavenga, G. C., Striganov, S., Svoboda, R., Tang, Z., Tavartkiladze, Z., Townsend, L., Tulin, S., Vainshtein, A., Van Kooten, R., Wagner, C. E. M., Wang, Z., Wehring, B., Wilson, R. J., Wise, M., Yokoyama, M., and Young, A. R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This report, prepared for the Community Planning Study - Snowmass 2013 - summarizes the theoretical motivations and the experimental efforts to search for baryon number violation, focussing on nucleon decay and neutron-antineutron oscillations. Present and future nucleon decay search experiments using large underground detectors, as well as planned neutron-antineutron oscillation search experiments with free neutron beams are highlighted., Comment: Report of the Community Summer Study (Snowmass 2013), Intensity Frontier -- Baryon Number Violation Group

Published
2013

3. Neutron-Antineutron Oscillations: A Snowmass 2013 White Paper

Author

Babu, K., Banerjee, S., Baxter, D. V., Berezhiani, Z., Bergevin, M., Bhattacharya, S., Brice, S., Burgess, T. W., Castellanos, L., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, M-C., Coppola, C. E., Cowsik, R., Crabtree, J. A., Das, P., Dees, E. B., Dolgov, A., Dvali, G., Ferguson, P., Frost, M., Gabriel, T., Gal, A., Gallmeier, F., Ganezer, K., Golubeva, E., Graves, V. B., Greene, G., Handler, T., Hartfiel, B., Hawari, A., Heilbronn, L., Johnson, C., Kamyshkov, Y., Kerbikov, B., Kitaguchi, M., Kopeliovich, B. Z., Kopeliovich, V. B., Korsch, W., Kuzmin, V., Liu, C-Y., McGaughey, P., Mocko, M., Mohapatra, R., Mokhov, N., Muhrer, G., Mumm, P., Okun, L., Pattie Jr., R. W., Phillips II, D. G., Quigg, C., Ramberg, E., Ray, A., Roy, A., Ruggles, A., Sarkar, U., Saunders, A., Serebrov, A. P., Shimizu, H. M., Shrock, R., Sikdar, A. K., Sjue, S., Snow, W. M., Soha, A., Spanier, S., Striganov, S., Townsend, L., Tschirhart, R., Vainshtein, A., Van Kooten, R., Wang, Z., Wehring, B., and Young, A. R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

This paper summarizes discussions of the theoretical developments and the studies performed by the NNbarX collaboration for the 2013 Snowmass Community Summer Study., Comment: A white paper for the 2013 Snowmass Community Summer Study

Published
2013

4. Interim Design Report

Author

Abrams, R. J., Agarwalla, S. K., Alekou, A., Andreopoulos, C., Ankenbrandt, C. M., Antusch, S., Apollonio, M., Aslaninejad, M., Back, J., Ballett, P., Barker, G., Beard, K. B., Benedetto, E., Bennett, J. R. J., Berg, J. S., Bhattacharya, S., Blackmore, V., Blennow, M., Blondel, A., Bogacz, A., Bonesini, M., Bontoiu, C., Booth, C., Bromberg, C., Brooks, S., Bross, A., Caretta, O., Cervera-Villanueva, A., Choubey, S., Cline, D., Cobb, J., Coloma, P., Coney, L., Cummings, M. A. C., Davenne, T., de Gouvea, A., Densham, C., Ding, X., Donini, A., Dornan, P., Dracos, M., Dufour, F., Eccleston, R., Edgecock, R., Efthymiopoulos, I., Ellis, M., Fernandez-Martinez, E., Fernow, R., Flanagan, G., Gallardo, J. C., Gandhi, R., Garoby, R., Gavela, B., Geer, S., Gilardoni, S., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Goswami, S., Graves, V. B., Gupta, R., Hanson, G., Harrison, P., Hart, T., Hernandez, P., Huber, P., Indumathi, D., Johnson, R. P., Johnstone, C., Karadzhov, Y., Kelliher, D., Kirk, H., Kopp, J., Kudenko, Y., Kuno, Y., Kurup, A., Kyberd, P., Laing, A., Li, T., Lindner, M., Long, K., Pavon, J. Lopez, Loveridge, P., Machida, S., Majumdar, D., Maltoni, M., Martin-Albo, J., Martini, M., Matev, R., McDonald, K. T., McFarland, A., Meloni, D., Mezzetto, M., Migliozzi, P., Mishra, S. R., Mokhov, N., Mondal, N., Morfin, J., Mori, Y., Morozov, V., Neuffer, D., Ota, T., Palladino, V., Parke, S., Pascoli, S., Pasternak, J., Peltoniemi, J., Petti, R., Planche, T., Popovic, M., Pozimski, J., Prior, G., Prior, C., Rees, G., Rigolin, S., Roberts, T. J., Roblin, Y., Rogers, C., Samulyak, R., Schwetz, T., Simos, N., Sinha, N., Skoro, G., Snopok, P., Soler, F. J. P., Souchlas, N., Strait, J., Stratakis, D., Striganov, S., Tang, J., Thomason, J. W. G., Tortora, L., Tsenov, R., Winter, W., Witte, H., Yasuda, O., Yoshikawa, C. Y., and Zisman, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (the IDS-NF) was established by the community at the ninth "International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, super-beams, and beta- beams" which was held in Okayama in August 2007. The IDS-NF mandate is to deliver the Reference Design Report (RDR) for the facility on the timescale of 2012/13. In addition, the mandate for the study [3] requires an Interim Design Report to be delivered midway through the project as a step on the way to the RDR. This document, the IDR, has two functions: it marks the point in the IDS-NF at which the emphasis turns to the engineering studies required to deliver the RDR and it documents baseline concepts for the accelerator complex, the neutrino detectors, and the instrumentation systems. The IDS-NF is, in essence, a site-independent study. Example sites, CERN, FNAL, and RAL, have been identified to allow site-specific issues to be addressed in the cost analysis that will be presented in the RDR. The choice of example sites should not be interpreted as implying a preferred choice of site for the facility.

Published
2011

6. Positron scattering from pyrazine

Author

Edwards, D., primary, Stevens, D., additional, Cheong, Z., additional, Graves, V., additional, Gorfinkiel, J. D., additional, Blanco, F., additional, Garcia, G., additional, Brunger, M. J., additional, White, R. D., additional, and Sullivan, J. P., additional

Published
2021
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7. Positron scattering from pyrazine

Author

Edwards, D., Stevens, D., Cheong, Z., Graves, V., Gorfinkiel, J. D., Blanco Ramos, Francisco, García, G., Brunger, M. J., White, R. D., Sullivan, J. P., Edwards, D., Stevens, D., Cheong, Z., Graves, V., Gorfinkiel, J. D., Blanco Ramos, Francisco, García, G., Brunger, M. J., White, R. D., and Sullivan, J. P.

Abstract

©2021 American Physical Society. The authors would like to acknowledge R. Tranter for his ongoing technical support of the experimental apparatus used in these experiments. Funding is acknowledged from the Australian Research Council Discovery program (Grant No. DP190100696). V.G. acknowledges support from the EPSRC Doctoral Training Partnership EP/T518165/1. F.B. and G.G. acknowledge partial financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (Project No. PID2019-104727RB-C21) and CSIC (Project No. LINKA20085)., The present paper provides a joint experimental and theoretical study of positron scattering from pyrazine. Experimental data were measured employing a low-energy positron beamline, and covered an energy range from 1 to 79 eV. Cross sections were measured for total scattering, total elastic scattering, positronium formation, direct ionization, and the sum of the total discrete electronic-state excitation processes. In addition, measured total electronic excitation cross sections for the individual 1(1)B3u, 1(1)B2u, 1(1)B1u, and 2(1)B2u states are also reported. Finally, experimental elastic differential cross sections (DCSs), here in the energy range 1-20 eV, are also presented. Results from two theoretical approaches are given: the R-matrix approach and the independent atom method with screening corrected additivity rule and interference terms. Where a comparison between our experimental and theoretical results could be made, the level of accord varied from being quite good to marginal depending on the actual scattering process under consideration. Last, a comparison between the present elastic DCS results and those from our earlier study on positron scattering from pyrimidine [Palihawadana et al., Phys. Rev. A 88, 012717 (2013)] showed a somewhat unexpected level of agreement., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Australian Research Council, EPSRC Doctoral Training Partnership UK, Depto. de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2021

8. Positron scattering from pyrazine

Author

Australian Research Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Edwards, D., Stevens, D., Cheong, Z., Graves, V., Gorfinkiel, J.D., Blanco, F., García, Gustavo, Brunger, M.J., White, R.D., Sullivan, J.P., Australian Research Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Edwards, D., Stevens, D., Cheong, Z., Graves, V., Gorfinkiel, J.D., Blanco, F., García, Gustavo, Brunger, M.J., White, R.D., and Sullivan, J.P.

Abstract

The present paper provides a joint experimental and theoretical study of positron scattering from pyrazine. Experimental data were measured employing a low-energy positron beamline, and covered an energy range from 1 to 79 eV. Cross sections were measured for total scattering, total elastic scattering, positronium formation, direct ionization, and the sum of the total discrete electronic-state excitation processes. In addition, measured total electronic excitation cross sections for the individual 11B3u, 11B2u, 11B1u, and 21B2u states are also reported. Finally, experimental elastic differential cross sections (DCSs), here in the energy range 1-20 eV, are also presented. Results from two theoretical approaches are given: the R-matrix approach and the independent atom method with screening corrected additivity rule and interference terms. Where a comparison between our experimental and theoretical results could be made, the level of accord varied from being quite good to marginal depending on the actual scattering process under consideration. Last, a comparison between the present elastic DCS results and those from our earlier study on positron scattering from pyrimidine [Palihawadana, Phys. Rev. A 88, 012717 (2013)PLRAAN1050-294710.1103/PhysRevA.88.012717] showed a somewhat unexpected level of agreement.

Published
2021

13. Muddy plasma

Author

McCarthy, L. J., Skipworth, E., Jackson, L., Nord, A., McCormick, N., Thomas, A., Graves, V., Blue-Hnidy, D., and Danielson, C. F.

Published
2005

16. Neutrino factory

Author

Bogomilov, M., Matev, R., Tsenov, R., Dracos, M., Bonesini, M., Palladino, V., Tortora, L., Mori, Y., Planche, T., Lagrange, J. B., Kuno, Y., Benedetto, E., Efthymiopoulos, I., Garoby, R., Gilardoini, S., Martini, M., Wildner, E., Prior, G., Blondel, A., Karadzhow, Y., Ellis, M., Kyberd, P., Bayes, R., Laing, A., Soler, F.J.P., Alekou, A., Apollonio, M., Aslaninejad, M., Bontoiu, C., Jenner, L. J., Kurup, A., Long, K., Pasternak, J., Zarrebini, A., Poslimski, J., Blackmore, V., Cobb, J., Tunnell, C., Andreopoulos, C., Bennett, J. R. J., Brooks, S., Caretta, O., Davenne, T., Densham, C., Edgecock, T. R., Fitton, M., Kelliher, D., Loveridge, P., McFarland, A., Machida, S., Prior, C., Rees, G., Rogers, C., Rooney, M., Thomason, J., Wilcox, D., Booth, C., Skoro, G., Back, J. J., Harrison, P., Berg, J. S., Fernow, R., Gallardo, J. C., Gupta, R., Kirk, H., Simos, N., Stratakis, D., Souchlas, N., Witte, H., Bross, A., Geer, S., Johnstone, C., Makhov, N., Neuffer, D., Popovic, M., Strait, J., Striganov, S., Morfín, J. G., Wands, R., Snopok, P., Bagacz, S. A., Morozov, V., Roblin, Y., Cline, D., Ding, X., Bromberg, C., Hart, T., Abrams, R. J., Ankenbrandt, C. M., Beard, K. B., Cummings, M. A. C., Flanagan, G., Johnson, R. P., Roberts, T. J., Yoshikawa, C. Y., Graves, V. B., McDonald, K. T., Coney, L., Hanson, G., and Palladino, Vittorio

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High-Energy Accelerators and Colliders, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, lcsh:QC770-798, Physics::Accelerator Physics, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Surfaces and Interfaces, 7. Clean energy, Accelerators and Storage Rings, QC
Abstract

The properties of the neutrino provide a unique window on physics beyond that described by the standard model. The study of subleading effects in neutrino oscillations, and the race to discover CP-invariance violation in the lepton sector, has begun with the recent discovery that $\theta_{13} > 0$. The measured value of $\theta_{13}$ is large, emphasizing the need for a facility at which the systematic uncertainties can be reduced to the percent level. The neutrino factory, in which intense neutrino beams are produced from the decay of muons, has been shown to outperform all realistic alternatives and to be capable of making measurements of the requisite precision. Its unique discovery potential arises from the fact that only at the neutrino factory is it practical to produce high-energy electron (anti)neutrino beams of the required intensity. This paper presents the conceptual design of the neutrino factory accelerator facility developed by the European Commission Framework Programme 7 EURO$\nu$ Design Study consortium. EURO$\nu$ coordinated the European contributions to the International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (the IDS-NF) collaboration. The EURO$\nu$ baseline accelerator facility will provide 10$^{21}$ muon decays per year from 12.6 GeV stored muon beams serving a single neutrino detector situated at a source-detector distance of between 1500 km and 2500 km. A suite of near detectors will allow definitive neutrino-scattering experiments to be performed.

Published
2014

17. Project X: Physics Opportunities

Author

Kronfeld, A., Tschirhart, R., Al-Binni, U., Altmannshofer, W., Ankenbrandt, C., Babu, K., Banerjee, S., Bass, M., Batell, B., Baxter, D., Berezhiani, Z., Bergevin, M., Bernstein, R., Bhattacharya, S., Bishai, M., Blum, T., Bogacz, S., Brice, S., Brod, J., Bross, A., Buchoff, M., Burgess, T., Carena, M., Castellanos, L., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, M., Cherdack, D., Christ, N., Chupp, T., Cirigliano, V., Coloma, P., Coppola, C., Cowsik, R., Crabtree, J., de Gouvêa, A., Delahaye, J., Denisov, D., deNiverville, P., Dharmapalan, R., Dolgov, A., Dvali, G., Eichten, E., Engelfried, J., Ferguson, P., Gabriel, T., Gal, A., Gallmeier, F., Ganezer, K., Gardner, S., Glenzinski, D., Godfrey, S., Golubeva, E., Gori, S., Graves, V., Greene, G., Griffard, C., Haisch, U., Handler, T., Hartfiel, B., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hawari, A., Heilbronn, L., Hill, J., Huber, P., Jaffe, D., Johnson, C., Kamyshkov, Y., Kaplan, D., Kerbikov, B., Kiburg, B., Kirk, H., Klein, A., Knoepfel, K., Kopeliovich, B., Kopeliovich, V., Kopp, J., Korsch, W., Kribs, G., Lipton, R., Liu, C., Lorenzon, W., Lu, Z., Makins, N., McKeen, D., Mills, G., Mocko, M., Mohapatra, R., Mokhov, N., Muhrer, G., Mumm, P., Neuffer, D., Okun, L., Palmer, M., Palmer, R., Pattie, R., Phillips, D., Pitts, K., Pospelov, M., Pronskikh, V., Quigg, C., Ramberg, E., Ray, A., Reimer, P., Richards, D., Ritz, A., Roy, A., Ruggles, A., Ryne, R., Sarkar, U., Saunders, A., Semertzidis, Y., Serebrov, A., Shimizu, H., Sikdar, A., Shrock, R., Snopok, P., Snow, W., Soha, A., Spanier, S., Striganov, S., Tang, Z., Townsend, L., Urheim, J., Vainshtein, A., Van de Water, R., Van Kooten, R., Wehring, B., Whitehead, L., Wilson, R., Worcester, E., Wester, W., Young, A., and Zeller, G.

Subjects
High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

Part 2 of "Project X: Accelerator Reference Design, Physics Opportunities, Broader Impacts". In this Part, we outline the particle-physics program that can be achieved with Project X, a staged superconducting linac for intensity-frontier particle physics. Topics include neutrino physics, kaon physics, muon physics, electric dipole moments, neutron-antineutron oscillations, new light particles, hadron structure, hadron spectroscopy, and lattice-QCD calculations. Part 1 is available as arXiv:1306.5022 [physics.acc-ph] and Part 3 is available as arXiv:1306.5024 [physics.acc-ph].

Published
2013

18. Interim Design Report

Author

Abrams, R., Agarwalla, S., Alekou, A., Andreopoulos, C., Ankenbrandt, C., Antusch, S., Apollonio, M., Aslaninejad, M., Back, J., Ballett, P., Barker, G., Beard, K., Benedetto, E., Bennett, J., Berg, J., Bhattacharya, S., Blackmore, V., Blennow, M., Blondel, A., Bogacz, A., Bonesini, M., Bontoiu, C., Booth, C., Bromberg, C., Brooks, S., Bross, A., Caretta, O., Cervera-Villanueva, A., Choubey, S., Cline, D., Cobb, J., Coloma, P., Coney, L., Cummings, M., Davenne, T., de Gouvea, A., Densham, C., Ding, X., Donini, A., Dornan, P., Dracos, M., Dufour, F., Eccleston, R., Edgecock, R., Efthymiopoulos, I., Ellis, M., Fernandez-Martinez, E., Fernow, R., Flanagan, G., Gallardo, J., Gandhi, R., Garoby, R., Gavela, B., Geer, S., Gilardoni, S., Gomez-Cadenas, J., Goswami, S., Graves, V., Gupta, R., Hanson, G., Harrison, P., Hart, T., Hernandez, P., Huber, P., Indumathi, D., Johnson, R., Johnstone, C., Karadzhov, Y., Kelliher, D., Kirk, H., Kopp, J., Kudenko, Y., Kuno, Y., Kurup, A., Kyberd, P., Laing, A., Li, T., Lindner, M., Long, K., Pavon, J., Loveridge, P., Machida, S., Majumdar, D., Maltoni, M., Martin-Albo, J., Martini, M., Matev, R., McDonald, K., McFarland, A., Meloni, D., Mezzetto, M., Migliozzi, P., Mishra, S., Mokhov, N., Mondal, N., Morfin, J., Mori, Y., Morozov, V., Neuffer, D., Ota, T., Palladino, V., Parke, S., Pascoli, S., Pasternak, J., Peltoniemi, J., Petti, R., Planche, T., Popovic, M., Pozimski, J., Prior, G., Prior, C., Rees, G., Rigolin, S., Roberts, T., Roblin, Y., Rogers, C., Samulyak, R., Schwetz-Mangold, T., Simos, N., Sinha, N., Skoro, G., Snopok, P., Soler, F., Souchlas, N., Strait, J., Stratakis, D., Striganov, S., Tang, J., Thomason, J., Tortora, L., Tsenov, R., Winter, W., Witte, H., Yasuda, O., Yoshikawa, C., and Zisman, M.

Abstract

The International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (the IDS-NF) was established by the community at the ninth "International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, super-beams, and beta- beams" which was held in Okayama in August 2007. The IDS-NF mandate is to deliver the Reference Design Report (RDR) for the facility on the timescale of 2012/13. In addition, the mandate for the study [3] requires an Interim Design Report to be delivered midway through the project as a step on the way to the RDR. This document, the IDR, has two functions: it marks the point in the IDS-NF at which the emphasis turns to the engineering studies required to deliver the RDR and it documents baseline concepts for the accelerator complex, the neutrino detectors, and the instrumentation systems. The IDS-NF is, in essence, a site-independent study. Example sites, CERN, FNAL, and RAL, have been identified to allow site-specific issues to be addressed in the cost analysis that will be presented in the RDR. The choice of example sites should not be interpreted as implying a preferred choice of site for the facility.

Published
2011

19. International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory, Interim Design Report

Author

Abrams, R. J., Agarwalla, S. K., Alekou, A., Andreopoulos, C., Ankenbrandt, C. M., Antusch, S., Apollonio, M., Aslaninejad, M., Back, J., Ballett, P., Barker, G., Beard, K. B., Benedetto, E., Bennett, J. R. J., Berg, J. S., Bhattacharya, S., Blackmore, V., Blennow, M., Blondel, A., Bogacz, A., Bonesini, M., Bontoiu, C., Booth, C., Bromberg, C., Brooks, S., Bross, A., Caretta, O., Cervera Villanueva, A., Choubey, S., Cline, D., Cobb, J., Coloma, P., Coney, L., Cummings, M. A. C., Davenne, T., de Gouvea, A., Densham, C., Ding, X., Donini, A., Dornan, P., Dracos, M., Dufour, F., Eccleston, R., Edgecock, R., Efthymiopoulos, I., Ellis, M., Fernandez Martinez, E., Fernow, R., Flanagan, G., Gallardo, J. C., Gandhi, R., Garoby, R., Gavela, B., Geer, S., Gilardoni, S., Gomez Cadenas, J. J., Goswami, S., Graves, V. B., Gupta, R., Hanson, G., Harrison, P., Hart, T., Hernandez, P., Huber, P., Indumathi, D., Johnson, R. P., Johnstone, C., Karadzhov, Y., Kelliher, D., Kirk, H., Kopp, J., Kudenko, Y., Kuno, Y., Kurup, A., Kyberd, P., Laing, A., Li, T., Lindner, M., Long, K., Lopez Pavon, J., Loveridge, P., Machida, S., Majumdar, D., Maltoni, M., Martin Albo, J., Martini, M., Matev, R., Mcdonald, K. T., Mcfarland, A., Meloni, D., Mezzetto, M., Migliozzi, P., Mishra, S. R., Mokhov, N., Mondal, N., Morfin, J., Mori, Y., Morozov, V., Neuffer, D., Ota, T., Palladino, V., Parke, S., Pascoli, S., Pasternak, J., Peltoniemi, J., Petti, R., Planche, T., Popovic, M., Pozimski, J., Prior, G., Prior, C., Rees, G., Rigolin, Stefano, Roberts, T. J., Roblin, Y., Rogers, C., Samulyak, R., Schwetz, T., Simos, N., Sinha, N., Skoro, G., Snopok, P., Soler, F. J. P., Souchlas, N., Strait, J., Stratakis, D., Striganov, S., Tang, J., Thomason, J. W. G., Tortora, L., Tsenov, R., Winter, W., Witte, H., Yasuda, O., Yoshikawa, C. Y., and Zisman, M.

Published
2011

20. Operation of a Free Hg Jet Delivery System in a High-Power Target Experiment

Author

Graves, V, Carroll, A, Spampinato, P, Kirk, H, Fabich, A, Efthymiopoulos, I, Lettry, J, and McDonald, K

Subjects
Accelerators and Storage Rings
Abstract

Op­er­a­tion of a mer­cury jet de­liv­ery sys­tem is pre­sent­ed. The de­liv­ery sys­tem is part of the Mer­cury In­tense Tar­get (MERIT) Ex­per­i­ment, a proof-of-prin­ci­ple ex­per­i­ment con­duct­ed at CERN in 2007 which demon­strat­ed the fea­si­bil­i­ty of using an un­con­strained jet of mer­cury as a tar­get for a fu­ture Neu­tri­no Fac­to­ry or Muon Col­lid­er. The Hg sys­tem was de­signed to pro­duce a 1-cm-di­am­e­ter, 20 m/s Hg jet in­side a high-field (15 Tesla), 15-cm-bore solenoid mag­net. A high-speed op­ti­cal di­ag­nos­tic sys­tem al­lowed ob­ser­va­tion of the in­ter­ac­tion of the jet with both 14- and 24-GeV pro­ton beams. Per­for­mance of the Hg sys­tem dur­ing the in-beam ex­per­i­ment will be pre­sent­ed.

Published
2010

21. The MERIT High-Power Target Experiment at the CERN PS

Author

McDonald, K T, Kirk, H G, Park, H, Tsang, T, Efthymiopoulos, I, Fabich, A, Haug, F, Lettry, J, Palm, M, Pereira, H, Mokhov, N, Striganov, S, Carroll, A J, Graves, V B, Spampinato, P T, Bennett, J R J, Caretta, O, and Loveridge, P

Subjects
Accelerators and Storage Rings
Abstract

The MERIT (MER­cury In­tense Tar­get) ex­per­i­ment was run in the fall of 2007 using 14 and 24 GeV in­tense pro­ton beams from the CERN PS. It is a proof-of-prin­ci­ple ex­per­i­ment de­signed to val­i­date a tar­get con­cept for pro­duc­ing an in­tense muon source for a fu­ture muon col­lid­er or neu­tri­no fac­to­ry. The ex­per­i­ment suc­cess­ful­ly demon­strat­ed a tar­get tech­nique for mul­ti-MW pro­ton beams that uti­lizes a free-flow­ing liq­uid metal jet with­in the con­fines of a high-field solenoid. We de­scribe the ex­per­i­men­tal strat­e­gy and pa­ram­e­ters, as well as the re­sults ob­tained and their im­pli­ca­tions for fu­ture muon-based ac­cel­er­a­tor fa­cil­i­ties.

Published
2010

22. Optical Diagnostic Results from the MERIT High-Power Target Experiment

Author

Kirk, H G, Park, H, Tsang, T, Efthymiopoulos, I, Fabich, A, Haug, F, Lettry, J, Palm, M, Mokhov, N, Striganov, S, Carroll, A J, Graves, V B, Spampinato, P T, McDonald, K T, Bennett, J R J, Caretta, O, and Loveridge, P

Subjects
Accelerators and Storage Rings
Abstract

We re­port on the anal­y­sis of data col­lect­ed from the op­ti­cal di­ag­nos­tics of the MERIT ex­per­i­ment which was run at CERN in the fall of 2007. The breakup of the free mer­cury jet re­sult­ing from the im­pact of in­tense pro­ton beams from the CERN PS with­in a mag­net­ic field en­vi­ron­ment is de­scribed.

Published
2010

23. Time Structure of Particle Production in the Merit High-Power Target Experiment

Author

Efthymiopoulos, I, Fabich, A, Palm, M, Lettry, J, Haug, F, Pereira, H, Pernegger, H, Steerenberg, R, Grudiev, A, Kirk, H G, Park, H, Tsang, T, Mokhov, N, Striganov, S, Carroll, A J, Graves, V B, Spampinato, P T, McDonald, K T, Bennett, J R J, Caretta, O, and Loveridge, P

Subjects
Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Accelerators and Storage Rings
Abstract

The MERIT experiment is a proof-of-principle test of a target system for high power proton beam to be used as front-end for a neutrino factory complex or amuon collider. The experiment took data in autumn 2007 with the fast extracted beam from the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS) to a maximum intensity of about 30 × 1012 protons per pulse. We report results from the portion of the MERIT experiment in which separated beam pulses were delivered to a free mercury jet target with time intervals between pulses varying from 2 to 700 μs. The analysis is based on the responses of particle detectors placed along side and downstream of the target.

Published
2009

24. The Merit(nTOF-11) High Intensity Liquid Mercury Target Experiment at the CERN PS

Author

Efthymiopoulos, I, Bennett, J R J, Caretta, O, Carroll, A J, Fabich, A, Graves, V B, Grudiev, A, Haug, F, Kirk, H G, Lettry, Jacques, Loveridge, P, McDonald, K T, Mokhov, N, Palm, M, Park, H, Pernegger, H, Spampinato, P T, Steerenberg, R, Striganov, S, and Tsang, T

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Accelerators and Storage Rings
Abstract

The MERIT(nTOF-11) experiment is a proof-ofprinciple test of a target system for a high power proton beam to be used as front-end for a neutrino factory or a muon collider. The experiment took data in autumn 2007 with the fast-extracted beam from the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS) to a maximum intensity of $30 × 10^{12}$ per pulse. The target system, based on a free mercury jet, is capable of intercepting a 4-MW proton beam inside a 15-T magnetic field required to capture the low energy secondary pions as the source for intense muon beams. Partice detectors installed around the target setup measure the secondary particle flux out of the target and can probe cavitation effects in the mercury jet when excited by an intense proton beam.Preliminary results of the data analysis will be presented here.

Published
2008

25. Intraarterial thrombolysis in a pig model: a preliminary note

Author

Kesava, P, Graves, V, Salamat, S, and Rappe, A

Subjects
Femoral Artery, Disease Models, Animal, Plasminogen Activators, Treatment Outcome, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Reference Values, Swine, Animals, Comparative Study, Thrombolytic Therapy, Thrombosis, Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator, Thrombectomy
Abstract

PURPOSE: To develop a pig model of arterial thrombosis suitable for assessing different methods of thrombolysis and to use this model to compare the efficacy of intraarterial thrombolysis performed by continuous proximal urokinase infusion versus mechanical clot disruption combined with intrathrombic urokinase injection. METHODS: In a control group of five pigs, a thrombus was made in a short segment of femoral artery and observed for 2 hours to assess its stability. In a treatment group of six pigs, intraarterial thrombolysis was performed immediately after thrombus formation. Thrombolysis was accomplished by continuously infusing urokinase into the proximal leading edge of the thrombus in three pigs and by mechanical clot disruption combined with intrathrombic urokinase injection in the remaining three pigs. RESULTS: There was no spontaneous reestablishment of flow in the control group during the 2-hour observation period. In the first treatment group, no flow was observed after a 1-hour treatment period when urokinase was infused continuously into the proximal edge of the thrombus. In the second treatment group, with mechanical clot disruption and intrathrombic urokinase injection, some degree of flow was observed in all three pigs. Reestablishment of flow was more sustained and of a greater degree with the addition of systemic heparinization. CONCLUSION: This animal model could provide a useful way to evaluate and compare different methods of thrombolysis. Our results suggest that mechanical clot disruption combined with intrathrombic urokinase injection is more effective in achieving reestablishment of flow than is continuous infusion of urokinase into the proximal edge of the thrombus.

Published
1997

26. Treatment of experimental canine carotid aneurysms with platinum coils

Author

Graves, V B, Strother, C M, and Rappe, A H

Subjects
cardiovascular system, Journal Article, cardiovascular diseases
Abstract

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the deliverability, positioning, stability, and effectiveness of aneurysm occlusion and the incidence of parent-artery thrombosis of two different types of platinum coils, using a canine carotid aneurysm model. METHODS: 29 experimental canine carotid aneurysms (19 lateral, 6 bifurcation, and 4 terminal) were constructed and treated with complex-shaped fibered platinum coils and simple curved nonfibered platinum Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs). RESULTS: Fibered complex coils were stable, producing 38% complete aneurysm occlusion and 61% average reduction in aneurysm lumen size but resulting in 19% parent artery occlusions. GDC coils were stable, producing 31% complete aneurysm occlusion and 95% average reduction in aneurysm lumen size with no parent-artery occlusions. CONCLUSIONS: GDC coils produced an average reduction in aneurysm lumen size of 95% without any associated parent-artery occlusions. There were no delayed migrations of GDC coils. The ability to remove, reposition, and detach a coil was the most significant feature of the GDC coil.

Published
1993

27. An endovascular retrieving device for use in small vessels

Author

Graves, V B, Rappe, A H, Smith, T P, Sepetka, I, Ahuja, A, and Strother, C M

Subjects
Dogs, Equipment and Supplies, cardiovascular system, Journal Article, Animals, Arteries, Foreign Bodies
Abstract

A new retrieval device for use in small vessels was evaluated in a canine model. Retrieval was attempted on 25 coils, three silicone balloons, and five catheter and guide wire fragments placed in the renal, pulmonary, hepatic, brachiocephalic, subclavian, carotid, and maxillary arteries. This was successful in 91% (30/33). The snare could also be selectively placed in the vertebral and proximal basilar arteries.

Published
1993

28. Microcatheter retrieval device for intravascular foreign body removal

Author

Smith, T P, Graves, V B, Halbach, V V, Higashida, R T, Fraser, K W, Dowd, C F, and Hieshima, G B

Subjects
Adult, Humans, Female, Case Reports, Arteries, Equipment Design, Foreign Bodies, Catheterization
Abstract

A microcatheter foreign body retrieval device is described and its first two clinical applications are presented. The device functions identically to larger loop snare retrievers. It permits access to small vessels and was successful in its first clinical applications.

Published
1993

31. Biocompatibility of 1-French polyethylene catheters used in interventional neuroradiology procedures: a study with rats and dogs

Author

Partington, C R, Graves, V B, Rüfenacht, D A, Strother, C M, Rappe, A H, Merland, J J, and Laurent, A

Subjects
Catheters, Indwelling, Dogs, Time Factors, Journal Article, Animals, Biocompatible Materials, Arteries, Carotid Artery Thrombosis, Polyethylenes, Radiography, Interventional, Nervous System, Rats
Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the thrombogenicity, inflammatory response, and endothelial response to the presence of sterilized, 1-French polyethylene catheters implanted into the arterial system and subcutaneous tissues of 18 rats and two dogs. At time periods ranging from 1 week to 6 months, repeat angiography was done, the animals sacrificed, and the tissues containing the catheter removed for histologic study. In the subcutaneous tissues the catheter became encased in a very thin (less than 0.5 mm) coating of fibrous tissue with no evidence of inflammation. In large vessels, the catheter at all time periods appeared identical both angiographically and histologically to that at the time of implantation. In small to medium-sized vessels a slight increase in vessel size (25% increase in diameter of the rat iliac) was observed angiographically. On histologic evaluation, there was evidence of myointimal hypertrophy, which was asymmetrically placed, centered around the position of the catheter. There was no evidence of thrombi or of incorporation of the catheter itself into the hypertrophic tissue. In dogs and rats, an implanted 1-French polyethylene catheter is well tolerated: the animals showed no evidence of thrombotic, thromboembolic, or inflammatory complications. Myointimal hypertrophy was observed in small to medium-sized arteries, which is of unknown significance.

Published
1990

34. Neuroradiology.

Author

Gebarski, S S, primary, Atlas, S W, additional, Brunberg, J, additional, de la Paz, R, additional, Eldevik, P, additional, Elster, A D, additional, Graves, V, additional, Jack, C R, additional, Jinkins, J R, additional, and Lane, B, additional

Published
1994
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39. Large-scale mobilization and isolation of CD34+ cells from normal donors.

Author

Croop, J M, Cooper, R, Seshadri, R, Fernandez, C, Graves, V, Kreissman, S, Smith, F O, Cornetta, K, Williams, D A, and Abonour, R

Subjects
BLOOD cells, STEM cells, CELLS, CELL separation
Abstract

We describe collection and purification of peripheral blood CD34+ cells from volunteer, normal donors and allogeneic stem cell donors. A total of 98 aphereses were performed on 68 volunteer donors using peripheral venous access. The mean number of nucleated cells collected was 4.6 × 1010 which included 1.9 × 108CD34+ cells corresponding to 2.7 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg. The number of CD34+ cells collected did not differ between males and females but did correlate with the donor’s weight and the total number of nucleated cells collected. The Nexell Isolex 300i cell separator was used to isolate CD34+ cells from 30 of the collections. A mean of 0.36% of the total cells was recovered and included 43 ± 18% of the CD34+ cells. CD34+ cells represented 85 ± 11% of the recovered cells. The total number of CD34+ cells recovered was not influenced by the number of nucleated cells placed on the Isolex 300i. The percentage of CD34+ cells recovered was not related to the number of CD34+ cells placed on the Isolex 300i. The purity of the final product was influenced by the number of CD34+ cells but not the total number of nucleated cells. An additional 38 CD34+ cell isolations were performed on normal allogeneic stem cell donors with similar results. These observations further support the safety and feasibility of peripheral blood CD34+ cell collection and purification. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2000) 26, 1271–1279. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
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40. A High-Power Target Experiment.

Author

Kirk, H.G., Kahn, S.A., Ludewig, H., Palmer, R.B., Samulyak, R., Simos, N., Tsang, T., Efthymiopoulos, I., Fabich, A., Haseroth, H., Haug, F., Lettry, J., Gabriel, T.A., Graves, V., Haines, J., Spampinato, P., McDonald, K.T., Bennett, J.R.J., Bradshaw, T., and Edgecock, T.R.

Published
2005
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42. Autologous transplantation of mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ cells selected by immunomagnetic procedures in patients with multiple myeloma.

Author

Abonour, R, Scott, K M, Kunkel, L A, Robertson, M J, Hromas, R, Graves, V, Lazaridis, E N, Cripe, L, Gharpure, V, Traycoff, C M, Mills, B, Srour, E F, and Cornetta, K

Subjects
MULTIPLE myeloma, AUTOTRANSPLANTATION, STEM cell transplantation
Abstract

In the use of autologous PBPC transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma, contamination of PBPC with myeloma cells is commonly observed. Enrichment for CD34+ cells has been employed as a method of reducing this contamination. In this study the reduction of myeloma cells in PBPC was accomplished by the positive selection of CD34+ cells using immunomagnetic bead separation (Isolex 300 system). PBPC were mobilized from 18 patients using cyclophosphamide (4.5 g/m2) and G-CSF (10 μg/kg/day). A median of two leukaphereses and one selection was performed per patient. The median number of mononuclear cells processed was 3.50 × 1010 with a recovery of 1.11 × 108 cells after selection. The median recovery of CD34+ cells was 48% (range 17–78) and purity was 90% (29–99). The median log depletion of CD19+ cells was 3.0. IgH rearrangement, assessed by PCR, was undetectable in 13 of 24 evaluable CD34+ enriched products. Patients received 200 mg/m2 of melphalan followed by the infusion of a median of 2.91 × 106/kg CD34+ cells (1.00–16.30). The median time to absolute neutrophil count >0.5 × 109/l was 11 days, and sustained platelet recovery of >20 × 109/l was 14 days. We conclude that immunomagnetic-based enrichment of CD34+ cells results in a marked reduction in myeloma cells without affecting engraftment kinetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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45. A new guidewire with kink-resistant core and low-friction coating.

Author

Kikuchi, Yoichi, Graves, Virgil, Strother, Charles, McDermott, John, Babel, Stephen, Crummy, Andrew, Kikuchi, Y, Graves, V B, Strother, C M, McDermott, J C, Babel, S G, and Crummy, A B

Abstract

A new guidewire constructed from kink-resistant titanium-nickel alloy, polyurethane, and hydrophilic polymer is described. We have used this wire in 119 angiographic and 49 interventional procedures without complications. In numerous applications, it offers significant advantages over other guidewires. It is particularly helpful for angiography and interventional procedures requiring catheterization through markedly tortuous vessels, tight stenoses, or occlusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1989
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47. International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory, Interim Design Report

Author

Choubey, S., Gandhi, R., Goswami, S., Berg, J. S., Fernow, R., Gallardo, J. C., Gupta, R., Kirk, H., Simos, N., Souchlas, N., Ellis, M., Kyberd, P., Benedetto, E., Fernandez-Martinez, E., Efthymiopoulos, I., Garoby, R., Gilardoni, S., Martini, M., Prior, G., Ballett, P., Pascoli, S., Bross, A., Geer, S., Johnstone, C., Kopp, J., Mokhov, N., Morfin, J., Neuffer, D., Parke, S., Popovic, M., Strait, J., Striganov, S., Blondel, A., Dufour, F., Laing, A., Soler, F. J. P., Lindner, M., Schwetz, T., Alekou, A., Apollonio, M., Aslaninejad, M., Bontoiu, C., Dornan, P., Eccleston, R., Kurup, A., Long, K., Pasternak, J., Pozimski, J., Bogacz, A., Morozov, V., Roblin, Y., Bhattacharya, S., Majumdar, D., Mori, Y., Planche, T., Zisman, M., Cline, D., Stratakis, D., Ding, X., Coloma, P., Donini, A., Gavela, B., Lopez Pavon, J., Maltoni, M., Bromberg, C., Bonesini, M., Hart, T., Kudenko, Y., Mondal, N., Antusch, S., Blennow, M., Ota, T., Abrams, R. J., Ankenbrandt, C. M., Beard, K. B., Cummings, M. A. C., Flanagan, G., Johnson, R. P., Roberts, T. J., Yoshikawa, C. Y., Migliozzi, P., Palladino, V., Gouvea, A., Graves, V. B., Kuno, Y., Peltoniemi, J., Blackmore, V., Cobb, J., Witte, H., Mezzetto, M., Rigolin, S., Mcdonald, K. T., Coney, L., Hanson, G., Snopok, P., Tortora, L., Andreopoulos, C., Bennett, J. R. J., Brooks, S., Caretta, O., Davenne, T., Densham, C., Edgecock, R., Kelliher, D., Loveridge, P., Mcfarland, A., Machida, S., Prior, C., Rees, G., Rogers, C., Thomason, J. W. G., Booth, C., Skoro, G., Karadzhov, Y., Matev, R., Tsenov, R., Samulyak, R., Mishra, S. R., Petti, R., Marcos Dracos, Yasuda, O., Agarwalla, S. K., Cervera-Villanueva, A., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Hernandez, P., Li, T., Martin-Albo, J., Huber, P., Back, J., Barker, G., Harrison, P., Meloni, D., Tang, J., and Winter, W.

48. Working Group Report: Baryon Number Violation

Author

Babu, K. S., Kearns, E., Al-Binni, U., Banerjee, S., Baxter, D. V., Berezhiani, Z., Bergevin, M., Bhattacharya, S., Brice, S., Brock, R., Burgess, T. W., Castellanos, L., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, Mu-Chun, Church, E., Coppola, C. E., Cowen, D. F., Cowsik, R., Crabtree, J. A., Davoudiasl, H., Dermisek, R., Dolgov, A., Dutta, Bhaskar, Dvali, G., Ferguson, P., Fileviez Perez, P., Gabriel, T., Gal, A., Gallmeier, F., Ganezer, K. S., Gogoladze, I., Golubeva, E. S., Graves, V. B., Greene, G., Handler, T., Hartfiel, B., Hawari, A., Heilbronn, L., Hill, J., Jaffe, D., Johnson, C., Jung, C. K., Kamyshkov, Y., Kerbikov, B., Kopeliovich, B. Z., Kopeliovich, V. B., Korsch, W., Lachenmaier, T., Langacker, P., Liu, C-Y, Marciano, W. J., Mocko, M., Mohapatra, R. N., Mokhov, N., Muhrer, G., Mumm, P., Nath, P., Obayashi, Y., Okun, L., Pati, J. C., Pattie, R. W., Phillips, D. G., Quigg, C., Raaf, J. L., Raby, S., Ramberg, E., Ray, A., Roy, A., Ruggles, A., Sarkar, U., Saunders, A., Serebrov, A., Shafi, Q., Shimizu, H., Shiozawa, M., Shrock, R., Sikdar, A. K., Snow, W. M., Soha, A., Spanier, S., Stavenga, G. C., Striganov, S., Svoboda, R., Tang, Z., Tavartkiladze, Z., Townsend, L., Tulin, S., Vainshtein, A., Kooten, R., Wagner, C. E. M., Wang, Z., Wehring, B., Wilson, R. J., Wise, M., Masashi Yokoyama, and Young, A. R.

49. BEB-based models for ionisation cross sections of electron and positron impact with diatomic molecules

Author

Graves, V. and Graves, V.

Abstract

The ionising interactions of high-energy particles with molecules have applications in many areas. Despite this, some areas, including positron scattering, lack experimental data due to difficulties in performing experiments. Here, quick and simple methods for computing direct electron and positron impact ionisation cross sections are presented. These calculations, performed using the open-source software RAPID-CS, can provide a complete data set as a first approximation for when experimental, or more detailed computational work is not available. The cross-sectional data set includes the total, partial/fragment-specific, single-differential, average secondary electron energy and stopping power cross sections. The molecules N2, O2 and CO were chosen to study due to the availability of positron scattering data. An overall good agreement with experimental and other computational results is presented. Graphical abstract Direct electron (left) and positron right) impact partial ionisation cross sections for N2. Total cross section: red, N2+ partial cross section: blue, N+ partial cross section: green.electron: solid lines: BEB, experimental measurements by Lindsay and Mangan :Ürosses, Straub et al. : stars, Opel et al. : squares. Positron: solid lines: BEB0, Dashed lines: BEBA, Marler and Surko : red crosses, Bluhme et al. : stars

50. Positron scattering from pyrazine

Author

Edwards, D., Stevens, D., Cheong, Z., Graves, V., Gorfinkiel, J. D., Blanco, F., Garcia, G., Brunger, M. J., White, R. D., Sullivan, J. P., Edwards, D., Stevens, D., Cheong, Z., Graves, V., Gorfinkiel, J. D., Blanco, F., Garcia, G., Brunger, M. J., White, R. D., and Sullivan, J. P.

Abstract

The present paper provides a joint experimental and theoretical study of positron scattering from pyrazine. Experimental data were measured employing a low-energy positron beamline, and covered an energy range from 1 to 79 eV. Cross sections were measured for total scattering, total elastic scattering, positronium formation, direct ionization, and the sum of the total discrete electronic-state excitation processes. In addition, measured total electronic excitation cross sections for the individual 11B3u, 11B2u, 11B1u, and 21B2u states are also reported. Finally, experimental elastic differential cross sections (DCSs), here in the energy range 1–20 eV, are also presented. Results from two theoretical approaches are given: the R-matrix approach and the independent atom method with screening corrected additivity rule and interference terms. Where a comparison between our experimental and theoretical results could be made, the level of accord varied from being quite good to marginal depending on the actual scattering process under consideration. Last, a comparison between the present elastic DCS results and those from our earlier study on positron scattering from pyrimidine [Palihawadana et al., Phys. Rev. A 88, 012717 (2013)] showed a somewhat unexpected level of agreement.

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