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* Context.--Associations between granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) and Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii have been reported since 2002, but large-scale studies to assess the actual prevalence of this bacterium in GLM have not been performed. Objective.--To assess the prevalence of C kroppenstedtii in GLM using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. Design.--We analyzed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 67 cases of GLM by sequential DNA amplification and sequencing to assess the rate of C kroppenstedtii detection in GLM. A retrospective analysis including patient demographics, history of pregnancy and lactation, clinical signs and symptoms, radiographic findings, histologic pattern, Gram stain results, and microbial cultures was performed on 67 cases of GLM. In addition, 10 cases of nongranulomatous breast abscess were included as controls. Results.--C kroppenstedtii 16S rRNA SYBR real-time polymerase chain reaction was positive on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 46 of 67 (68.7%) GLM cases, while all control cases were negative. Among the positive cases, the majority showed features of cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis. Conclusions.--C kroppenstedtii was highly prevalent in GLM cases and was not found to be associated with nongranulomatous breast abscess in our study (P < .001)., Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is an uncommon benign, inflammatory disease of the breast first described in 1972 by Kessler and Wolloch (1) that characteristically affects women of childbearing age with [...]

Byline: Dieta Brandsma (1), Gerard H. Jansen (2), Wim Spliet (3), Kathelijne Nielen (1), Martin J. B. Taphoorn (1) Keywords: meningeal or intracerebral plasma cell granuloma; Rosai-Dorfman disease; central nervous system B-cell lymphoma; meningioma; pachymeningitis Abstract: Abstract. Meningeal and intracerebral plasma cell granulomas are uncommon inflammatory lesions of unknown etiology. In this paper the diagnostic difficulties in two patients with meningeal plasma cell granuloma and one patient with intracerebral plasma cell granuloma are described. The first patient had an intracranial extra-axial lesion, which was first diagnosed as a meningioma. One and a half years later she underwent a second resection for recurrent tumor growth and the diagnosis of a meningeal plasma cell granuloma was made. The second patient was treated for a central nervous system B-cell lymphoma but proved to have an intracerebral plasma cell granuloma in retrospect 11 years later. In the third patient tuberculous meningitis was considered to be the most likely diagnosis because infratentorial contrast-enhanced thickened meninges (pachymeningitis) were found together with a high protein level in the cerebrospinal fluid and a positive Mantoux test. However, pathological examination of an extra-axial, cervical lesion that was operated upon revealed a meningeal plasma cell granuloma. These cases show the importance of diagnosing a meningeal or intracerebral plasma cell granuloma correctly, since it has both therapeutical and prognostic implications. Author Affiliation: (1) Dept. of Neurology, G03.228, University Medical Center Utrecht, 85500, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands (2) Dept. of Laboratory, Medicine Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (3) Dept. of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Article History: Registration Date: 01/01/2003 Received Date: 30/01/2003 Accepted Date: 24/06/2003

A 43-year-old paraplegic man with confusion, difficulty communicating, fatigue, weight loss, bed sores, and seizures was found to have granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system. Granulomatous angiitis is a blood vessel disease in which blood cells accumulate in nodules. The man became paraplegic approximately 4 years earlier and had a brain hemorrhage 15 months earlier. He had been treated with corticosteroids. Intermittent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and CT scans during the preceding 2 years showed developing nodes in the white matter of the brain and upper spinal cord. Earlier spinal taps showed protein in his cerebrospinal fluid. A brain biopsy showed that the white matter nodes contained various blood cells including monocytes, lymphocytes, and plasmacytes. He was treated with cyclophosphamide while his corticosteroids were gradually withdrawn. Granulomatous angiitis can be definitively diagnosed only with a biopsy.

ABSTRACT A 61-year-old-female with a 4-year history of disseminated granuloma annulare was successfully treated with the antitumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha antibody, adalimumab. The patient had failed high potency topical glucocorticoids, [...]

Byline: Kalpana. Bothale, Sadhana. Mahore, Sushil. Pande, Trupti. Dongre Cutaneous mercury granuloma is rarely encountered. Clinically it may pose difficulty in diagnosis. Here, we report a 23-year-old male presented with [...]

* This article provides an overview of the pathologic features of adult orbital xanthogranulomatous disease, a rare heterogeneous group of disorders that includes 4 clinical syndromes: adult-onset xanthogranuloma, necrobiotic xanthogranuloma, adult-onset asthma and periocular xanthogranuloma, and Erdheim-Chester disease.The diagnosis is made by biopsy of the lesion, demonstrating tissue infiltration by the hallmarks of xanthoma cells and Touton giant cells. The differential diagnosis is broad, including syndromes within the adult xanthogranulomatous disease category as well as other entities involving the eyelid and the orbital tissues. Because of its rarity and sometimes close similarity to other disease entities, it is often misdiagnosed initially. This article focuses on the morphology and immunohistochemical patterns in diagnosis of adult orbital xanthogranulomatous disease with emphasis on adult-onset asthma and periocular xanthogranuloma in particular, its clinical features and associated systemic manifestations in differential diagnosis, as well as the current management strategy. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2009;133:1994-1997), The so-called adult orbital xanthogranulomatous disease (AOXGD) is a heterogeneous group of syndromes that are rare and poorly understood. Adult orbital xanthogranulomatous disease presents with variable clinical features from which [...]

Byline: Feroze. Kaliyadan, Siby. Gopinath, M. Jayasree, Chirag. Parmar Sir, A 65-year-old male patient presented to us with generalized annular skin lesions over his body. The patient had no other [...]

Byline: Rashmi. Kumari, Devinder. Thappa, Abhijit. Chougule, Balaji. Adityan Granuloma multiforme (GM) is a reactive skin disorder of unknown etiology, characterized clinically by confluent annular lesions and histologically by focal [...]

Byline: Ulku. Askin, Murat. Durdu, Engin. Senel Granuloma annulare is a granulomatous disorder of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, with different clinical types. Generalized granuloma annulare is a rarely encountered [...]

Byline: M. Golpour, M. Ghasemi A 16 year-old aquarium worker presented with nodules and bulls on the back of the right hand since one year. The nodules first appeared on [...]

Byline: Premanshu. Bhushan, Kabir. Sardana, R. Koranne, Monisha. Choudhary, Prateek. Manjul Background: In view of the relatively poor performance of skin smears WHO adopted a purely clinical operational classification, however [...]

Byline: Vandana. Mehta, C. Balachandran, Sudha. Bhat, V. Geetha, Donald. Fernandes Nasal NK/T cell lymphomas are aggressive, locally destructive, midfacial, necrotizing lesions. The nonspecific clinical symptoms constitute a major stumbling [...]