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Project-based learning (PBL) is a teaching methodology that allows students to acquire knowledge and competencies through the completion of projects that respond to real-life problems. The aims of this study were to evaluate the acquisition of knowledge of students of the Aging Nursing subject through a PBL-based intervention and determine the degree of student satisfaction with the use of this methodology. A mixed, quasi-experimental, pre-post study was conducted without a control group using an educational intervention based on PBL and descriptive phenomenology with content analysis of the experiences reported after it. A knowledge questionnaire about nursing homes was administered before the start of the intervention. After using PBL to carry out the subject project, the same knowledge questionnaire and an ad hoc questionnaire on satisfaction, assessment, and improvement aspects were administered. In total, 111 nursing students participated. The difference in knowledge after the educational intervention was significant. The mean pre-intervention score was 5.56, SD 1.50, and the mean post-intervention score was 7.14, SD 1.59, ( p = 0.001). In total, 74% of the students stated that they were very satisfied with the use of this methodology. The students had a positive perspective on the process of acquiring knowledge that PBL allows. The students improved their knowledge about the planning and management of nursing homes with the use of the project-based learning teaching methodology. They were very satisfied with said activity. Teachers must be adequately trained for the correct implementation of this teaching methodology. This study was not registered.

In the last decade in Spain, an important push has been given to the development of health policies that define the framework of action in the care of people with advanced chronic diseases. Respect for the autonomy of the patient, shared decision-making processes and advance care planning (ACP) are recognized into health plans as a key aspect in chronic care, frailty, and palliative care. A few but significant number of institutions, local governments, and healthcare professionals from different regions of Spain have started a rationale and roadmap for a new twist in Spain's theoretical, ethical and policy development, promoting ACP implementation into public health care systems. In 2020, a working group founded in 2017, evolved into the "Spanish Association of Shared Care Planning" (AEPCA). The Shared Care Planning (SCP) concept grows up after the two international consensus Delphi studies in 2017 and pretends to shift from the framework of ACP programs to a person-centred care approach. In the last years, several experiences show how professionals are more sensible and interested on the ACP process, but it cannot be said, for now, that it has taken effect in the global Spanish health system. Even both ACP and SCP are being used simultaneously in Spain, each day more people and autonomous communities embrace renewed concept and foundations of SCP, supporting the work of AEPCA on spreading the value of this process into the care of people who are coping with chronic diseases, vulnerability, and frailty., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier GmbH.)

Objective: Adaptation and validation of the BTI-St© to assess the level of competence in brief tobacco intervention in general practitioners and nurses in Primary Health Care., Design: Cross-sectional study of adaptation and psychometric validation of a criterion-referenced test., Setting: Primary Health Care., Participants: One hundred fifty-five general practitioners and nurses working at Primary Health Care., Interventions: Three clinical scenarios were designed. Using an online platform, participants first viewed each scenario in which brief tobacco intervention was given. Health professional had to assess whether or not the scenarios were carried out in accordance with the 5A+5R model., Main Measures: Competence in brief tobacco intervention measured by the BTI-Prof©., Results: Results related to reliability were obtained through Kuder-Richardson coefficient, being for scenario 1, 0.880, for scenario 2, 0.829, and for scenario 3, 0.826. The test-retest shows adequate temporal stability: intraclass correlation coefficient for scenario 1 0.857 (95% CI 0.734-0.923), p<0.0001, for scenario 2 0.829 (95% CI 0.676-0.909), p<0.001, and for scenario 3 0.869 (95% CI 0.76-0.928), p<0.0001., Conclusions: The BTI-Prof© is a robust tool with adequate psychometric properties to assess competence in brief tobacco intervention in Primary Health Care general practitioners and nurses., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: In recent years, the use of drones in health emergencies has increased. Among their main benefits are avoiding endangering rescuers, travelling long distances in a short time, or contacting victims in risky situations; but despite their multiple advantages, their use has not been fully demonstrated., Study Objective: This study aims to identify the available evidence on the use of drones in emergency health care compared to traditional health care., Methods: Systematic review of the literature was conducted. Search protocols were developed to locate studies that met the established selection criteria. Six experimental or quasi-experimental studies with high methodological quality published from the beginning of indexing until 2020 were included., Results: Drones covered a significantly larger area than other traditional tracking methods and were very useful for performing preliminary triage, determining needs, and knowing the scene prior to the arrival of rescuers. In addition, drones reduced the time required to locate the victim., Conclusions: Drones are an element to be taken into account when attending health emergencies as they significantly improve the distance travelled to locate accident victims, have the possibility of performing triage prior to the arrival of the health care units, and improve the time and quality of the care provided.

The use of drones for triage in mass-casualty incidents has recently emerged as a promising technology. However, there is no triage system specifically adapted to a remote usage. Our study aimed to develop a remote triage procedure using drones. The research was performed in three stages: literature review, the development of a remote triage algorithm using drones and evaluation of the algorithm by experts. Qualitative synthesis and the calculation of content validity ratios were done to achieve the Aerial Remote Triage System. This algorithm assesses (in this order): major bleeding, walking, consciousness and signs of life; and then classify the injured people into several priority categories: priority 1 (red), priority 2 (yellow), priority 3 (green) and priority * (violet). It includes the possibility to indicate save-living interventions to injured people and bystanders, like the compression of bleeding injuries or the adoption of the recovery position. The Aerial Remote Triage System may be a useful way to perform triage by drone in complex emergencies when it is difficult to access to the scene due to physical, chemical or biological risks., Competing Interests: SCA and JMLH are founders of Emergency Medical Drone cooperative. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. We do not consider any opposed reviewers. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Objective: To know the primary care nurses' difficulties to promote advance care planning process with patients in the end of life., Design: Phenomenological qualitative methodology., Location: Health Management Area North of Jaén., Participants: Primary care nurses., Method: Purposive sampling. Fourteen in-depth interviews were conducted until the speeches saturation. Content analysis in four steps: transcription, coding, obtaining results and conclusions verification. Supported whit the software Nvivo 8. Triangulation of results between researchers., Results: Professionals' difficulties: Lack of knowledge about the topic, lack of communication skills, lack of experience and presence of negative emotions. In the health institution lack of time and interference with other professionals is a barrier. Also the patient's attitude and the family are identified as an obstacle because few people speak about the end of life. Finally, our society prevents open discussion about issues related to death., Conclusions: Professional learning about advanced care planning, training in communication skills and emotional education are necessary. Health managers should consider the fact that early interventions for planning health decisions require training, time and continued attention. If a cultural change does not happen, an evasive way to face the end of life will persist., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background: The care of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias has become a priority for healthcare systems. This is evidenced by the increasing number of clinical practice guidelines (CPG) developed in our country aimed to help professionals in making health decisions. The aim of our study was to evaluate the quality of the Spanish CPG on Alzheimer's disease and other dementias using the AGREE II instrument., Methods: Nine GPC were selected according to the inclusion criteria: Full GPC available; aimed to healthcare professionals; and published between 2002-2013. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the guides through the AGREE II instrument, in order to assess the methodological rigor and transparency of the GPC., Results: 88.8% of the guides scored a very poor quality editorial independence. Respect to rigor in the development and clarity of presentation, 77.7% also scored very low quality. There is a guide that stands out for a score above 50% in all domains of the instrument., Conclusions: The worst scored domains were Editorial independence, Rigor in the development and Applicability, in this order. The highest rated domains were Scope and Objectives and Clarity of Presentation. The guideline of the Ministry of Health, Social Policy and Equality is the best, obtaining a score above 50% in all domains. Overall, the quality of the 9 guidelines evaluated is low or very low, only two of them score as good overall quality.