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45 results on '"Gramlich, B."'

1. The Stochastic Light Confinement of LiquidO

Author

LiquidO Collaboration, Apilluelo, J., Asquith, L., Bannister, E. F., Barradas, N. P., Beney, J. L., Santos, M. Berberan e, de la Bernardie, X., Bezerra, T. J. C., Bongrand, M., Bourgeois, C., Breton, D., Buck, C., Busto, J., Burns, K., Cabrera, A., Cadiou, A., Calvo, E., Chauveau, E., Cattermole, B. J., Chen, M., Chimenti, P., Cowen, D. F., Dusini, S., Earle, A., Felizardo, M., Martins, C. Frigerio, Galán, J., García, J. A., Gazzini, R., Gibson-Foster, A., Girard-Carillo, C., Gramlich, B., Grassi, M., Griffith, W. C., Gómez-Cadenas, J. J., Guitière, M., Haddad, F., Hartnell, J., Holin, A., Irastorza, I. G., Jovanovic, I., Kling, A., Koch, L., Lasorak, P., Du, J. F. Le, Lefebvre, C., Lefevre, F., Loaiza, P., Lock, J. A., Luzón, G., Maalmi, J., Malhado, J. P., Mantovani, F., Marques, J. G., Marquet, C., Martínez, M., Navas-Nicolás, D., Nunokawa, H., Obolensky, M., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Palmeira, T., Palomares, C., Pedras, B., Petyt, D., Pillot, P., Pin, A., Porter, J. C. C., Pravikoff, M. S., Rodrigues, N., Roche, M., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Roy, N., Sarsa, M. L., Schoppmann, S., Serafini, A., Shepherd-Themistocleous, C., Shorrock, W., Silva, M., Simard, L., Soleti, S. R., Steiger, H. Th. J., Stocco, D., Strati, V., Stutzmann, J. S., Suekane, F., Tunc, A., Tuccori, N., Verdugo, A., Viaud, B., Wakely, S. M., Weber, A., Wendel, G., Wilhelm, A. S., Yeh, M., and Yermia, F.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Light-based detectors have been widely used in fundamental research and industry since their inception in the 1930s. The energy particles deposit in these detectors is converted to optical signals via the Cherenkov and scintillation mechanisms that are then propagated through transparent media to photosensors placed typically on the detector's periphery, sometimes up to tens of metres away. LiquidO is a new technique pioneering the use of opaque media to stochastically confine light around each energy deposition while collecting it with an array of fibres that thread the medium. This approach preserves topological event information otherwise lost in the conventional approach, enabling real-time imaging down to the MeV scale. Our article demonstrates LiquidO's imaging principle with a ten-litre prototype, revealing successful light confinement of 90% of the detected light within a 5 cm radius sphere, using a custom opaque scintillator with a scattering length on the order of a few millimetres. These high-resolution imaging capabilities unlock opportunities in fundamental physics research and applications beyond. The absolute amount of light detected is also studied, including possible data-driven extrapolations to LiquidO-based detectors beyond prototyping limitations. Additionally, LiquidO's timing capabilities are explored through its ability to distinguish Cherenkov light from a slow scintillator., Comment: 22 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables

Published
2025

2. Safe liquid scintillators for large scale detectors

Author

Bonhomme, A., Buck, C., Gramlich, B., and Raab, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Many experiments in particle physics, in particular in the field of neutrino searches, rely on organic liquid scintillators as target and detection material. The size of these detectors was continously growing in the last decades, up to the kiloton scale. In several cases these detectors are located at sites with enhanced safety requirements as underground laboratories or in the vicinity of nuclear reactors. Therefore, there is strong demand in liquids which are safe with respect to aspects as fire protection, human health or environmental pollution. In particular, properties as the flash point, the vapor pressure or the toxicity need to be significantly improved as compared to classical solvents such as xylene or pseudocumene. We present and compare the performance and optical properties of scintillators based on high flash point solvents. In particular polysiloxane based scintillators are characterized by outstanding properties in terms of safety., Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures

Published
2022
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3. The Double Chooz antineutrino detectors

Author

Double Chooz Collaboration, de Kerret, H., Abe, Y., Aberle, C., Abrahão, T., Ahijado, J. M., Akiri, T., Alarcón, J. M., Alba, J., Almazan, H., Anjos, J. C. dos, Appel, S., Ardellier, F., Barabanov, I., Barriere, J. C., Baussan, E., Baxter, A., Bekman, I., Bergevin, M., Bernstein, A., Bertoli, W., Bezerra, T. J. C., Bezrukov, L., Blanco, C., Bleurvacq, N., Blucher, E., Bonet, H., Bongrand, M., Bowden, N. S, Brugière, T., Buck, C., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Busenitz, J., Cabrera, A., Calvo, E., Camilleri, L., Carr, R., Cazaux, S., Cela, J. M., Cerrada, M., Chang, P. J., Charon, P., Chauveau, E., Chimenti, P., Classen, T., Collin, A. P., Conover, E., Conrad, J. M, Cormon, S., Corpace, O., Courty, B., Crespo-Anadón, J. I., Cribier, M., Crum, K., Cuadrado, S., Cucoanes, A., D'Agostino, M., Damon, E., Dawson, J. V., Dazeley, S., Dierckxsens, M., Dietrich, D., Djurcic, Z., Dorigo, F., Dracos, M., Durand, V., Efremekov, Y., Elnimr, M., Etenko, A., Falk, E., Fallot, M., Fechner, M., Felde, J., Fernandes, S. M., Fernández-Bedoya, C., Francia, D., Franco, D., Fischer, V., Franke, A. J., Franke, M., Furuta, H., Garcia, F., Garcia, J., Gil-Botella, I., Giot, L., Givaudan, A., Göger-Neff, M., Gomez, H., Gonzalez, L. F. G., Goodenough, L., Goodman, M. C., Goon, J., Gramlich, B., Greiner, D., Guertin, A., Guillon, B., Habib, S. M., Haddad, Y., Hara, T., Hartmann, F. X., Hartnell, J., Haser, J., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hellwig, D., Hervé, S., Hofacker, R., Horton-Smith, G., Hourlier, A., Ishitsuka, M., Jänner, K., Jiménez, S., Jochum, J., Jollet, C., Kaether, F., Kale, K., Kalousis, L., Kamyshkov, Y., Kaneda, M., Kaplan, D. M., Karakac, M., Kawasaki, T., Kemp, E., Kibe, Y., Kirchner, T., Konno, T., Kryn, D., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Lachenmaier, T., Lane, C. E., Langbrandtner, C., Lasserre, T., Lastoria, C., Latron, L., Leonardo, C., Letourneau, A., Lhuillier, D., Lima Jr, H. P., Lindner, M., López-Castaño, J. M., LoSecco, J. M., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lucht, S., Maeda, J., Maesano, C. N., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Marie, F., Martinez, J. J., Martino, J., Matsubara, T., McKee, D., Meigner, F., Mention, G., Meregaglia, A., Meyer, J. P., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Millot, J. F., Minotti, A., Mirones, V., Miyata, H., Mueller, Th. A., Nagasaka, Y., Nakajima, K., Navas-Nicolás, D., Nikitenko, Y., Novella, P., Oberauer, L., Obolensky, M., Onillon, A., Oralbaev, A., Ostrovskiy, I., Palomares, C., Peeters, S. J. M., Pepe, I. M., Perasso, S., Perrin, P., Pfahler, P., Porta, A., Pronost, G., Puras, J. C., Quéval, R., Ramirez, J. L., Reichenbacher, J., Reinhold, B., Reissfelder, M., Remoto, A., Reyna, D., Rodriguez, I., Röhling, M., Roncin, R., Rudolf, N., Rybolt, B., Sakamoto, Y., Santorelli, R., Sato, F., Schwan, U., Scola, L., Settimo, M., Schönert, S., Schoppmann, S., Shaevitz, M. A., Sharankova, R., Sibille, V., Sida, J. L., Sinev, V., Shrestha, D., Skorokhvatov, M., Soldin, P., Spitz, J., Stahl, A., Stancu, I., Starzynski, P., Stock, M. R., Stokes, L. F. F., Strait, M., Stüken, A., Suekane, F., Sukhotin, S., Sumiyoshi, T., Sun, Y., Sun, Z., Svoboda, R., Tabata, H., Tamura, N., Terao, K., Tonazzo, A., Toral, F., Toups, M., Thi, H. Trinh, Valdivia, F., Valdiviesso, G., Vassilopoulos, N., Verdugo, A., Veyssiere, C., Viaud, B., Vignaud, D., Vivier, M., Wagner, S., Wiebusch, C., White, B., Winslow, L., Worcester, M., Wurm, M., Wurtz, J., Yang, G., Yáñez, J., Yermia, F., and Zbiri, K.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

This article describes the setup and performance of the near and far detectors in the Double Chooz experiment. The electron antineutrinos of the Chooz nuclear power plant were measured in two identically designed detectors with different average baselines of about 400 m and 1050 m from the two reactor cores. Over many years of data taking the neutrino signals were extracted from interactions in the detectors with the goal of measuring a fundamental parameter in the context of neutrino oscillation, the mixing angle {\theta}13. The central part of the Double Chooz detectors was a main detector comprising four cylindrical volumes filled with organic liquids. From the inside towards the outside there were volumes containing gadolinium-loaded scintillator, gadolinium-free scintillator, a buffer oil and, optically separated, another liquid scintillator acting as veto system. Above this main detector an additional outer veto system using plastic scintillator strips was installed. The technologies developed in Double Chooz were inspiration for several other antineutrino detectors in the field. The detector design allowed implementation of efficient background rejection techniques including use of pulse shape information provided by the data acquisition system. The Double Chooz detectors featured remarkable stability, in particular for the detected photons, as well as high radiopurity of the detector components., Comment: 49 pages, 29 figures

Published
2022
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4. Neutrino Physics with an Opaque Detector

Author

Cabrera, A., Abusleme, A., Anjos, J. dos, Bezerra, T. J. C., Bongrand, M., Bourgeois, C., Breton, D., Buck, C., Busto, J., Calvo, E., Chauveau, E., Chen, M., Chimenti, P., Corso, F. Dal, De Conto, G., Dusini, S., Fiorentini, G., Martins, C. Frigerio, Givaudan, A., Govoni, P., Gramlich, B., Grassi, M., Han, Y., Hartnell, J., Hugon, C., Jiménez, S., de Kerret, H., Nevé, A. Le, Loaiza, P., Maalmi, J., Mantovani, F., Manzanillas, L., Marquet, C., Martino, J., Navas-Nicolás, D., Nunokawa, H., Obolensky, M., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Ortona, G., Palomares, C., Pessina, F., Pin, A., Porter, J. C. C., Pravikoff, M. S., Roche, M., Roskovec, B., Roy, N., Santos, C., Schoppmann, S., Serafini, A., Simard, L., Sisti, M., Stanco, L., Strati, V., Stutzmann, J. -S., Suekane, F., Verdugo, A., Viaud, B., Volpe, C., Vrignon, C., Wagner, S., and Yermia, F.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

In 1956 Reines & Cowan discovered the neutrino using a liquid scintillator detector. The neutrinos interacted with the scintillator, producing light that propagated across transparent volumes to surrounding photo-sensors. This approach has remained one of the most widespread and successful neutrino detection technologies used since. This article introduces a concept that breaks with the conventional paradigm of transparency by confining and collecting light near its creation point with an opaque scintillator and a dense array of optical fibres. This technique, called LiquidO, can provide high-resolution imaging to enable efficient identification of individual particles event-by-event. A natural affinity for adding dopants at high concentrations is provided by the use of an opaque medium. With these and other capabilities, the potential of our detector concept to unlock opportunities in neutrino physics is presented here, alongside the results of the first experimental validation., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures

Published
2019
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5. The STEREO Experiment

Author

Allemandou, N., Almazán, H., Sanchez, P. del Amo, Bernard, L., Bernard, C., Blanchet, A., Bonhomme, A., Bosson, G., Bourrion, O., Bouvier, J., Buck, C., Caillot, V., Chala, M., Champion, P., Charon, P., Collin, A., Contrepois, P., Coulloux, G., Desbrières, B., Deleglise, G., Kanawati, W. El, Favier, J., Fuard, S., Monteiro, I. Gomes, Gramlich, B., Haser, J., Helaine, V., Heusch, M., Jentschel, M., Kandzia, F., Konrad, G., Köster, U., Kox, S., Lahonde-Hamdoun, C., Lamblin, J., Letourneau, A., Lhuillier, D., Li, C., Lindner, M., Manzanillas, L., Materna, T., Méplan, O., Minotti, A., Monon, C., Montanet, F., Nunio, F., Peltier, F., Penichot, Y., Pequignot, M., Pessard, H., Piret, Y., Prono, G., Quéméner, G., Real, J. -S., Roca, C., Salagnac, T., Sergeyeva, V., Schoppmann, S., Scola, L., Scordilis, J. -P., Soldner, T., Stutz, A., Tourres, D., Vescovi, C., and Zsoldos, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The STEREO experiment is a very short baseline reactor antineutrino experiment aiming at testing the hypothesis of light sterile neutrinos as an explanation of the deficit of the observed neutrino interaction rate with respect to the predicted rate, known as the Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly. The detector center is located 10 m away from the compact, highly $^{235}$U enriched core of the research nuclear reactor of the Institut Laue Langevin in Grenoble, France. This paper describes the STEREO site, the detector components and associated shielding designed to suppress the external sources of background which were characterized on site. It reports the performances in terms of detector response and energy reconstruction., Comment: 32 pages, 17 figures

Published
2018
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6. Light propagation and fluorescence quantum yields in liquid scintillators

Author

Buck, C., Gramlich, B., and Wagner, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

For the simulation of the scintillation and Cherenkov light propagation in large liquid scintillator detectors a detailed knowledge about the absorption and emission spectra of the scintillator molecules is mandatory. Furthermore reemission probabilities and quantum yields of the scintillator components influence the light propagation inside the liquid. Absorption and emission properties are presented for liquid scintillators using 2,5-Diphenyloxazole (PPO) and 4-bis-(2-Methylstyryl)benzene (bis-MSB) as primary and secondary wavelength shifter. New measurements of the quantum yields for various aromatic molecules are shown., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 table

Published
2015
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7. Large scale Gd-beta-diketonate based organic liquid scintillator production for antineutrino detection

Author

Aberle, C., Buck, C., Gramlich, B., Hartmann, F. X., Lindner, M., Schönert, S., Schwan, U., Wagner, S., and Watanabe, H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Over the course of several decades, organic liquid scintillators have formed the basis for successful neutrino detectors. Gadolinium-loaded liquid scintillators provide efficient background suppression for electron antineutrino detection at nuclear reactor plants. In the Double Chooz reactor antineutrino experiment, a newly developed beta-diketonate gadolinium-loaded scintillator is utilized for the first time. Its large scale production and characterization are described. A new, light yield matched metal-free companion scintillator is presented. Both organic liquids comprise the target and "Gamma Catcher" of the Double Chooz detectors., Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables

Published
2011
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8. The Double Chooz antineutrino detectors

Author

de Kerret, H, Abe, Y, Aberle, C, Abrahao, T, Ahijado, J, Akiri, T, Alarcon, J, Alba, J, Almazan, H, dos Anjos, J, Appel, S, Ardellier, F, Barabanov, I, Barriere, J, Baussan, E, Baxter, A, Bekman, I, Bergevin, M, Bernstein, A, Bertoli, W, Bezerra, T, Bezrukov, L, Blanco, C, Bleurvacq, N, Blucher, E, Bonet, H, Bongrand, M, Bowden, N, Brugiere, T, Buck, C, Avanzini, M, Busenitz, J, Cabrera, A, Caden, E, Calvo, E, Camilleri, L, Carr, R, Cazaux, S, Cela, J, Cerrada, M, Chang, P, Charon, P, Chauveau, E, Chimenti, P, Classen, T, Collin, A, Conover, E, Conrad, J, Cormon, S, Corpace, O, Courty, B, Crespo-Anadon, J, Cribier, M, Crum, K, Cuadrado, S, Cucoanes, A, D'Agostino, M, Damon, E, Dawson, J, Dazeley, S, Dierckxsens, M, Dietrich, D, Djurcic, Z, Dorigo, F, Dracos, M, Durand, V, Efremeko, Y, Elnimr, M, Etenko, A, Falk, E, Fallot, M, Fechner, M, Felde, J, Fernandes, S, Fernandez-Bedoya, C, Francia, D, Franco, D, Fischer, V, Franke, A, Franke, M, Furuta, H, Garcia, F, Garcia, J, Gil-Botella, I, Giot, L, Givaudan, A, Goger-Neff, M, Gomez, H, Gonzalez, L, Goodenough, L, Goodman, M, Goon, J, Gramlich, B, Greiner, D, Guertin, A, Guillon, B, Habib, S, Haddad, Y, Hara, T, Hartmann, F, Hartnell, J, Haser, J, Hatzikoutelis, A, Hellwig, D, Herve, S, Hofacker, R, Horton-Smith, G, Hourlier, A, Ishitsuka, M, Janner, K, Jimenez, S, Jochum, J, Jollet, C, Kaether, F, Kale, K, Kalousis, L, Kamyshkov, Y, Kaneda, M, Kaplan, D, Karakac, M, Kawasaki, T, Kemp, E, Kibe, Y, Kirchner, T, Konno, T, Kryn, D, Kutter, T, Kuze, M, Lachenmaier, T, Lane, C, Langbrandtner, C, Lasserre, T, Lastoria, C, Latron, L, Leonardo, C, Letourneau, A, Lhuillier, D, Lima, H, Lindner, M, Lopez-Castano, J, Losecco, J, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lucht, S, Maeda, J, Maesano, C, Mariani, C, Maricic, J, Marie, F, Martinez, J, Martino, J, Matsubara, T, Mckee, D, Meigner, F, Mention, G, Meregaglia, A, Meyer, J, Miletic, T, Milincic, R, Millot, J, Minotti, A, Mirones, V, Miyata, H, Mueller, T, Nagasaka, Y, Nakajima, K, Navas-Nicolas, D, Nikitenko, Y, Novella, P, Oberauer, L, Obolensky, M, Onillon, A, Oralbaev, A, Ostrovskiy, I, Palomares, C, Peeters, S, Pepe, I, Perasso, S, Perrin, P, Pfahler, P, Porta, A, Pronost, G, Puras, J, Queval, R, Ramirez, J, Reichenbacher, J, Reinhold, B, Reissfelder, M, Remoto, A, Reyna, D, Rodriguez, I, Rohling, M, Roncin, R, Rudolf, N, Rybolt, B, Sakamoto, Y, Santorelli, R, Sato, F, Schwan, U, Schonert, S, Schoppmann, S, Scola, L, Settimo, M, Shaevitz, M, Sharankova, R, Sibille, V, Sida, J, Sinev, V, Shrestha, D, Skorokhvatov, M, Soldin, P, Spitz, J, Stahl, A, Stancu, I, Starzynski, P, Stock, M, Stokes, L, Strait, M, Stuken, A, Suekane, F, Sukhotin, S, Sumiyoshi, T, Sun, Y, Sun, Z, Svoboda, R, Tabata, H, Tamura, N, Terao, K, Tonazzo, A, Toral, F, Toups, M, Thi, H, Valdivia, F, Valdiviesso, G, Vassilopoulos, N, Verdugo, A, Veyssiere, C, Viaud, B, Vignaud, D, Vivier, M, Wagner, S, Wiebusch, C, White, B, Winslow, L, Worcester, M, Wurm, M, Wurtz, J, Yang, G, Yanez, J, Yermia, F, Zbiri, K, de Kerret H., Abe Y., Aberle C., Abrahao T., Ahijado J. M., Akiri T., Alarcon J. M., Alba J., Almazan H., dos Anjos J. C., Appel S., Ardellier F., Barabanov I., Barriere J. C., Baussan E., Baxter A., Bekman I., Bergevin M., Bernstein A., Bertoli W., Bezerra T. J. C., Bezrukov L., Blanco C., Bleurvacq N., Blucher E., Bonet H., Bongrand M., Bowden N. S., Brugiere T., Buck C., Avanzini M. B., Busenitz J., Cabrera A., Caden E., Calvo E., Camilleri L., Carr R., Cazaux S., Cela J. M., Cerrada M., Chang P. J., Charon P., Chauveau E., Chimenti P., Classen T., Collin A. P., Conover E., Conrad J. M., Cormon S., Corpace O., Courty B., Crespo-Anadon J. I., Cribier M., Crum K., Cuadrado S., Cucoanes A., D'Agostino M., Damon E., Dawson J. V., Dazeley S., Dierckxsens M., Dietrich D., Djurcic Z., Dorigo F., Dracos M., Durand V., Efremeko Y., Elnimr M., Etenko A., Falk E., Fallot M., Fechner M., Felde J., Fernandes S. M., Fernandez-Bedoya C., Francia D., Franco D., Fischer V., Franke A. J., Franke M., Furuta H., Garcia F., Garcia J., Gil-Botella I., Giot L., Givaudan A., Goger-Neff M., Gomez H., Gonzalez L. F. G., Goodenough L., Goodman M. C., Goon J., Gramlich B., Greiner D., Guertin A., Guillon B., Habib S. M., Haddad Y., Hara T., Hartmann F. X., Hartnell J., Haser J., Hatzikoutelis A., Hellwig D., Herve S., Hofacker R., Horton-Smith G., Hourlier A., Ishitsuka M., Janner K., Jimenez S., Jochum J., Jollet C., Kaether F., Kale K., Kalousis L., Kamyshkov Y., Kaneda M., Kaplan D. M., Karakac M., Kawasaki T., Kemp E., Kibe Y., Kirchner T., Konno T., Kryn D., Kutter T., Kuze M., Lachenmaier T., Lane C. E., Langbrandtner C., Lasserre T., Lastoria C., Latron L., Leonardo C., Letourneau A., Lhuillier D., Lima H. P., Lindner M., Lopez-Castano J. M., LoSecco J. M., Lubsandorzhiev B., Lucht S., Maeda J., Maesano C. N., Mariani C., Maricic J., Marie F., Martinez J. J., Martino J., Matsubara T., McKee D., Meigner F., Mention G., Meregaglia A., Meyer J. P., Miletic T., Milincic R., Millot J. F., Minotti A., Mirones V., Miyata H., Mueller T. A., Nagasaka Y., Nakajima K., Navas-Nicolas D., Nikitenko Y., Novella P., Oberauer L., Obolensky M., Onillon A., Oralbaev A., Ostrovskiy I., Palomares C., Peeters S. J. M., Pepe I. M., Perasso S., Perrin P., Pfahler P., Porta A., Pronost G., Puras J. C., Queval R., Ramirez J. L., Reichenbacher J., Reinhold B., Reissfelder M., Remoto A., Reyna D., Rodriguez I., Rohling M., Roncin R., Rudolf N., Rybolt B., Sakamoto Y., Santorelli R., Sato F., Schwan U., Schonert S., Schoppmann S., Scola L., Settimo M., Shaevitz M. A., Sharankova R., Sibille V., Sida J. -L., Sinev V., Shrestha D., Skorokhvatov M., Soldin P., Spitz J., Stahl A., Stancu I., Starzynski P., Stock M. R., Stokes L. F. F., Strait M., Stuken A., Suekane F., Sukhotin S., Sumiyoshi T., Sun Y., Sun Z., Svoboda R., Tabata H., Tamura N., Terao K., Tonazzo A., Toral F., Toups M., Thi H. T., Valdivia F., Valdiviesso G., Vassilopoulos N., Verdugo A., Veyssiere C., Viaud B., Vignaud D., Vivier M., Wagner S., Wiebusch C., White B., Winslow L., Worcester M., Wurm M., Wurtz J., Yang G., Yanez J., Yermia F., Zbiri K., de Kerret, H, Abe, Y, Aberle, C, Abrahao, T, Ahijado, J, Akiri, T, Alarcon, J, Alba, J, Almazan, H, dos Anjos, J, Appel, S, Ardellier, F, Barabanov, I, Barriere, J, Baussan, E, Baxter, A, Bekman, I, Bergevin, M, Bernstein, A, Bertoli, W, Bezerra, T, Bezrukov, L, Blanco, C, Bleurvacq, N, Blucher, E, Bonet, H, Bongrand, M, Bowden, N, Brugiere, T, Buck, C, Avanzini, M, Busenitz, J, Cabrera, A, Caden, E, Calvo, E, Camilleri, L, Carr, R, Cazaux, S, Cela, J, Cerrada, M, Chang, P, Charon, P, Chauveau, E, Chimenti, P, Classen, T, Collin, A, Conover, E, Conrad, J, Cormon, S, Corpace, O, Courty, B, Crespo-Anadon, J, Cribier, M, Crum, K, Cuadrado, S, Cucoanes, A, D'Agostino, M, Damon, E, Dawson, J, Dazeley, S, Dierckxsens, M, Dietrich, D, Djurcic, Z, Dorigo, F, Dracos, M, Durand, V, Efremeko, Y, Elnimr, M, Etenko, A, Falk, E, Fallot, M, Fechner, M, Felde, J, Fernandes, S, Fernandez-Bedoya, C, Francia, D, Franco, D, Fischer, V, Franke, A, Franke, M, Furuta, H, Garcia, F, Garcia, J, Gil-Botella, I, Giot, L, Givaudan, A, Goger-Neff, M, Gomez, H, Gonzalez, L, Goodenough, L, Goodman, M, Goon, J, Gramlich, B, Greiner, D, Guertin, A, Guillon, B, Habib, S, Haddad, Y, Hara, T, Hartmann, F, Hartnell, J, Haser, J, Hatzikoutelis, A, Hellwig, D, Herve, S, Hofacker, R, Horton-Smith, G, Hourlier, A, Ishitsuka, M, Janner, K, Jimenez, S, Jochum, J, Jollet, C, Kaether, F, Kale, K, Kalousis, L, Kamyshkov, Y, Kaneda, M, Kaplan, D, Karakac, M, Kawasaki, T, Kemp, E, Kibe, Y, Kirchner, T, Konno, T, Kryn, D, Kutter, T, Kuze, M, Lachenmaier, T, Lane, C, Langbrandtner, C, Lasserre, T, Lastoria, C, Latron, L, Leonardo, C, Letourneau, A, Lhuillier, D, Lima, H, Lindner, M, Lopez-Castano, J, Losecco, J, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lucht, S, Maeda, J, Maesano, C, Mariani, C, Maricic, J, Marie, F, Martinez, J, Martino, J, Matsubara, T, Mckee, D, Meigner, F, Mention, G, Meregaglia, A, Meyer, J, Miletic, T, Milincic, R, Millot, J, Minotti, A, Mirones, V, Miyata, H, Mueller, T, Nagasaka, Y, Nakajima, K, Navas-Nicolas, D, Nikitenko, Y, Novella, P, Oberauer, L, Obolensky, M, Onillon, A, Oralbaev, A, Ostrovskiy, I, Palomares, C, Peeters, S, Pepe, I, Perasso, S, Perrin, P, Pfahler, P, Porta, A, Pronost, G, Puras, J, Queval, R, Ramirez, J, Reichenbacher, J, Reinhold, B, Reissfelder, M, Remoto, A, Reyna, D, Rodriguez, I, Rohling, M, Roncin, R, Rudolf, N, Rybolt, B, Sakamoto, Y, Santorelli, R, Sato, F, Schwan, U, Schonert, S, Schoppmann, S, Scola, L, Settimo, M, Shaevitz, M, Sharankova, R, Sibille, V, Sida, J, Sinev, V, Shrestha, D, Skorokhvatov, M, Soldin, P, Spitz, J, Stahl, A, Stancu, I, Starzynski, P, Stock, M, Stokes, L, Strait, M, Stuken, A, Suekane, F, Sukhotin, S, Sumiyoshi, T, Sun, Y, Sun, Z, Svoboda, R, Tabata, H, Tamura, N, Terao, K, Tonazzo, A, Toral, F, Toups, M, Thi, H, Valdivia, F, Valdiviesso, G, Vassilopoulos, N, Verdugo, A, Veyssiere, C, Viaud, B, Vignaud, D, Vivier, M, Wagner, S, Wiebusch, C, White, B, Winslow, L, Worcester, M, Wurm, M, Wurtz, J, Yang, G, Yanez, J, Yermia, F, Zbiri, K, de Kerret H., Abe Y., Aberle C., Abrahao T., Ahijado J. M., Akiri T., Alarcon J. M., Alba J., Almazan H., dos Anjos J. C., Appel S., Ardellier F., Barabanov I., Barriere J. C., Baussan E., Baxter A., Bekman I., Bergevin M., Bernstein A., Bertoli W., Bezerra T. J. C., Bezrukov L., Blanco C., Bleurvacq N., Blucher E., Bonet H., Bongrand M., Bowden N. S., Brugiere T., Buck C., Avanzini M. B., Busenitz J., Cabrera A., Caden E., Calvo E., Camilleri L., Carr R., Cazaux S., Cela J. M., Cerrada M., Chang P. J., Charon P., Chauveau E., Chimenti P., Classen T., Collin A. P., Conover E., Conrad J. M., Cormon S., Corpace O., Courty B., Crespo-Anadon J. I., Cribier M., Crum K., Cuadrado S., Cucoanes A., D'Agostino M., Damon E., Dawson J. V., Dazeley S., Dierckxsens M., Dietrich D., Djurcic Z., Dorigo F., Dracos M., Durand V., Efremeko Y., Elnimr M., Etenko A., Falk E., Fallot M., Fechner M., Felde J., Fernandes S. M., Fernandez-Bedoya C., Francia D., Franco D., Fischer V., Franke A. J., Franke M., Furuta H., Garcia F., Garcia J., Gil-Botella I., Giot L., Givaudan A., Goger-Neff M., Gomez H., Gonzalez L. F. G., Goodenough L., Goodman M. C., Goon J., Gramlich B., Greiner D., Guertin A., Guillon B., Habib S. M., Haddad Y., Hara T., Hartmann F. X., Hartnell J., Haser J., Hatzikoutelis A., Hellwig D., Herve S., Hofacker R., Horton-Smith G., Hourlier A., Ishitsuka M., Janner K., Jimenez S., Jochum J., Jollet C., Kaether F., Kale K., Kalousis L., Kamyshkov Y., Kaneda M., Kaplan D. M., Karakac M., Kawasaki T., Kemp E., Kibe Y., Kirchner T., Konno T., Kryn D., Kutter T., Kuze M., Lachenmaier T., Lane C. E., Langbrandtner C., Lasserre T., Lastoria C., Latron L., Leonardo C., Letourneau A., Lhuillier D., Lima H. P., Lindner M., Lopez-Castano J. M., LoSecco J. M., Lubsandorzhiev B., Lucht S., Maeda J., Maesano C. N., Mariani C., Maricic J., Marie F., Martinez J. J., Martino J., Matsubara T., McKee D., Meigner F., Mention G., Meregaglia A., Meyer J. P., Miletic T., Milincic R., Millot J. F., Minotti A., Mirones V., Miyata H., Mueller T. A., Nagasaka Y., Nakajima K., Navas-Nicolas D., Nikitenko Y., Novella P., Oberauer L., Obolensky M., Onillon A., Oralbaev A., Ostrovskiy I., Palomares C., Peeters S. J. M., Pepe I. M., Perasso S., Perrin P., Pfahler P., Porta A., Pronost G., Puras J. C., Queval R., Ramirez J. L., Reichenbacher J., Reinhold B., Reissfelder M., Remoto A., Reyna D., Rodriguez I., Rohling M., Roncin R., Rudolf N., Rybolt B., Sakamoto Y., Santorelli R., Sato F., Schwan U., Schonert S., Schoppmann S., Scola L., Settimo M., Shaevitz M. A., Sharankova R., Sibille V., Sida J. -L., Sinev V., Shrestha D., Skorokhvatov M., Soldin P., Spitz J., Stahl A., Stancu I., Starzynski P., Stock M. R., Stokes L. F. F., Strait M., Stuken A., Suekane F., Sukhotin S., Sumiyoshi T., Sun Y., Sun Z., Svoboda R., Tabata H., Tamura N., Terao K., Tonazzo A., Toral F., Toups M., Thi H. T., Valdivia F., Valdiviesso G., Vassilopoulos N., Verdugo A., Veyssiere C., Viaud B., Vignaud D., Vivier M., Wagner S., Wiebusch C., White B., Winslow L., Worcester M., Wurm M., Wurtz J., Yang G., Yanez J., Yermia F., and Zbiri K.

Published
2022

9. Neutrino physics with an opaque detector

Author

Cabrera, A, Abusleme, A, dos Anjos, J, Bezerra, T, Bongrand, M, Bourgeois, C, Breton, D, Buck, C, Busto, J, Calvo, E, Chauveau, E, Chen, M, Chimenti, P, Dal Corso, F, De Conto, G, Dusini, S, Fiorentini, G, Martins, C, Givaudan, A, Govoni, P, Gramlich, B, Grassi, M, Han, Y, Hartnell, J, Hugon, C, Jiménez, S, de Kerret, H, Le Nevé, A, Loaiza, P, Maalmi, J, Mantovani, F, Manzanillas, L, Marquet, C, Martino, J, Navas-Nicolás, D, Nunokawa, H, Obolensky, M, Ochoa-Ricoux, J, Ortona, G, Palomares, C, Pessina, F, Pin, A, Porter, J, Pravikoff, M, Roche, M, Roskovec, B, Roy, N, Santos, C, Schoppmann, S, Serafini, A, Simard, L, Sisti, M, Stanco, L, Strati, V, Stutzmann, J, Suekane, F, Verdugo, A, Viaud, B, Volpe, C, Vrignon, C, Wagner, S, Yermia, F, Cabrera, A., Abusleme, A., dos Anjos, J., Bezerra, T. J. C., Bongrand, M., Bourgeois, C., Breton, D., Buck, C., Busto, J., Calvo, E., Chauveau, E., Chen, M., Chimenti, P., Dal Corso, F., De Conto, G., Dusini, S., Fiorentini, G., Martins, C. Frigerio, Givaudan, A., Govoni, P., Gramlich, B., Grassi, M., Han, Y., Hartnell, J., Hugon, C., Jiménez, S., de Kerret, H., Le Nevé, A., Loaiza, P., Maalmi, J., Mantovani, F., Manzanillas, L., Marquet, C., Martino, J., Navas-Nicolás, D., Nunokawa, H., Obolensky, M., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Ortona, G., Palomares, C., Pessina, F., Pin, A., Porter, J. C. C., Pravikoff, M. S., Roche, M., Roskovec, B., Roy, N., Santos, C., Schoppmann, S., Serafini, A., Simard, L., Sisti, M., Stanco, L., Strati, V., Stutzmann, J. -S., Suekane, F., Verdugo, A., Viaud, B., Volpe, C., Vrignon, C., Wagner, S., Yermia, F., Cabrera, A, Abusleme, A, dos Anjos, J, Bezerra, T, Bongrand, M, Bourgeois, C, Breton, D, Buck, C, Busto, J, Calvo, E, Chauveau, E, Chen, M, Chimenti, P, Dal Corso, F, De Conto, G, Dusini, S, Fiorentini, G, Martins, C, Givaudan, A, Govoni, P, Gramlich, B, Grassi, M, Han, Y, Hartnell, J, Hugon, C, Jiménez, S, de Kerret, H, Le Nevé, A, Loaiza, P, Maalmi, J, Mantovani, F, Manzanillas, L, Marquet, C, Martino, J, Navas-Nicolás, D, Nunokawa, H, Obolensky, M, Ochoa-Ricoux, J, Ortona, G, Palomares, C, Pessina, F, Pin, A, Porter, J, Pravikoff, M, Roche, M, Roskovec, B, Roy, N, Santos, C, Schoppmann, S, Serafini, A, Simard, L, Sisti, M, Stanco, L, Strati, V, Stutzmann, J, Suekane, F, Verdugo, A, Viaud, B, Volpe, C, Vrignon, C, Wagner, S, Yermia, F, Cabrera, A., Abusleme, A., dos Anjos, J., Bezerra, T. J. C., Bongrand, M., Bourgeois, C., Breton, D., Buck, C., Busto, J., Calvo, E., Chauveau, E., Chen, M., Chimenti, P., Dal Corso, F., De Conto, G., Dusini, S., Fiorentini, G., Martins, C. Frigerio, Givaudan, A., Govoni, P., Gramlich, B., Grassi, M., Han, Y., Hartnell, J., Hugon, C., Jiménez, S., de Kerret, H., Le Nevé, A., Loaiza, P., Maalmi, J., Mantovani, F., Manzanillas, L., Marquet, C., Martino, J., Navas-Nicolás, D., Nunokawa, H., Obolensky, M., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Ortona, G., Palomares, C., Pessina, F., Pin, A., Porter, J. C. C., Pravikoff, M. S., Roche, M., Roskovec, B., Roy, N., Santos, C., Schoppmann, S., Serafini, A., Simard, L., Sisti, M., Stanco, L., Strati, V., Stutzmann, J. -S., Suekane, F., Verdugo, A., Viaud, B., Volpe, C., Vrignon, C., Wagner, S., and Yermia, F.

Abstract

In 1956 Reines & Cowan discovered the neutrino using a liquid scintillator detector. The neutrinos interacted with the scintillator, producing light that propagated across transparent volumes to surrounding photo-sensors. This approach has remained one of the most widespread and successful neutrino detection technologies used since. This article introduces a concept that breaks with the conventional paradigm of transparency by confining and collecting light near its creation point with an opaque scintillator and a dense array of optical fibres. This technique, called LiquidO, can provide high-resolution imaging to enable efficient identification of individual particles event-by-event. A natural affinity for adding dopants at high concentrations is provided by the use of an opaque medium. With these and other capabilities, the potential of our detector concept to unlock opportunities in neutrino physics is presented here, alongside the results of the first experimental validation.

Published
2021

11. Improving On-Demand Strategy Annotations

Author

Alpuente, M., Escobar, S., Gramlich, B., Lucas, S., Goos, G., editor, Hartmanis, J., editor, van Leeuwen, J., editor, Carbonell, Jaime G., editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Baaz, Matthias, editor, and Voronkov, Andrei, editor

Published
2002
Full Text
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12. The Double Chooz antineutrino detectors

Author

de Kerret, H., primary, Abe, Y., additional, Aberle, C., additional, Abrahão, T., additional, Ahijado, J. M., additional, Akiri, T., additional, Alarcón, J. M., additional, Alba, J., additional, Almazan, H., additional, dos Anjos, J. C., additional, Appel, S., additional, Ardellier, F., additional, Barabanov, I., additional, Barriere, J. C., additional, Baussan, E., additional, Baxter, A., additional, Bekman, I., additional, Bergevin, M., additional, Bernstein, A., additional, Bertoli, W., additional, Bezerra, T. J. C., additional, Bezrukov, L., additional, Blanco, C., additional, Bleurvacq, N., additional, Blucher, E., additional, Bonet, H., additional, Bongrand, M., additional, Bowden, N. S, additional, Brugière, T., additional, Buck, C., additional, Avanzini, M. Buizza, additional, Busenitz, J., additional, Cabrera, A., additional, Caden, E., additional, Calvo, E., additional, Camilleri, L., additional, Carr, R., additional, Cazaux, S., additional, Cela, J. M., additional, Cerrada, M., additional, Chang, P. J., additional, Charon, P., additional, Chauveau, E., additional, Chimenti, P., additional, Classen, T., additional, Collin, A. P., additional, Conover, E., additional, Conrad, J. M, additional, Cormon, S., additional, Corpace, O., additional, Courty, B., additional, Crespo-Anadón, J. I., additional, Cribier, M., additional, Crum, K., additional, Cuadrado, S., additional, Cucoanes, A., additional, D’Agostino, M., additional, Damon, E., additional, Dawson, J. V., additional, Dazeley, S., additional, Dierckxsens, M., additional, Dietrich, D., additional, Djurcic, Z., additional, Dorigo, F., additional, Dracos, M., additional, Durand, V., additional, Efremeko, Y., additional, Elnimr, M., additional, Etenko, A., additional, Falk, E., additional, Fallot, M., additional, Fechner, M., additional, Felde, J., additional, Fernandes, S. M., additional, Fernández-Bedoya, C., additional, Francia, D., additional, Franco, D., additional, Fischer, V., additional, Franke, A. J., additional, Franke, M., additional, Furuta, H., additional, Garcia, F., additional, Garcia, J., additional, Gil-Botella, I., additional, Giot, L., additional, Givaudan, A., additional, Göger-Neff, M., additional, Gomez, H., additional, Gonzalez, L. F. G., additional, Goodenough, L., additional, Goodman, M. C., additional, Goon, J., additional, Gramlich, B., additional, Greiner, D., additional, Guertin, A., additional, Guillon, B., additional, Habib, S. M., additional, Haddad, Y., additional, Hara, T., additional, Hartmann, F. X., additional, Hartnell, J., additional, Haser, J., additional, Hatzikoutelis, A., additional, Hellwig, D., additional, Hervé, S., additional, Hofacker, R., additional, Horton-Smith, G., additional, Hourlier, A., additional, Ishitsuka, M., additional, Jänner, K., additional, Jiménez, S., additional, Jochum, J., additional, Jollet, C., additional, Kaether, F., additional, Kale, K., additional, Kalousis, L., additional, Kamyshkov, Y., additional, Kaneda, M., additional, Kaplan, D. M., additional, Karakac, M., additional, Kawasaki, T., additional, Kemp, E., additional, Kibe, Y., additional, Kirchner, T., additional, Konno, T., additional, Kryn, D., additional, Kutter, T., additional, Kuze, M., additional, Lachenmaier, T., additional, Lane, C. E., additional, Langbrandtner, C., additional, Lasserre, T., additional, Lastoria, C., additional, Latron, L., additional, Leonardo, C., additional, Letourneau, A., additional, Lhuillier, D., additional, Lima, H. P., additional, Lindner, M., additional, López-Castaño, J. M., additional, LoSecco, J. M., additional, Lubsandorzhiev, B., additional, Lucht, S., additional, Maeda, J., additional, Maesano, C. N., additional, Mariani, C., additional, Maricic, J., additional, Marie, F., additional, Martinez, J. J., additional, Martino, J., additional, Matsubara, T., additional, McKee, D., additional, Meigner, F., additional, Mention, G., additional, Meregaglia, A., additional, Meyer, J. P., additional, Miletic, T., additional, Milincic, R., additional, Millot, J. F., additional, Minotti, A., additional, Mirones, V., additional, Miyata, H., additional, Mueller, Th. A., additional, Nagasaka, Y., additional, Nakajima, K., additional, Navas-Nicolás, D., additional, Nikitenko, Y., additional, Novella, P., additional, Oberauer, L., additional, Obolensky, M., additional, Onillon, A., additional, Oralbaev, A., additional, Ostrovskiy, I., additional, Palomares, C., additional, Peeters, S. J. M., additional, Pepe, I. M., additional, Perasso, S., additional, Perrin, P., additional, Pfahler, P., additional, Porta, A., additional, Pronost, G., additional, Puras, J. C., additional, Quéval, R., additional, Ramirez, J. L., additional, Reichenbacher, J., additional, Reinhold, B., additional, Reissfelder, M., additional, Remoto, A., additional, Reyna, D., additional, Rodriguez, I., additional, Röhling, M., additional, Roncin, R., additional, Rudolf, N., additional, Rybolt, B., additional, Sakamoto, Y., additional, Santorelli, R., additional, Sato, F., additional, Schwan, U., additional, Schönert, S., additional, Schoppmann, S., additional, Scola, L., additional, Settimo, M., additional, Shaevitz, M. A., additional, Sharankova, R., additional, Sibille, V., additional, Sida, J.-L., additional, Sinev, V., additional, Shrestha, D., additional, Skorokhvatov, M., additional, Soldin, P., additional, Spitz, J., additional, Stahl, A., additional, Stancu, I., additional, Starzynski, P., additional, Stock, M. R., additional, Stokes, L. F. F., additional, Strait, M., additional, Stüken, A., additional, Suekane, F., additional, Sukhotin, S., additional, Sumiyoshi, T., additional, Sun, Y., additional, Sun, Z., additional, Svoboda, R., additional, Tabata, H., additional, Tamura, N., additional, Terao, K., additional, Tonazzo, A., additional, Toral, F., additional, Toups, M., additional, Thi, H. Trinh, additional, Valdivia, F., additional, Valdiviesso, G., additional, Vassilopoulos, N., additional, Verdugo, A., additional, Veyssiere, C., additional, Viaud, B., additional, Vignaud, D., additional, Vivier, M., additional, Wagner, S., additional, Wiebusch, C., additional, White, B., additional, Winslow, L., additional, Worcester, M., additional, Wurm, M., additional, Wurtz, J., additional, Yang, G., additional, Yáñez, J., additional, Yermia, F., additional, and Zbiri, K., additional

Published
2022
Full Text
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13. The Double Chooz antineutrino detectors

Author

de Kerret, H., Abe, Y., Aberle, C., Abrahão, T., Ahijado, J. M., Akiri, T., Alarcón, J. M., Alba, J., Almazan, H., dos Anjos, J. C., Appel, S., Ardellier, F., Barabanov, I., Barriere, J. C., Baussan, E., Baxter, A., Bekman, I., Bergevin, M., Bernstein, A., Bertoli, W., Bezerra, T. J. C., Bezrukov, L., Blanco, C., Bleurvacq, N., Blucher, E., Bonet, H., Bongrand, M., Bowden, N. S., Brugière, T., Buck, C., Avanzini, M. B., Busenitz, J., Cabrera, A., Caden, E., Calvo, E., Camilleri, L., Carr, R., Cazaux, S., Cela, J. M., Cerrada, M., Chang, P. J., Charon, P., Chauveau, E., Chimenti, P., Classen, T., Collin, A. P., Conover, E., Conrad, J. M., Cormon, S., Corpace, O., Courty, B., Crespo-Anadón, J. I., Cribier, M., Crum, K., Cuadrado, S., Cucoanes, A., D’Agostino, M., Damon, E., Dawson, J. V., Dazeley, S., Dierckxsens, M., Dietrich, D., Djurcic, Z., Dorigo, F., Dracos, M., Durand, V., Efremeko, Y., Elnimr, M., Etenko, A., Falk, E., Fallot, M., Fechner, M., Felde, J., Fernandes, S. M., Fernández-Bedoya, C., Francia, D., Franco, D., Fischer, V., Franke, A. J., Franke, M., Furuta, H., Garcia, F., Garcia, J., Gil-Botella, I., Giot, L., Givaudan, A., Göger-Neff, M., Gomez, H., Gonzalez, L. F. G., Goodenough, L., Goodman, M. C., Goon, J., Gramlich, B., Greiner, D., Guertin, A., Guillon, B., Habib, S. M., Haddad, Y., Hara, T., Hartmann, F. X., Hartnell, J., Haser, J., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hellwig, D., Hervé, S., Hofacker, R., Horton-Smith, G., Hourlier, A., Ishitsuka, M., Jänner, K., Jiménez, S., Jochum, J., Jollet, C., Kaether, F., Kale, K., Kalousis, L., Kamyshkov, Y., Kaneda, M., Kaplan, D. M., Karakac, M., Kawasaki, T., Kemp, E., Kibe, Y., Kirchner, T., Konno, T., Kryn, D., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Lachenmaier, T., Lane, C. E., Langbrandtner, C., Lasserre, T., Lastoria, C., Latron, L., Leonardo, C., Letourneau, A., Lhuillier, D., Lima, H. P., Lindner, M., López-Castaño, J. M., LoSecco, J. M., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lucht, S., Maeda, J., Maesano, C. N., Mariani, Camillo, Maricic, J., Marie, F., Martinez, J. J., Martino, J., Matsubara, T., McKee, D., Meigner, F., Mention, G., Meregaglia, A., Meyer, J. P., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Millot, J. F., Minotti, A., Mirones, V., Miyata, H., Mueller, Th. A., Nagasaka, Y., Nakajima, K., Navas-Nicolás, D., Nikitenko, Y., Novella, P., Oberauer, L., Obolensky, M., Onillon, A., Oralbaev, A., Ostrovskiy, I., Palomares, C., Peeters, S. J. M., Pepe, I. M., Perasso, S., Perrin, P., Pfahler, P., Porta, A., Pronost, G., Puras, J. C., Quéval, R., Ramirez, J. L., Reichenbacher, J., Reinhold, B., Reissfelder, M., Remoto, A., Reyna, D., Rodriguez, I., Röhling, M., Roncin, R., Rudolf, N., Rybolt, B., Sakamoto, Y., Santorelli, R., Sato, F., Schwan, U., Schönert, S., Schoppmann, S., Scola, L., Settimo, M., Shaevitz, M. A., Sharankova, R., Sibille, V., Sida, J.-L., Sinev, V., Shrestha, D., Skorokhvatov, M., Soldin, P., Spitz, J., Stahl, A., Stancu, I., Starzynski, P., Stock, M. R., Stokes, L. F. F., Strait, M., Stüken, A., Suekane, F., Sukhotin, S., Sumiyoshi, T., Sun, Y., Sun, Z., Svoboda, R., Tabata, H., Tamura, N., Terao, K., Tonazzo, A., Toral, F., Toups, M., Thi, H. T., Valdivia, F., Valdiviesso, G., Vassilopoulos, N., Verdugo, A., Veyssiere, C., Viaud, B., Vignaud, D., Vivier, M., Wagner, S., Wiebusch, C., White, B., Winslow, L., Worcester, M., Wurm, M., Wurtz, J., Yang, G., Yáñez, J., Yermia, F., Zbiri, K., de Kerret, H., Abe, Y., Aberle, C., Abrahão, T., Ahijado, J. M., Akiri, T., Alarcón, J. M., Alba, J., Almazan, H., dos Anjos, J. C., Appel, S., Ardellier, F., Barabanov, I., Barriere, J. C., Baussan, E., Baxter, A., Bekman, I., Bergevin, M., Bernstein, A., Bertoli, W., Bezerra, T. J. C., Bezrukov, L., Blanco, C., Bleurvacq, N., Blucher, E., Bonet, H., Bongrand, M., Bowden, N. S., Brugière, T., Buck, C., Avanzini, M. B., Busenitz, J., Cabrera, A., Caden, E., Calvo, E., Camilleri, L., Carr, R., Cazaux, S., Cela, J. M., Cerrada, M., Chang, P. J., Charon, P., Chauveau, E., Chimenti, P., Classen, T., Collin, A. P., Conover, E., Conrad, J. M., Cormon, S., Corpace, O., Courty, B., Crespo-Anadón, J. I., Cribier, M., Crum, K., Cuadrado, S., Cucoanes, A., D’Agostino, M., Damon, E., Dawson, J. V., Dazeley, S., Dierckxsens, M., Dietrich, D., Djurcic, Z., Dorigo, F., Dracos, M., Durand, V., Efremeko, Y., Elnimr, M., Etenko, A., Falk, E., Fallot, M., Fechner, M., Felde, J., Fernandes, S. M., Fernández-Bedoya, C., Francia, D., Franco, D., Fischer, V., Franke, A. J., Franke, M., Furuta, H., Garcia, F., Garcia, J., Gil-Botella, I., Giot, L., Givaudan, A., Göger-Neff, M., Gomez, H., Gonzalez, L. F. G., Goodenough, L., Goodman, M. C., Goon, J., Gramlich, B., Greiner, D., Guertin, A., Guillon, B., Habib, S. M., Haddad, Y., Hara, T., Hartmann, F. X., Hartnell, J., Haser, J., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hellwig, D., Hervé, S., Hofacker, R., Horton-Smith, G., Hourlier, A., Ishitsuka, M., Jänner, K., Jiménez, S., Jochum, J., Jollet, C., Kaether, F., Kale, K., Kalousis, L., Kamyshkov, Y., Kaneda, M., Kaplan, D. M., Karakac, M., Kawasaki, T., Kemp, E., Kibe, Y., Kirchner, T., Konno, T., Kryn, D., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Lachenmaier, T., Lane, C. E., Langbrandtner, C., Lasserre, T., Lastoria, C., Latron, L., Leonardo, C., Letourneau, A., Lhuillier, D., Lima, H. P., Lindner, M., López-Castaño, J. M., LoSecco, J. M., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lucht, S., Maeda, J., Maesano, C. N., Mariani, Camillo, Maricic, J., Marie, F., Martinez, J. J., Martino, J., Matsubara, T., McKee, D., Meigner, F., Mention, G., Meregaglia, A., Meyer, J. P., Miletic, T., Milincic, R., Millot, J. F., Minotti, A., Mirones, V., Miyata, H., Mueller, Th. A., Nagasaka, Y., Nakajima, K., Navas-Nicolás, D., Nikitenko, Y., Novella, P., Oberauer, L., Obolensky, M., Onillon, A., Oralbaev, A., Ostrovskiy, I., Palomares, C., Peeters, S. J. M., Pepe, I. M., Perasso, S., Perrin, P., Pfahler, P., Porta, A., Pronost, G., Puras, J. C., Quéval, R., Ramirez, J. L., Reichenbacher, J., Reinhold, B., Reissfelder, M., Remoto, A., Reyna, D., Rodriguez, I., Röhling, M., Roncin, R., Rudolf, N., Rybolt, B., Sakamoto, Y., Santorelli, R., Sato, F., Schwan, U., Schönert, S., Schoppmann, S., Scola, L., Settimo, M., Shaevitz, M. A., Sharankova, R., Sibille, V., Sida, J.-L., Sinev, V., Shrestha, D., Skorokhvatov, M., Soldin, P., Spitz, J., Stahl, A., Stancu, I., Starzynski, P., Stock, M. R., Stokes, L. F. F., Strait, M., Stüken, A., Suekane, F., Sukhotin, S., Sumiyoshi, T., Sun, Y., Sun, Z., Svoboda, R., Tabata, H., Tamura, N., Terao, K., Tonazzo, A., Toral, F., Toups, M., Thi, H. T., Valdivia, F., Valdiviesso, G., Vassilopoulos, N., Verdugo, A., Veyssiere, C., Viaud, B., Vignaud, D., Vivier, M., Wagner, S., Wiebusch, C., White, B., Winslow, L., Worcester, M., Wurm, M., Wurtz, J., Yang, G., Yáñez, J., Yermia, F., and Zbiri, K.

Published
2022

16. The STEREO experiment

Author

Allemandou, N, Almazan, H, Sanchez, P, Bernard, L, Bernard, C, Blanchet, A, Bonhomme, A, Bosson, G, Bourrion, O, Bouvier, J, Buck, C, Caillot, V, Chala, M, Champion, P, Charon, P, Collin, A, Contrepois, P, Coulloux, G, Desbrieres, B, Deleglise, G, Kanawati, W, Favier, J, Fuard, S, Monteiro, I, Gramlich, B, Haser, J, Helaine, V, Heusch, M, Jentschel, M, Kandzia, F, Konrad, G, Koster, U, Kox, S, Lahonde-Hamdoun, C, Lamblin, J, Letourneau, A, Lhuillier, D, Li, C, Lindner, M, Manzanillas, L, Materna, T, Meplan, O, Minotti, A, Monon, C, Montanet, F, Nunio, F, Peltier, F, Penichot, Y, Pequignot, M, Pessard, H, Piret, Y, Prono, G, Quemener, G, Real, J, Roca, C, Salagnac, T, Sergeyeva, V, Schoppmann, S, Scola, L, Scordilis, J, Soldner, T, Stutz, A, Tourres, D, Vescovi, C, Zsoldos, S, Allemandou N., Almazan H., Sanchez P. D. A., Bernard L., Bernard C., Blanchet A., Bonhomme A., Bosson G., Bourrion O., Bouvier J., Buck C., Caillot V., Chala M., Champion P., Charon P., Collin A., Contrepois P., Coulloux G., Desbrieres B., Deleglise G., Kanawati W. El., Favier J., Fuard S., Monteiro I. G., Gramlich B., Haser J., Helaine V., Heusch M., Jentschel M., Kandzia F., Konrad G., Koster U., Kox S., Lahonde-Hamdoun C., Lamblin J., Letourneau A., Lhuillier D., Li C., Lindner M., Manzanillas L., Materna T., Meplan O., Minotti A., Monon C., Montanet F., Nunio F., Peltier F., Penichot Y., Pequignot M., Pessard H., Piret Y., Prono G., Quemener G., Real J. -S., Roca C., Salagnac T., Sergeyeva V., Schoppmann S., Scola L., Scordilis J. -P., Soldner T., Stutz A., Tourres D., Vescovi C., Zsoldos S., Allemandou, N, Almazan, H, Sanchez, P, Bernard, L, Bernard, C, Blanchet, A, Bonhomme, A, Bosson, G, Bourrion, O, Bouvier, J, Buck, C, Caillot, V, Chala, M, Champion, P, Charon, P, Collin, A, Contrepois, P, Coulloux, G, Desbrieres, B, Deleglise, G, Kanawati, W, Favier, J, Fuard, S, Monteiro, I, Gramlich, B, Haser, J, Helaine, V, Heusch, M, Jentschel, M, Kandzia, F, Konrad, G, Koster, U, Kox, S, Lahonde-Hamdoun, C, Lamblin, J, Letourneau, A, Lhuillier, D, Li, C, Lindner, M, Manzanillas, L, Materna, T, Meplan, O, Minotti, A, Monon, C, Montanet, F, Nunio, F, Peltier, F, Penichot, Y, Pequignot, M, Pessard, H, Piret, Y, Prono, G, Quemener, G, Real, J, Roca, C, Salagnac, T, Sergeyeva, V, Schoppmann, S, Scola, L, Scordilis, J, Soldner, T, Stutz, A, Tourres, D, Vescovi, C, Zsoldos, S, Allemandou N., Almazan H., Sanchez P. D. A., Bernard L., Bernard C., Blanchet A., Bonhomme A., Bosson G., Bourrion O., Bouvier J., Buck C., Caillot V., Chala M., Champion P., Charon P., Collin A., Contrepois P., Coulloux G., Desbrieres B., Deleglise G., Kanawati W. El., Favier J., Fuard S., Monteiro I. G., Gramlich B., Haser J., Helaine V., Heusch M., Jentschel M., Kandzia F., Konrad G., Koster U., Kox S., Lahonde-Hamdoun C., Lamblin J., Letourneau A., Lhuillier D., Li C., Lindner M., Manzanillas L., Materna T., Meplan O., Minotti A., Monon C., Montanet F., Nunio F., Peltier F., Penichot Y., Pequignot M., Pessard H., Piret Y., Prono G., Quemener G., Real J. -S., Roca C., Salagnac T., Sergeyeva V., Schoppmann S., Scola L., Scordilis J. -P., Soldner T., Stutz A., Tourres D., Vescovi C., and Zsoldos S.

Abstract

The STEREO experiment is a very short baseline reactor antineutrino experiment aiming at testing the hypothesis of light sterile neutrinos as an explanation of the deficit of the observed neutrino interaction rate with respect to the predicted rate, known as the Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly. The detector center is located 10 m away from the compact, highly 235U enriched core of the research nuclear reactor of the Institut Laue Langevin in Grenoble, France. This paper describes the STEREO site, the detector components and associated shielding designed to suppress the external sources of background which were characterized on site. It reports the performances in terms of detector response and energy reconstruction.

Published
2018

18. The STEREO Experiment

Author

Allemandou , N., Almazán , H., Del Amo Sanchez , P., Bernard , L., Bernard , C., Blanchet , A., Bonhomme , A., Bosson , G., Bourrion , O., Bouvier , J., Buck , C., Caillot , V., Chala , M., Champion , P., Charon , P., Collin , A., Contrepois , P., Coulloux , G., Deleglise , G., El Kanawati , W., Favier , J., Fuard , S., Gomes Monteiro , I., Gramlich , B., Haser , J., Helaine , V., Heusch , M., Jentschel , M., Kandzia , F., Konrad , G., Köster , U., Kox , S., Lahonde-Hamdoun , C., Lamblin , J., Letourneau , A., Lhuillier , D., Li , C., Lindner , M., Manzanillas , L., Materna , T., Méplan , O., Minotti , A., Monon , C., Montanet , F., Nunio , F., Peltier , F., Penichot , Y., Pequignot , M., Pessard , H., Piret , Y., Prono , G., Quéméner , G., Real , J.-S., Roca , C., Salagnac , T., Sergeyeva , V., Schoppmann , S., Scola , L., Scordilis , J.-P., Soldner , T., Stutz , A., Tourres , D., Vescovi , C., Zsoldos , S., Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules ( LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie ( LPSC ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Service des Réacteurs et de Mathématiques Appliquées ( SERMA ), Département de Modélisation des Systèmes et Structures ( DM2S ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Laue-Langevin ( ILL ), ILL, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen ( ENSICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ), and STEREO

Subjects
neutrino: detector, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, shielding, [ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], antineutrino: nuclear reactor, High Energy Physics::Experiment, neutrino: sterile, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], detector: design, background: suppression, performance, activity report, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract

The STEREO experiment is a very short baseline reactor antineutrino experiment aiming at testing the hypothesis of light sterile neutrinos as an explanation of the deficit of the observed neutrino interaction rate with respect to the predicted rate, known as the Reactor Antineutrino Anomaly. The detector center is located 10 m away from the compact, highly $^{235}$U enriched core of the research nuclear reactor of the Institut Laue Langevin in Grenoble, France. This paper describes the STEREO site, the detector components and associated shielding designed to suppress the external sources of background which were characterized on site. It reports the performances in terms of detector response and energy reconstruction.

Published
2018

21. The STEREO experiment

Author

Allemandou, N., primary, Almazán, H., additional, Sanchez, P. del Amo, additional, Bernard, L., additional, Bernard, C., additional, Blanchet, A., additional, Bonhomme, A., additional, Bosson, G., additional, Bourrion, O., additional, Bouvier, J., additional, Buck, C., additional, Caillot, V., additional, Chala, M., additional, Champion, P., additional, Charon, P., additional, Collin, A., additional, Contrepois, P., additional, Coulloux, G., additional, Desbrières, B., additional, Deleglise, G., additional, Kanawati, W. El, additional, Favier, J., additional, Fuard, S., additional, Monteiro, I. Gomes, additional, Gramlich, B., additional, Haser, J., additional, Helaine, V., additional, Heusch, M., additional, Jentschel, M., additional, Kandzia, F., additional, Konrad, G., additional, Köster, U., additional, Kox, S., additional, Lahonde-Hamdoun, C., additional, Lamblin, J., additional, Letourneau, A., additional, Lhuillier, D., additional, Li, C., additional, Lindner, M., additional, Manzanillas, L., additional, Materna, T., additional, Méplan, O., additional, Minotti, A., additional, Monon, C., additional, Montanet, F., additional, Nunio, F., additional, Peltier, F., additional, Penichot, Y., additional, Pequignot, M., additional, Pessard, H., additional, Piret, Y., additional, Prono, G., additional, Quéméner, G., additional, Real, J.-S., additional, Roca, C., additional, Salagnac, T., additional, Sergeyeva, V., additional, Schoppmann, S., additional, Scola, L., additional, Scordilis, J.-P., additional, Soldner, T., additional, Stutz, A., additional, Tourres, D., additional, Vescovi, C., additional, and Zsoldos, S., additional

Published
2018
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22. TRSPEC: A term rewriting based system for algebraic specifications

Author

Avenhaus, J., Göbel, R., Gramlich, B., Madlener, K., Steinbach, J., Goos, G., editor, Hartmanis, J., editor, Barstow, D., editor, Brauer, W., editor, Brinch Hansen, P., editor, Gries, D., editor, Luckham, D., editor, Moler, C., editor, Pnueli, A., editor, Seegmüller, G., editor, Stoer, J., editor, Wirth, N., editor, Kaplan, S., editor, and Jouannaud, J. -P., editor

Published
1988
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23. Proving liveness with fairness using rewriting

Author

Koprowski, A., Zantema, H., Gramlich, B., and Formal System Analysis

Subjects
Transformation (function), Theoretical computer science, Computer science, Programming language, Computation, Liveness, Rewriting, Term (logic), computer.software_genre, computer, Synchronization
Abstract

In this paper we combine rewriting techniques with verification issues. More precisely, we show how techniques for proving relative termination of term rewrite systems (TRSs) can be applied to prove liveness properties in fair computations. We do this using a new transformation which is stronger than the sound transformation from [5] but still is suitable for automation. On the one hand we show completeness of this approach under some mild conditions. On the other hand we show how this approach applies to some examples completely automatically, using the TPA tool designed for proving relative termination of TRSs. In particular we succeed in proving liveness in the classical readers-writers synchronization problem.

Published
2005
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24. Overview and Evaluation of Premise Selection Techniques for Large Theory Mathematics

Author

Kühlwein, D., Laarhoven, T.M. van, Tsivtsivadze, E., Urban, J., Heskes, T., Gramlich, B., Miller, D., Sattler, U., Gramlich, B., Miller, D., and Sattler, U.

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, Data Science, Context (language use), Mizar system, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Premise, Benchmark (computing), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Automated reasoning, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, Selection (genetic algorithm)
Abstract

In this paper, an overview of state-of-the-art techniques for premise selection in large theory mathematics is provided, and new premise selection techniques are introduced. Several evaluation metrics are introduced, compared and their appropriateness is discussed in the context of automated reasoning in large theory mathematics. The methods are evaluated on the MPTP2078 benchmark, a subset of the Mizar library, and a 10% improvement is obtained over the best method so far.

Published
2012

25. Simulating Liveness by Reduction Strategies

Author

Giesl, J., Zantema, H., Gramlich, B., Lucas, S., and Formal System Analysis

Subjects
Reduction (complexity), General Computer Science, Process (engineering), Programming language, Computer science, Liveness, Rewriting, computer.software_genre, computer, Term (time), Theoretical Computer Science, Computer Science(all)
Abstract

We define a general framework to handle liveness and related properties by reduction strategies in abstract reduction and term rewriting. Classically, reduction strategies in rewriting are used to simulate the evaluation process in programming languages. The aim of our work is to use reduction strategies to also study liveness questions which are of high importance in practice (e.g., in protocol verification for distributed processes). In particular, we show how the problem of verifying liveness is related to termination of term rewrite systems (TRSs). Using our results, techniques for proving termination of TRSs can be used to verify liveness properties.

Published
2003
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29. How Fuzzy is my Fuzzy Description Logic?

Author

Gramlich, B, Miller, D, Sattler, U, Borgwardt, S, Distel, F, Penaloza, R, Borgwardt S, Distel F, Penaloza R, Gramlich, B, Miller, D, Sattler, U, Borgwardt, S, Distel, F, Penaloza, R, Borgwardt S, Distel F, and Penaloza R

Abstract

Fuzzy Description Logics (DLs) with t-norm semantics have been studied as a means for representing and reasoning with vague knowledge. Recent work has shown that even fairly inexpressive fuzzy DLs become undecidable for a wide variety of t-norms. We complement those results by providing a class of t-norms and an expressive fuzzy DL for which ontology consistency is linearly reducible to crisp reasoning, and thus has its same complexity. Surprisingly, in these same logics crisp models are insufficient for deciding fuzzy subsumption.

Published
2012

35. How Fuzzy Is My Fuzzy Description Logic?

Author

Felix Distel, Rafael Peñaloza, Stefan Borgwardt, Gramlich, B, Miller, D, Sattler, U, Borgwardt, S, Distel, F, and Penaloza, R

Subjects
Fuzzy classification, Theoretical computer science, Type-2 fuzzy sets and systems, Defuzzification, Fuzzy logic, ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES, fuzzy logic, description logics, reasoning, Fuzzy number, Fuzzy set operations, Fuzzy associative matrix, T-norm fuzzy logics, Algorithm, Mathematics
Abstract

Fuzzy Description Logics (DLs) with t-norm semantics have been studied as a means for representing and reasoning with vague knowledge. Recent work has shown that even fairly inexpressive fuzzy DLs become undecidable for a wide variety of t-norms. We complement those results by providing a class of t-norms and an expressive fuzzy DL for which ontology consistency is linearly reducible to crisp reasoning, and thus has its same complexity. Surprisingly, in these same logics crisp models are insufficient for deciding fuzzy subsumption.

Published
2012
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36. Transcriptome Analysis of Environmental Pseudomonas Isolates Reveals Mechanisms of Biodegradation of Naphthenic Acid Fraction Compounds (NAFCs) in Oil Sands Tailings.

Author

Chegounian P, Flibotte S, Peru K, Headley J, McMartin D, Gramlich B, and Yadav VG

Abstract

Naphthenic acid fraction compounds (NAFCs) are highly recalcitrant constituents of oil sands tailings. Although some microorganisms in the tailings can individually and synergistically metabolize NAFCs, the biochemical mechanisms that underpin these processes are hitherto unknown. To this end, we isolated two microorganisms, Pseudomonas protegens and Pseudomonas putida , from oils sands tailings and analyzed their transcriptomes to shed light on the metabolic processes employed by them to degrade and detoxify NAFCs. We identified 1048, 521 and 1434 genes that are upregulated in P. protegens , P. putida and a 1:1 co-culture of the strains, respectively. We subsequently enumerated the biochemical activities of enriched genes and gene products to reveal the identities of the enzymes that are associated with NAFC degradation. Separately, we analyzed the NAFCs that are degraded by the two pseudomonads and their 1:1 co-culture and determined the composition of the molecules using mass spectrometry. We then compared these molecular formulas to those of the cognate substrates of the enriched enzymes to chart the metabolic network and understand the mechanisms of degradation that are employed by the microbial cultures. Not only does the consortium behave differently than the pure cultures, but our analysis also revealed the mechanisms responsible for accelerated rate of degradation of NAFCs by the co-culture. Our findings provide new directions for engineering or evolving microorganisms and their consortia for degrading NAFCs more stably and aggressively.

Published
2021
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37. Pyrrolidinohydroquinazolines--a novel class of CCR3 modulators.

Author

Anderskewitz R, Bauer R, Bodenbach G, Gester D, Gramlich B, Morschhäuser G, and Birke FW

Subjects
Calcium Signaling drug effects, Chemokine CCL11, Chemokines, CC antagonists & inhibitors, Eosinophils drug effects, Humans, Quinazolines pharmacology, Receptors, CCR3, Receptors, Chemokine agonists, Receptors, Chemokine antagonists & inhibitors, Structure-Activity Relationship, Quinazolines chemical synthesis, Receptors, Chemokine drug effects
Abstract

A novel class of CCR3 modulators is described. Starting with lead compound 4a (K(i): 110 nM), which turned out to be an antagonist of eotaxin at the CCR3 receptor, further optimization led to compound 8b (K(i): 28 nM), which surprisingly proved to be an agonist.

Published
2005
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39. [1st experiences with the ultrasonic-Doppler-method in the diagnosis of testicular torsion].

Author

Heynemann H and Gramlich B

Subjects
Humans, Male, Physical Phenomena, Spermatic Cord blood supply, Doppler Effect, Physics, Spermatic Cord Torsion diagnosis, Ultrasonography
Abstract

In some cases the differential diagnosis of the torsion of the testicles may be difficult also for the experienced clinician. It is reported on a new method of the delimitation of the torsion of the testicles compared with inflammatory changes of the testicles and the epididymis. By means of the ultrasound-Doppler-method the blood supply of the vasa spermatica is registered. Missing Doppler-signals in the direct measurement above the spermatic cord in comparison to the collateral side are typical for a complete torsion of the testicles.

Published
1977

40. [Evaluation of skeletal properties with ultrasonics. I. Clinical and experimental design].

Author

Gramlich B, Richter J, Fröhlich P, and Peter KH

Subjects
Bone Diseases diagnosis, Bone and Bones anatomy & histology, Bone and Bones pathology, Humans, Ultrasonics instrumentation, Bone and Bones physiology, Ultrasonography
Abstract

Early detection of a pathological skeletal process and control of fracture healing are sometimes difficult when conventional x-ray methods are employed, since stability of bones depends not only on calcigerous tissue but also on the organic matrix. Therefore the ultrasonic procedure shall be tested as to its usefulness. The authors present a test device for clinical trial.

Published
1978

41. [Ultrasonic evaluation of the bone condition. III. Differentiation of the leg echograph].

Author

Gramlich B, Fröhlich P, and Richter J

Subjects
Connective Tissue pathology, Humans, Muscles pathology, Tibial Fractures diagnosis, Ultrasonics standards, Bone and Bones pathology, Ultrasonics methods
Abstract

The echogram from bones in vivo or in model trials consists of the echoes of bones and soft tissues. Under certain conditions, the fore part of this echogram (total echogram) consists of bone echoes only, the intermediate part of echoes from bone and soft tissue with perhaps different amplitudes, whereas the hind part contains only soft tissue echoes. When frequency and distance of the sound head are too high the fore part might be absent, that is when the distance of the sound head becomes larger than 60 mm at a frequency of 1 MHz and a sound head diameter of 30 mm. The amplitude of soft tissue echoes in the intermediate part of the total echogram at greater distances can be higher than the amplitudes of the bone echoes. A definite valuation of these bone echoes by electronic suppression of the total echogram is impossible in that case. For these reasons, controlling the course of fracture healing by help of conventional ultrasonic devices with a frequency of 1 MHz is more difficult than supposed hitherto.

Published
1979

42. [Measurements of bone conditions with ultrasound. IV. Changes in 2 indices of bone echograms in models of untreated and of fixed fractures].

Author

Fröhlich P and Gramlich B

Subjects
Bone Nails, Fracture Fixation, Internal standards, Humans, Ultrasonography, Fracture Fixation standards, Tibial Fractures therapy, Wound Healing
Abstract

Measurements on the lower leg of a corpse and on fresh human tibiae were carried out in the diaphysis with the ultrasonoscope GA 20 by using a frequency of 1 MHz. The maximum possible transsound distance of the tibia was much smaller hitherto supposed. No alteration of the ultrasound debilitation could be observed in the model test even if a complete severance of the tibia was in hand in case the fracture crack was filled up with fluid. Changes of the transfer speed proved to be extremely small. The measuring methods with 1 MHz in order to check the process of the fracture healing are very problematic.

Published
1979

45. [Evaluation of skeletal properties with ultrasonics. II. Parameters in bone echography].

Author

Gramlich B, Richter J, Fröhlich P, and Peter KH

Subjects
Bone Diseases diagnosis, Bone and Bones anatomy & histology, Humans, Ultrasonics methods, Bone and Bones physiology, Ultrasonography
Abstract

Broad clinical use of ultrasonics for diagnosis is possible by means of the efficient gear developed during the last ten years. Physical reasons suggest that a frequency around 1 MHz should be used for diagnosis on bones. Typical index values are registered from the echogram, which are still to be checked as to their reliability.

Published
1978

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