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3. Balanced crystalloid solution versus saline in deceased donor kidney transplantation (BEST-Fluids): a pragmatic, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial

Author

Chadban, Steven J, Ying, Tracey, Gracey, David, Aouad, Leyla, Wyburn, Kate, Habijanec, Beatriz, Yeo, Hee-eun (Ellen), Lin, Lin, Rosales, Brenda, Hudaly, Julia, Rodrigues, Vera, Wong, Germaine, O'Connell, Philip, Murie, Penelope, Endre, Zoltan, Gray, Zuzana, Spicer, Rebecca, Durkan, Anne, Fahim, Magid A, Jegatheesan, Dev, Leary, Diana, Guo, Yujing (Sarah), Coburn, Amanda, Irvine, Rachael, McTaggart, Steven, Crawford, Aimee, Coates, P Toby, Hockley, Bronwyn, Fischer, Karen, Weinberg, Laurence, Mount, Peter, Baulch, Sarah, Claxton, Gayle, Harris, Saskia, Sidiropoulos, Sofia, Veenendal, Marieke, Kanellis, John, Barbis, Rita, Goodman, David, Brahmbhatt, Anjalee, Le Page, Amelia, Jamboti, Jagadish, Chiam, Anna, Warger, Anne, Lim, Wai H, Collins, Michael, Pilmore, Helen, Dittmer, Ian, Manley, Paul, Ahmed, Jafar, McConnochie, Rachael, Newby, Lynette, Chen, Yan, Simmonds, Catherine, Irvine, John, Usher, Jenny, Clark, Carolyn, Beckett, Claire, Prestidge, Chanel, Erickson, Robin, Rea, Miriam, Scherring, Claire, Collins, Michael G, Pascoe, Elaine M, Hawley, Carmel M, Johnson, David W, Varghese, Julie, Hickey, Laura E, Clayton, Philip A, Dansie, Kathryn B, McConnochie, Rachael C, Vergara, Liza A, Kiriwandeniya, Charani, Reidlinger, Donna, Mount, Peter F, McArthur, Colin J, Endre, Zoltan H, Howard, Kirsten, Howell, Martin, Jamboti, Jagadish S, Laurence, Jerome M, McTaggart, Steven J, O'Connell, Philip J, and Pilmore, Helen L

Published
2023
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15. Kidney transplantation in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: An overview of the Australian experience

Author

McMullen, Lucy, primary, Drak, Douglas, additional, Basu, Gopal, additional, Coates, P. Toby, additional, Goodman, David J., additional, Graver, Alison, additional, Isbel, Nicole, additional, Lim, Wai H., additional, Luxton, Grant, additional, Sciberras, Frederika, additional, Toussaint, Nigel D., additional, Wong, Germaine, additional, and Gracey, David M., additional

Published
2023
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21. Brief Report: Validation of the D:A:D Chronic Kidney Disease Risk Score Incorporating Proteinuria in People Living With HIV in Harare, Zimbabwe

Author

Anderson, Matthew A, Chimbetete, Cleophas, Shamu, Tinei, Dahwa, Rumbizai, and Gracey, David M

Subjects
Zimbabwe, HIV Infections, 610 Medicine & health, urologic and male genital diseases, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Proteinuria, Infectious Diseases, Risk Factors, 360 Social problems & social services, Disease Progression, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Glomerular Filtration Rate
Abstract

We sought to validate the D:A:D risk score for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people living with HIV in a cohort from Harare, Zimbabwe. In addition, we aimed to evaluate proteinuria as a predictive variable in the risk score model, being the first study to do so.Data from people living with HIV attending a clinic in Harare were evaluated. Those with a baseline estimated the glomerular filtration rate60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 , and at least 2 subsequent estimated glomerular filtration rate measurements were included. A modified version of the D:A:D risk score model was applied to categorize participants as "low," "medium," and "high-risk" of progression to CKD. Potential predictors of renal impairment were assessed by logistic regression in univariate and multivariate models. Proteinuria was evaluated in a nested model using D:A:D risk categories.Two thousand seven hundred ninety-three participants were included. Forty participants (1.4% of the cohort) progressed to CKD during the median follow-up time of 4.2 years. Progression rates were 1%, 3%, and 12% in the low, medium, and high-risk groups, respectively. Proteinuria data were available for 2251 participants. The presence of proteinuria was strongly associated with progression to CKD [(OR 7.8, 95% CI: 3.9 to 15.7), and its inclusion in the risk score improved the discrimination of the model with the c-statistic increasing from 0.658 to 0.853].A modified version of the D:A:D CKD risk score performed well in predicting CKD events among this sub-Saharan African cohort of people living with HIV. Inclusion of proteinuria into the risk score model significantly improved predictability.

Published
2022
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22. Balanced crystalloid solution versus saline in deceased donor kidney transplantation (BEST-Fluids): a pragmatic, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial

Author

Collins, Michael G, primary, Fahim, Magid A, additional, Pascoe, Elaine M, additional, Hawley, Carmel M, additional, Johnson, David W, additional, Varghese, Julie, additional, Hickey, Laura E, additional, Clayton, Philip A, additional, Dansie, Kathryn B, additional, McConnochie, Rachael C, additional, Vergara, Liza A, additional, Kiriwandeniya, Charani, additional, Reidlinger, Donna, additional, Mount, Peter F, additional, Weinberg, Laurence, additional, McArthur, Colin J, additional, Coates, P Toby, additional, Endre, Zoltan H, additional, Goodman, David, additional, Howard, Kirsten, additional, Howell, Martin, additional, Jamboti, Jagadish S, additional, Kanellis, John, additional, Laurence, Jerome M, additional, Lim, Wai H, additional, McTaggart, Steven J, additional, O'Connell, Philip J, additional, Pilmore, Helen L, additional, Wong, Germaine, additional, Chadban, Steven J, additional, Ying, Tracey, additional, Gracey, David, additional, Aouad, Leyla, additional, Wyburn, Kate, additional, Habijanec, Beatriz, additional, Yeo, Hee-eun (Ellen), additional, Lin, Lin, additional, Rosales, Brenda, additional, Hudaly, Julia, additional, Rodrigues, Vera, additional, O'Connell, Philip, additional, Murie, Penelope, additional, Endre, Zoltan, additional, Gray, Zuzana, additional, Spicer, Rebecca, additional, Durkan, Anne, additional, Jegatheesan, Dev, additional, Leary, Diana, additional, Guo, Yujing (Sarah), additional, Coburn, Amanda, additional, Irvine, Rachael, additional, McTaggart, Steven, additional, Crawford, Aimee, additional, Hockley, Bronwyn, additional, Fischer, Karen, additional, Mount, Peter, additional, Baulch, Sarah, additional, Claxton, Gayle, additional, Harris, Saskia, additional, Sidiropoulos, Sofia, additional, Veenendal, Marieke, additional, Barbis, Rita, additional, Brahmbhatt, Anjalee, additional, Le Page, Amelia, additional, Jamboti, Jagadish, additional, Chiam, Anna, additional, Warger, Anne, additional, Collins, Michael, additional, Pilmore, Helen, additional, Dittmer, Ian, additional, Manley, Paul, additional, Ahmed, Jafar, additional, McConnochie, Rachael, additional, Newby, Lynette, additional, Chen, Yan, additional, Simmonds, Catherine, additional, Irvine, John, additional, Usher, Jenny, additional, Clark, Carolyn, additional, Beckett, Claire, additional, Prestidge, Chanel, additional, Erickson, Robin, additional, Rea, Miriam, additional, and Scherring, Claire, additional

Published
2023
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26. Kidney transplantation in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: An overview of the Australian experience.

Author

McMullen, Lucy, Drak, Douglas, Basu, Gopal, Coates, P. Toby, Goodman, David J., Graver, Alison, Isbel, Nicole, Lim, Wai H., Luxton, Grant, Sciberras, Frederika, Toussaint, Nigel D., Wong, Germaine, and Gracey, David M.

Subjects
HIV, KIDNEY transplantation, POLYCYSTIC kidney disease, FOCAL segmental glomerulosclerosis, HIV-positive persons
Abstract

Kidney transplantation in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) is occurring with increasing frequency. Limited international data suggest comparable patient and graft survival in kidney transplant recipients with and without HIV. All PLWHIV aged ≥18 years who received a kidney transplant between 2000 and 2020 were identified by retrospective data initially extracted from Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA), with additional HIV‐specific clinical data extracted from linked local health‐care records. Twenty‐five PLWHIV and kidney failure received their first kidney transplant in Australia between January 2000 and December 2020. Majority were male (85%), with median age 54 years (interquartile range, IQR 43–57). Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the most common primary kidney disease (20%), followed by polycystic kidney disease (16%). 80% of patients underwent induction with basiliximab and none with anti‐thymocyte globulin (ATG). Participants were followed for median time of 3.5 years (IQR 2.0–6.5). Acute rejection occurred in 24% of patients. Two patients lost their allografts and three died. Virological escape occurred in 28% of patients, with a maximum viral load of 190 copies/mL. In conclusion, kidney transplantation in PLWHIV in Australia is occurring with increasing frequency. Acute rejection is more common than in Australia's general transplant population, but this does not appear to be associated with higher rates of graft failure or mortality out to four years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Renal impairment associated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for antiretroviral therapy and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: An observational cohort study.

Author

Heron, Jack E., McManus, Hamish, Vickers, Tobias, Ryan, Kathleen, Wright, Edwina, Carter, Allison, Stoove, Mark, Asselin, Jason, Grulich, Andrew, Donovan, Basil, Guy, Rebecca, Varma, Rick, Chen, Marcus, Ryder, Nathan, Lewis, David A., Templeton, David J., O'Connor, Catherine C., and Gracey, David M.

Subjects
PRE-exposure prophylaxis, HIV, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, HIV-positive persons, HIV infections, TENOFOVIR
Abstract

Background: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is associated with adverse renal outcomes when prescribed for HIV infection. There are few data concerning real-world renal outcomes amongst patients prescribed TDF for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Methods and findings: Data were extracted from 52 sexual health clinics across Australia from 2009–2019. All patients prescribed TDF-containing antiretroviral therapy and PrEP were included. Rates of renal impairment (a fall in eGFR to <60 ml/min/1·73m2) were calculated for people living with HIV (PLWHIV) prescribed TDF and HIV negative PrEP-users. Risk factors were assessed using Cox-proportional hazards models. Sensitivity analysis of risk using 1:1 propensity-score matching to adjust for potential imbalance in HIV and PrEP cohorts was conducted. 5,973 patients on PrEP and 1,973 PLWHIV were included. There were 39 (0.7%) instances of renal impairment in the PrEP group and 81 (4.1%) in the PLWHIV cohort (hazard ratio [HR]:0.35 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.22–0.56). Rates of renal impairment were 4.01/1000 person-years (95%CI:2.93–5.48) in the PrEP cohort and 16.18/1000 person-years (95%CI:13.01–20.11) in the PLWHIV cohort (p<0.001). Predictors of renal impairment were: older age (40–49 years (HR:5.09 95%CI: 2.12–12.17) and 50–82 years (HR:13.69 95%CI: 5.92–31.67) (compared with 30–39 years) and baseline eGFR<90ml/min (HR:61.19 95%CI: 19.27–194.30). After adjusting for age and baseline eGFR the rate of renal impairment remained lower in the PrEP cohort (aHR:0.62 95%CI: 0.40–0.94, p = 0.023). In propensity-matched analysis using 1,622 patients per cohort the risk of renal impairment remained higher in the PLWHIV cohort (log-rank p = 0.001). Conclusion: Patients prescribed TDF-based PrEP had lower rates of renal impairment than patients prescribed TDF for HIV infection. In propensity analysis, after matching for some risk factors, rates of renal impairment remained higher amongst patients with HIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Renal impairment in a large-scale HIV preexposure prophylaxis implementation cohort

Author

Drak, Douglas, primary, Mcmanus, Hamish, additional, Vickers, Tobias, additional, Heron, Jack E., additional, Vaccher, Stefanie, additional, Zablotska, Iryna, additional, Guy, Rebecca, additional, Bavinton, Benjamin, additional, Jin, Fengyi, additional, Grulich, Andrew E., additional, Bloch, Mark, additional, O’Connor, Catherine C., additional, and Gracey, David M., additional

Published
2021
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47. The addition of organometallic reagents to tetramesityldigermene

Author

Fujdala, Kyle L., Gracey, David W.K., Wong, Erica F., and Baines, Kim M.

Subjects
Ring formation (Chemistry) -- Analysis, Grignard reagents, Germanium, Magnesium, Chemical research -- Analysis
Abstract

The thermolysis and photolysis of hexamesitylcyclotrigermane in the presence of ethylmagnesium bromide has been investigated. Under photochemical conditions, ethyldimesitylgermane, 1,2-diethyl-1,1,2-trimesityldigermane and ethyl-1,1,2,2-tetramesityldigermane were isolated and, under thermal conditions, 1,2,2-triethyl-1,1-dimesityldigermane and 2,2-diethyl-1,1,1-trimesityldigermane were isolated. The photolysis of hexamesitylcyclotrigermane in the presence of methyllithium has also been investigated. In both cases, the organometallic reagent adds to tetramesityldigermene and dimesitylgermylene formed by photochemical or thermal cleavage of the cyclotrigermane. In the case of the addition of the Grignard reagent, the resulting germyl Grignard reagent undergoes a facile ligand exchange reaction. Key words: digermene, germylene, Grignard reagents, alkyllithium reagents, germylmagnesium compounds, germyllithium compounds.

Published
2002

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