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The SH-SY5Y cell line is commonly used for the assessment of neurotoxicity in drug discovery. These neuroblastoma-derived cells can be differentiated into neurons using many methods. The present study has compared 24 of these differentiation methods on SH-SY5Y cells. After morphologic selection of the three most differentiating media (retinoic acid in 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), staurosporine in 1% FBS medium, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in B21-supplemented neurobasal medium), cells were analyzed for pan-neuronal and specific neuronal protein expression by fluorescent automated imaging. The response of SH-SY5Y to a set of compounds of known toxicity was examined in these culture conditions performed in 2D, and also in a 3D hyaluronic acid-based hydroscaffold™ which mimics the extracellular matrix. The extent of neuronal markers expression and the sensitivity to neurotoxic compounds varied according to the differentiation medium. The cAMP B21-supplemented neurobasal medium led to the higher neuronal differentiation, and the higher sensitivity to neurotoxic compounds. The culture in 3D modified the neurotoxic response, through a lower sensitivity of cells compared to the 2D culture. The in vitro differentiation environment influences the neurotoxic response of SH-SY5Y cells and thus should be considered carefully in research as well as in drug discovery.

A quoi peut bien servir un reseau social ? La deuxieme partie de ce dossier est consacree aux usages en presentant de nombreux cas d’utilisation : que ce soit au service de la mobilite professionnelle et de la recherche d'emploi, du travail de terrain de militants politiques, du dynamisme economique d'une region ou encore d'une association de professionnels de l'information, les reseaux sociaux commencent a faire leurs preuves.Sommaire de cette deuxieme partie : Les usages se diversifient dans les organisations, par Emilie Ogez. Le chemin de l’Irma, de l’annuaire au reseau social, par Gilles Castagnac. Coopains et militants du PS dans le meme reseau social, par Valerio Motta. Kinorezo multiplie les connexions dans la filiere culturelle, par Emmanuel Bourcet. Pic@ssos tend sa toile aux associations picardes, par Ludovic Candellier. Ecobiz, le reseau social d’entrepreneurs, par Gregory Maubon et Stephanie Barthelemi. Une communaute au service de la mobilite professionnelle, par Elisabeth Guilbaud. ADBS : un reseau social au service du projet associatif, par Olivier Roumieux.