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3. Over-prescription of short-acting β2-agonists for asthma in South Africa: Results from the SABINA III study

Author

Smith, C, Ambaram, A, Mitha, E, Abdullah, I, Abdullah, I A, Reddy, J, Trokis, J, Ramlachan, P, Govind, U, Lightfoot, K, Moodley, K, Smit, R, and Beekman, M J H I

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Asthma, exacerbations, over-prescription, SABINA, SABA, short-acting β2-agonist, South Africa, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract

Background. Asthma medication prescription trends, including those of short-acting β2-agonists (SABAs), are not well documented for South Africa (SA).Objectives. To describe demographics, disease characteristics and asthma prescription patterns in the SA cohort of the SABA use IN Asthma (SABINA) III study. Methods. An observational, cross-sectional study conducted at 12 sites across SA. Patients with asthma (aged ≥12 years) were classified by investigator-defined asthma severity, guided by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2017 recommendations, and practice type (primary/ specialist care). Data were collected using electronic case report forms.Results. Overall, 501 patients were analysed − mean (standard deviation) age, 48.4 (16.6) years; 68.3% female − of whom 70.6% and 29.4% were enrolled by primary care physicians and specialists, respectively. Most patients were classified with moderate-to-severe asthma (55.7%; GINA treatment steps 3 - 5), were overweight or obese (70.7%) and reported full healthcare reimbursement (55.5%). Asthma was partly controlled/uncontrolled in 60.3% of patients, with 46.1% experiencing ≥1 severe exacerbations in the 12 months before the study visit. Overall, 74.9% of patients were prescribed ≥3 SABA canisters in the previous 12 months (over-prescription); 56.5% were prescribed ≥10 SABA canisters. Additionally, 27.1% of patients reported purchasing SABA over-the-counter (OTC); among patients with both SABA purchase and prescriptions, 75.4% and 51.5% already received prescriptions for ≥3 and ≥10 SABA canisters, respectively, in the preceding 12 months. Conclusion. SABA over-prescription and OTC purchase were common in SA, demonstrating an urgent need to align clinical practices with the latest evidence-based recommendations and regulate SABA OTC purchase to improve asthma outcomes.

Published
2022
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4. Real-time visualisation of fast nanoscale processes during liquid reagent mixing by liquid cell transmission electron microscopy

Author

Govind Ummethala, Ravi Jada, Shourya Dutta-Gupta, Junbeom Park, Amir H. Tavabi, Shibabrata Basak, Robert Hooley, Hongyu Sun, H. Hugo Pérez Garza, Rüdiger-A Eichel, Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski, and Sai Rama Krishna Malladi

Subjects
Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Abstract Liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (LCTEM) is a powerful technique for investigating crystallisation dynamics with nanometre spatial resolution. However, probing phenomena occurring in liquids while mixing two precursor solutions has proven extremely challenging, requiring sophisticated liquid cell designs. Here, we demonstrate that introducing and withdrawing solvents in sequence makes it possible to maintain optimal imaging conditions while mixing liquids in a commercial liquid cell. We succeeded in visualising a fast nanoscale crystallisation mechanism when an organic molecule of R-BINOL-CN dissolved in chloroform interacts with methanol. The scanning transmission electron microscopy images recorded in real-time during the interaction of the two volatile solvents reveal the formation of chain-like structures of R-BINOL-CN particles, whereas they coalesce to form single large particles when methanol is absent. Our approach of mixing liquids establishes a platform for novel LCTEM studies of a wide range of electron-beam-sensitive materials, including drug molecules, polymers and molecular amphiphiles.

Published
2025
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5. Application of Artificial Intelligence in Fruit Production: A Review.

Author

Manonmani, S., Senthilkumar, S., Govind, U. S. Akshara, and Manivannan, S.

Subjects
ARTIFICIAL intelligence, AGRICULTURE, IRRIGATION scheduling, AGRICULTURAL productivity, FRUIT
Abstract

A data by UN FAO proclaims that the availability of land area for the crop cultivation will be 4% in 2050 with additional population of 2 billion to the existing global population. This context creates a strong pressure over agricultural production, where there will be more demand for food. The food production obtained from these traditional methods of cultivation which have been followed by farmers right now were not sufficient or may fail to feed this growing global population. Adaptation of new and latest technological solutions for the improvement of farming might be the only possible way to meet out the food requirement in future. While artificial intelligence (AI) proved to support all sectors of agriculture to boost the productivity and also helps to control uninvited natural condition. AI-supported solution makes the farmers to produce more with less in addition quality improvement in products. AI technology helps to achieve competitive advantage in market. In recent years AI powered systems aids the farmers in all process of fruit production such as in irrigation scheduling through smart irrigation systems, detection and diagnosis of pest and diseases, weed management, precise predictions, etc. Current review discussed the insights in artificial intelligence and its various applications in fruit production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Enhanced photocatalytic performance of hydrothermally synthesized TiO2 nanowires for H2 production via water splitting

Author

Niteen Jawale, Govind Umarji, Shubhangi Damkale, and Sudhir Arbuj

Subjects
Photocatalysis, H2-generation, Dye degradation, Nanowires, TiO2, Hydrothermal, Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade, HD9502-9502.5, Renewable energy sources, TJ807-830
Abstract

The effective separation and high mobility of photogenerated charge carriers are important in order to enhance the photocatalytic activity of material. The one-dimensional nanostructures are providing the path for the photogenerated charge carriers resulting higher photocatalytic activity. Herein, highly crystalline Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanowires (TNWs) having anatase phase were synthesized using hydrothermal method by varying the reaction time and temperatures. The synthesized TNWs were characterized using various techniques. Structural study revealed the formation of anatase TiO2 along with a minor percentage of the rutile phase. Morphological study indicates the growth of TiO2 nanowires originated from spheres-wires-flakes as a function of reaction time and temperature. FE-TEM image of TiO2 nanowires prepared at 150℃ for 72 h shows complete formation of nano-wires with 7–10 nm diameter. Photocatalytic performance of the synthesized TiO2 nanowires was investigated by observing the hydrogen (H2) generation via water splitting and degradation of aqueous methylene blue (MB) dye under a 400 W mercury vapor lamp respectively. Among the prepared samples, the TiO2 nanowires prepared at 150℃ for 48 h showed the highest H2 generation of 7464.28μmol/0.1 gm higher than the Degussa TiO2. Further, the same nanostructured TiO2 shows the 100% MB degradation within 30 min (Kapp=13.54×10−2 min−1).

Published
2025
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8. The Unsoundness Of Feminism In India With Reference To Deepa Narayanan's "Chup Breaking The Silence About India's Women".

Author

Srivaishnavi T. and Govind, U. S. Akshara

Subjects
INDIAN women (Asians), FEMINISM, YOUNG women, SELF-presentation, ANCIENT history
Abstract

From Ancient History till the 21st Century, we see the transformation of women. Though women faced so many huddles we still have a quest that women are independent. Are they allowed to make choices of their own? From my point of view, the problems of women have been transformed into another form but it is not fully demolished. Even now women are Alienated or self-isolated because of misogi society. Always women are objectified and they also keep protocols for women. These protocols may define their outer self but their inner self will always be ignored. On the whole, Respect for the Family was kept in Women But not in men. Always women were the reflection of their family members but not themselves. This Research proposes the Unsoundness of women and how they were abandoned to make their own choices for their own careers through the experience of Meera 25-year-old young women from the work chup: Breaking the silence about India's Women. when we clearly observe the word silence itself meant for women because they were not allowed to speak loudly are raise their voices. We may find that The story of Meera may be the mirror of yourself or myself and many Readers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024

10. Effect of Sitagliptin on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes

Author

Green JB, Bethel MA, Armstrong PW, Buse JB, Engel SS, Garg J, Josse R, Kaufman KD, Koglin J, Korn S, Lachin JM, McGuire DK, Pencina MJ, Standl E, Stein PP, Suryawanshi S, Van de Werf F, Peterson ED, Holman RR, Josse RG, Califf RM, Goldstein BJ, Shapiro DR, Silverman R, Bethel A, Green J, Hayden S, Hannan K, Quintero K, Rorick T, Berdan L, Leloudis D, Califf S, Wilson M, McFarron D, Trollinger K, Pesarchick J, Eskenazi L, Campbell C, Townes O, Tolsma D, Keenan J, Milton J, Athwal R, Darbyshire J, Doran Z, Kennedy I, Gregory V, Lokhnygina Y, Prather K, Wolfley A, Usman M, Tajjar A, Gray R, Pfeffer MA, Gerstein HC, Groop L, McMurray JJ, Pocock SJ, Clayton T, Sinay I, Brieger D, Stranks S, Scheen A, Lopes R, Tankova T, Hramiak I, Grado CR, Wenying Y, Ge J, Aschner P, Skrha J, Ambos A, Strandberg T, Travert F, Hanefeld M, Riefflin A, Chan JC, Ofner P, Reddy NK, Christopher J, Mathur A, Arambam P, Mittal S, Manchanda M, Wainstein J, Ambrosio G, Pirags V, Jakuboniene N, Mohamed M, Scott R, White H, Cornel J, Halvorsen S, Tykarski A, Veresiu IA, Dreval AV, Misinkova I, Tai E, Krahulec B, Distiller L, Park Y, Rovira A, Alversson M, Chuang LM, Delibasi T, Adler A, Rodbard HW, Marre M, Goff D, Chacra A, DeVore A, Beaven A, Shah B, Hirsch B, Batch B, Bushnell C, Patel C, Melloni C, Henshaw C, Kong D, Bernecki G, Tillman H, Kang HJ, Hawes J, Strickler J, Piccini J, Wilder J, Alexander K, Mahaffey K, Patel K, Hyland K, Newby K, Jackson L, Cooper L, Armaganijan L, Szczeh L, Koshizaka M, Roe M, Morse M, Guimaraes P, Hess P, Tricoci P, Mehta R, Mathews R, Kociol R, Harrison R, Mentz R, Pokorney S, Leblanc T, Lazzarini V, Eapen Z, Truffa A, Fosbol E, Brito F, Katz M, Bahit M, Santos M, Barros P, Bernardez S, Alvarisqueta AF, Arias P, Cagide AL, Calella PR, Cantero MC, Canella JP, Cipullo MA, de Loredo L, Gelersztein ES, Gorban de Lapertosa SB, Klyver MI, Maffei LE, Maldonado N, Oviedo AI, Piskorz DL, Ridruejo MC, Saavedra SS, Sessa HA, Sinay IR, Sposetti GD, Ulla MR, Vico ML, Waitman JN, Binnekamp M, Carroll P, Cheung W, Colman P, Davis T, De Looze F, dEmden M, Fulcher G, Gerstman M, Hamilton A, Lehman S, Moses R, Proietto J, Roberts A, Shaw J, Simpson R, Sinha A, Tan Y, Topliss D, Vora P, Waites J, Crenier L, Descamps O, Keymeulen B, Mathieu C, Nobels F, Van den Bruel A, Van Gaal L, Borges JL, Costa e Forti A, Eliaschewitz FG, Felício JS, Griz LH, Hissa MN, Leite S, Panarotto D, Pimentel Filho P, Rassi N, Saraiva JK, Sgarbi JA, Silva RP, Tambascia M, Weber Silva DM, Bobeva R, Bostandzhieva R, Cinlikov I, Georgieva M, Iliev D, Ilieva E, Kovacheva S, Liubenova L, Nikitov Z, SHeinikova G, Slavcheva A, Spasova V, Temelkova-Kurktschiev T, Velichka D, Yakov A, Carpentier A, Chiasson JL, Constance C, Dumas R, Filteau P, Garceau C, Huynh T, Kaiser S, Kornder J, Leiter L, Mereu L, Miller D, Pandey S, Punthakee Z, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Robitaille Y, Saunders K, Sigal R, Sigalas J, Vizel S, Weisnagel S, Woo V, Yale JF, Yared K, Zinman B, Bunster Balocchi LB, Escobar Cerda EE, Garces Flores EE, Lanas Zanetti FT, Larrazabal Miranda Adel P, Morales Alvarado JM, Olivares Cañon CM, Potthoff Cárdenas SH, Raffo Grado CA, Rodriguez Venegas ME, Saavedra Gajardo VA, Westerberg Maldonado BH, Chen LL, Dong J, Guo X, Li QM, Shi B, Tang XL, Yang T, Yang WY, Zheng SX, Aschner Montoya P, Botero Lopez R, Coronel Arroyo JA, Cure CA, Gómez Medina AM, Molina DI, Perez Amador GA, Reyes Rincon A, Urina Triana MA, Valenzuela Rincon A, Vélez Pelaez S, Yupanqui Lozno H, Brabec T, Brychta T, Hasalova Zapletalova J, Havelkova J, Hejnicova K, Hola O, Hornackova M, Hrdina T, Kafkova D, Kellnerova I, Krystl T, Kutejova V, Mikulkova I, Nevrla J, Pantlikova C, Petr M, Racicka E, Sarbochova R, Smolenakova K, Turcinek R, Urbancova K, Vejvodova J, Vondrakova M, Zachoval R, Alt I, Kaasik Ü, Kiiroja K, Lanno R, Märtsin K, Past M, Vides H, Viitas L, Kantola I, Nieminen S, Perhonen M, Strand J, Valle T, Clergeot A, Couffinhal T, Courreges JP, Gouet D, Moulin P, Ziegler O, Badenhoop K, Behnke T, Bender G, Braun M, Dshabrailov J, Hamann A, Himpel-Boenninghoff A, Kamke W, Kasperk C, Luedemann J, Mayr P, Merkel M, Oerter EM, Ohlow MA, Ott P, Overhoff U, Paschen B, Remppis R, Rose L, Schumm-Draeger PM, Segiet T, Strotmann HJ, Stuchlik G, Stürmer W, Thinesse-Mallwitz M, Tytko A, Wendisch U, Wurziger J, Ho AY, Kam G, Kong AP, Lam YY, Lau EY, Lee S, Siu SC, Tomlinson B, Tsang CC, Yeung VT, Dezső E, Dudás M, Földesi I, Fülöp T, Késmárki N, Koranyi L, Nagy K, Oroszlán T, Pécsvárady Z, Ples Z, Taller A, Agarwal P, Ambulkar S, Aravind S, Balaji V, Kalra S, Kesavadev J, Kudalkar H, Kumar A, Misra A, Mithal A, Mohan V, Pitale S, Ramu M, Reddy N, Shah S, Shamanna P, Sharda A, Sharma A, Shunmugavelu M, Srikanta S, Suryaprakash G, Abramov G, Adawi F, Bashkin A, Darawsha M, Fuchs S, Harman-Boehm I, Hayek T, Jaffe A, Knobler H, Minuchin O, Mosseri M, Shechter M, Shimon I, Stern N, Tsur A, Vishlitzky V, Alfonsi F, Cavalot F, Del Vecchio L, Frisinghelli A, Gambardella S, Lauro D, Lembo G, Leotta S, Mondillo S, Novo S, Pedrinelli R, Piatti P, Salvioni A, Tritto I, Zavaroni DZ, Ahn KJ, Choi KM, Chung C, Han SJ, Kim DM, Kim IJ, Kim MH, Lee IK, Nam M, Park IeB, Park KS, Park TS, Rhee EJ, Yoo SJ, Andersone I, Balode A, Eglite R, Gersamija A, Kakurina N, Jegere B, Leitane I, Pastare S, Stalte V, Teterovska D, Baltramonaitiene K, Barsiene L, Ceponis J, Lasiene J, Levinger A, Sirutaviciene A, Sulskiene M, Urbanaviciene L, Valius L, Varanauskiene E, Velickiene D, Mahendran KA, Abu Hassan MR, Aziz NA, Hussein Z, Ismail IS, Kamaruddin NA, Nordin Z, Nayar SK, Ramanathan GR, Sothiratnam R, Beijerbacht H, Breedveld R, Cornel JH, Den Hartog F, Hermans W, Kietselaer B, Kooy A, Lenderink T, Nierop P, Remmen J, Rojas Lingan G, Ronner E, Van der Heijden R, Van Hessen M, van Kempen W, Voors-Pette C, Westendorp I, Baker J, Benatar J, Cutfield R, Krebs J, Leikis R, Lunt H, Manning P, Williams M, Birkeland K, Claudi T, Istad H, Karlsson T, Ossum Gronert J, Arciszewska M, Artemiuk E, Blach E, Blicharski T, Cypryk K, Dabrowska M, Górny G, Górska M, Jakubowska I, Jazwinska-Tarnawska E, Karczmarczyk A, Kitowska-Koterla J, Koltowski L, Krzyzagorska E, Pasternak D, Pentela-Nowicka J, Piesiewicz W, Przekwas-Jaruchowska M, Rajzer M, Salamon-Ferenc A, Sawicki A, Skowron T, Śmiałowski A, Albota A, Alexandru C, Crisan C, Dumitrescu A, Ferariu IE, Lupusoru DA, Munteanu M, Negru D, Nicolau A, Pintiliei E, Popescu A, Serban G, Voitec M, Babenko A, Barbarash O, Bondar I, Chizhov P, Demin A, Dora S, Dreval A, Ershova O, Gratsiansky N, Ketova G, Kotelnikov M, Levashov S, Morugova T, Mustafina S, Pekarskiy S, Raskina T, Rechkova E, Samoylova Y, Sazonova O, Sherenkov A, Shilkina N, Stetsyuk O, Tretyakova T, Turova E, Valeeva F, Zadionchenko V, Dalan R, Tan RS, Tay L, Buganova I, Fabry J, Jan C, Toserova E, Zak R, Zimanova J, Badat A, Bester F, Burgess L, De Jong D, Ellis G, Fouche L, Govender P, Govind U, Naidoo V, Nieuwoudt G, Nortje H, Rheeder P, Robertson L, Siddique N, Stapelberg AM, Trinder Y, Van Der Merwe A, Van Zyl L, Viljoen M, Wilhase A, Botella M, Civeira Murillo F, de Teresa L, Del Cañizo FJ, Extremera BG, Gimeno EJ, Martin-Hidalgo A, Morales C, Nubiola A, Tinahones Madueño F, Tranche S, Trescolí Serrano C, Alvarsson M, Eizyk E, Gillblad A, Johansson P, Löndahl M, Ohlsson-Önerud Å, Rautio A, Sundström U, Torstensson I, Chen JF, Chou CW, Ho LT, Hsieh IC, Huang BH, Huang CL, Huang CN, Lai WT, Lo PH, Pei D, Sheu WH, Wang SY, Araz M, Bakiner O, Comlekci A, Guler S, Sahin I, Sarac F, Tarkun I, Ukinc K, Yilmaz M, Abdulhakim E, Abraham P, Adamson K, Blagden M, Bundy C, Daly M, Davies M, Deshpande M, Gillings S, Harvey P, Horvathova V, Hristova D, Jaap A, Johnson A, Jones H, Kerrane J, Kilvert A, Ko T, Kumar J, Lindsay R, Litchfield J, McCrimmon R, McKnight J, Millward B, Oyesile B, Purewal T, Ravikumar C, Robinson A, Sathyapalan T, Simpson H, Thomas H, Turner W, Weaver J, Wilding J, Wiles P, Adkins K, Akpunonu B, Albu J, Anagnostis G, Anastasi L, Argoud G, Aroda V, Azizad M, Banerji MA, Bartkowiak A Jr, Bays H, Behn P, Bergenstal R, Bhargava A, Bias D, Bolster E, Buchanan P, Busch R, Chadha C, Chang M, Cheng C, Cohen A, Cohen J, Cole B, Connery L, Cooperman M, Cushman W, DAgostino R, Dayamani P, De Lemos J, De Meireles M, Dean J, DeHart D, Detweiler R, Donovan D, Dugano-Daphnis P, Dulin M, Dunn F, Eaton C, Erickson B, Estevez R, Feinglos M, Fonseca V, Force R, Forker A, Fox D, Gabriel J, Garcia R, Garvey T, Gaudiani L, Getaneh A, Goldberg A, Goldman S, Hairston K, Harris R, Haught W, Hidalgo H Jr, Higgins A, Houchin V, Ison R, Jacobs G, Jaffrani N, Jafry B, Kapsner P, Kaye W, Labroo A, Levinson L, Lewis S, Lillestol M, Luttrell L, Madu I, McNeill R, Merrick B, Metzger F, Nadar V, Nagelberg S, Nash S, Oparil S, Osei K, Papademetriou V, Patel N, Pedley C, Prentiss A, Radbill M, Raisinghani A, Rassouli N, Reddy R, Rees P, Rendell M, Robbins D, Rodbard H, Rohlf J, Roseman H, Rudolph L, Sadler L, Schnall A, Schramm R, Schubart U, Seneviratne T, Shanik M, Snyder H, Sorli C, Stich M, Sweeney ME, Tsao J, Ukwade P, Viswanath D, Vo A, Vogel C, Voyce S, Weintraub H, White J, Wood M, Wu P, Wysham C, Zimmerman R, Pathology/molecular and cellular medicine, Diabetes Pathology & Therapy, and Green JB, Bethel MA, Armstrong PW, Buse JB, Engel SS, Garg J, Josse R, Kaufman KD, Koglin J, Korn S, Lachin JM, McGuire DK, Pencina MJ, Standl E, Stein PP, Suryawanshi S, Van de Werf F, Peterson ED, Holman RR, Holman RR, Peterson ED, Holman RR, Peterson ED, Armstrong PW, Buse JB, Josse RG, Kaufman KD, Koglin J, Korn S, Lachin JM, McGuire DK, Standl E, Stein PP, Suryawanshi S, Van de Werf F, Engel SS, Califf RM, Goldstein BJ, Shapiro DR, Silverman R, Bethel A, Green J, Hayden S, Hannan K, Quintero K, Rorick T, Berdan L, Leloudis D, Califf S, Wilson M, McFarron D, Trollinger K, Pesarchick J, Eskenazi L, Campbell C, Townes O, Tolsma D, Keenan J, Milton J, Athwal R, Darbyshire J, Doran Z, Kennedy I, Gregory V, Garg J, Lokhnygina Y, Prather K, Wolfley A, Usman M, Tajjar A, Gray R, Pfeffer MA, Gerstein HC, Groop L, McMurray JJ, Pocock SJ, Clayton T, Sinay I, Brieger D, Stranks S, Scheen A, Lopes R, Tankova T, Hramiak I, Grado CR, Wenying Y, Ge J, Aschner P, Skrha J, Ambos A, Strandberg T, Travert F, Hanefeld M, Riefflin A, Chan JC, Ofner P, Reddy NK, Christopher J, Mathur A, Arambam P, Mittal S, Manchanda M, Wainstein J, Ambrosio G, Pirags V, Jakuboniene N, Mohamed M, Scott R, White H, Cornel J, Halvorsen S, Tykarski A, Veresiu IA, Dreval AV, Misinkova I, Tai E, Krahulec B, Distiller L, Park Y, Rovira A, Alversson M, Chuang LM, Delibasi T, Adler A, Rodbard HW, Marre M, Goff D, Chacra A, DeVore A, Beaven A, Shah B, Hirsch B, Batch B, Bushnell C, Patel C, Melloni C, Henshaw C, Kong D, McFarron D, Bernecki G, Tillman H, Kang HJ, Green J, Hawes J, Strickler J, Piccini J, Wilder J, Alexander K, Mahaffey K, Patel K, Hyland K, Newby K, Jackson L, Cooper L, Armaganijan L, Szczeh L, Koshizaka M, Roe M, Morse M, Guimaraes P, Hess P, Tricoci P, Mehta R, Lopes R, Mathews R, Kociol R, Harrison R, Mentz R, Pokorney S, Leblanc T, Lazzarini V, Eapen Z, Truffa A, Fosbol E, Brito F, Katz M, Bahit M, Santos M, Barros P, Bernardez S, Alvarisqueta AF, Arias P, Cagide AL, Calella PR, Cantero MC, Canella JP, Cipullo MA, de Loredo L, Gelersztein ES, Gorban de Lapertosa SB, Klyver MI, Maffei LE, Maldonado N, Oviedo AI, Piskorz DL, Ridruejo MC, Saavedra SS, Sessa HA, Sinay IR, Sposetti GD, Ulla MR, Vico ML, Waitman JN, Binnekamp M, Carroll P, Cheung W, Colman P, Davis T, De Looze F, dEmden M, Fulcher G, Gerstman M, Hamilton A, Lehman S, Moses R, Proietto J, Roberts A, Shaw J, Simpson R, Sinha A, Stranks S, Tan Y, Topliss D, Vora P, Waites J, Crenier L, Descamps O, Keymeulen B, Mathieu C, Nobels F, Scheen A, Van den Bruel A, Van Gaal L, Borges JL, Costa e Forti A, Eliaschewitz FG, Felício JS, Griz LH, Hissa MN, Leite S, Panarotto D, Pimentel Filho P, Rassi N, Saraiva JK, Sgarbi JA, Silva RP, Tambascia M, Weber Silva DM, Bobeva R, Bostandzhieva R, Cinlikov I, Georgieva M, Iliev D, Ilieva E, Kovacheva S, Liubenova L, Nikitov Z, SHeinikova G, Slavcheva A, Spasova V, Tankova T, Temelkova-Kurktschiev T, Velichka D, Yakov A, Carpentier A, Chiasson JL, Constance C, Dumas R, Filteau P, Garceau C, Hramiak I, Huynh T, Kaiser S, Kornder J, Leiter L, Mereu L, Miller D, Pandey S, Punthakee Z, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Robitaille Y, Saunders K, Sigal R, Sigalas J, Vizel S, Weisnagel S, Woo V, Yale JF, Yared K, Zinman B, Bunster Balocchi LB, Escobar Cerda EE, Garces Flores EE, Lanas Zanetti FT, Larrazabal Miranda Adel P, Morales Alvarado JM, Olivares Cañon CM, Potthoff Cárdenas SH, Raffo Grado CA, Rodriguez Venegas ME, Saavedra Gajardo VA, Westerberg Maldonado BH, Chen LL, Dong J, Guo X, Li QM, Shi B, Tang XL, Yang T, Yang WY, Zheng SX, Aschner Montoya P, Botero Lopez R, Coronel Arroyo JA, Cure CA, Gómez Medina AM, Molina DI, Perez Amador GA, Reyes Rincon A, Urina Triana MA, Valenzuela Rincon A, Vélez Pelaez S, Yupanqui Lozno H, Brabec T, Brychta T, Hasalova Zapletalova J, Havelkova J, Hejnicova K, Hola O, Hornackova M, Hrdina T, Kafkova D, Kellnerova I, Krystl T, Kutejova V, Mikulkova I, Nevrla J, Pantlikova C, Petr M, Racicka E, Sarbochova R, Skrha J, Smolenakova K, Turcinek R, Urbancova K, Vejvodova J, Vondrakova M, Zachoval R, Alt I, Ambos A, Kaasik Ü, Kiiroja K, Lanno R, Märtsin K, Past M, Vides H, Viitas L, Kantola I, Nieminen S, Perhonen M, Strand J, Strandberg T, Valle T, Clergeot A, Couffinhal T, Courreges JP, Gouet D, Moulin P, Travert F, Ziegler O, Badenhoop K, Behnke T, Bender G, Braun M, Dshabrailov J, Hamann A, Hanefeld M, Himpel-Boenninghoff A, Kamke W, Kasperk C, Luedemann J, Mayr P, Merkel M, Oerter EM, Ohlow MA, Ott P, Overhoff U, Paschen B, Remppis R, Riefflin A, Rose L, Schumm-Draeger PM, Segiet T, Strotmann HJ, Stuchlik G, Stürmer W, Thinesse-Mallwitz M, Tytko A, Wendisch U, Wurziger J, Ho AY, Kam G, Kong AP, Lam YY, Lau EY, Lee S, Siu SC, Tomlinson B, Tsang CC, Yeung VT, Dezső E, Dudás M, Földesi I, Fülöp T, Késmárki N, Koranyi L, Nagy K, Ofner P, Oroszlán T, Pécsvárady Z, Ples Z, Taller A, Agarwal P, Ambulkar S, Aravind S, Balaji V, Christopher J, Kalra S, Kesavadev J, Kudalkar H, Kumar A, Misra A, Mithal A, Mohan V, Pitale S, Ramu M, Reddy N, Shah S, Shamanna P, Sharda A, Sharma A, Shunmugavelu M, Srikanta S, Suryaprakash G, Abramov G, Adawi F, Bashkin A, Darawsha M, Fuchs S, Harman-Boehm I, Hayek T, Jaffe A, Knobler H, Minuchin O, Mosseri M, Shechter M, Shimon I, Stern N, Tsur A, Vishlitzky V, Wainstein J, Alfonsi F, Cavalot F, Del Vecchio L, Frisinghelli A, Gambardella S, Lauro D, Lembo G, Leotta S, Mondillo S, Novo S, Pedrinelli R, Piatti P, Salvioni A, Tritto I, Zavaroni DZ, Ahn KJ, Choi KM, Chung C, Han SJ, Kim DM, Kim IJ, Kim MH, Lee IK, Nam M, Park IeB, Park KS, Park TS, Park Y, Rhee EJ, Yoo SJ, Andersone I, Balode A, Eglite R, Gersamija A, Kakurina N, Jegere B, Leitane I, Pastare S, Pirags V, Stalte V, Teterovska D, Baltramonaitiene K, Barsiene L, Ceponis J, Jakuboniene N, Lasiene J, Levinger A, Sirutaviciene A, Sulskiene M, Urbanaviciene L, Valius L, Varanauskiene E, Velickiene D, Mahendran KA, Abu Hassan MR, Aziz NA, Hussein Z, Ismail IS, Kamaruddin NA, Mohamed M, Nordin Z, Nayar SK, Ramanathan GR, Sothiratnam R, Beijerbacht H, Breedveld R, Cornel JH, Den Hartog F, Hermans W, Kietselaer B, Kooy A, Lenderink T, Nierop P, Remmen J, Rojas Lingan G, Ronner E, Van der Heijden R, Van Hessen M, van Kempen W, Voors-Pette C, Westendorp I, Baker J, Benatar J, Cutfield R, Krebs J, Leikis R, Lunt H, Manning P, Scott R, Williams M, Birkeland K, Claudi T, Halvorsen S, Istad H, Karlsson T, Ossum Gronert J, Arciszewska M, Artemiuk E, Blach E, Blicharski T, Cypryk K, Dabrowska M, Górny G, Górska M, Jakubowska I, Jazwinska-Tarnawska E, Karczmarczyk A, Kitowska-Koterla J, Koltowski L, Krzyzagorska E, Pasternak D, Pentela-Nowicka J, Piesiewicz W, Przekwas-Jaruchowska M, Rajzer M, Salamon-Ferenc A, Sawicki A, Skowron T, Śmiałowski A, Tykarski A, Albota A, Alexandru C, Crisan C, Dumitrescu A, Ferariu IE, Lupusoru DA, Munteanu M, Negru D, Nicolau A, Pintiliei E, Popescu A, Serban G, Veresiu IA, Voitec M, Babenko A, Barbarash O, Bondar I, Chizhov P, Demin A, Dora S, Dreval A, Ershova O, Gratsiansky N, Ketova G, Kotelnikov M, Levashov S, Morugova T, Mustafina S, Pekarskiy S, Raskina T, Rechkova E, Samoylova Y, Sazonova O, Sherenkov A, Shilkina N, Stetsyuk O, Tretyakova T, Turova E, Valeeva F, Zadionchenko V, Dalan R, Tan RS, Tay L, Buganova I, Fabry J, Jan C, Krahulec B, Toserova E, Zak R, Zimanova J, Badat A, Bester F, Burgess L, De Jong D, Distiller L, Ellis G, Fouche L, Govender P, Govind U, Naidoo V, Nieuwoudt G, Nortje H, Rheeder P, Robertson L, Siddique N, Stapelberg AM, Trinder Y, Van Der Merwe A, Van Zyl L, Viljoen M, Wilhase A, Botella M, Civeira Murillo F, de Teresa L, Del Cañizo FJ, Extremera BG, Gimeno EJ, Martin-Hidalgo A, Morales C, Nubiola A, Rovira A, Tinahones Madueño F, Tranche S, Trescolí Serrano C, Alvarsson M, Eizyk E, Gillblad A, Johansson P, Löndahl M, Ohlsson-Önerud Å, Rautio A, Sundström U, Torstensson I, Chen JF, Chou CW, Chuang LM, Ho LT, Hsieh IC, Huang BH, Huang CL, Huang CN, Lai WT, Lo PH, Pei D, Sheu WH, Wang SY, Araz M, Bakiner O, Comlekci A, Delibasi T, Guler S, Sahin I, Sarac F, Tarkun I, Ukinc K, Yilmaz M, Abdulhakim E, Abraham P, Adamson K, Adler A, Blagden M, Bundy C, Daly M, Davies M, Deshpande M, Gillings S, Harvey P, Horvathova V, Horvathova V, Hristova D, Jaap A, Johnson A, Jones H, Kerrane J, Kilvert A, Ko T, Kumar J, Lindsay R, Litchfield J, McCrimmon R, McKnight J, Millward B, Oyesile B, Purewal T, Ravikumar C, Robinson A, Sathyapalan T, Simpson H, Thomas H, Turner W, Weaver J, Wilding J, Wiles P, Adkins K, Akpunonu B, Albu J, Anagnostis G, Anastasi L, Argoud G, Aroda V, Azizad M, Banerji MA, Bartkowiak A Jr, Bays H, Behn P, Bergenstal R, Bhargava A, Bias D, Bolster E, Buchanan P, Busch R, Chadha C, Chang M, Cheng C, Cohen A, Cohen J, Cole B, Connery L, Cooperman M, Cushman W, DAgostino R, Davies M, Dayamani P, De Lemos J, De Meireles M, Dean J, DeHart D, Detweiler R, Donovan D, Dugano-Daphnis P, Dulin M, Dunn F, Eaton C, Erickson B, Estevez R, Feinglos M, Fonseca V, Force R, Forker A, Fox D, Gabriel J, Garcia R, Garvey T, Gaudiani L, Getaneh A, Goff D, Goldberg A, Goldman S, Hairston K, Harris R, Haught W, Hidalgo H Jr, Higgins A, Houchin V, Ison R, Jacobs G, Jaffrani N, Jafry B, Kapsner P, Kaye W, Labroo A, Levinson L, Lewis S, Lillestol M, Luttrell L, Madu I, McNeill R, Merrick B, Metzger F, Nadar V, Nagelberg S, Nash S, Oparil S, Osei K, Papademetriou V, Patel N, Pedley C, Prentiss A, Radbill M, Raisinghani A, Rassouli N, Reddy R, Rees P, Rendell M, Robbins D, Rodbard H, Rohlf J, Roseman H, Rudolph L, Sadler L, Schnall A, Schramm R, Schubart U, Seneviratne T, Shanik M, Snyder H, Sorli C, Stich M, Sweeney ME, Tsao J, Ukwade P, Viswanath D, Vo A, Vogel C, Voyce S, Weintraub H, White J, Wood M, Wu P, Wysham C, Zimmerman R

Subjects
Oral, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart diseases, Glycosylated, Administration, Oral, heart failure, Type 2 diabetes, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Placebo, Sitagliptin Phosphate, Sitagliptin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, chemistry.chemical_compound, Drug Therapy, Double-Blind Method, Internal medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Glycated Hemoglobin, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Drug Therapy, Combination, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Diseases, Heart Failure, Hospitalization, Pyrazines, Triazoles, Medicine (all), business.industry, Semaglutide, Hemoglobin A, General Medicine, ta3121, medicine.disease, Surgery, Cardiovascular diseases, chemistry, Sitagliptin, Administration, Combination, Glycated hemoglobin, business, Type 2, Alogliptin, medicine.drug
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Data are lacking on the long-term effect on cardiovascular events of adding sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, to usual care in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind study, we assigned 14,671 patients to add either sitagliptin or placebo to their existing therapy. Open-label use of antihyperglycemic therapy was encouraged as required, aimed at reaching individually appropriate glycemic targets in all patients. To determine whether sitagliptin was noninferior to placebo, we used a relative risk of 1.3 as the marginal upper boundary. The primary cardiovascular outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 3.0 years, there was a small difference in glycated hemoglobin levels (least-squares mean difference for sitagliptin vs. placebo, -0.29 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.32 to-0.27). Overall, the primary outcome occurred in 839 patients in the sitagliptin group (11.4%; 4.06 per 100 person-years) and 851 patients in the placebo group (11.6%; 4.17 per 100 person-years). Sitagliptin was noninferior to placebo for the primary composite cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.09; P

Published
2015
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11. Synthesis and characterization of indium-doped ZnO nanoparticles by coprecipitation method for highly photo-responsive UV light sensors

Author

Yogesh B. Waghadkar, Govind Umarji, Shankar S. Kekade, Sunit Rane, Ratna chauhan, Muthupandian Ashokkumar, and Suresh W. Gosavi

Subjects
Indium-doped ZnO, Co-precipitation, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, UV Light sensors, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

In this investigation, we employed a cost-efficient co-precipitation technique to synthesize nanostructures of Indium-doped ZnO, incorporating varying percentages of Indium (0.25 %, 0.5 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 4 %) into the ZnO lattice. These Indium atoms were introduced either by replacing oxygen (O2) or occupying tetrahedral interstitial spaces within the structure. The resultant materials exhibited an average crystal size ranging from approximately 5 to 10 nm and displayed a highly crystalline nature. The UV–visible spectroscopy of these synthesized materials, revealing an excitation spectrum spanning 380 nm–395 nm. Photoluminescence measurements showed two distinct emission peaks at 390 nm and 471 nm, originates from the recombination of the free excitons through an exciton-exciton collision process and the presence of defects or impurities in the In–ZnO nanostructures. Defects in the crystal lattice, such as oxygen vacancies or interstitial defects, can create energy levels within the bandgap. Subsequently, we evaluated the suitability of these Indium-doped ZnO nanostructures for light sensor applications. Response and recovery times to infrared (IR), visible, and ultraviolet (UV) light was recorded. Remarkably, the nanostructures exhibited exceptional response and recovery times, in UV light compared to their performance with IR and visible light. This significant performance of synthesized materials in UV light shows the cost-effective co-precipitation method in fabricating Indium-doped ZnO nanostructures for UV light sensing applications.

Published
2024
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12. Empagliflozin and Kidney Function Decline in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Slope Analysis from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial

Author

Wanner, Christoph, Heerspink, Hiddo J. L., Zinman, Bernard, Inzucchi, Silvio E., Koitka-Weber, Audrey, Mattheus, Michaela, Hantel, Stefan, Woerle, Hans-Juergen, Broedl, Uli C., von Eynatten, Maximilian, Groop, Per-Henrik, Aizenberg, D., Ulla, M., Waitman, J., De Loredo, L., Farias, J., Fideleff, H., Lagrutta, M., Maldonado, N., Colombo, H., Ferre Pacora, F., Wasserman, A., Maffei, L., Lehman, R., Selvanayagam, J., d'Emden, M., Fasching, P., Paulweber, B., Toplak, H., Luger, A., Drexel, H., Prager, R., Schnack, C., Schernthaner, G., Fliesser-Goerzer, E., Kaser, S., Scheen, A., Van Gaal, Luc, Hollanders, G., Kockaerts, Y., Capiau, L., Chachati, A., Persu, A., Hermans, M., Vantroyen, D., Vercammen, C., Van de Borne, P., Mathieu, C., Benhalima, Katrien, Lienart, F., Mortelmans, J., Strivay, M., Vereecken, G., Keymeulen, B., Lamkanfi, F., Chacra, A., Eliaschewitz, F., Zanella, M., Faludi, A., Bertolami, M., Hayashida, C., Nunes Salles, J., Monte, O., Dinato, M., Manenti, E., Rassi, N., Halpern, A., Lima Filho, M., Ayoub, J., Felicio, J., Borges, J., Gross, J., Sgarbi, J., Betti, R., Tiburcio, A., Purisch, S., Schmid, H., Takahashi, M., Castro, M., Rea, R., Hissa, M., Geloneze Neto, B., Saraiva, J., Henein, S., Lochnan, H., Imran, S. A., Clayton, D., Bayly, K., Berlingieri, J., Boucher, P., Chan, Y., Gupta, M., Chehayeb, R., Ouellett, A., Ur, E., Woo, V., Zinman, B., St Amour, E., Terront Lozano, M., Yupanqui Lozno, H., Urina, M., Lopez Jaramillo, P., Jaramillo, N., Sanchez, G., Perez, G., Tusek, S., Mirosevic, G., Goldoni, V., Jurisic-Erzen, D., Balasko, A., Balic, S., Drvodelic-Sunic, E., Varzic, S. Canecki, Machkova, M., Weiner, P., Lastuvka, J., Olsovsky, J., Krarup, T., Ridderstrale, M., Tarnow, L., Boesgaard, T. Wellov, Lihn, A. Saetre, Christensen, P., Juhl, H., Urhammer, S., Lund, P., Adojaan, B., Jakovlev, U., Lanno, R., Lubi, M., Marandi, T., Gouet, D., Courreges, J., Zaoui, P., Choukroun, G., Petit, C., Formagne, L., Estour, B., Mabire, P., Daugenet, C., Lemarie, B., Clavel, S., Aure, P., Remaud, P., Halimi, J., Hadjadj, S., Couffinhal, T., Glonti, S., Metreveli, D., Lominadze, Z., Giorgadze, E., Burtchuladze, T., Javashvili, L., Kurashvili, G., Kurashvili, R., Virsaladze, D., Nadareishvili, L., Khomasuridze, A., Cahill, T., Green, F., MacRury, S., Waldron, M., Middleton, A., McKnight, J., Pearson, E., Butler, M., Choksi, M., Caldwell, I., Farmer, I., Wyatt, N., Patrick, J., O'Brien, I., Devers, M., Bousboulas, S., Pappas, S., Piaditis, G., Vryonidou, A., Tentolouris, N., Karamitsos, K., Manes, C., Benroubi, M., Avramidis, I., Ozaki, R., Tan, K., Siu, S., Tsang, C., Dudas, M., Nagy, K., Salamon, C., Ip, T., Geroo, L., Patkay, J., Tabak, A., Juhasz, F., Szentpeteri, I., Tamas, G., Ghaisas, N., Bantwal, G., Mohan, V., Gupta, J., Sadhu, N., Kulkarni, A., Garg, N., Reddy, S., Deshpande, N., Gutlapalli, K., Pillai, M., Premchand, R., Badgandi, M., Jain, S., Aravind, S., Shamanna, P., Pandey, A., Gupta, S., Pramono, B., Saksono, H. Dante, Agung, P., Wahono, S. Djoko, Suastika, K., Tanggo, Y., Juwana, Y., Siswanto, B., Adawi, F., Efrati, S., Mazen, E., Bashkin, A., Herskovits, T., Jaffe, A., Schiff, E., Wainstein, J., Taddei, S., Aiello, A., Arca, M., Calabro, P., Cignarelli, M., Fioretto, P., Reggiani, G. Marchesini, Gnasso, A., Marchionni, N., Marsilii, A., Bucci, M., Mezzetti, A., Pozzilli, P., Colivicchi, F., Santini, M., Moro, E., Toscano, V., Fucili, A., Semplicini, A., Monno, S., Furui, K., Higashiue, S., Hiramatsu, N., Kawamitsu, K., Takenaka, T., Takahashi, H., Hojo, F., Onishi, Y., Izumino, K., Okubo, M., Wakida, Y., Kondo, Y., Hieshima, K., Jinnouchi, H., Suzuki, A., Ito, M., Park, S., Kim, Y., Hong, T., Park, H., Gwon, H., Kim, H., Kang, K., Jeong, M., Seung, K., Lim, D., Rha, S., Tahk, S., Yang, J., Yoon, J., Shin, M., Kim, D., Jeong, J., Ahmad, N. Nik, Mustafa, N., Mohamed, W. Wan, Fung, Y., Ghani, R. Abdul, Chandramouli, A., Chee, K., Kadir, K. Abdul, Ling, K., Abu Hassan, M., Foo, S., Lee, S., Garcia Hernandez, P., Aguilar-Salinas, C., Vidrio Velazquez, M., Flores, F., Alpizar Salazar, M., Micher Escalante, D., Garcia Soria, M., Cardona Munoz, E., Storms, G., Schaper, N., Kooy, A., Krekels, M., van Bemmel, T., Verhoeven, R., Mulder, H., Oldenburg-Ligtenberg, P., Gonkel, F., de Jong, A., van Soest, J., Viergever, P., Mevissen, H., Lochorn, G., Zwiers, G., Hoogslag, P., Ronner, E., Nierop, P., Al-Windy, N., Kragten, J., Dekelver, P., Benatar, J., Krebs, J., Scott, R., Heggen, E., Berz, A., Fossum, C., Hurtig, U., Langslet, G., Baranowski, M., Sparby, J., Karlsson, T., Karlsson, Thomas, Delgado Torres, C., Rodriguez Escudero, A., Lisson, R., Allemant Maldonado, A., Gallardo Rojas, W., Gonzales Bravo, L., Lema Osores, J., Farfan, J., Zapata, L., Godoy Junchaya, J., Roldan Concha, Y., Urquiaga Calderon, J., Sy, R., Tan, G., Aquitania, G., De Los Santos, G., Panelo, A., Roderos, O., Rosales, R., Toledo, R., Liwag, A., Ramoncito, H., Skokowska, E., Krzyzagorska, E., Ogorek, M., Wojnowski, L., Spyra, J., Konieczny, M., Piesiewicz, W., Kus, W., Ocicka-Kozakiewicz, A., Orlowska-Kunikowska, E., Zmuda, W., Duarte, S., Leitao, A., Monteiro, P., Rita, H., Salgado, V., Pinto, L., Queiros, J., Teixeira, J., Rogado, C., Duarte, R., Sobral do Rosario, F., Silva, A., Andrade, L., Velez, M., Brazao, M., Istratoaie, O., Lichiardopol, R., Catrinoiu, D., Militaru, C., Zetu, C., Barbonta, D., Cosma, D., Crisan, C., Pop, L., Esip, V., Khetagurova, F., Petrov, A., Arutyunov, G., Boyarkin, M., Agafyina, A., Vorokhobina, N., Petunina, N., Libov, I., Zalevskaya, A., Nikolaev, K., Barbarash, O., Potemkin, V., Bystrova, A., Krasilnikova, E., Barbarich, V., Chumakova, G., Tarasov, N., Meleshkevich, T., Zateyshchikov, D., Lantseva, O., Belenkiy, D., Obrezan, A., Rossolko, L., Fillipova, E., Yakhontova, P., Khokhlov, A., Tan, R., Sum, C., Chang, H., Distiller, L., Pretorius, M., Nortje, H., Mitha, E., Burgess, L., Blignaut, S., Venter, T., Moodley, R., Lombaard, J., Govind, U., Naidoo, V., Mookadam, M., Engelbrecht, J., Omar, M., Jurgens, J., Podgorski, G., Vawda, H., Naidoo, D., Emanuel, S., Roodt, A., Amod, A., Van Zyl, L., Segura, J., Brito, M., Fernandez-Cruz, A., Artola, S., Iglesias, R., Toural, E., Garcia-Ortiz, L., Saban, J., Mesa, J., Vidal, J., Linares, J., del Canizo, F., Rigla, M., Suarez, C., Llorente, I., Moreno, B., Antoli, A., Gomez Peralta, F., Iglesias, M., Pereg, V., de Teresa, L., Camafort, M., Trescoli, C., Satarasinghe, R., Somasundaram, N., Siyambalapitiya, S., Antonypillai, C., Bulugahapitiya, D., Medagama, U., Huang, C., Lu, Y., Hwang, J., Chiang, C., Wen, M., Chen, J., Lai, W., Chang, K., Wang, J., Yeh, H., Kriangsak, P., Deerochanawong, C., Suwanwalaikorn, S., Mangklabruks, A., Kaewsuwanna, P., Piyayotai, D., Iabluchanskyi, M., Samoylov, O., Godlevska, O., Kovalyova, O., Voloshyna, O., Tseluyko, V., Zotov, S., Vykhovanyuk, I., Dulgeroff, A., Mayfield, R., Zaniewski-Singh, M., Ullal, J., Aloi, J., De La Rosa, R., Mosely, J., Wittmer, B., Aronoff, S., Rosenfeld, J., Seidner, M., Warren, M., Fishman, N., Weiss, R., Arif, A., Sandberg, M., Lewis, D., Ball, E., Graf, R., Breton, C., Tamayo, R., Richards, R., Cefalu, W., Uwaifo, G., Zayour, D., Hoffman, J., Fitz-Patrick, D., Khan, B., Blaze, K., Bressler, P., Halpern, S., Chappell, D., Bergenstal, R., Cuddihy, R., Matfin, G., Freedman, Z., Gonzalez-Campoy, J., Lerman, S., Rendell, M., Sitar, S., Reeves, M., Howard, T., Soufer, J., Miranda-Palma, B., Laliotis, A., Shomali, M., Teltser, M., Hurley, D., Morawski, E., Cherlin, R., Houchin, V., Welch, M., Goytia-Leos, D., Syed, M., Kowaloff, E., Weinrauch, L., Peniston, J., Brockmyre, A., First, B., Feld, L., Huffman, D., Nassim, O., Gottschlich, G., Patel, A., Knopke, C., Hernandez, M., Diaz, J., Giugliano, G., Nicasio, J., Eagerton, D., Huntley, R., Reed, J., Magee, M., Hippert, R., Sofley, C., Alzohaili, O., Levins, P., Anspach, R., Shah, S., Brusco, O., Naidu, J., Lindenbaum, J., Jacks, R., Hammond, G., Arena, C., Saxman, K., Mach, M., Kerstein, H., Kereiakes, D., Wahlen, J., Wehmeier, K., Chaykin, L., Rothman, J., Fogelfeld, L., Stroger, John H., Bittar, N., Rosenstock, J., Kayne, D., Navarro, J., Colfer, H., Mokshagundam, S., Shandilya, L., Connery, L., Wysham, C., Dela Llana, A., Jardula, M., MacAdams, M., Flippo, G., Heurich, E., Curtis, C., Sanders, D., Rawls, R., Velazquez, F., Osea, E., Mahood, K., Feldman, G., Eder, F., Riley, E., Fowler, W., Jain, M., Shepard, M., Schear, M., Barker, B., Strout, C., Obiekwe, O., Shanik, M., Green, C., Blakney, E., Roberson, K., Bretton, E., Pish, R., Kaveh, K., Maynard, B., Barager, W., Soldyshev, R., Austin, B., Parmar, P., Simpson, R., Chauhan, A., Kasper, J., Burr, R., Patel, N., Mariano, H., Pluto, T., Bratcher, C., Juarez, M., Levinson, L., Awad, A., Longshaw, K., Hoffman, K., Richwine, R., Molter, D., Boscia, J., Kowalyk, S., Lemis, P., Liss, J., Orr, R., Riser, J., Wood, J., Ubani, A., Paine, W., Hassani, F., Miranda, F., Hansen, V., Hansen, Val R., Farris, N., Bowden, R., Ajani, D., Maw, K., Andersen, J., Bergman, B., Dunmyer, S., Brandon, D., Anderson, M., Bononi, P., Prawer, J., Seidman, B., Cruz, H., Wilks, K., DiSanto, L., Buynak, R., Christensen, T., Denker, P., Koppel, W., Stedman, M., Lewy-Alterbaum, L., Karim, S., Shapiro, J., Gardner, T., Oskin, T., Gabra, N., Malano, J., Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Methods in Medicines evaluation & Outcomes research (M2O), and EMPA-REG OUTCOME Investigators

Subjects
Male, Placebo-controlled study, PROGRESSION, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL, GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE, HYPERFILTRATION, law.invention, ESTABLISHED CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, Cohort Studies, MELLITUS, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Glucosides, law, Medicine, Diabetic Nephropathies, GFR DECLINE, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Nephrology, diabetes mellitus, randomized controlled trials, Disease Progression, Female, Glomerular Filtration Rate, medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, Renal function, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Placebo, 03 medical and health sciences, Double-Blind Method, Clinical Research, Diabetes mellitus, BASE-LINE CHARACTERISTICS, END-POINTS, Empagliflozin, Humans, Benzhydryl Compounds, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors, Aged, COTRANSPORTER 2 INHIBITION, Models, Statistical, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, chronic kidney disease, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Human medicine, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Empagliflozin slowed the progression of CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. In a prespecified statistical approach, we assessed treatment differences in kidney function by analyzing slopes of eGFR changes.METHODS: Participants (n=7020) were randomized (1:1:1) to empagliflozin 10 mg/d, empagliflozin 25 mg/d, or placebo added to standard of care. We calculated eGFR slopes using random-intercept/random-coefficient models for prespecified study periods: treatment initiation (baseline to week 4), chronic maintenance treatment (week 4 to last value on treatment), and post-treatment (last value on treatment to follow-up).RESULTS: Compared with placebo, empagliflozin was associated with uniform shifts in individual eGFR slopes across all periods. On treatment initiation, adjusted mean slope (eGFR change per week, ml/min per 1.73 m2) decreased with empagliflozin (-0.77; 95% confidence interval, -0.83 to -0.71; placebo: 0.01; 95% confidence interval, -0.08 to 0.10; PCONCLUSIONS: The hemodynamic effects of empagliflozin, associated with reduction in intraglomerular pressure, may contribute to long-term preservation of kidney function.

Published
2018

13. Empagliflozin and Cerebrovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at High Cardiovascular Risk

Author

Zinman, Bernard, Inzucchi, Silvio E., Lachin, John M., Wanner, Christoph, Fitchett, David, Kohler, Sven, Mattheus, Michaela, Biomath, Dipl, Woerle, Hans J., Broedl, Uli C., Johansen, Odd Erik, Albers, Gregory W., Diener, Hans Christoph, Aizenberg, D., Ulla, M., Waitman, J., De Loredo, L., Farias, J., Fideleff, H., Lagrutta, M., Maldonado, N., Colombo, H., Ferre Pacora, F., Wasserman, A., Maffei, L., Lehman, R., Selvanayagam, J., d'Emden, M., Fasching, P., Paulweber, B., Toplak, H., Luger, A., Drexel, H., Prager, R., Schnack, C., Schernthaner, G., Fliesser-Goerzer, E., Kaser, S., Scheen, A., Van Gaal, L., Hollanders, G., Kockaerts, Y., Capiau, L., Chachati, A., Persu, A., Hermans, M., Vantroyen, D., Vercammen, C., Van de Borne, P., Mathieu, C., Benhalima, K., Lienart, F., Mortelmans, J., Strivay, M., Vereecken, G., Keymeulen, B., Lamkanfi, F., Chacra, A., Eliaschewitz, F., Zanella, M., Faludi, A., Bertolami, M., Hayashida, C., Nunes Salles, J., Monte, O., Dinato, M., Manenti, E., Rassi, N., Halpern, A., Lima Filho, M., Ayoub, J., Felicio, J., Borges, J., Gross, J., Sgarbi, J., Betti, R., Tiburcio, A., Purisch, S., Schmid, H., Takahashi, M., Castro, M., Rea, R., Hissa, M., Geloneze Neto, B., Saraiva, J., Henein, S., Lochnan, H., Imran, S. A., Clayton, D., Bayly, K., Berlingieri, J., Boucher, P., Chan, Y., Gupta, M., Chehayeb, R., Ouellett, A., Ur, E., Woo, V., Zinman, B., St Amour, E., Terront Lozano, M., Yupanqui Lozno, H., Urina, M., Lopez Jaramillo, P., Jaramillo, N., Sanchez, G., Perez, G., Tusek, S., Mirosevic, G., Goldoni, V., Jurisic-Erzen, D., Balasko, A., Balic, S., Drvodelic-Sunic, E., Varzic, S. Canecki, Machkova, M., Weiner, P., Lastuvka, J., Olsovsky, J., Krarup, T., Ridderstrale, M., Tarnow, L., Boesgaard, T. Wellov, Lihn, A. Saetre, Christensen, P., Juhl, H., Urhammer, S., Lund, P., Adojaan, B., Jakovlev, U., Lanno, R., Lubi, M., Marandi, T., Gouet, D., Courreges, J., Zaoui, P., Choukroun, G., Petit, C., Formagne, L., Estour, B., Mabire, P., Daugenet, C., Lemarie, B., Clavel, S., Aure, P., Remaud, P., Halimi, J., Hadjadj, S., Couffinhal, T., Glonti, S., Metreveli, D., Lominadze, Z., Giorgadze, E., Burtchuladze, T., Javashvili, L., Kurashvili, G., Kurashvili, R., Virsaladze, D., Nadareishvili, L., Khomasuridze, A., Cahill, T., Green, F., MacRury, S., Waldron, M., Middleton, A., McKnight, J., Pearson, E., Butler, M., Choksi, M., Caldwell, I., Farmer, I., Wyatt, N., Patrick, J., O'Brien, I., Devers, M., Bousboulas, S., Pappas, S., Piaditis, G., Vryonidou, A., Tentolouris, N., Karamitsos, K., Manes, C., Benroubi, M., Avramidis, I., Ozaki, R., Tan, K., Siu, S., Tsang, C., Dudas, M., Nagy, K., Salamon, C., Ip, T., Geroo, L., Patkay, J., Tabak, A., Juhasz, F., Szentpeteri, I., Tamas, G., Ghaisas, N., Bantwal, G., Mohan, V., Gupta, J., Sadhu, N., Kulkarni, A., Garg, N., Reddy, S., Deshpande, N., Gutlapalli, K., Pillai, M., Premchand, R., Badgandi, M., Jain, S., Aravind, S., Shamanna, P., Pandey, A., Gupta, S., Pramono, B., Saksono, H. Dante, Agung, P., Wahono, S. Djoko, Suastika, K., Tanggo, Y., Juwana, Y., Siswanto, B., Adawi, F., Efrati, S., Mazen, E., Bashkin, A., Herskovits, T., Jaffe, A., Schiff, E., Wainstein, J., Taddei, S., Aiello, A., Arca, M., Calabro, P., Cignarelli, M., Fioretto, P., Reggiani, G. Marchesini, Gnasso, A., Marchionni, N., Marsilii, A., Bucci, M., Mezzetti, A., Pozzilli, P., Colivicchi, F., Santini, M., Moro, E., Toscano, V., Fucili, A., Semplicini, A., Monno, S., Furui, K., Higashiue, S., Hiramatsu, N., Kawamitsu, K., Takenaka, T., Takahashi, H., Hojo, F., Onishi, Y., Izumino, K., Okubo, M., Wakida, Y., Kondo, Y., Hieshima, K., Jinnouchi, H., Suzuki, A., Ito, M., Park, S., Kim, Y., Hong, T., Park, H., Gwon, H., Kim, H., Kang, K., Jeong, M., Seung, K., Lim, D., Rha, S., Tahk, S., Yang, J., Yoon, J., Shin, M., Kim, D., Jeong, J., Ahmad, N. Nik, Mustafa, N., Mohamed, W. Wan, Fung, Y., Ghani, R. Abdul, Chandramouli, A., Chee, K., Kadir, K. Abdul, Ling, K., Abu Hassan, M., Foo, S., Lee, S., Garcia Hernandez, P., Aguilar-Salinas, C., Vidrio Velazquez, M., Flores, F., Alpizar Salazar, M., Micher Escalante, D., Garcia Soria, M., Cardona Munoz, E., Storms, G., Schaper, N., Kooy, A., Krekels, M., van Bemmel, T., Verhoeven, R., Mulder, H., Oldenburg-Ligtenberg, P., Gonkel, F., de Jong, A., van Soest, J., Viergever, P., Mevissen, H., Lochorn, G., Zwiers, G., Hoogslag, P., Ronner, E., Nierop, P., Al-Windy, N., Kragten, J., Dekelver, P., Benatar, J., Krebs, J., Scott, R., Heggen, E., Berz, A., Fossum, C., Hurtig, U., Langslet, G., Baranowski, M., Sparby, J., Karlsson, T., Karlsson, Thomas, Delgado Torres, C., Rodriguez Escudero, A., Lisson, R., Allemant Maldonado, A., Gallardo Rojas, W., Gonzales Bravo, L., Lema Osores, J., Farfan, J., Zapata, L., Godoy Junchaya, J., Roldan Concha, Y., Urquiaga Calderon, J., Sy, R., Tan, G., Aquitania, G., De Los Santos, G., Panelo, A., Roderos, O., Rosales, R., Toledo, R., Liwag, A., Ramoncito, H., Skokowska, E., Krzyzagorska, E., Ogorek, M., Wojnowski, L., Spyra, J., Konieczny, M., Piesiewicz, W., Kus, W., Ocicka-Kozakiewicz, A., Orlowska-Kunikowska, E., Zmuda, W., Duarte, S., Leitao, A., Monteiro, P., Rita, H., Salgado, V., Pinto, L., Queiros, J., Teixeira, J., Rogado, C., Duarte, R., Sobral do Rosario, F., Silva, A., Andrade, L., Velez, M., Brazao, M., Istratoaie, O., Lichiardopol, R., Catrinoiu, D., Militaru, C., Zetu, C., Barbonta, D., Cosma, D., Crisan, C., Pop, L., Esip, V., Khetagurova, F., Petrov, A., Arutyunov, G., Boyarkin, M., Agafyina, A., Vorokhobina, N., Petunina, N., Libov, I., Zalevskaya, A., Nikolaev, K., Barbarash, O., Potemkin, V., Bystrova, A., Krasilnikova, E., Barbarich, V., Chumakova, G., Tarasov, N., Meleshkevich, T., Zateyshchikov, D., Lantseva, O., Belenkiy, D., Obrezan, A., Rossolko, L., Fillipova, E., Yakhontova, P., Khokhlov, A., Tan, R., Sum, C., Chang, H., Distiller, L., Pretorius, M., Nortje, H., Mitha, E., Burgess, L., Blignaut, S., Venter, T., Moodley, R., Lombaard, J., Govind, U., Naidoo, V., Mookadam, M., Engelbrecht, J., Omar, M., Jurgens, J., Podgorski, G., Vawda, H., Naidoo, D., Emanuel, S., Roodt, A., Amod, A., Van Zyl, L., Segura, J., Brito, M., Fernandez-Cruz, A., Artola, S., Iglesias, R., Toural, E., Garcia-Ortiz, L., Saban, J., Mesa, J., Vidal, J., Linares, J., del Canizo, F., Rigla, M., Suarez, C., Llorente, I., Moreno, B., Antoli, A., Gomez Peralta, F., Iglesias, M., Pereg, V., de Teresa, L., Camafort, M., Trescoli, C., Satarasinghe, R., Somasundaram, N., Siyambalapitiya, S., Antonypillai, C., Bulugahapitiya, D., Medagama, U., Huang, C., Lu, Y., Hwang, J., Chiang, C., Wen, M., Chen, J., Lai, W., Chang, K., Wang, J., Yeh, H., Kriangsak, P., Deerochanawong, C., Suwanwalaikorn, S., Mangklabruks, A., Kaewsuwanna, P., Piyayotai, D., Iabluchanskyi, M., Samoylov, O., Godlevska, O., Kovalyova, O., Voloshyna, O., Tseluyko, V., Zotov, S., Vykhovanyuk, I., Dulgeroff, A., Mayfield, R., Zaniewski-Singh, M., Ullal, J., Aloi, J., De La Rosa, R., Mosely, J., Wittmer, B., Aronoff, S., Rosenfeld, J., Seidner, M., Warren, M., Fishman, N., Weiss, R., Arif, A., Sandberg, M., Lewis, D., Ball, E., Graf, R., Breton, C., Tamayo, R., Richards, R., Cefalu, W., Uwaifo, G., Zayour, D., Hoffman, J., Fitz-Patrick, D., Khan, B., Blaze, K., Bressler, P., Halpern, S., Chappell, D., Bergenstal, R., Cuddihy, R., Matfin, G., Freedman, Z., Gonzalez-Campoy, J., Lerman, S., Rendell, M., Sitar, S., Reeves, M., Howard, T., Soufer, J., Miranda-Palma, B., Laliotis, A., Shomali, M., Teltser, M., Hurley, D., Morawski, E., Cherlin, R., Houchin, V., Welch, M., Goytia-Leos, D., Syed, M., Kowaloff, E., Weinrauch, L., Peniston, J., Brockmyre, A., First, B., Feld, L., Huffman, D., Nassim, O., Gottschlich, G., Patel, A., Knopke, C., Hernandez, M., Diaz, J., Giugliano, G., Nicasio, J., Eagerton, D., Huntley, R., Reed, J., III, Magee, M., Hippert, R., Sofley, C., Jr., Alzohaili, O., Levins, P., Anspach, R., Shah, S., Brusco, O., Naidu, J., Lindenbaum, J., Jacks, R., Hammond, G., Arena, C., Saxman, K., Mach, M., Kerstein, H., Kereiakes, D., Wahlen, J., Wehmeier, K., Chaykin, L., Rothman, J., Fogelfeld, L., Stroger, John H., Jr., Bittar, N., Rosenstock, J., Kayne, D., Navarro, J., Colfer, H., Mokshagundam, S., Shandilya, L., Connery, L., Wysham, C., Dela Llana, A., Jardula, M., MacAdams, M., Flippo, G., Heurich, E., Curtis, C., Sanders, D., Rawls, R., Velazquez, F., Osea, E., Mahood, K., Feldman, G., Eder, F., Riley, E., Fowler, W., Jain, M., Shepard, M., Schear, M., Barker, B., Strout, C., Obiekwe, O., Shanik, M., Green, C., Blakney, E., Roberson, K., Bretton, E., Pish, R., Kaveh, K., Maynard, B., Barager, W., Soldyshev, R., Austin, B., Parmar, P., Simpson, R., Chauhan, A., Kasper, J., Burr, R., Patel, N., Mariano, H., Pluto, T., Bratcher, C., Juarez, M., Levinson, L., Awad, A., Longshaw, K., Hoffman, K., Richwine, R., Molter, D., Boscia, J., III, Kowalyk, S., Lemis, P., Liss, J., Orr, R., Riser, J., Wood, J., Ubani, A., Paine, W., Hassani, F., Miranda, F., Hansen, V., Hansen, Val R., Farris, N., Bowden, R., Ajani, D., Maw, K., Andersen, J., Bergman, B., Dunmyer, S., Brandon, D., Anderson, M., Bononi, P., Prawer, J., Seidman, B., Cruz, H., Wilks, K., DiSanto, L., Buynak, R., Christensen, T., Denker, P., Koppel, W., Stedman, M., Lewy-Alterbaum, L., Karim, S., Shapiro, J., Gardner, T., Oskin, T., Gabra, N., Malano, J., and EMPA REG OUTCOME Investigators

Subjects
riesgo, compuestos de bencidrilo, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Original Contributions, humanos, Medizin, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases, hematocrit, stroke, 0302 clinical medicine, Glucosides, glucósidos, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Stroke, mediana edad, anciano, OUTCOMES, Hazard ratio, Middle Aged, ISCHEMIC-STROKE, Anesthesia, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Cardiology, TRIAL, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Sciences, enfermedades cardiovasculares, Clinical Neurology, Placebo, 03 medical and health sciences, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Internal medicine, medicine, Empagliflozin, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, accidente cerebrovascular, Benzhydryl Compounds, METAANALYSIS, Aged, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Science & Technology, business.industry, MORTALITY, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Blood pressure, hipoglicemiantes, Peripheral Vascular Disease, evaluación de resultados (asistencia sanitaria), Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, Neurology (clinical), Neurosciences & Neurology, business, FOLLOW-UP
Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., Background and Purpose— In the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial (Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients), empagliflozin added to standard of care in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and high cardiovascular risk reduced the risk of 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events, driven by a reduction in cardiovascular mortality, with no significant difference between empagliflozin and placebo in risk of myocardial infarction or stroke. In a modified intent-to-treat analysis, the hazard ratio for stroke was 1.18 (95% confidence interval, 0.89–1.56; P=0.26). We further investigated cerebrovascular events. Methods— Patients were randomized to empagliflozin 10 mg, empagliflozin 25 mg, or placebo; 7020 patients were treated. Median observation time was 3.1 years. Results— The numeric difference in stroke between empagliflozin and placebo in the modified intent-to-treat analysis was primarily because of 18 patients in the empagliflozin group with a first event >90 days after last intake of study drug (versus 3 on placebo). In a sensitivity analysis based on events during treatment or ≤90 days after last dose of drug, the hazard ratio for stroke with empagliflozin versus placebo was 1.08 (95% confidence interval, 0.81–1.45; P=0.60). There were no differences in risk of recurrent, fatal, or disabling strokes, or transient ischemic attack, with empagliflozin versus placebo. Patients with the largest increases in hematocrit or largest decreases in systolic blood pressure did not have an increased risk of stroke. Conclusions— In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and high cardiovascular risk, there was no significant difference in the risk of cerebrovascular events with empagliflozin versus placebo. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01131676.

Published
2017

14. Person Detection and Tracking Using Sparse Matrix Measurement for Visual Surveillance

Author

Govind U. Kharat and Moiz Abdul Hussain

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, Frame (networking), Pattern recognition, Tracking (particle physics), Field (computer science), Domain (software engineering), Task (computing), Video tracking, Segmentation, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, business, Sparse matrix
Abstract

Research in the domain of human processor interaction is associated to target segmentation and tracking. The significant analysis in this sector is encouraged as of a view that the multiple field of applications, consisting of observation, computer–human interaction, will benefit from a vigorous and efficient result. In this paper, we propose a framework for the object tracking using sparse matrix and AdaBoost classifier. The technique includes three steps: at the first stage, we use extracted image features. Later, frame features are represented as a sparse matrix. At the final stage, AdaBoost classifier is used to classify correctly the sparse matrix values based on which the tracking task is performed. Experimental results presented in the paper shows that the framework gives improved performance in comparison with other techniques of object tracking.

Published
2016
Full Text
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15. Heart failure outcomes with empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk: results of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME (R) trial

Author

Fitchett, David, Zinman, Bernard, Wanner, Christoph, Lachin, John M., Hantel, Stefan, Salsali, Afshin, Johansen, Odd Erik, Woerle, Hans J., Broedl, Uli C., Inzucchi, Silvio E., Aizenberg, D., Ulla, M., Waitman, J., De Loredo, L., Farias, J., Fideleff, H., Lagrutta, M., Maldonado, N., Colombo, H., Ferre Pacora, F., Wasserman, A., Maffei, L., Lehman, R., Selvanayagam, J., d'Emden, M., Fasching, P., Paulweber, B., Toplak, H., Luger, A., Drexel, H., Prager, R., Schnack, C., Schernthaner, G., Fliesser-Goerzer, E., Kaser, S., Scheen, A., Van Gaal, L., Hollanders, G., Kockaerts, Y., Capiau, L., Chachati, A., Persu, A., Hermans, M., Vantroyen, D., Vercammen, C., Van de Borne, P., Mathieu, C., Benhalima, K., Lienart, F., Mortelmans, J., Strivay, M., Vereecken, G., Keymeulen, B., Lamkanfi, F., Chacra, A., Eliaschewitz, F., Zanella, M., Faludi, A., Bertolami, M., Hayashida, C., Nunes Salles, J., Monte, O., Dinato, M., Manenti, E., Rassi, N., Halpern, A., Lima Filho, M., Ayoub, J., Felicio, J., Borges, J., Gross, J., Sgarbi, J., Betti, R., Tiburcio, A., Purisch, S., Schmid, H., Takahashi, M., Castro, M., Rea, R., Hissa, M., Geloneze Neto, B., Saraiva, J., Henein, S., Lochnan, H., Imran, S. A., Clayton, D., Bayly, K., Berlingieri, J., Boucher, P., Chan, Y., Gupta, M., Chehayeb, R., Ouellett, A., Ur, E., Woo, V., Zinman, B., St Amour, E., Terront Lozano, M., Yupanqui Lozno, H., Urina, M., Lopez Jaramillo, P., Jaramillo, N., Sanchez, G., Perez, G., Tusek, S., Mirosevic, G., Goldoni, V., Jurisic-Erzen, D., Balasko, A., Balic, S., Drvodelic-Sunic, E., Varzic, S. Canecki, Machkova, M., Weiner, P., Lastuvka, J., Olsovsky, J., Krarup, T., Ridderstrale, M., Tarnow, L., Boesgaard, T. Wellov, Lihn, A. Saetre, Christensen, P., Juhl, H., Urhammer, S., Lund, P., Adojaan, B., Jakovlev, U., Lanno, R., Lubi, M., Marandi, T., Gouet, D., Courreges, J., Zaoui, P., Choukroun, G., Petit, C., Formagne, L., Estour, B., Mabire, P., Daugenet, C., Lemarie, B., Clavel, S., Aure, P., Remaud, P., Halimi, J., Hadjadj, S., Couffinhal, T., Glonti, S., Metreveli, D., Lominadze, Z., Giorgadze, E., Burtchuladze, T., Javashvili, L., Kurashvili, G., Kurashvili, R., Virsaladze, D., Nadareishvili, L., Khomasuridze, A., Cahill, T., Green, F., MacRury, S., Waldron, M., Middleton, A., McKnight, J., Pearson, E., Butler, M., Choksi, M., Caldwell, I., Farmer, I., Wyatt, N., Patrick, J., O'Brien, I., Devers, M., Bousboulas, S., Pappas, S., Piaditis, G., Vryonidou, A., Tentolouris, N., Karamitsos, K., Manes, C., Benroubi, M., Avramidis, I., Ozaki, R., Tan, K., Siu, S., Tsang, C., Dudas, M., Nagy, K., Salamon, C., Ip, T., Geroo, L., Patkay, J., Tabak, A., Juhasz, F., Szentpeteri, I., Tamas, G., Ghaisas, N., Bantwal, G., Mohan, V., Gupta, J., Sadhu, N., Kulkarni, A., Garg, N., Reddy, S., Deshpande, N., Gutlapalli, K., Pillai, M., Premchand, R., Badgandi, M., Jain, S., Aravind, S., Shamanna, P., Pandey, A., Gupta, S., Pramono, B., Saksono, H. Dante, Agung, P., Wahono, S. Djoko, Suastika, K., Tanggo, Y., Juwana, Y., Siswanto, B., Adawi, F., Efrati, S., Mazen, E., Bashkin, A., Herskovits, T., Jaffe, A., Schiff, E., Wainstein, J., Taddei, S., Aiello, A., Arca, M., Calabro, P., Cignarelli, M., Fioretto, P., Reggiani, G. Marchesini, Gnasso, A., Marchionni, N., Marsilii, A., Bucci, M., Mezzetti, A., Pozzilli, P., Colivicchi, F., Santini, M., Moro, E., Toscano, V., Fucili, A., Semplicini, A., Monno, S., Furui, K., Higashiue, S., Hiramatsu, N., Kawamitsu, K., Takenaka, T., Takahashi, H., Hojo, F., Onishi, Y., Izumino, K., Okubo, M., Wakida, Y., Kondo, Y., Hieshima, K., Jinnouchi, H., Suzuki, A., Ito, M., Park, S., Kim, Y., Hong, T., Park, H., Gwon, H., Kim, H., Kang, K., Jeong, M., Seung, K., Lim, D., Rha, S., Tahk, S., Yang, J., Yoon, J., Shin, M., Kim, D., Jeong, J., Ahmad, N. Nik, Mustafa, N., Mohamed, W. Wan, Fung, Y., Ghani, R. Abdul, Chandramouli, A., Chee, K., Kadir, K. Abdul, Ling, K., Abu Hassan, M., Foo, S., Lee, S., Garcia Hernandez, P., Aguilar-Salinas, C., Vidrio Velazquez, M., Flores, F., Alpizar Salazar, M., Micher Escalante, D., Garcia Soria, M., Cardona Munoz, E., Storms, G., Schaper, N., Kooy, A., Krekels, M., van Bemmel, T., Verhoeven, R., Mulder, H., Oldenburg-Ligtenberg, P., Gonkel, F., de Jong, A., van Soest, J., Viergever, P., Mevissen, H., Lochorn, G., Zwiers, G., Hoogslag, P., Ronner, E., Nierop, P., Al-Windy, N., Kragten, J., Dekelver, P., Benatar, J., Krebs, J., Scott, R., Heggen, E., Berz, A., Fossum, C., Hurtig, U., Langslet, G., Baranowski, M., Sparby, J., Karlsson, T., Karlsson, Thomas, Delgado Torres, C., Rodriguez Escudero, A., Lisson, R., Allemant Maldonado, A., Gallardo Rojas, W., Gonzales Bravo, L., Lema Osores, J., Farfan, J., Zapata, L., Godoy Junchaya, J., Roldan Concha, Y., Urquiaga Calderon, J., Sy, R., Tan, G., Aquitania, G., De Los Santos, G., Panelo, A., Roderos, O., Rosales, R., Toledo, R., Liwag, A., Ramoncito, H., Skokowska, E., Krzyzagorska, E., Ogorek, M., Wojnowski, L., Spyra, J., Konieczny, M., Piesiewicz, W., Kus, W., Ocicka-Kozakiewicz, A., Orlowska-Kunikowska, E., Zmuda, W., Duarte, S., Leitao, A., Monteiro, P., Rita, H., Salgado, V., Pinto, L., Queiros, J., Teixeira, J., Rogado, C., Duarte, R., Sobral do Rosario, F., Silva, A., Andrade, L., Velez, M., Brazao, M., Istratoaie, O., Lichiardopol, R., Catrinoiu, D., Militaru, C., Zetu, C., Barbonta, D., Cosma, D., Crisan, C., Pop, L., Esip, V., Khetagurova, F., Petrov, A., Arutyunov, G., Boyarkin, M., Agafyina, A., Vorokhobina, N., Petunina, N., Libov, I., Zalevskaya, A., Nikolaev, K., Barbarash, O., Potemkin, V., Bystrova, A., Krasilnikova, E., Barbarich, V., Chumakova, G., Tarasov, N., Meleshkevich, T., Zateyshchikov, D., Lantseva, O., Belenkiy, D., Obrezan, A., Rossolko, L., Fillipova, E., Yakhontova, P., Khokhlov, A., Tan, R., Sum, C., Chang, H., Distiller, L., Pretorius, M., Nortje, H., Mitha, E., Burgess, L., Blignaut, S., Venter, T., Moodley, R., Lombaard, J., Govind, U., Naidoo, V., Mookadam, M., Engelbrecht, J., Omar, M., Jurgens, J., Podgorski, G., Vawda, H., Naidoo, D., Emanuel, S., Roodt, A., Amod, A., Van Zyl, L., Segura, J., Brito, M., Fernandez-Cruz, A., Artola, S., Iglesias, R., Toural, E., Garcia-Ortiz, L., Saban, J., Mesa, J., Vidal, J., Linares, J., del Canizo, F., Rigla, M., Suarez, C., Llorente, I., Moreno, B., Antoli, A., Gomez Peralta, F., Iglesias, M., Pereg, V., de Teresa, L., Camafort, M., Trescoli, C., Satarasinghe, R., Somasundaram, N., Siyambalapitiya, S., Antonypillai, C., Bulugahapitiya, D., Medagama, U., Huang, C., Lu, Y., Hwang, J., Chiang, C., Wen, M., Chen, J., Lai, W., Chang, K., Wang, J., Yeh, H., Kriangsak, P., Deerochanawong, C., Suwanwalaikorn, S., Mangklabruks, A., Kaewsuwanna, P., Piyayotai, D., Iabluchanskyi, M., Samoylov, O., Godlevska, O., Kovalyova, O., Voloshyna, O., Tseluyko, V., Zotov, S., Vykhovanyuk, I., Dulgeroff, A., Mayfield, R., Zaniewski-Singh, M., Ullal, J., Aloi, J., De La Rosa, R., Mosely, J., Wittmer, B., Aronoff, S., Rosenfeld, J., Seidner, M., Warren, M., Fishman, N., Weiss, R., Arif, A., Sandberg, M., Lewis, D., Ball, E., Graf, R., Breton, C., Tamayo, R., Richards, R., Cefalu, W., Uwaifo, G., Zayour, D., Hoffman, J., Fitz-Patrick, D., Khan, B., Blaze, K., Bressler, P., Halpern, S., Chappell, D., Bergenstal, R., Cuddihy, R., Matfin, G., Freedman, Z., Gonzalez-Campoy, J., Lerman, S., Rendell, M., Sitar, S., Reeves, M., Howard, T., Soufer, J., Miranda-Palma, B., Laliotis, A., Shomali, M., Teltser, M., Hurley, D., Morawski, E., Cherlin, R., Houchin, V., Welch, M., Goytia-Leos, D., Syed, M., Kowaloff, E., Weinrauch, L., Peniston, J., Brockmyre, A., First, B., Feld, L., Huffman, D., Nassim, O., Gottschlich, G., Patel, A., Knopke, C., Hernandez, M., Diaz, J., Giugliano, G., Nicasio, J., Eagerton, D., Huntley, R., Reed, J., III, Magee, M., Hippert, R., Sofley, C., Jr., Alzohaili, O., Levins, P., Anspach, R., Shah, S., Brusco, O., Naidu, J., Lindenbaum, J., Jacks, R., Hammond, G., Arena, C., Saxman, K., Mach, M., Kerstein, H., Kereiakes, D., Wahlen, J., Wehmeier, K., Chaykin, L., Rothman, J., Fogelfeld, L., Stroger, John H., Jr., Bittar, N., Rosenstock, J., Kayne, D., Navarro, J., Colfer, H., Mokshagundam, S., Shandilya, L., Connery, L., Wysham, C., Dela Llana, A., Jardula, M., MacAdams, M., Flippo, G., Heurich, E., Curtis, C., Sanders, D., Rawls, R., Velazquez, F., Osea, E., Mahood, K., Feldman, G., Eder, F., Riley, E., Fowler, W., Jain, M., Shepard, M., Schear, M., Barker, B., Strout, C., Obiekwe, O., Shanik, M., Green, C., Blakney, E., Roberson, K., Bretton, E., Pish, R., Kaveh, K., Maynard, B., Barager, W., Soldyshev, R., Austin, B., Parmar, P., Simpson, R., Chauhan, A., Kasper, J., Burr, R., Patel, N., Mariano, H., Pluto, T., Bratcher, C., Juarez, M., Levinson, L., Awad, A., Longshaw, K., Hoffman, K., Richwine, R., Molter, D., Boscia, J., III, Kowalyk, S., Lemis, P., Liss, J., Orr, R., Riser, J., Wood, J., Ubani, A., Paine, W., Hassani, F., Miranda, F., Hansen, V., Hansen, Val R., Farris, N., Bowden, R., Ajani, D., Maw, K., Andersen, J., Bergman, B., Dunmyer, S., Brandon, D., Anderson, M., Bononi, P., Prawer, J., Seidman, B., Cruz, H., Wilks, K., DiSanto, L., Buynak, R., Christensen, T., Denker, P., Koppel, W., Stedman, M., Lewy-Alterbaum, L., Karim, S., Shapiro, J., Gardner, T., Oskin, T., Gabra, N., Malano, J., EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial, and EMPA-REG OUTCOME(R) trial investigators

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems, Aha Fasttrack, BLOOD-PRESSURE, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Cardiovascular disease, Hospitalization, Mortality, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, COLLABORATION, GUIDELINES, DOUBLE-BLIND, MELLITUS, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Empagliflozin, Medicine, ddc:610, Adverse effect, Science & Technology, COTRANSPORTER 2 INHIBITION, business.industry, MORTALITY, Hazard ratio, Heart Failure/Cardiomyopathy, medicine.disease, INSULIN, Editor's Choice, Endocrinology, Blood pressure, DISEASES, SAFETY, Heart failure, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, Number needed to treat, Cardiology, Fast Track, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

Aims We previously reported that in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME(R) trial, empagliflozin added to standard of care reduced the risk of 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events, cardiovascular and all-cause death, and hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk. We have now further investigated heart failure outcomes in all patients and in subgroups, including patients with or without baseline heart failure. Methods and results Patients were randomized to receive empagliflozin 10 mg, empagliflozin 25 mg, or placebo. Seven thousand and twenty patients were treated; 706 (10.1%) had heart failure at baseline. Heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death occurred in a significantly lower percentage of patients treated with empagliflozin [265/4687 patients (5.7%)] than with placebo [198/2333 patients (8.5%)] [hazard ratio, HR: 0.66 (95% confidence interval: 0.55-0.79); P < 0.001], corresponding to a number needed to treat to prevent one heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death of 35 over 3 years. Consistent effects of empagliflozin were observed across subgroups defined by baseline characteristics, including patients with vs. without heart failure, and across categories of medications to treat diabetes and/or heart failure. Empagliflozin improved other heart failure outcomes, including hospitalization for or death from heart failure [2.8 vs. 4.5%; HR: 0.61 (0.47-0.79); P < 0.001] and was associated with a reduction in all-cause hospitalization [36.8 vs. 39.6%; HR: 0.89 (0.82-0.96); P = 0.003]. Serious adverse events and adverse events leading to discontinuation were reported by a higher proportion of patients with vs. without heart failure at baseline in both treatment groups, but were no more common with empagliflozin than with placebo. Conclusion In patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk, empagliflozin reduced heart failure hospitalization and cardiovascular death, with a consistent benefit in patients with and without baseline heart failure., This work was supported by Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly and Company. Boehringer Ingelheim was involved in the design and conduct of the study; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; and preparation of this manuscript. Eli Lilly's involvement was limited to co-funding of the study. Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by Boehringer Ingelheim.

Published
2016

16. Study on the formulation of green/eco thick film piezo resistive paste for strain gauge application

Author

Govind Umarji, Shweta Jagtap, and Sunit Rane

Subjects
RuO2, Piezo resistor, Thick film, Lead-free glass frit, Gauge factor, Technology
Abstract

Thick film piezo resistors, such as strain gauges fabricated using screen printing technology, are widely used for pressure-sensing applications. This paper reports the study of RuO2-based piezoresistive pastes formulation using lead-free glass frits for their potential application for strain gauges. Thermal analysis (TG/DTA) of the prepared glass frit and piezo resistor paste composition was performed to understand the thermal behavior of the paste and the glass transition temperature of the glass frit. The XRD patterns of the films revealed no variation in the conductive phase concentration concerning the firing temperature. SEM analysis of the glass frit powders and the RuO2 powder show submicron-sized agglomerated particles. Electrical measurements showed that the samples fired at 750 ​°C have high gauge factor values (GFL ​= ​18.08, GFT= 12.50), indicating that this is the most suitable firing temperature to achieve the high gauge factor in the present study.

Published
2023
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18. Commentary: No simple and absolute ethical rule exists for every conceivable situation

Author

Seedat, Y K, primary, Seedat, Y K, additional, Adhlkari, M, additional, Cassimjee, M H, additional, Gathiram, V, additional, Jogessar, V B, additional, Moodley, J, additional, Pudifin, D J, additional, Robbs, J V, additional, Thomson, S R, additional, van Dellen, J R, additional, Barker, E M, additional, Downes, S, additional, Gcaba, R, additional, McQuoid-Mason, D J, additional, de Haas, M E, additional, and Govind, U, additional

Published
1997
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19. Sub-Doppler laser cooling of $^{39}$K via the 4S$\to$5P transition

Author

Govind Unnikrishnan, Michael Gröbner, Hanns-Christoph Nägerl

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We demonstrate sub-Doppler laser cooling of $ ^{39} $K using degenerate Raman sideband cooling via the 4S$_{1/2} \rightarrow $5P$ _{1/2} $ transition at 404.8 nm. By using an optical lattice in combination with a magnetic field and optical pumping beams, we obtain a spin-polarized sample of up to $5.6 \times 10^{7}$ atoms cooled down to a sub-Doppler temperature of 4 $\mu $K, reaching a peak density of $3.9 \times 10^{9}$ atoms/cm$ ^{3} $, a phase-space density greater than $ 10^{-5} $, and an average vibrational level of $ \langle \nu \rangle=0.6 $ in the lattice. This work opens up the possibility of implementing a single-site imaging scheme in a far-detuned optical lattice utilizing shorter wavelength transitions in alkali atoms, thus allowing improved spatial resolution.

Published
2019
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20. In-situ fabrication of cobalt oxide / sulphide mixed phase nanoparticles in Polyphenylenesulphide matrix

Author

Narendra Rumale, Shital Shinde, Sudhir Arbuj, Govind Umarji, Manish Shinde, Uttamrao Mulik, Dinesh P. Amalnerkar, and Anuj Pokle

Subjects
Polymers, nanocomposites, cobalt sulphide /oxide, solid-solid reaction, Chemical engineering, TP155-156
Abstract

A novel approach for the in-situ fabrication of combined cobalt oxide / sulphide nanoparticles in sulphur containing polymer polyphenylenesulphide (PPS) by polymer inorganic solid-solid reaction technique is reported here. At present, there is considerable interest in polymer-metal chalcogenides / oxides based nano-composites on account of their optical, magnetic, electronic and catalytic properties. We have demonstrated the suitability of solid-solid reaction methodology by reacting commonly available cobalt precursors with engineering thermoplastic PPS. The cobalt precursor was reacted with PPS in 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, and 1:15 molar ratios, respectively, by heating the mixture at the melting temperature of the polymer (285 ºC) for six hours. The resultant products were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) techniques and High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The shift in melting temperature of PPS was observed. Increase in absorption peak is observed in the range of 320 to 370 nm with the increase in PPS concentration. Resultant nanoparticles of cobalt sulphide and cobalt oxide embedded in the PPS matrix showed spherical and distorted rod like morphology.

Published
2013

21. Politics and ethics: Should the twain never meet?

Author

Sathar, M. A. and Govind, U.

Subjects
ONCOLOGISTS, MEDICAL care, MEDICAL scientists
Abstract

The manner in which the 'case' against Professor Cyril Karabus, a South African paediatric oncologist, was conducted in the United Arab Emirates was a travesty of justice. It drew not only worldwide protests and condemnation, but also public commentary that questioned the ethical conduct of medical doctors and healthcare organisations which boycotted the African Health Conference, in a matter some considered to be purely political. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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22. A fixed combination of metoprolol and chlorthalidone in hypertension. A clinical trial in general practice.

Author

Govind U, Munro BF, and Robertson LI

Subjects
Adult, Blood Pressure drug effects, Body Weight drug effects, Clinical Trials as Topic, Drug Combinations, Fundus Oculi drug effects, Humans, Male, Metoprolol adverse effects, Middle Aged, Potassium blood, Pulse drug effects, Chlorthalidone administration & dosage, Hypertension drug therapy, Metoprolol administration & dosage, Propanolamines administration & dosage
Abstract

Seventy-one patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension completed 14 weeks' treatment with a single daily dose of fixed combination of metoprolol tartrate 100 mg and chlorthalidone 25 mg (Logroton; Geigy). This represents 6958 patient-days of treatment. Mean blood pressures, both supine and standing, and pulse rates were reduced to and maintained at clinically acceptable levels during the trial period. No patient prematurely discontinued treatment because of insufficient therapeutic effect. Two patients discontinued the medication for drug-related reasons. Patient compliance was excellent and the preparation was well tolerated. The preparation was judged to be therapeutically effective in more than 80% of cases and is a valuable formulation for antihypertensive therapy.

Published
1981

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