Search

Your search keyword '"Goulding, Mark"' showing total 44 results
Start Over Author "Goulding, Mark"
44 results on '"Goulding, Mark"'

1. Discovering synthesis targets: general discussion.

Author

Anker, Andy S., Aspuru-Guzik, Alán, Bechtel, Tim, Bigi, Filippo, Briling, Ksenia R., Das, Basita, David, Nicholas, Day, Graeme M., Deringer, Volker L., Dyer, Matthew, Eardley-Brunt, Annabel, Evans, Matthew L., Evans, Rob, Franklin, Barnabas A., Ganose, Alex M., George, Janine, Goulding, Mark, Hickey, Niamh, James, Gillian, and Kalikadien, Adarsh V.

Abstract

The Faraday Discussions article delves into the collaborative discovery of synthesis targets in materials science through neural fingerprints and machine learning models. It emphasizes the importance of incorporating human intuition and domain-specific knowledge into automated systems for more accurate results. Challenges such as the continuous nature of chemical space and defining novelty in materials discovery are explored, along with the potential for extending the approach to capture defects in materials. The text also discusses the significance of transparent and reproducible research practices, sharing unsuccessful experiments, and integrating human intuition into machine learning models for future advancements in the field. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2025
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Novel nematic and chiral nematic liquid crystalline materials for use in applications

Author

Goulding, Mark John

Subjects
547, Organic chemistry
Abstract

The design, synthesis and characterisation of novel liquid crystal materials for emerging applications presents many challenges. The physical property parameters become ever more stringent and corresponding exceptional property liquid crystalline compounds are required. Two topics have been researched; high birefringence (Δn), high photo and chemical stability nematic materials for PDLC/AMD use and chiral nematic (N*) photopolymerisable compounds for polymer network formation. Many materials were designed, synthesised and characterised for each application and materials were found that were very suitable for each application. Materials for PDLC/AMD use, should be low melting, high Δn nematogens. Additionally, these materials should possess a high degree of chemical and photostability. The synthesis and characterisation of compounds containing N-heterocyclic rings, naphthalene rings or lateral fluorosubstituted p-terphenyl moieties in combination with different endgroups is described. The study demonstrated that N-heterocyclic rings produce a high Δn but are not sufficiently photochemically stable. 2,6-naphthalene containing terminal chloro substituted compounds were shown to have high Δn and high stability but also had high melting points. Lateral fluoro substituted, alkyl p-terphenyls with fluoro, chloro, thiomethyl and methoxy had low melting points, broad nematic mesophases and high stability and were very suitable for PDLC/AMD use. The study of N* photopolymerisable compounds for polymer network formation examines the design, synthesis and characterisation of both mono and diacrylates, monoepoxides and monovinylethers in combination with a range of chiral centres. The (S)-(+)-2-methylbutyl group when in combination with various mesogenic cores was found to be very useful as the chiral portion in low melting point enantiotropic N* monoacrylates, monoepoxides and monovinylethers. These compounds were also found to be eminently suitable for the formation of binary mixtures with nematic diacrylates, divinylethers and diepoxides. These mixtures showed visible wavelength selective reflection and could be photopolymerised into coloured chiral polymer network films.

Published
1995

4. 47-3: High Efficiency and High PPI AMOLED with Cavity Tuned by Inkjet Printed Hole Injection Layer

Author

Lee, Meng-Ting, primary, Lu, Kun-Ta, additional, Chen, Yi-Hong, additional, Lin, Kuan-Heng, additional, Chen, Wen-Pin, additional, Chen, Tsu-Wei, additional, Chen, Kuo-Kuang, additional, Lu, Hsueh-Hsing, additional, Lin, Yu-Hsin, additional, Walker, Daniel, additional, Creally, Matthew, additional, Béalle, Gaëlle, additional, Wang, Hsing-Ju, additional, Tseng, Hsin-Rong, additional, Goulding, Mark, additional, Boehm, Edgar, additional, and Buchholz, Herwig, additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Self-assembly of poly(lauryl methacrylate)-b-poly(benzyl methacrylate) nano-objects synthesised by ATRP and their temperature-responsive dispersion properties

Author

Obeng, Melody, Milani, Amir H., Musa, Muhamad S., Cui, Zhengxing, Fielding, Lee A., Farrand, Louise, Goulding, Mark, and Saunders, Brian R.

Subjects
Chemistry(all), Condensed Matter Physics
Abstract

Self-assembling poly(lauryl methacrylate)-b-poly(benzyl methacrylate) (PLMAx-PBzMAy) diblock copolymers were synthesised for the first time using solution atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP). The PLMA degree of polymerisation (x) was fixed at 14 and the PBzMA degree of polymerisation (y) was varied from 34 to 74. Post-polymerisation transfer of this new series of diblock copolymers from chloroform into n-dodecane (a poor solvent for PBzMA) resulted in self-assembly of polymeric nano-objects. The morphologies for the latter (spheres, worms and vesicles) were controlled by y. The observed morphologies generally agreed with those reported for related PLMAx-PBzMAy diblock copolymers (x ≥ 16) prepared by polymerisation induced self-assembly (PISA) via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisation (Fielding et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2014, 136, 5790). However, a number of differences were observed such as de-gelation behaviour and the phase boundary positions compared to those expected from Fielding et al. Variable-temperature dynamic light scattering studies for the PLMA14-PBzMA34 spheres revealed that the aggregation number was unaffected by a temperature increase over the range of 20-90 °C, which differed markedly from the behaviour observed for PLMA14-PBzMA64 worms. This difference is a new observation with mechanistic importance for the worm-to-sphere breakdown mechanism. We show that concentrated PLMA14-PBzMAy dispersions (20% w/w) in n-dodecane can be prepared using post-polymerisation transfer. The dispersion with a mixed spherical and worm-like copolymer phase exhibited reversible de-gelation when heated. Surprisingly, the dispersions containing only the worm phase remained as gels (which were white) at temperatures up to 90 °C. Our new ATRP approach for preparing temperature-responsive non-aqueous nano-object dispersions presented here decoupled chain growth and self-assembly and will apply to other copolymer dispersions.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Charging Dynamics of Aerosol OT Inverse Micelles

Author

Karvar, Masoumeh, Strubbe, Filip, Beunis, Filip, Kemp, Roger, Smith, Nathan, Goulding, Mark, Neyts, Kristiaan, Karvar, Masoumeh, Strubbe, Filip, Beunis, Filip, Kemp, Roger, Smith, Nathan, Goulding, Mark, and Neyts, Kristiaan

Abstract

Aerosol OT (AOT) is a commonly used surfactant and charging agent in nonpolar liquids. Properties such as the conductivity of AOT suspensions in nonpolar liquids and the behavior of charged AOT inverse micelles at interfaces have been studied recently, but still little is known about the generation dynamics of charged AOT inverse micelles. In this article, the generation dynamics of charged AOT inverse micelles in dodecane are investigated with transient current measurements. At low applied voltages, the generation rate is sufficiently fast to maintain the equilibrium concentration of charged inverse micelles, such that the current scales proportionally with the applied voltage. However, above a threshold voltage the current becomes limited by the generation of charged inverse micelles. Al2O3-coated electrodes are used to achieve these high-voltage current measurements while reducing surface generation currents. The dependency of the resulting generation-limited currents with the micelle concentration and the liquid volume is compatible with a bulk disproportionation mechanism. The measured currents are analyzed using a model based on drift, generation, and recombination of charged inverse micelles and the corresponding generation and recombination rates of charged AOT inverse micelles have been determined. © 2015 American Chemical Society.

Published
2015

12. Investigation of various types of inverse micelles in nonpolar liquids using transient current measurements

Author

Karvar, Masoumeh, Strubbe, Filip, Beunis, Filip, Kemp, Roger, Smith, Nathan, Goulding, Mark, Neyts, Kristiaan, Karvar, Masoumeh, Strubbe, Filip, Beunis, Filip, Kemp, Roger, Smith, Nathan, Goulding, Mark, and Neyts, Kristiaan

Abstract

Transient current measurements are used to characterize a wide variety of charge carriers in nonpolar liquids. The transient current method allows us to obtain both the concentration and mobility of charge carriers and therefore also the hydrodynamic radius using Stokes’ law. In this article, five different surfactants in dodecane are investigated: OLOA11K, Solsperse13940, Span80, Span85, and AOT. We show that different types of currents are observed depending on the size of the inverse micelles. For large inverse micelles such as for OLOA11K, Solsperse13940, and Span80, the measurement of the transient current is straightforward because of the low steady-state current level. However, for small inverse micelles such as AOT and Span85, the current from the generation of charges is much larger such that high voltages, a small distance between the electrodes, and dielectric coatings on the electrodes are required to measure the signal related to the initially present charged inverse micelles. The estimated hydrodynamic radii of AOT and Span85, the two smallest inverse micelles, are in good agreement with the values reported in the literature. The comparison of the transient currents with simulations indicates that the dynamics of the charge transport are well-understood.

Published
2014

17. Aerosol OT inverse micelles dynamics in nonpolar liquid

Author

Karvar, Masoumeh, Strubbe, Filip, Beunis, Filip, Kemp, Roger, Smith, Ashley, Goulding, Mark, Neyts, Kristiaan, Karvar, Masoumeh, Strubbe, Filip, Beunis, Filip, Kemp, Roger, Smith, Ashley, Goulding, Mark, and Neyts, Kristiaan

Published
2011

18. Transport of charged aerosol OT inverse micelles in nonpolar liquids

Author

Karvar, Masoumeh, Strubbe, Filip, Beunis, Filip, Kemp, Roger, Smith, Ashley, Goulding, Mark, Neyts, Kristiaan, Karvar, Masoumeh, Strubbe, Filip, Beunis, Filip, Kemp, Roger, Smith, Ashley, Goulding, Mark, and Neyts, Kristiaan

Abstract

Surfactants such as Aerosol OT (AOT) are commonly used to stabilize and electrically charge nonpolar colloids in devices such as electronic ink displays. The electrical behavior of such devices is strongly influenced by the presence of charged inverse micelles, formed by excess surfactant that does not cover the particles. The presence of charged inverse micelles results in increased conductivity of the solution, affecting both the energy consumption of the device and its switching characteristics. In this work, we use transient current measurements to investigate the electrical properties of suspensions of the surfactant Aerosol OT in dodecane. No particles are added, to isolate the effect of excess surfactant. The measured currents upon application of a voltage step are found to be exponentially decaying, and can be described by an analytical model based on an equivalent electric circuit. This behavior is physically interpreted, first by the high generation rate of charged inverse micelles giving the suspension resistor like properties, and second by the buildup of layers of charged inverse micelles at both electrodes, acting as capacitors. The model explains the measurements over a large range of surfactant concentrations, applied voltages, and device thicknesses. © 2011 American Chemical Society.

Published
2011

24. 40.1: Invited Paper: Dyed Polymeric Microparticles for Colour Rendering in Electrophoretic Displays

Author

Goulding, Mark, primary, Farrand, Louise, additional, Smith, Ashley, additional, Greinert, Nils, additional, Wilson, Henry, additional, Topping, Claire, additional, Kemp, Roger, additional, Markham, Emily, additional, James, Mark, additional, Canisius, Johannes, additional, Walker, Dan, additional, Vidal, Richard, additional, Khoukh, Sihame, additional, Lee, Seung-Eun, additional, and Lee, Hee-Kyu, additional

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. 23.1: Invited Paper: Colloidal Dispersion Materials for Electrophoretic Displays and Beyond.

Author

Goulding, Mark, Smith, Nathan, Farrand, Louise, Topping, Claire, Norman, Sarah, Sauter, Annabelle, Cooper, Guy, Jin, Heui Seok, and Lee, Ji Young

Subjects
ELECTROPHORETIC displays, ELECTRONIC paper, INFORMATION display systems, ENERGY consumption, DIGITAL signage
Abstract

Electrophoretic-based (EP) technology is a leading option for black & white reflective display media, notably for e-Readers. There is great future potential to extend electrophoretic and other colloidal dispersion based displays into a range of new application fields, such as digital signage, wearable displays and 'smart windows'. These new applications require novel particle and fluid concepts, which present many materials design challenges; especially bright colour, image stability and ultra low power consumption. The paper will discuss the state of the art and present new materials for a range of pixel architectures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. A star service from Alde

Author

Goulding, Mark

Subjects
Travel, recreation and leisure
Abstract

I've recently purchased a secondhand 2010 Dethleffs Advantage motorhome, which is fitted with the Alde 3010 heating system. Once we got the 'van we had problems with the heating, and [...]

Published
2013

33. 59.4L: Late-News Paper: The Biprimary Color System for E-Paper: Doubling Color Performance Compared to RGBW.

Author

Mukherjee, Sayantika, Heikenfeld, Jason, Smith, Nathan, Goulding, Mark, Topping, Claire, Norman, Sarah, Liu, Qin, and Kramer, Laura

Subjects
ELECTROKINETICS, ELECTRODYNAMICS, ELECTROMAGNETIC fields, ELECTRIC double layer, ELECTRONIC paper
Abstract

We demonstrate the 'biprimary' color system with dual particle electrophoretic dispersions and a 3-electrode system. Preliminary contrast ratios reach 10:1. Furthermore an electrokinetic cell is demonstrated confirming basic functionality for EKD panels. A theoretical pixel simulation confirms biprimary doubles the color performance compared to RGBW pixels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

40. Parallel Synthesis of 4-alkyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl Liquid Crystals.

Author

Goulding, Mark, Adlem, Kevin, and Tanner, Richard

Subjects
*LIQUID chromatography, *LIQUID crystals, *GAS chromatography, *MASS spectrometry, *CRYSTALS, *HIGH pressure (Science)
Abstract

In the search for novel nematic liquid crystal materials for display applications, it is common to investigate several different alkyl chain homologues of a particular core structure. It is sometimes possible to develop a synthetic pathway that allows homologous variation in the ultimate step, but the majority of published methods for liquid crystal synthesis begin from an alkyl chain containing intermediate. This results in a separate pathway for each homologue. A “one-pot” technique has been developed for the parallel synthesis of up to five homologues of a given core structure, exemplified by “the 4-alkyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl series, together with their isolation in gram quantities and high purity by preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The technique demonstrates that it is possible to identify and monitor each intermediate throughout the synthetic pathway, using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. It is also shown that there are no substantive losses in yield for any homologue throughout the pathway. It is concluded that this technique is a viable method for the synthesis of novel liquid crystal materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. IMPROVED LIQUID CRYSTAL MIXTURES FOR STN DISPLAYS.

Author

Francis, Matthew, Ionescu, Doina, Goulding, Mark, Adlem, Kevin, Rieger, Bernhard, Hirschmann, Harald, Reiffenrath, Volker, and Kojima, Akihiro

Subjects
LIQUID crystal displays, LIQUID crystals, MOBILE communication systems, POCKET computers, WIRELESS communications, INFORMATION display systems
Abstract

Supertwisted nematic (STN) liquid crystal displays remain a leading technology for mobile communications applications, personal digital assistants (PDA) and personal convergence devices. Higher demands on display information content place ever increasing demands on the physical parameters of the liquid crystal mixture. To satisfy current and future display requirements, it is necessary to develop mixtures showing: Fast response times achieved by rotational viscosity reduction and birefringence increase. Small temperature dependence of the operating voltage (dV=dT), especially at low temperatures. Small frequency dependence of the operating voltage (dV=df), necessary for multi-level greyscale operation. Improved steepness (V90=V10) of the electro-optical curve to enable higher duty multiplexing of the display. In order to fulfil these requirements, liquid crystal mixtures with improved physical properties were developed. Examples of these mixtures are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Discovering structure-property correlations: general discussion.

Author

Anker AS, Aspuru-Guzik A, Ben Mahmoud C, Bennett S, Briling KR, Changiarath A, Chong S, Collins CM, Cooper AI, Crusius D, Darmawan KK, Das B, David N, Day GM, Deringer VL, Duarte F, Eardley-Brunt A, Evans ML, Evans R, Fairlamb I, Franklin BA, Frey J, Ganose AM, Goulding M, Hafizi R, Hakkennes M, Hickey N, James G, Jelfs KE, Kalikadien AV, Kapil V, Koczor-Benda Z, Krammer F, Kulik HJ, Kumar V, Kuttner C, Lam E, Lou Y, Mante E, Martin J, Mroz AM, Nematiaram T, Pare CWP, Patra S, Proudfoot J, Ruscic B, Ryder MR, Sakaushi K, Saßmannshausen J, Savoie BM, Schneider N, Schwaller P, Skjelstad BB, Sun W, Szczypiński FT, Torrisi S, Ueltzen K, Vishnoi S, Walsh A, Wang X, Wilson C, Wu R, and Zeitler J

Published
2025
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Discovering chemical structure: general discussion.

Author

Aspuru-Guzik A, Bechtel T, Bernales V, Biggin PC, Bigi F, Borges I Jr, Briling KR, Cheung J, Collins CM, Darmawan KK, David N, Day GM, Deringer VL, Draxl C, Dyer M, Eardley-Brunt A, Evans R, Fairlamb I, Franklin BA, George J, Goulding M, Grundy J, Hafizi R, Hakkennes M, Hickey N, James G, Juraskova V, Kalikadien AV, Kapil V, Kulik HJ, Kumar V, Kuttner C, Lederbauer M, Lou Y, Mante E, Marsh L, Martin J, Middleton C, Nematiaram T, Pare CWP, Pasca B, Pickard CJ, Ruscic B, Ryder MR, Savoie BM, Sun W, Szczypiński FT, Taniguchi T, Torrisi S, Vishnoi S, Walsh A, and Wang S

Published
2025
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results