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3. Proteomic Profiling of Hypoplastic Lungs Suggests an Underlying Inflammatory Response in the Pathogenesis of Abnormal Lung Development in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Author

Wagner, Richard, Lieckfeldt, Paula, Piyadasa, Hadeesha, Markel, Moritz, Riedel, Jan, Stefanovici, Camelia, Peukert, Nicole, Patel, Daywin, Derraugh, Gabrielle, Min, Suyin A Lum, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, Deprest, Jan, Pascoe, Christopher D., Tse, Wai Hei, Lacher, Martin, Mookherjee, Neeloffer, and Keijzer, Richard

Published
2023
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7. Traumatologie und Notfälle

Author

Zimmermann, Peter, Nelson, Jana, Mayer, Steffi, Lehner, Markus, Hoffmann, Florian, Hirsch, Franz Wolfgang, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, Sorge, Ina, Lacher, Martin, Lacher, Martin, editor, Hoffmann, Florian, editor, and Mayer, Steffi, editor

Published
2020
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9. Proteomic Profiling of Hypoplastic Lungs Suggests an Underlying Inflammatory Response in the Pathogenesis of Abnormal Lung Development in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Author

Wagner, Richard, Lieckfeldt, Paula, Piyadasa, Hadeesha, Markel, Moritz, Riedel, Jan, Stefanovici, Camelia, Peukert, Nicole, Patel, Daywin, Derraugh, Gabrielle, Min, Suyin Lum, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, Deprest, Jan, Pascoe, Christopher D., Tse, Andrew, Lacher, Martin, Mookherjee, Neeloffer, and Keijzer, Richard

Published
2022
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11. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric Surgical Scientific Formats: An ERNICA Survey on Challenges and Future Directions.

Author

Aubert, Ophelia, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, Wijnen, René, Lacher, Martin, Ure, Benno, and Madadi-Sanjani, Omid

Subjects
*COVID-19 pandemic, *COVID-19, *PEDIATRIC surgeons
Abstract

Introduction The aims of this survey were to assess the experiences of the transition from in-person to virtual meetings among European pediatric surgeons since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to identify preferences for future formats. Materials and Methods An online questionnaire was circulated among members of the European Reference Network for rare Inherited and Congenital Anomalies Network (ERNICA) in 2022. Two time periods were compared (3 years before the COVID-19 pandemic vs. the year 2021). Results A total of 87 pediatric surgeons from 16 countries completed the survey. In addition, 27% of respondents were trainees/residents and 73% consultants/lead surgeons. Consultants participated in significantly more in-person congresses prior to the COVID-19 pandemic compared with trainees (5.2 vs. 1.9; p < 0.001). A significant increase in attendance of virtual meeting was reported during 2021 compared with pre-COVID-19 (1.4 vs. 6.7; p < 0.001). Consultants had experienced significantly less absenteeism thanks to virtual meetings compared with trainees (42/61 vs. 8/23; p < 0.05). Most surgeons considered virtual meetings more economic (82%), practical (78%), and family-friendly (66%). However, a majority reported missing social events (78%). The communication among attendees or between attendees and speakers or scientific faculty was deemed worse. A minority (14%) experienced equalized representation of trainees and consultants at virtual meetings. Most respondents (58%) agreed that future meeting strategies should focus on offering virtual formats. Regarding future congresses, respondents prefer hybrid (62%) over in-person (33%) or virtual (6%) formats. Conclusion According to European pediatric surgeons, virtual learning formats hold multiple advantages and should be continued. Improved technology must meet the challenges, particularly to enhance communication, equal representation, and networking between attendees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Overactivated Epithelial NF-κB Disrupts Lung Development in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Author

Dylong, Florentine, primary, Riedel, Jan, additional, Amonkar, Gaurang M., additional, Peukert, Nicole, additional, Lieckfeldt, Paula, additional, Sturm, Katinka, additional, Höxter, Benedikt, additional, Tse, Wai Hei, additional, Miyake, Yuichiro, additional, Moormann, Maria, additional, Bode, Lena Marie, additional, Mayer, Steffi, additional, Keijzer, Richard, additional, Lacher, Martin, additional, Ai, Xingbin, additional, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, additional, and Wagner, Richard, additional

Published
2023
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21. Overactivated epithelial NF-κB disrupts lung development in human and nitrofen CDH

Author

Dylong, Florentine, primary, Riedel, Jan, additional, Amonkar, Gaurang M., additional, Peukert, Nicole, additional, Lieckfeldt, Paula, additional, Sturm, Katinka, additional, Hoexter, Benedikt, additional, Tse, Wai Hei, additional, Miyake, Yuichiro, additional, Mayer, Steffi, additional, Keijzer, Richard, additional, Lacher, Martin, additional, Ai, Xingbin, additional, Gosemann, Jan Hendrik, additional, and Wagner, Richard, additional

Published
2023
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22. Appendiceal Carcinoids in Children–Prevalence, Treatment and Outcome in a Large Nationwide Pediatric Cohort

Author

Duess, Johannes Wolfgang, Lange, Ansgar, Zeidler, Jan, Blaser, Jochen, Dingemann, Carmen, Ure, Benno M., Lacher, Martin, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, Hofmann, Alejandro Daniel, Duess, Johannes Wolfgang, Lange, Ansgar, Zeidler, Jan, Blaser, Jochen, Dingemann, Carmen, Ure, Benno M., Lacher, Martin, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, and Hofmann, Alejandro Daniel

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Appendiceal carcinoids are rare neuroendocrine tumors and mainly found incidentally during histopathological examination following appendectomy. This observational cohort study was performed to determine the prevalence, treatment modalities and outcomes in children diagnosed with an appendiceal carcinoid tumor. Materials and Methods: Data from the largest German statutory health insurance “Techniker Krankenkasse” were analyzed within an 8-year period: January 2010 to December 2012 and January 2016 to December 2020. Patient characteristics, surgical technique, type of surgical department, diagnostic management, and postoperative morbidity were analyzed. Results: Out of 40.499 patients following appendectomy, appendiceal carcinoids were found in 44 children, resulting in a prevalence of 0.11%. Mean age at appendectomy was 14.7 (±2.6) years. Laparoscopic approach was performed in 40 (91%) cases. Right-sided hemicolectomy was performed in 8 (18%) patients. Additional diagnostic work-up (CT and MRI) was recorded in 5 (11%) children. Conclusions: This large nationwide pediatric study shows that 1 in 1000 patients was found to have a neuroendocrine tumor of the appendix (prevalence 0.11%), emphasizing its low prevalence in the pediatric age group. The majority of patients were treated with appendectomy only. However, treatment modalities are still variable. Longer follow-up analyses are needed to evaluate published guidelines and recommendations to aim for a limited surgical approach.

Published
2023

27. Rare and Complex Urology: Clinical Overview of ERN eUROGEN

Author

Oomen, Loes, Leijte, Erik, Shilhan, Darren E., Battye, Michelle, Feitz, Wout F.J., Waltregny, David, Van der Aa, Frank, Spinoit, Anne-Françoise, Rösch, Wolfgang H., Schmiedeke, Eberhard, Fisch, Margit, Märzheuser, Stefanie, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, Hubertus, Jochen, Rawashdeh, Yazan, Thorup, Jorgen, Heloury, Yves, Leva, Ernesto, Mancini, Mariangela, Bagolan, Pietro, Sacco, Emilio, Verkauskas, Gilvydas, Feitz, Wout, Sloots, Cornelius, Czauderna, Piotr, Mauricio, Maria, Holmdahl, Gundela, Abrahamsson, Kate, Thomas, Kay, Cardozo, Linda, Chapple, Christopher, Sangar, Vijay, Greenwell, Tamsin, Watkin, Nick, Bujons Tur, Anna, Lozano Ortega, Jose, Pérez-Valderrama, Maria Begoña, Gutierrez Baños, Jose, Garcia Aparicio, Luis, Lopez, Manuel, Romero Otero, Javier, Lopez Pereira, Pedro, Herranz Amo, Felipe, Oswald, Josef, Abols, Valts, Frobe, Ana, Judit Molnar, Maria, Goergen, Martine, Dalmas, Miriam, Lovrecic, Luca, and ERN eUROGEN, [missing]

Subjects
eUROGEN, European level, Health Personnel, Urology, education, 030232 urology & nephrology, European Reference Network, Disease, HYPOSPADIAS, Collaboration, Complex conditions, Rare, Rare diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, medicine, Humans, EPIDEMIOLOGY, In patient, Patient summary, Retrospective Studies, Data collection, Settore MED/24 - UROLOGIA, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Reconstructive and regenerative medicine Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 10], Data extraction, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Medical emergency, Diagnosis code, business
Abstract

Background: In 2017, the European Commission launched 24 European Reference Networks (ERNs). ERN eUROGEN is the network for urorectogenital diseases and complex conditions, and started with 29 full member healthcare providers (HCPs) in 11 countries. It then covered 19 different disease areas distributed over three work -streams (WSs). Objective: To provide an overview and identify challenges in data collection at European level of the ERN eUROGEN patient population treated by HCPs in the network. Design, setting, and participants: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of the 29 HCPs who were full members between 2013 and 2019. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Data were extracted from the original HCP applications and the ERN continuous monitoring system. Patient volumes, new patient numbers, and procedures were compared between different WSs, countries, and HCPs. Discrepancies between monitoring and application data were identified. Results and limitations: Between 2013 and 2019, 122 040 patients required long-term care within the 29 HCPs. The volume of patients treated and procedures undertaken per year increased over time. Large discrepancies were found between patient numbers contained in the application forms and those reported in the continuous monitoring system (0-1357% deviation). Conclusions: Patient numbers and procedures increased across ERN eUROGEN HCPs. Reliable data extraction appeared challenging, illustrated by the patient volume dis-crepancies between application forms and the continuous monitoring data. Improved disease definitions, re-evaluation of affiliated HCPs, and valid data extraction are needed for future improvements. Patient summary: We analysed the patient population with rare urorectogenital dis-eases or complex conditions within the ERN eUROGEN network between 2013 and 2019. Clinical activity was found to increase, but differences in patient numbers were evident between healthcare providers. In order to acquire valid patient numbers, both improved definitions of diagnostic codes and greater insight into the data-gathering process are required. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Association of Urology. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Published
2022

33. First genome-wide association study of esophageal atresia identifies three genetic risk loci at CTNNA3, FOXF1/FOXC2/FOXL1, and HNF1B

Author

Gehlen, Jan, Giel, Ann-Sophie, Koellges, Ricarda, Haas, Stephan L., Zhang, Rong, Trcka, Jiri, Sungur, Ayse O., Renziehausen, Florian, Bornholdt, Dorothea, Jung, Daphne, Hoyer, Paul D., Nordenskjold, Agneta, Tibboel, Dick, Vlot, John, Spaander, Manon C. W., Smigiel, Robert, Patkowski, Dariusz, Roeleveld, Nel, van Rooij, Iris Alm, de Blaauw, Ivo, Hoelscher, Alice, Pauly, Marcus, Leutner, Andreas, Fuchs, Joerg, Niethammer, Joel, Melissari, Maria-Theodora, Jenetzky, Ekkehart, Zwink, Nadine, Thiele, Holger, Hilger, Alina Christine, Hess, Timo, Trautmann, Jessica, Marks, Matthias, Baumgarten, Martin, Blaess, Gaby, Landen, Mikael, Fundin, Bengt, Bulik, Cynthia M., Pennimpede, Tracie, Ludwig, Michael, Ludwig, Kerstin U., Mangold, Elisabeth, Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie, Moebus, Susanne, Herrmann, Bernhard G., Alsabeah, Kristina, Burgos, Carmen M., Engstrand Lilja, Helene, Azodi, Sahar, Stenstrom, Pernilla, Arnbjornsson, Einar, Frybova, Barbora, Lebensztejn, Dariusz M., Debek, Wojciech, Kolodziejczyk, Elwira, Kozera, Katarzyna, Kierkus, Jaroslaw, Kalicinski, Piotr, Stefanowicz, Marek, Socha-Banasiak, Anna, Kolejwa, Michal, Piaseczna-Piotrowska, Anna, Czkwianianc, Elzbieta, Noethen, Markus M., Grote, Phillip, Rygl, Michal, Reinshagen, Konrad, Spychalski, Nicole, Ludwikowski, Barbara, Hubertus, Jochen, Heydweiller, Andreas, Ure, Benno, Muensterer, Oliver J., Aubert, Ophelia, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, Lacher, Martin, Degenhardt, Petra, Boemers, Thomas M., Mokrowiecka, Anna, Malecka-Panas, Ewa, Woehr, Markus, Knapp, Michael, Seitz, Guido, de Klein, Annelies, Oracz, Grzegorz, Brosens, Erwin, Reutter, Heiko, Schumacher, Johannes, Gehlen, Jan, Giel, Ann-Sophie, Koellges, Ricarda, Haas, Stephan L., Zhang, Rong, Trcka, Jiri, Sungur, Ayse O., Renziehausen, Florian, Bornholdt, Dorothea, Jung, Daphne, Hoyer, Paul D., Nordenskjold, Agneta, Tibboel, Dick, Vlot, John, Spaander, Manon C. W., Smigiel, Robert, Patkowski, Dariusz, Roeleveld, Nel, van Rooij, Iris Alm, de Blaauw, Ivo, Hoelscher, Alice, Pauly, Marcus, Leutner, Andreas, Fuchs, Joerg, Niethammer, Joel, Melissari, Maria-Theodora, Jenetzky, Ekkehart, Zwink, Nadine, Thiele, Holger, Hilger, Alina Christine, Hess, Timo, Trautmann, Jessica, Marks, Matthias, Baumgarten, Martin, Blaess, Gaby, Landen, Mikael, Fundin, Bengt, Bulik, Cynthia M., Pennimpede, Tracie, Ludwig, Michael, Ludwig, Kerstin U., Mangold, Elisabeth, Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie, Moebus, Susanne, Herrmann, Bernhard G., Alsabeah, Kristina, Burgos, Carmen M., Engstrand Lilja, Helene, Azodi, Sahar, Stenstrom, Pernilla, Arnbjornsson, Einar, Frybova, Barbora, Lebensztejn, Dariusz M., Debek, Wojciech, Kolodziejczyk, Elwira, Kozera, Katarzyna, Kierkus, Jaroslaw, Kalicinski, Piotr, Stefanowicz, Marek, Socha-Banasiak, Anna, Kolejwa, Michal, Piaseczna-Piotrowska, Anna, Czkwianianc, Elzbieta, Noethen, Markus M., Grote, Phillip, Rygl, Michal, Reinshagen, Konrad, Spychalski, Nicole, Ludwikowski, Barbara, Hubertus, Jochen, Heydweiller, Andreas, Ure, Benno, Muensterer, Oliver J., Aubert, Ophelia, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, Lacher, Martin, Degenhardt, Petra, Boemers, Thomas M., Mokrowiecka, Anna, Malecka-Panas, Ewa, Woehr, Markus, Knapp, Michael, Seitz, Guido, de Klein, Annelies, Oracz, Grzegorz, Brosens, Erwin, Reutter, Heiko, and Schumacher, Johannes

Abstract

Esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF) is the most common congenital malformation of the upper digestive tract. This study represents the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify risk loci for EA/TEF. We used a European case-control sample comprising 764 EA/TEF patients and 5,778 controls and observed genome-wide significant associations at three loci. On chromosome 10q21 within the gene CTNNA3 (p = 2.11 x 10(-8); odds ratio [OR] = 3.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.10-5.00), on chromosome 16q24 next to the FOX gene cluster (p = 2.25 x 10(-10); OR = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.38-1.55) and on chromosome 17q12 next to the gene HNF1B (p = 3.35 x 10(-16); OR = 1.75; 95% CI, 1.64-1.87). We next carried out an esophageal/tracheal transcriptome profiling in rat embryos at four selected embryonic time points. Based on these data and on already published data, the implicated genes at all three GWAS loci are promising candidates for EA/TEF development. We also analyzed the genetic EA/TEF architecture beyond the single marker level, which revealed an estimated single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability of around 37% +/- 14% standard deviation. In addition, we examined the polygenicity of EA/TEF and found that EA/TEF is less polygenic than other complex genetic diseases. In conclusion, the results of our study contribute to a better understanding on the underlying genetic architecture of ET/TEF with the identification of three risk loci and candidate genes.

Published
2022
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34. Global Development of Research on Anorectal Malformations over the Last Five Decades: A Bibliometric Analysis

Author

Martynov, Illya, Feng, Xiaoyan, Duess, Johannes W., Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, Lacher, Martin, Mayer, Steffi, Martynov, Illya, Feng, Xiaoyan, Duess, Johannes W., Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, Lacher, Martin, and Mayer, Steffi

Abstract

Purpose: Anorectal malformations (ARM) are one of the most challenging congenital malformations in pediatric surgery. We aimed to assess the research activity on ARM over the last five decades. Methods: Data on original research publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (1970–2020), and analyzed for countries, authors, scientific journals, and top-ten papers. Scientific quantity was assessed by the number of publications. Research quality was estimated from the number of citations, average citation rate per item (ACI), and h-index. Results: A total number of 1595 articles with 19,419 citations (ACI = 12.2; h-index = 54) were identified. The annual number of publications and citations significantly increased over time (p < 0.0001). The USA (n = 386; 24.2%), Japan (n = 153; 9.6%), and China (n = 137; 8.6%) were the most productive countries; and the USA (n = 7850; ACI = 20.3; h-index = 44), Japan (n = 1937; ACI = 12.6; h-index = 21), and the Netherlands (n = 1318; ACI = 17.3; h-index = 22) were the top cited countries. Articles were preferentially published in JPS (n = 391; 24.5%), PSI (n = 181; 11.3%), and EJPS (n = 56; 3.5%). Top-ten cited papers focused on classification (n = 1), surgical technique (n = 3), associated syndromes (n = 2), postoperative outcome (n = 3), and basic research (n = 1). Conclusion: This bibliometric study provides valuable insights into the global development of ARM research, and shows that clinical studies and international collaborations dominate in this field.

Published
2022

35. First genome-wide association study of esophageal atresia identifies three genetic risk loci at CTNNA3, FOXF1/FOXC2/FOXL1, and HNF1B

Author

Gehlen, Jan, primary, Giel, Ann-Sophie, additional, Köllges, Ricarda, additional, Haas, Stephan L., additional, Zhang, Rong, additional, Trcka, Jiri, additional, Sungur, Ayse Ö., additional, Renziehausen, Florian, additional, Bornholdt, Dorothea, additional, Jung, Daphne, additional, Hoyer, Paul D., additional, Nordenskjöld, Agneta, additional, Tibboel, Dick, additional, Vlot, John, additional, Spaander, Manon C.W., additional, Smigiel, Robert, additional, Patkowski, Dariusz, additional, Roeleveld, Nel, additional, van Rooij, Iris ALM., additional, de Blaauw, Ivo, additional, Hölscher, Alice, additional, Pauly, Marcus, additional, Leutner, Andreas, additional, Fuchs, Joerg, additional, Niethammer, Joel, additional, Melissari, Maria-Theodora, additional, Jenetzky, Ekkehart, additional, Zwink, Nadine, additional, Thiele, Holger, additional, Hilger, Alina Christine, additional, Hess, Timo, additional, Trautmann, Jessica, additional, Marks, Matthias, additional, Baumgarten, Martin, additional, Bläss, Gaby, additional, Landén, Mikael, additional, Fundin, Bengt, additional, Bulik, Cynthia M., additional, Pennimpede, Tracie, additional, Ludwig, Michael, additional, Ludwig, Kerstin U., additional, Mangold, Elisabeth, additional, Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie, additional, Moebus, Susanne, additional, Herrmann, Bernhard G., additional, Alsabeah, Kristina, additional, Burgos, Carmen M., additional, Lilja, Helene E., additional, Azodi, Sahar, additional, Stenström, Pernilla, additional, Arnbjörnsson, Einar, additional, Frybova, Barbora, additional, Lebensztejn, Dariusz M., additional, Debek, Wojciech, additional, Kolodziejczyk, Elwira, additional, Kozera, Katarzyna, additional, Kierkus, Jaroslaw, additional, Kaliciński, Piotr, additional, Stefanowicz, Marek, additional, Socha-Banasiak, Anna, additional, Kolejwa, Michal, additional, Piaseczna-Piotrowska, Anna, additional, Czkwianianc, Elzbieta, additional, Nöthen, Markus M., additional, Grote, Phillip, additional, Rygl, Michal, additional, Reinshagen, Konrad, additional, Spychalski, Nicole, additional, Ludwikowski, Barbara, additional, Hubertus, Jochen, additional, Heydweiller, Andreas, additional, Ure, Benno, additional, Muensterer, Oliver J., additional, Aubert, Ophelia, additional, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, additional, Lacher, Martin, additional, Degenhardt, Petra, additional, Boemers, Thomas M., additional, Mokrowiecka, Anna, additional, Małecka-Panas, Ewa, additional, Wöhr, Markus, additional, Knapp, Michael, additional, Seitz, Guido, additional, de Klein, Annelies, additional, Oracz, Grzegorz, additional, Brosens, Erwin, additional, Reutter, Heiko, additional, and Schumacher, Johannes, additional

Published
2022
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36. Proteomic Profiling of Hypoplastic Lungs Suggests an Underlying Inflammatory Response in the Pathogenesis of Abnormal Lung Development in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Author

Wagner, Richard, primary, Lieckfeldt, Paula, additional, Piyadasa, Hadeesha, additional, Markel, Moritz, additional, Riedel, Jan, additional, Stefanovici, Camelia, additional, Peukert, Nicole, additional, Patel, Daywin, additional, Derraugh, Gabrielle, additional, Min, Suyin Lum, additional, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, additional, Deprest, Jan, additional, Pascoe, Christopher D., additional, Tse, Andrew, additional, Lacher, Martin, additional, Mookherjee, Neeloffer, additional, and Keijzer, Richard, additional

Published
2022
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39. Umbilical Cord Teratoma Presenting as Ruptured Omphalocele

Author

Doktor, Fabian, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, Zimmermann, Peter, Siekmeyer, Manuela, Stepan, Holger, and Lacher, Martin

Subjects
abdominal wall defect, omphalocele, RD1-811, umbilical cord teratoma, Case Report, Surgery, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Congenital mature teratomas of the umbilical cord are extremely rare. We report on a girl who presented with a ruptured omphalocele and a 7 cm mass connected to the umbilicus, which we resected on the first day of life. Histology revealed mature umbilical cord teratoma . On the 29th day of life, a secondary laparotomy was necessary to address the associated intestinal malformations (megaduodenum, stenotic small bowel with duplication and malrotation). After a prolonged hospital stay, we discharged the patient in age-appropriate conditions. Antenatal diagnosis of an umbilical cord tumor can be challenging in the presence of an omphalocele. Given the high prevalence of associated malformations, the finding of umbilical cord teratoma should be followed by a detailed and comprehensive neonatal workup for additional abnormalities.

Published
2022

46. Development of the Urinary Tract in Fetal Rats: A Micro-CT Study.

Author

Wille, Stephanie, Peukert, Nicole, Haak, Rainer, Riedel, Jan, Mayer, Steffi, Kluth, Dietrich, Lacher, Martin, Gosemann, Jan-Hendrik, and Markel, Moritz

Subjects
X-ray computed microtomography, URINARY organs, ADRENAL glands, FETAL development, RATS
Abstract

Introduction:  Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is an established tool to study fetal development in rodents. This study aimed to use micro-CT imaging to visualize the development of the urinary tract in fetal rats.Materials and Methods:  Fetal rats from embryonic day (ED) 15, ED17, ED19, ED21, and N0 (newborn) (n = 6 per group; 3 males) were fixed and desiccated using the "critical point" technique. We utilized the micro-CT system (SkyScan) and analyzed the resulting scans with CTAn, DataViewer, and ImageJ to visualize the morphology and quantify the volumes of kidney, bladder, adrenal gland, as well as length of the ureter.Results:  High-resolution micro-CT showed continuous growth of both kidneys from ED15 to N0, with the highest increase between ED19 and ED21. The length of the ureter increased from ED15 to ED21 and remained stable until birth. The volume of the bladder steadily increased from ED15 to N0.In females, a statistically higher volume of the adrenal gland on ED21 was observed, whereas no sex-specific differences were seen for kidney, ureter, and bladder development.Conclusion:  Micro-CT depicts an excellent tool to study urinary tract development in the fetal and neonatal rat. It enables the metric quantification of longitudinal anatomic changes in high definition without previous destructive tissue preparation. The present study revealed sex-specific differences of the adrenal gland development and provides comprehensive data for the understanding of fetal urinary tract development, inspiring future research on congenital urological malformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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