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The increase of the number of cars is an objective social process. The constant increase in the number of cars complicates the environmental situation in large cities and megacities. Road transport is one of the main sources of air pollution. The formation of toxic substances from cars exhausts is closely related to the processes of fuel oxidation and engine operating modes, which depend on the mode of movement of cars. The aim of this study is to reduce vehicle exhaust emissions through adaptive traffic light control. An analysis of the influence of the used method of controlling traffic signals on the level of emission of exhaust gases of cars was carried out using the constructed microscopic simulation model. The use of precalculated control and adaptive traffic light control was compared, taking into account the dynamics of transport demand. The conditions are identified under which the use of adaptive control of traffic signals can significantly reduce the volume of emission of exhaust gases of cars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]