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1. Beyond small-scale transients: a closer look at the diffuse quiet solar corona

Author

Gorman, J., Chitta, L. P., Peter, H., Berghmans, D., Auchère, F., Cuadrado, R. Aznar, Teriaca, L., Solanki, S. K., Verbeeck, C., Kraaikamp, E., Stegen, K., and Gissot, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Within the quiet Sun corona imaged at 1 MK, much of the field of view consists of diffuse emission that appears to lack the spatial structuring that is so evident in coronal loops or bright points. We seek to determine if these diffuse regions are categorically different in terms of their intensity fluctuations and spatial configuration from the more well-studied dynamic coronal features. We analyze a time series of observations from Solar Orbiter's High Resolution Imager in the Extreme Ultraviolet to quantify the characterization of the diffuse corona at high spatial and temporal resolutions. We then compare this to the dynamic features within the field of view, mainly a coronal bright point. We find that the diffuse corona lacks visible structuring, such as small embedded loops, and that this is persistent over the 25 min duration of the observation. The intensity fluctuations of the diffuse corona, which are within +/-5%, are significantly smaller in comparison to the coronal bright point. Yet, the total intensity observed in the diffuse corona is of the same order as the bright point. It seems inconsistent with our data that the diffuse corona is a composition of small loops or jets or that it is driven by discrete small heating events that follow a power-law-like distribution. We speculate that small-scale processes like MHD turbulence might be energizing the diffuse regions, but at this point we cannot offer a conclusive explanation for the nature of this feature., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 10 pages, 8 figures

Published
2023
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2. High accuracy, high dynamic range optomechanical accelerometry enabled by dual comb spectroscopy

Author

Long, D. A., Stroud, J. R., Reschovsky, B. J., Bao, Y., Zhou, F., Bresler, S. M., LeBrun, T. W., Plusquellic, D. F., and Gorman, J. J.

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

Cavity optomechanical sensors can offer exceptional sensitivity; however, interrogating the cavity motion with high accuracy and dynamic range has proven to be challenging. Here we employ a dual optical frequency comb spectrometer to readout a microfabricated cavity optomechanical accelerometer, allowing for rapid simultaneous measurements of the cavity's displacement, finesse, and coupling at accelerations up to 24 g (236 m/s$^2$). With this approach, we have achieved a displacement sensitivity of 3 fm/Hz$^{1/2}$, a measurement rate of 100 kHz, and a dynamic range of 3.9 $\times$ 10$^5$ which is the highest we are aware of for a microfabricated cavity optomechanical sensor. In addition, comparisons of our optomechanical sensor coupled directly to a commercial reference accelerometer show agreement at the 0.5% level, a value which is limited by the reference's reported uncertainty. Further, the methods described herein are not limited to accelerometry but rather can be readily applied to nearly any optomechanical sensor where the combination of high speed, dynamic range, and sensitivity is expected to be enabling., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures

Published
2023
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3. High dynamic range electro-optic dual-comb interrogation of optomechanical sensors

Author

Long, D. A., Reschovsky, B. J., LeBrun, T. W., Gorman, J. J., Hodges, J. T., Plusquellic, D. F., and Stroud, J. R.

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

An interleaved, chirped electro-optic dual comb system is demonstrated for rapid, high dynamic range measurements of cavity optomechanical sensors. This approach allows for the cavity displacements to be interrogated at measurement times as fast as 10 {\mu}s over ranges far larger than can be achieved with alternative methods. While the performance of this novel readout approach is evaluated with an optomechanical accelerometer, this method is applicable to a wide range of applications including temperature, pressure, and humidity sensing as well as acoustics and molecular spectroscopy., Comment: 4 pages, 9 figures

Published
2022

4. Spectroscopic observation of a transition region network jet

Author

Gorman, J., Chitta, L. P., and Peter, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Ubiquitous transition region (TR) network jets are considered to be substantial sources of mass and energy to the corona and solar wind. We conduct a case study of a network jet to better understand the nature of mass flows along its length and the energetics involved in its launch. We present an observation of a jet with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS), while also using data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) to provide further context. The jet was located within a coronal hole close to the disk center. We find that a blueshifted secondary component of TR emission is associated with the jet and is persistent along its spire. This component exhibits upward speeds of approximately 20-70 km s$^{-1}$ and shows enhanced line broadening. However, plasma associated with the jet in the upper chromosphere shows downflows of 5-10 km s$^{-1}$. Finally, the jet emanates from a seemingly unipolar magnetic footpoint. While a definitive magnetic driver is not discernible for this event, we infer that the energy driving the network jet is deposited at the top of the chromosphere, indicating that TR network jets are driven from the mid-atmospheric layers of the Sun. The energy flux associated with the line broadening indicates that the jet could be powered all the way into the solar wind., Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2022
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9. Tenecteplase versus standard of care for minor ischaemic stroke with proven occlusion (TEMPO-2): a randomised, open label, phase 3 superiority trial

Author

Salluzzi, Marina, Blenkin, Nicole, Dueck, Ashley, Doram, Craig, Zhang, Qiao, Kenney, Carol, Ryckborst, Karla, Bohn, Shelly, Collier, Quentin, Taylor, Frances, Lethebe, B. Cord, Jambula, Anitha, Sage, Kayla, Toussaint, Lana, Save, Supryia, Lee, Jaclyn, Laham, N, Sultan, A.A., Deepak, A., Sitaram, A., Demchuk, Andrew M., Lockey, A., Micielli, A., Wadhwa, A., Arabambi, B., Graham, B., Bogiatzi, Chrysi, Doshi, Darshan, Chakraborty, D., Kim, Diana, Vasquez, D, Singh, D, Tse, Dominic, Harrison, E., Smith, E.E., Teleg, E., Klourfeld, E., Klein, G., Sebastian, I.A., Evans, J, Hegedus, J, Kromm, J, Lin, K, Ignacio, K, Ghavami, Kimia, Ismail, M., Moores, M., Panzini, M.A., Boyko, M., Almekhlafi, M.A., Newcommon, Nancy, Maraj, N., Imoukhuede, O., Volny, O., Stys, Peter, Couillard, Phillipe, Ojha, P., Eswaradass, P., Joundi, Raed, Singh, R., Asuncion, R.M., Muir, R.T., Dey, S., Mansoor, S., Wasyliw, S., Nagendra, S., Hu, Sherry, Althubait, S., Chen, S., Bal, S., Van Gaal, Stephen, Peters, Steven, Ray, Sucharita, Chaturvedi, S., Subramaniam, Suresh, Fu, Vivian, Villaluna, K., Maclean, G., King-Azote, P., Ma, C., Plecash, A., Murphy, C., Gorman, J., Wilson, L., Zhou, L., Benevente, O., Teal, P., Yip, S., Mann, S., Dewar, B., Demetroff, M., Shamloul, R., Beardshaw, R., Roberts, S., Blaquiere, D., Stotts, G., Shamy, M., Bereznyakova, O., Fahed, R., Alesefir, W., Lavoie, Suzy, Hache, A., Collard, K, Mackey, A., Gosselin-Lefebvre, S., Verreault, S., Beauchamp, B., Lambourn, L., Khaw, A., Mai, L., Sposato, L., Bres Bullrich, M., Azarpazhooh, R., Fridman, S., Kapoor, A., Southwell, A., Bardi, E., Fatakdawala, I., Kamra, M, Lopes, K., Popel, N., Norouzi, V., Liu, A., Liddy, A.M., Ghoari, B., Hawkes, C., Enriquez, C.A., Gladstone, D.J., Manosalva Alzate, H.A., Khosravani, H., Hopyan, J.J., Sivakumar, K., Son, M., Boulos, M.I., Hamind, M.A., Swartz, R.H., Murphy, R., Reiter, S., Fitzpatrick, T., Bhandari, V., Good, J., Penn, M., Naylor, M., Frost, S., Cayley, A., Akthar, F., Williams, J., Kalman, L., Crellin, L., Wiegner, R., Singh, R.S., Stewart, T., To, W., Singh, S., Pikula, A., Jaigobin, C., Carpani, F., Silver, F., Janssen, H., Schaafsma, J., del Campo, M., Alskaini, M., Rajendram, P., Fairall, P., Granfield, B., Crawford, D., Jabs, J., White, L., Sivakumar, L., Piquette, L., Nguyen, T., Nomani, A., Wagner, A., Alrohimi, A., Butt, A., D'Souza, A., Gajurel, B., Vekhande, C., Kamble, H., Kalashyan, H., Lloret, M., Benguzzi, M., Arsalan, N., Ishaque, N., Ashayeriahmadabad, R., Samiento, R., Hosseini, S., Kazi, S., Das, S., Sugumar, T., Selchen, D., Kostyrko, P., Muccilli, A., Saposnik, A.G., Vandervelde, C., Ratnayake, K., McMillan, S., Katsanos, A., Shoamanesh, A., Sahlas, D.J., Naidoo, V., Todorov, V., Toma, H., Brar, J., Lee, J., Horton, M., Shand, E., Weatherby, S., Jin, A., Durafourt, B., Jalini, S., Gardner, A., Tyson, C., Junk, E., Foster, K., Bolt, K., Sylvain, N., Maley, S., Urroz, L., Peeling, L., Kelly, M., Whelan, R., Cooley, R., Teitelbaum, J., Boutayeb, A., Moore, A., Cole, E., Waxman, L., Ben-Amor, N., Sanchez, R., Khalil, S., Nehme, A., Legault, C., Tampieri, D., Ehrensperger, E., Vieira, L., Cortes, M., Angle, M., Hannouche, M., Badawy, M., Werner, K., Wieszmuellner, S., Langer, A., Gisold, A., Zach, H., Rommer, P., Macher, S., Blechinger, S., Marik, W., Series, W., Baumgartinger, M., Krebs, S., Koski, J., Eirola, S., Ivanoff, T., Erakanto, A., Kupari, L., Sibolt, G., Panula, J., Tomppo, L., Tiainen, M., Ahlstrom, M., Martinez Majander, N., Suomalainen, O., Raty, S., Levi, C., Kerr, E., Allen, J., Kaauwai, L.P., Belevski, L., Russell, M., Ormond, S., Chew, A., Loiselle, A., Royan, A., Hughes, B., Garcia Esperon, C., Pepper, E., Miteff, F., He, J., Lycett, M., Min, M., Murray, N., Pavey, N., Starling de Barros, R., Gangadharan, S., Dunkerton, S., Waller, S., Canento Sanchez, T., Wellings, T., Edmonds, G., Whittaker, K.A., Ewing, M., Lee, P., Singkang, R., McDonald, A., Dos Santos, A., Shin, C., Jackson, D., Tsoleridis, J., Fisicchia, L., Parsons, N., Shenoy, N., Smith, S., Sharobeam, A., Balabanski, A., Park, A., Williams, C., Pavlin-Premri, D., Rodrigues, E., Alemseged, F., Ng, F., Zhao, H., Beharry, J., Ng, J.L., Williamson, J., Wong, J.Z.W., Li, K., Kwan, M.K., Valente, M., Yassi, N., Yogendrakumar, V., McNamara, B., Buchanan, C., McCarthy, C., Thomas, G., Stephens, K., Chung, M., Chung, M.F., Tang, M., Busch, T., Frost, T., Lee, R., Stuart, N., Pachani, N., Menon, A., Borojevic, B., Linton, C.M., Garcia, G., Callaly, E.P., Dewey, H., Liu, J., Chen, J., Wong, J., Nowak, K., To, K., Lizak, N.S., Bhalala, O., Park, P., Tan, P., Martins, R., Cody, R., Forbes, R., Chen, S.K., Ooi, S., Tu, S., Dang, Y.L., Ling, Z., Cranefield, J., Drew, R., Tan, A., Kurunawai, C., Harvey, J., Mahadevan, J.J., Cagi, L., Palanikumar, L., Chia, L.N., Goh, R., El-Masri, S., Urbi, B., Rapier, C., Berrill, H., McEvoy, H., Dunning, R., Kuriakose, S., Chad, T., Sapaen, V., Sabet, A., Shah, D., Yeow, D., Lilley, K., Ward, K., Mozhy Mahizhnan, M., Tan, M., Lynch, C., Coveney, S., Tobin, K., McCabe, J., Marnane, M., Murphy, S., Large, M., Moynihan, B., Boyle, K., Sanjuan, E., Sanchis, M., Boned, S., Pancorbo, O., Sala, V., Garcia, L., Garcia-Tornel, A., Juega, J., Pagola, J., Santana, K., Requena, M., Muchada, M., Olive, M., Lozano, P.J., Rubiera, M., Deck, M., Rodriguez, N., Gomez, B., Reyes Munoz, F.J., Gomez, A.S., Sanz, A.C., Garcia, E.C., Penacoba, G., Ramos, M.E., de Lera Alfonso, M., Feliu, A, Pardo, L., Ramirez, P., Murillo, A., Lopez Dominguez, D., Rodriguez, J., Terceno Izaga, M., Reina, M., Viturro, S.B., Bojaryn, U., Vera Monge, V.A., Silva Blas, Y., R Siew, R., Agustin, S J, Seet, C., Tianming, T., d'Emden, A., Murray, A., Welch, A., Hatherley, K., Day, N., Smith, W., MacRae, E., Mitchell, E.S., Mahmood, A., Elliot, J., Neilson, S., Biswas, V., Brown, C., Lewis, A., Ashton, A., Werring, D., Perry, R., Muhammad, R., Lee, Y.C., Black, A., Robinson, A., Williams, A., Banaras, A., Cahoy, C., Raingold, G., Marinescu, M., Atang, N., Bason, N., Francia, N., Obarey, S., Feerick, S., Joseph, J., Schulz, U., Irons, R., Benjamin, J., Quinn, L., Jhoots, M., Teal, R., Ford, G., Harston, G., Bains, H., Gbinigie, I., Mathieson, P., Sim, C.H., Hayter, E., Kennedy, K., Binnie, L., Priestley, N., Williams, R., Ghatala, R., Stratton, S., Blight, A., Zhang, L., Davies, A., Duffy, H., Roberts, J., Homer, J., Roberts, K., Dodd, K., Cawley, K., Martin, M., Leason, S., Cotgreave, S., Taylor, T., Nallasivan, A., Haider, S., Chakraborty, T., Webster, T., Gil, A., Martin, B., Joseph, B., Cabrera, C., Jose, D., Man, J., Aquino, J., Sebastian, S., Osterdahl, M., Kwan, M., Matthew, M., Ike, N., Bello, P., Wilding, P., Fuentes, R., Shah, R., Mashate, S., Patel, T., Nwanguma, U., Dave, V., Haber, A., Lee, A., O'Sullivan, A., Drumm, B., Dawson, A.C., Matar, T., Roberts, D., Taylor, E., Rounis, E., El-Masry, A., O'Hare, C., Kalladka, D., Jamil, S., Auger, S., Raha, O., Evans, M., Vonberg, F., Kalam, S., Ali Sheikh, A., Jenkins, I.H., George, J., Kwan, J., Blagojevic, J., Saeed, M., Haji-Coll, M., Tsuda, M., Sayed, M., Winterkron, N., Thanbirajah, N., Vittay, O., Karim, R., Smail, R.C., Gauhar, S., Elmamoun, S., Malani, S., Pralhad Kelavkar, S., Hiden, J., Ferdinand, P., Sanyal, R., Varquez, R., Smith, B., Okechukwu, C., Fox, E., Collins, E., Courtney, K., Tauro, S., Patterson, C., McShane, D., Roberts, G., McIImoyle, J., McGuire, K., Fearon, P., Gordon, P., Isaacs, K., Lucas, K., Smith, L., Dews, L., Bates, M., Lawrence, S., Heeley, S., Patel, V., Chin, Y.M., Sims, D., Littleton, E., Khaira, J., Nadar, K., Kieliszkowska, A., Sari, B., Domingos Belo, C., Smith, E., Manolo, E.Y., Aeron-Thomas, J., Doheny, M., Garcia Pardo, M., Recaman, M., Tibajia, M.C., Aissa, M., Mah, Y., Yu, T., Meenakshisundaram, S., Heller, S., Alsukhni, R., Williams, O., Farag, M., Benger, M., Engineer, A., Bayhonan, S., Conway, S., Bhalla, A., Nouvakis, D., Theochari, E., Boyle, F., Teo, J., King-Robson, J., Law, K.Y., Sztriha, L., McGovern, A., Day, D., Mitchell-Douglas, J., Francis, J., Iqbal, A., Punjabivaryani, P., Anonuevo Reyes, J., Anonuevo Reyes, M., Pauls, M., Buch, A., Hedstrom, A., Hutchinson, C., Kirkland, C., Newham, J., Wilkes, G., Fleming, L., Fleck, N., Franca, A., Chwal, B., Oldoni, C., Mantovani, G., Noll, G., Zanella, L., Soma, M., Secchi, T., Borelli, W., Rimoli, B.P., da Cunha Silva, G.H., Machado Galvao Mondin, L.A., Barbosa Cerantola, R., Imthon, A.K., Esaki, A.S., Camilo, M., Vincenzi, O.C., ds Cruz, R.R., Morillos, M.B., Riccioppa Rodrigues, G.G., Santos Ferreira, K., Pazini, A.M., Pena Pereira, M.A., de Albuquerque, A.L.A., Massote Fontanini, C.E., Matinez Rubio, C.F., dos Santos, D.T., Dias, F.A., Alves, F.F.A., Milani, C., Pegorer Santos, B., Winckler, F., De Souza, J.T., Bonome, L.A.M., Cury Silva, V.A., Teodoro, R.S., Modolo, G.P., Ferreira, N.C., Barbosa dos Santos, D.F., dos Santos Moreira, J.C., Cruz Guedes de Morais, A.B., Vieira, J., Mendes, G., de Queiroz, J.P., Coutts, Shelagh B, Ankolekar, Sandeep, Appireddy, Ramana, Arenillas, Juan F, Assis, Zarina, Bailey, Peter, Barber, Philip A, Bazan, Rodrigo, Buck, Brian H, Butcher, Ken S, Camden, Marie-Christine, Campbell, Bruce C V, Casaubon, Leanne K, Catanese, Luciana, Chatterjee, Kausik, Choi, Philip M C, Clarke, Brian, Dowlatshahi, Dar, Ferrari, Julia, Field, Thalia S, Ganesh, Aravind, Ghia, Darshan, Goyal, Mayank, Greisenegger, Stefan, Halse, Omid, Horn, Mackenzie, Hunter, Gary, Imoukhuede, Oje, Kelly, Peter J, Kennedy, James, Kleinig, Timothy J, Krishnan, Kailash, Lima, Fabricio, Mandzia, Jennifer L, Marko, Martha, Martins, Sheila O, Medvedev, George, Menon, Bijoy K, Mishra, Sachin M, Molina, Carlos, Moussaddy, Aimen, Muir, Keith W, Parsons, Mark W, Penn, Andrew M W, Pille, Arthur, Pontes-Neto, Octávio M, Roffe, Christine, Serena, Joaquin, Simister, Robert, Singh, Nishita, Spratt, Neil, Strbian, Daniel, Tham, Carol H, Wiggam, M Ivan, Williams, David J, Willmot, Mark R, Wu, Teddy, Yu, Amy Y X, Zachariah, George, Zafar, Atif, Zerna, Charlotte, and Hill, Michael D

Published
2024
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10. Surgery for Crohn’s Disease Is Associated With a Dysbiotic Microbiome and Metabolome: Results From Two Prospective Cohorts

Author

Wolf, Douglas C., Hron, Bridget, Hanson, John S., Mohanty, Sanjib P., Fogel, Ronald P., Levy, L. Campbell, Iskandar, Heba N., Fischer, Monika, Cohen, Benjamin, Swaminath, Arun, Kane, Sunanda, McCabe, Robert P., Jr., Yen, Eugene F., Hanauer, Stephen B., Hudesman, David P., Afzali, Anita, Kelly, Colleen, Weber, John R., Mahadevan, Uma, Herfarth, Hans, Katz, Jeffery, Taleban, Sasha, Rubin, David T., Yachyshyn, Bruce, Reynolds, Gorman J., Gerich, Mark, Dryden, Gerald W., Quezada, Sandra, Higgins, Peter D.R., Shmidt, Eugenia, Lewis, James D., Schwartz, Marc B., Flynn, Ann D., Saha, Sumona, Horst, Sara N., Chiorean, Michael, Green, Patrick D., Scherl, Ellen J., Sandler, Robert, Brotherton, Carol, Albenberg, Lindsey, Valentine, John F., Suskind, David, Meyer, Andrea, Compher, Charlene W., Bewtra, Meenakshi, Kaur, Manreet, Dassopoulos, Themistocles, Snapper, Scott B., Korzenik, Joshua R., Bohm, Matthew, Raffals, Laura, Beniwal-Patel, Poonam, Hudesman, David, Russ, Kirk, Brook, Loren, Pekow, Joel, Cross, Raymond, Wong, Uni, Bishu, Shrinivas, Duerr, Richard, Caldera, Freddy, Scoville, Elizabeth, Deepak, Parakkal, Ciorba, Matthew, Daniel, Scott G., Li, Hongzhe, Hao, Fuhua, Patterson, Andrew D., Hecht, Aaron L., Brensinger, Colleen M., Wu, Gary D., and Bittinger, Kyle

Published
2024
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11. Electro-optic frequency combs for rapid interrogation in cavity optomechanics

Author

Long, D. A., Reschovsky, B. J., Zhou, F., Bao, Y., LeBrun, T. W., and Gorman, J. J.

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Electro-optic frequency combs were employed to rapidly interrogate an optomechanical sensor, demonstrating spectral resolution substantially exceeding that possible with a mode-locked frequency comb. Frequency combs were generated using an integrated-circuit-based direct digital synthesizer and utilized in a self-heterodyne configuration. Unlike approaches based upon laser locking or sweeping, the present approach allows rapid, parallel measurements of full optical cavity modes, large dynamic range of sensor displacement, and acquisition across a wide frequency range between DC and 500 kHz. In addition to being well suited to measurements of cavity optomechanical sensors, this optical frequency comb-based approach can be utilized for interrogation in a wide range of physical and chemical sensors., Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures

Published
2020
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14. Surgery for Crohn’s Disease Is Associated with a Dysbiotic Microbiome and Metabolome: Results from Two Prospective Cohorts

Author

Lewis, James D., primary, Daniel, Scott G., additional, Li, Hongzhe, additional, Hao, Fuhua, additional, Patterson, Andrew D., additional, Hecht, Aaron, additional, Brensinger, Colleen M., additional, Wu, Gary D., additional, Bittinger, Kyle, additional, Wolf, Douglas C., additional, Hron, Bridget, additional, Hanson, John S., additional, Mohanty, Sanjib P., additional, Fogel, Ronald P., additional, Levy, L. Campbell, additional, Iskandar, Heba N., additional, Fischer, Monika, additional, Cohen, Benjamin, additional, Swaminath, Arun, additional, Kane, Sunanda, additional, McCabe, Robert P., additional, Yen, Eugene F., additional, Hanauer, Stephen B., additional, Hudesman, David P., additional, Afzali, Anita, additional, Kelly, Colleen, additional, Weber, John R., additional, Mahadevan, Uma, additional, Herfarth, Hans, additional, Katz, Jeffery, additional, Taleban, Sasha, additional, Rubin, David T., additional, Yachyshyn, Bruce, additional, Reynolds, Gorman J., additional, Gerich, Mark, additional, Dryden, Gerald W., additional, Quezada, Sandra, additional, Higgins, Peter D.R., additional, Shmidt, Eugenia, additional, Lewis, James D., additional, Schwartz, Marc B., additional, Flynn, Ann D., additional, Saha, Sumona, additional, Horst, Sara N., additional, Chiorean, Michael, additional, Green, Patrick D., additional, Scherl, Ellen J., additional, Sandler, Robert, additional, Brotherton, Carol, additional, Albenberg, Lindsey, additional, Valentine, John F., additional, Suskind, David, additional, Meyer, Andrea, additional, Compher, Charlene W., additional, Bewtra, Meenakshi, additional, Kaur, Manreet, additional, Dassopoulos, Themistocles, additional, Snapper, Scott B., additional, Korzenik, Joshua R., additional, Bohm, Matthew, additional, Raffals, Laura, additional, Beniwal-Patel, Poonam, additional, Hudesman, David, additional, Russ, Kirk, additional, Brook, Loren, additional, Pekow, Joel, additional, Cross, Raymond, additional, Wong, Uni, additional, Bishu, Shrinivas, additional, Duerr, Richard, additional, Caldera, Freddy, additional, Scoville, Elizabeth, additional, Deepak, Parakkal, additional, and Ciorba, Matthew, additional

Published
2024
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15. A highly sensitive 3base™ assay for detecting Streptococcus pyogenes in saliva during controlled human pharyngitis.

Author

Indraratna, AD, Mytton, S, Ricafrente, A, Millar, D, Gorman, J, Azzopardi, KI, Frost, HR, Osowicki, J, Steer, AC, Skropeta, D, Sanderson-Smith, ML, Indraratna, AD, Mytton, S, Ricafrente, A, Millar, D, Gorman, J, Azzopardi, KI, Frost, HR, Osowicki, J, Steer, AC, Skropeta, D, and Sanderson-Smith, ML

Abstract

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus; GAS) is a Gram-positive bacterium responsible for substantial human mortality and morbidity. Conventional diagnosis of GAS pharyngitis relies on throat swab culture, a low-throughput, slow, and relatively invasive 'gold standard'. While molecular approaches are becoming increasingly utilized, the potential of saliva as a diagnostic fluid for GAS infection remains largely unexplored. Here, we present a novel, high-throughput, sensitive, and robust speB qPCR assay that reliably detects GAS in saliva using innovative 3base™ technology (Genetic Signatures Limited, Sydney, Australia). The assay has been validated on baseline, acute, and convalescent saliva samples generated from the Controlled Human Infection for Vaccination Against Streptococcus (CHIVAS-M75) trial, in which healthy adult participants were challenged with emm75 GAS. In these well-defined samples, our high-throughput assay outperforms throat culture and conventional qPCR in saliva respectively, affirming the utility of the 3base™ platform, demonstrating the feasibility of saliva as a diagnostic biofluid, and paving the way for the development of novel non-invasive approaches for the detection of GAS and other oropharyngeal pathogens.

Published
2024

16. The faecal microbiome of the Australian silver gull contains phylogenetically diverse ExPEC, aEPEC and Escherichia coli carrying the transmissible locus of stress tolerance

Author

Wyrsch, ER, Hoye, BJ, Sanderson-Smith, M, Gorman, J, Maute, K, Cummins, ML, Jarocki, VM, Marenda, MS, Dolejska, M, Djordjevic, SP, Wyrsch, ER, Hoye, BJ, Sanderson-Smith, M, Gorman, J, Maute, K, Cummins, ML, Jarocki, VM, Marenda, MS, Dolejska, M, and Djordjevic, SP

Abstract

Wildlife are implicated in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, but their roles as hosts for Escherichia coli that pose a threat to human and animal health is limited. Gulls (family Laridae) in particular, are known to carry diverse lineages of multiple-antibiotic resistant E. coli, including extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Whole genome sequencing of 431 E. coli isolates from 69 healthy Australian silver gulls (Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae) sampled during the 2019 breeding season, and without antibiotic selection, was undertaken to assess carriage in an urban wildlife population. Phylogenetic analysis and genotyping resolved 123 sequence types (STs) representing most phylogroups, and identified diverse ExPEC, including an expansive phylogroup B2 cluster comprising 103 isolates (24 %; 31 STs). Analysis of the mobilome identified: i) widespread carriage of the Yersinia High Pathogenicity Island (HPI), a key ExPEC virulence determinant; ii) broad distribution of two novel phage elements, each carrying sitABCD and iii) carriage of the transmissible locus of stress tolerance (tLST), an element linked to sanitation resistance. Of the 169 HPI carrying isolates, 49 (48 %) represented diverse B2 isolates hosting FII-64 ColV-like plasmids that lacked iutABC and sitABC operons typical of ColV plasmids, but carried the serine protease autotransporter gene, sha. Diverse E. coli also carried archetypal ColV plasmids (52 isolates; 12 %). Clusters of closely related E. coli (<50 SNVs) from ST58, ST457 and ST746, sourced from healthy gulls, humans, and companion animals, were frequently identified. In summary, anthropogenically impacted gulls host an expansive E. coli population, including: i) putative ExPEC that carry ColV virulence gene cargo (101 isolates; 23.4 %) and HPI (169 isolates; 39 %); ii) atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (17 isolates; 3.9 %), and iii) E. coli that carry the tLST (20 isolates; 4.6 %). Gulls play an important role in the e

Published
2024

17. Genomic analysis of Citrobacter from Australian wastewater and silver gulls reveals novel sequence types carrying critically important antibiotic resistance genes.

Author

Hem, S, Cummins, ML, Wyrsch, ER, Drigo, B, Hoye, BJ, Maute, K, Sanderson-Smith, M, Gorman, J, Bogema, DR, Jenkins, C, Deutscher, AT, Yam, J, Hai, F, Donner, E, Jarocki, VM, Djordjevic, SP, Hem, S, Cummins, ML, Wyrsch, ER, Drigo, B, Hoye, BJ, Maute, K, Sanderson-Smith, M, Gorman, J, Bogema, DR, Jenkins, C, Deutscher, AT, Yam, J, Hai, F, Donner, E, Jarocki, VM, and Djordjevic, SP

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health concern, and environmental bacteria have been recognized as important reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Citrobacter, a common environmental bacterium and opportunistic pathogen in humans and other animals, has been largely understudied in terms of its diversity and AMR potential. Whole-genome (short-read) sequencing on a total of 77 Citrobacter isolates obtained from Australian silver gull (Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae) (n = 17) and influent wastewater samples (n = 60) was performed, revealing a diverse Citrobacter population, with seven different species and 33 sequence types, 17 of which were novel. From silver gull using non-selective media we isolated a broader range of species with little to no mobilised ARG carriage. Wastewater isolates (selected using Carbapenem- Resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) selective media) carried a heavy burden of ARGs (up to 21 ARGs, conferring resistance to nine classes of antibiotics), with several novel multidrug-resistant (MDR) lineages identified, including C. braakii ST1110, which carried ARGs conferring resistance to eight to nine classes of antibiotics, and C. freundii ST1105, which carried two carbapenemase genes, blaIMP-4 in class 1 integron structure, and blaKPC-2. Additionally, we identified an MDR C. portucalensis isolate carrying blaNDM-1, blaSHV-12, and mcr-9. We identified IncC, IncM2, and IncP6 plasmids as the likely vectors for many of the critically important mobilised ARGs. Phylogenetic analyses were performed to assess any epidemiological linkages between isolation sources, demonstrating low relatedness across sources beyond the ST level. However, these analyses did reveal some closer relationships between strains from disparate wastewater sources despite their collection some 13,000 km apart. These findings support the need for future surveillance of Citrobacter populations in wastewater and wildlife populations to monitor for potential

Published
2024

18. Youth and community work for climate justice: Towards an ecocentric ethics for practice

Author

Gorman, J., Baker, A., Corney, T., Cooper, Trudi, Gorman, J., Baker, A., Corney, T., and Cooper, Trudi

Abstract

This paper traces an expanded ethical perspective for youth and community work (YCW) practice in response to the climate and biodiversity crises. Discussing ecological ethics, we problematise the liberal humanist emphasis on utilitarianism and reject it as inappropriate for YCW in these times. Instead, we argue for an ecocentric practice ethic which intrinsically values the non-human world. To advance an ecocentric ethical perspective for YCW we draw on decolonial and posthuman theory. Inspired by a Freirean dialogical approach, we apply these theoretical domains as lenses to problematise YCW practice, seeking a generative dialogue between perspectives. Through this, we identify three emergent tasks for ecocentric YCW: (a) thinking and acting beyond the individual; (b) cultivating reciprocal care and connection and (c) practicing critical pedagogies of place. This third element builds on YCW's social pedagogic tradition and provides a practical means to incorporate ecocentric ideas into practice. We conclude that, given the unprecedented implications of climate crises and biodiversity collapse, a YCW ethics that does not consider these implications for young people is insufficient for the context of practice today. Enacting an ecocentric YCW ethics requires ongoing collective praxis and dialogue between young people, practitioners, educators, managers and students.

Published
2024

19. Ultrahigh reflectivity photonic crystal membranes with optimal geometry.

Author

Zhou, F., Bao, Y., Gorman, J. J., and Lawall, J. R.

Subjects
SILICON nitride, SIMPLEX algorithm, PHOTONIC crystals, OPTICAL couplers, OPTICAL resonators
Abstract

Photonic crystal (PhC) structures with subwavelength periods are widely used for diffractive optics, including high reflectivity membranes with nanoscale thickness. Here, we report on a design procedure for 2D PhC silicon nitride membrane mirrors providing optimal crystal geometry using simulation results obtained with rigorous coupled-wave analysis. The Downhill Simplex algorithm, a robust numerical approach to finding local extrema of a function of multiple variables, is used to optimize the period and hole radius of PhCs with both hexagonal and square lattices, as the membrane thickness is varied. Following these design principles, nanofabricated PhC membranes made from silicon nitride have been used as input couplers for an optical cavity, resulting in a maximum cavity finesse of 33 000, corresponding to a reflectivity of 0.999 82. The role played by the spot size of the cavity mode on the PhC was investigated, demonstrating the existence of an optimal spot size that agrees well with predictions. We find that, compared to the square lattice, the hexagonal lattice exhibits a spectrally wider reflective range, less sensitivity to fabrication tolerances, and higher reflectivity for membranes thinner than 200 nm, which may be advantageous in cavity optomechanical experiments. Finally, we find that all of the cavities that we have constructed exhibit well-resolved polarization mode splitting, which we expect is due primarily to a small amount of anisotropic stress in the silicon nitride and PhC asymmetry arising during fabrication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. Youth Work as Social Pedagogy: Toward an Understanding of Non-Formal and Informal Education and Learning in Youth Work.

Author

Corney, T., Marion, J., Baird, R., Welsh, S., and Gorman, J.

Subjects
POLICY sciences, EMPLOYEES, TERMS & phrases, PROFESSIONAL practice, TEACHING methods, PROFESSIONAL identity, CODES of ethics, HUMAN rights, STUDENTS, INTERNATIONAL relations, LEARNING strategies, CONCEPTS
Abstract

This paper undertakes a select survey of international literature to identify the points of convergence that support common understanding – and debate – amongst youth workers, researchers and policy makers in regards to definitional commonalities in professional youth work. We find that non-formal education, framed by human rights, appears to offer definitional common ground for youth work practice globally. Drawing on the Australian context to ground the discussion, the paper considers how revision of key definitional documents to reflect the pedagogic basis of youth work could inform the tertiary level training and preparation of youth work students and the state-based codes of ethics that inform and regulate professional youth work practice. This is important for professional youth work in Australia as the only nationally agreed statement on youth work currently lacks a pedagogical definition. While precisely categorizing the practices and programs used by youth workers remains a challenge, there is much common ground found amongst the non-formal and informal education conceptualisations of youth work internationally. While there are differences in the way professional youth work is delivered across countries and jurisdictions, there appears to be an agreed underpinning pedagogical framework, often referred to as social pedagogy, which is commonly applied, and informs the practices and programs delivered to the diverse and complex young people who benefit from them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Ethical Practice in Professional Youth Work: Perspectives from Four Countries.

Author

Rannala, I. E., Gorman, J., Tierney, H., Guðmundsson, Á., Hickey, J., and Corney, T.

Subjects
EMPLOYEE attitudes, YOUNG workers, YOUTHS' attitudes, YOUNG adults, PROFESSIONAL practice, CODES of ethics, ETHICAL problems
Abstract

Ethical youth work is 'good' youth work but how do youth work practitioners collectively determine what is 'good'? This article presents findings from four-country surveys of youth workers' attitudes and understandings of what constitutes 'good', that is to say 'ethical' practice. The article presents the principles that youth workers say underpin ethical practice in Australia, Estonia, Iceland, and Ireland. The first three countries have well established Codes of Ethics and/or Practice and Professional Associations, while Ireland does not. A survey of youth work practitioners funded by Erasmus Plus, was conducted across the four countries (n = 405). A comparative analysis of data across countries revealed consensus around key characteristics of youth work practice such as the participation, empowerment, and safety of young people. These core principles form the basis of good and ethical action by practitioners. In countries which have codified these principles, these Codes were reported to be useful tools to support practitioners in their work. The survey further suggests that reflective practice is important in the application of ethical codes to concrete practice situations acting as a form of collective accountability and praxis. To conclude, we consider the implications of these findings for professionalism, and professionalisation in youth work nationally and internationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Tenecteplase versus standard of care for minor ischaemic stroke with proven occlusion (TEMPO-2): a randomised, open label, phase 3 superiority trial

Author

Coutts, Shelagh B, Ankolekar, Sandeep, Appireddy, Ramana, Arenillas, Juan F, Assis, Zarina, Bailey, Peter, Barber, Philip A, Bazan, Rodrigo, Buck, Brian H, Butcher, Ken S, Camden, Marie-Christine, Campbell, Bruce C V, Casaubon, Leanne K, Catanese, Luciana, Chatterjee, Kausik, Choi, Philip M C, Clarke, Brian, Dowlatshahi, Dar, Ferrari, Julia, Field, Thalia S, Ganesh, Aravind, Ghia, Darshan, Goyal, Mayank, Greisenegger, Stefan, Halse, Omid, Horn, Mackenzie, Hunter, Gary, Imoukhuede, Oje, Kelly, Peter J, Kennedy, James, Kenney, Carol, Kleinig, Timothy J, Krishnan, Kailash, Lima, Fabricio, Mandzia, Jennifer L, Marko, Martha, Martins, Sheila O, Medvedev, George, Menon, Bijoy K, Mishra, Sachin M, Molina, Carlos, Moussaddy, Aimen, Muir, Keith W, Parsons, Mark W, Penn, Andrew M W, Pille, Arthur, Pontes-Neto, Octávio M, Roffe, Christine, Serena, Joaquin, Simister, Robert, Singh, Nishita, Spratt, Neil, Strbian, Daniel, Tham, Carol H, Wiggam, M Ivan, Williams, David J, Willmot, Mark R, Wu, Teddy, Yu, Amy Y X, Zachariah, George, Zafar, Atif, Zerna, Charlotte, Hill, Michael D, Salluzzi, Marina, Blenkin, Nicole, Dueck, Ashley, Doram, Craig, Zhang, Qiao, Kenney, Carol, Ryckborst, Karla, Bohn, Shelly, Collier, Quentin, Taylor, Frances, Lethebe, B. Cord, Jambula, Anitha, Sage, Kayla, Toussaint, Lana, Save, Supryia, Lee, Jaclyn, Laham, N, Sultan, A.A., Deepak, A., Sitaram, A., Demchuk, Andrew M., Lockey, A., Micielli, A., Wadhwa, A., Arabambi, B., Graham, B., Bogiatzi, Chrysi, Doshi, Darshan, Chakraborty, D., Kim, Diana, Vasquez, D, Singh, D, Tse, Dominic, Harrison, E., Smith, E.E., Teleg, E., Klourfeld, E., Klein, G., Sebastian, I.A., Evans, J, Hegedus, J, Kromm, J, Lin, K, Ignacio, K, Ghavami, Kimia, Ismail, M., Moores, M., Panzini, M.A., Boyko, M., Almekhlafi, M.A., Newcommon, Nancy, Maraj, N., Imoukhuede, O., Volny, O., Stys, Peter, Couillard, Phillipe, Ojha, P., Eswaradass, P., Joundi, Raed, Singh, R., Asuncion, R.M., Muir, R.T., Dey, S., Mansoor, S., Wasyliw, S., Nagendra, S., Hu, Sherry, Althubait, S., Chen, S., Bal, S., Van Gaal, Stephen, Peters, Steven, Ray, Sucharita, Chaturvedi, S., Subramaniam, Suresh, Fu, Vivian, Villaluna, K., Maclean, G., King-Azote, P., Ma, C., Plecash, A., Murphy, C., Gorman, J., Wilson, L., Zhou, L., Benevente, O., Teal, P., Yip, S., Mann, S., Dewar, B., Demetroff, M., Shamloul, R., Beardshaw, R., Roberts, S., Blaquiere, D., Stotts, G., Shamy, M., Bereznyakova, O., Fahed, R., Alesefir, W., Lavoie, Suzy, Hache, A., Collard, K, Mackey, A., Gosselin-Lefebvre, S., Verreault, S., Beauchamp, B., Lambourn, L., Khaw, A., Mai, L., Sposato, L., Bres Bullrich, M., Azarpazhooh, R., Fridman, S., Kapoor, A., Southwell, A., Bardi, E., Fatakdawala, I., Kamra, M, Lopes, K., Popel, N., Norouzi, V., Liu, A., Liddy, A.M., Ghoari, B., Hawkes, C., Enriquez, C.A., Gladstone, D.J., Manosalva Alzate, H.A., Khosravani, H., Hopyan, J.J., Sivakumar, K., Son, M., Boulos, M.I., Hamind, M.A., Swartz, R.H., Murphy, R., Reiter, S., Fitzpatrick, T., Bhandari, V., Good, J., Penn, M., Naylor, M., Frost, S., Cayley, A., Akthar, F., Williams, J., Kalman, L., Crellin, L., Wiegner, R., Singh, R.S., Stewart, T., To, W., Singh, S., Pikula, A., Jaigobin, C., Carpani, F., Silver, F., Janssen, H., Schaafsma, J., del Campo, M., Alskaini, M., Rajendram, P., Fairall, P., Granfield, B., Crawford, D., Jabs, J., White, L., Sivakumar, L., Piquette, L., Nguyen, T., Nomani, A., Wagner, A., Alrohimi, A., Butt, A., D'Souza, A., Gajurel, B., Vekhande, C., Kamble, H., Kalashyan, H., Lloret, M., Benguzzi, M., Arsalan, N., Ishaque, N., Ashayeriahmadabad, R., Samiento, R., Hosseini, S., Kazi, S., Das, S., Sugumar, T., Selchen, D., Kostyrko, P., Muccilli, A., Saposnik, A.G., Vandervelde, C., Ratnayake, K., McMillan, S., Katsanos, A., Shoamanesh, A., Sahlas, D.J., Naidoo, V., Todorov, V., Toma, H., Brar, J., Lee, J., Horton, M., Chen, S., Shand, E., Weatherby, S., Jin, A., Durafourt, B., Jalini, S., Gardner, A., Tyson, C., Junk, E., Foster, K., Bolt, K., Sylvain, N., Maley, S., Urroz, L., Peeling, L., Kelly, M., Whelan, R., Cooley, R., Teitelbaum, J., Boutayeb, A., Moore, A., Cole, E., Waxman, L., Ben-Amor, N., Sanchez, R., Khalil, S., Nehme, A., Legault, C., Tampieri, D., Ehrensperger, E., Vieira, L., Cortes, M., Angle, M., Hannouche, M., Badawy, M., Werner, K., Wieszmuellner, S., Langer, A., Gisold, A., Zach, H., Rommer, P., Macher, S., Blechinger, S., Marik, W., Series, W., Baumgartinger, M., Krebs, S., Koski, J., Eirola, S., Ivanoff, T., Erakanto, A., Kupari, L., Sibolt, G., Panula, J., Tomppo, L., Tiainen, M., Ahlstrom, M., Martinez Majander, N., Suomalainen, O., Raty, S., Levi, C., Kerr, E., Allen, J., Kaauwai, L.P., Belevski, L., Russell, M., Ormond, S., Chew, A., Loiselle, A., Royan, A., Hughes, B., Garcia Esperon, C., Pepper, E., Miteff, F., He, J., Lycett, M., Min, M., Murray, N., Pavey, N., Starling de Barros, R., Gangadharan, S., Dunkerton, S., Waller, S., Canento Sanchez, T., Wellings, T., Edmonds, G., Whittaker, K.A., Ewing, M., Lee, P., Singkang, R., McDonald, A., Dos Santos, A., Shin, C., Jackson, D., Tsoleridis, J., Fisicchia, L., Parsons, N., Shenoy, N., Smith, S., Sharobeam, A., Balabanski, A., Park, A., Williams, C., Pavlin-Premri, D., Rodrigues, E., Alemseged, F., Ng, F., Zhao, H., Beharry, J., Ng, J.L., Williamson, J., Wong, J.Z.W., Li, K., Kwan, M.K., Valente, M., Yassi, N., Cooley, R., Yogendrakumar, V., McNamara, B., Buchanan, C., McCarthy, C., Thomas, G., Stephens, K., Chung, M., Chung, M.F., Tang, M., Busch, T., Frost, T., Lee, R., Stuart, N., Pachani, N., Menon, A., Borojevic, B., Linton, C.M., Garcia, G., Callaly, E.P., Dewey, H., Liu, J., Chen, J., Wong, J., Nowak, K., To, K., Lizak, N.S., Bhalala, O., Park, P., Tan, P., Martins, R., Cody, R., Forbes, R., Chen, S.K., Ooi, S., Tu, S., Dang, Y.L., Ling, Z., Cranefield, J., Drew, R., Tan, A., Kurunawai, C., Harvey, J., Mahadevan, J.J., Cagi, L., Palanikumar, L., Chia, L.N., Goh, R., El-Masri, S., Urbi, B., Rapier, C., Berrill, H., McEvoy, H., Dunning, R., Kuriakose, S., Chad, T., Sapaen, V., Sabet, A., Shah, D., Yeow, D., Lilley, K., Ward, K., Mozhy Mahizhnan, M., Tan, M., Lynch, C., Coveney, S., Tobin, K., McCabe, J., Marnane, M., Murphy, S., Large, M., Moynihan, B., Boyle, K., Sanjuan, E., Sanchis, M., Boned, S., Pancorbo, O., Sala, V., Garcia, L., Garcia-Tornel, A., Juega, J., Pagola, J., Santana, K., Requena, M., Muchada, M., Olive, M., Lozano, P.J., Rubiera, M., Deck, M., Rodriguez, N., Gomez, B., Reyes Munoz, F.J., Gomez, A.S., Sanz, A.C., Garcia, E.C., Penacoba, G., Ramos, M.E., de Lera Alfonso, M., Feliu, A, Pardo, L., Ramirez, P., Murillo, A., Lopez Dominguez, D., Rodriguez, J., Terceno Izaga, M., Reina, M., Viturro, S.B., Bojaryn, U., Vera Monge, V.A., Silva Blas, Y., R Siew, R., Agustin, S J, Seet, C., Tianming, T., d'Emden, A., Murray, A., Welch, A., Hatherley, K., Day, N., Smith, W., MacRae, E., Mitchell, E.S., Mahmood, A., Elliot, J., Neilson, S., Biswas, V., Brown, C., Lewis, A., Ashton, A., Werring, D., Perry, R., Muhammad, R., Lee, Y.C., Black, A., Robinson, A., Williams, A., Banaras, A., Cahoy, C., Raingold, G., Marinescu, M., Atang, N., Bason, N., Francia, N., Obarey, S., Feerick, S., Joseph, J., Schulz, U., Irons, R., Benjamin, J., Quinn, L., Jhoots, M., Teal, R., Ford, G., Harston, G., Bains, H., Gbinigie, I., Mathieson, P., Irons, R., Sim, C.H., Hayter, E., Kennedy, K., Binnie, L., Priestley, N., Williams, R., Ghatala, R., Stratton, S., Blight, A., Zhang, L., Davies, A., Duffy, H., Roberts, J., Homer, J., Roberts, K., Dodd, K., Cawley, K., Martin, M., Leason, S., Cotgreave, S., Taylor, T., Nallasivan, A., Haider, S., Chakraborty, T., Webster, T., Gil, A., Martin, B., Joseph, B., Cabrera, C., Jose, D., Man, J., Aquino, J., Sebastian, S., Osterdahl, M., Kwan, M., Matthew, M., Ike, N., Bello, P., Wilding, P., Fuentes, R., Shah, R., Mashate, S., Patel, T., Nwanguma, U., Dave, V., Haber, A., Lee, A., O'Sullivan, A., Drumm, B., Dawson, A.C., Matar, T., Biswas, V., Roberts, D., Taylor, E., Rounis, E., El-Masry, A., O'Hare, C., Kalladka, D., Jamil, S., Auger, S., Raha, O., Evans, M., Vonberg, F., Kalam, S., Ali Sheikh, A., Jenkins, I.H., George, J., Kwan, J., Blagojevic, J., Saeed, M., Haji-Coll, M., Tsuda, M., Sayed, M., Winterkron, N., Thanbirajah, N., Vittay, O., Karim, R., Smail, R.C., Gauhar, S., Elmamoun, S., Malani, S., Pralhad Kelavkar, S., Hiden, J., Ferdinand, P., Sanyal, R., Varquez, R., Smith, B., Okechukwu, C., Fox, E., Collins, E., Courtney, K., Tauro, S., Patterson, C., McShane, D., Kerr, E., Roberts, G., McIImoyle, J., McGuire, K., Fearon, P., Gordon, P., Isaacs, K., Lucas, K., Smith, L., Dews, L., Bates, M., Lawrence, S., Heeley, S., Patel, V., Chin, Y.M., Sims, D., Littleton, E., Khaira, J., Nadar, K., Kieliszkowska, A., Sari, B., Domingos Belo, C., Smith, E., Manolo, E.Y., Aeron-Thomas, J., Doheny, M., Garcia Pardo, M., Recaman, M., Tibajia, M.C., Aissa, M., Mah, Y., Yu, T., Patel, V., Meenakshisundaram, S., Heller, S., Alsukhni, R., Williams, O., Farag, M., Benger, M., Engineer, A., Aissa, M., Bayhonan, S., Conway, S., Bhalla, A., Nouvakis, D., Theochari, E., Boyle, F., Teo, J., King-Robson, J., Law, K.Y., Sztriha, L., Ismail, M., McGovern, A., Day, D., Mitchell-Douglas, J., Francis, J., Iqbal, A., Punjabivaryani, P., Anonuevo Reyes, J., Anonuevo Reyes, M., Pauls, M., Buch, A., Hedstrom, A., Hutchinson, C., Kirkland, C., Newham, J., Wilkes, G., Fleming, L., Fleck, N., Franca, A., Chwal, B., Oldoni, C., Mantovani, G., Noll, G., Zanella, L., Soma, M., Secchi, T., Borelli, W., Rimoli, B.P., da Cunha Silva, G.H., Machado Galvao Mondin, L.A., Barbosa Cerantola, R., Imthon, A.K., Esaki, A.S., Camilo, M., Vincenzi, O.C., ds Cruz, R.R., Morillos, M.B., Riccioppa Rodrigues, G.G., Santos Ferreira, K., Pazini, A.M., Pena Pereira, M.A., de Albuquerque, A.L.A., Massote Fontanini, C.E., Matinez Rubio, C.F., dos Santos, D.T., Dias, F.A., Alves, F.F.A., Milani, C., Pegorer Santos, B., Winckler, F., De Souza, J.T., Bonome, L.A.M., Cury Silva, V.A., Teodoro, R.S., Modolo, G.P., Ferreira, N.C., Barbosa dos Santos, D.F., dos Santos Moreira, J.C., Cruz Guedes de Morais, A.B., Vieira, J., Mendes, G., and de Queiroz, J.P.

Abstract

Individuals with minor ischaemic stroke and intracranial occlusion are at increased risk of poor outcomes. Intravenous thrombolysis with tenecteplase might improve outcomes in this population. We aimed to test the superiority of intravenous tenecteplase over non-thrombolytic standard of care in patients with minor ischaemic stroke and intracranial occlusion or focal perfusion abnormality.

Published
2024
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28. A finite element analysis of a silicon based double quantum dot structure

Author

Rahman, S., Gorman, J., Barnes, C. H. W., Williams, D. A., and Langtangen, H. P.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

We present the results of a finite-element solution of the Laplace equation for the silicon-based trench-isolated double quantum-dot and the capacitively-coupled single-electron transistor device architecture. This system is a candidate for charge and spin-based quantum computation in the solid state, as demonstrated by recent coherent-charge oscillation experiments. Our key findings demonstrate control of the electric potential and electric field in the vicinity of the double quantum-dot by the electric potential applied to the in-plane gates. This constitutes a useful theoretical analysis of the silicon-based architecture for quantum information processing applications.

Published
2005
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29. Charge-qubit operation of an isolated double quantum dot

Author

Gorman, J., Hasko, D. G., and Williams, D. A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We have investigated coherent time evolution of pseudo-molecular states of an isolated (leadless) silicon double quantum-dot, where operations are carried out via capacitively-coupled elements. Manipulation is performed by short pulses applied to a nearby gate, and measurement is performed by a single-electron transistor. The electrical isolation of this qubit results in a significantly longer coherence time than previous reports for semiconductor charge qubits realized in artificial molecules., Comment: 4 journal pages, 4 figures, Letter

Published
2005
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31. A review of global ocean temperature observations: Implications for ocean heat content estimates and climate change

Author

Abraham, J. P, Baringer, M., Bindoff, N. L, Boyer, T., Cheng, L. J, Church, J. A, Conroy, J. L, Domingues, C. M, Fasullo, J. T, Gilson, J., Goni, G., Good, S. A, Gorman, J. M, Gouretski, V., Ishii, M., Johnson, G. C, Kizu, S., Lyman, J. M, Macdonald, A. M, Minkowycz, W. J, Moffitt, S. E, Palmer, M. D, Piola, A. R, Reseghetti, F., Schuckmann, K., Trenberth, K. E, Velicogna, I., and Willis, J. K

Subjects
global warming, ocean heat content, Argo float, thermosteric sea level rise, expendable bathythermograph, Earth energy balance, sea-level rise, expendable bathythermograph XBT, earths energy imbalance, western South-Atlantic, theta-s climatology, fall-rate, profiling floats, subsurface temperature, surface temperatures, content variability
Abstract

The evolution of ocean temperature measurement systems is presented with a focus on the development and accuracy of two critical devices in use today (expendable bathythermographs and conductivity-temperature-depth instruments used on Argo floats). A detailed discussion of the accuracy of these devices and a projection of the future of ocean temperature measurements are provided. The accuracy of ocean temperature measurements is discussed in detail in the context of ocean heat content, Earth's energy imbalance, and thermosteric sea level rise. Up-to-date estimates are provided for these three important quantities. The total energy imbalance at the top of atmosphere is best assessed by taking an inventory of changes in energy storage. The main storage is in the ocean, the latest values of which are presented. Furthermore, despite differences in measurement methods and analysis techniques, multiple studies show that there has been a multidecadal increase in the heat content of both the upper and deep ocean regions, which reflects the impact of anthropogenic warming. With respect to sea level rise, mutually reinforcing information from tide gauges and radar altimetry shows that presently, sea level is rising at approximately 3 mm yr−1 with contributions from both thermal expansion and mass accumulation from ice melt. The latest data for thermal expansion sea level rise are included here and analyzed.

Published
2013

37. Vortex formation in the flow around a lifting aerofoil

Author

Gorman, J.

Subjects
629.13
Abstract

This thesis presents an investigation of vortex formation in the flow around a lifting aerofoil both with and without acoustic forcing. The chord Reynolds number range covered is from 3000 to 300000. At low chord Reynolds number, (3000 to 20000), and low incidence, (0 to 8°), vortex formation in the flow around an aerofoil has been studied in a water tunnel. Stability theory and in particular the concepts of absolute and convective instability are applied to the aerofoil wake. It is found that for non zero incidence a region of absolutely unstable flow is associated with the separation bubble. Koch's (1985) global mode selection criteria is applied to the wake and is found to give good agreement with the experimentally measured vortex formation frequency. This implies the existence of a critical profile in the wake which, in conjunction with the aerofoil trailing edge, traps energy at the vortex formation frequency. At higher chord Reynolds numbers, (17000 to 300000), the vortex formation characteristics of the aerofoil are further examined both with and without the excitation of an acoustic resonance. Detailed phase averaged measurements of the aerofoil wake are made allowing examination of its structure during resonance. A novel scheme for the accurate measurement of vortex phase is introduced, based on comparison of vortical structure of the vortex formation region using two-dimensional cross-correlation. The results obtained support a modified version of the acoustic resonance excitation mechanism proposed by of Arbey and Bataille (1983). Vortex street structures considerably different to the classic Kármán vortex street are observed. For antisymmetric streets, the vortex spacing ratio h/l is shown to be widely different from the theoretical value of 0.281 obtained by von Kármán and Rubach.

Published
1995

38. Theme 07 - Pre-Clinical Therapeutic Strategies.

Author

Flynn, L., Smith, R., Hara, N., Wilton, S., Metz, C., Turner, B., Akkari, A., Chisholm, C., Bartlett, R., Proctor, E., Farrawell, N., Gorman, J., Brown, M., Delerue, F., Ittner, L., Cashman, N., McAlary, L., Lum, J., Yerbury, J., and Dosseto, A.

Subjects
AMYOTROPHIC lateral sclerosis, LIBRARY users, DRUG target
Abstract

The article titled "Theme 07 - Pre-Clinical Therapeutic Strategies" was written by a large group of authors and published in the journal Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis & Frontotemporal Degeneration. The article discusses various pre-clinical therapeutic strategies for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). The authors present a comprehensive review of the current research in this field, including potential therapeutic targets and approaches. This article would be useful for library patrons conducting research on ALS and FTD and provides a diverse range of perspectives on the topic. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023
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47. Platforms for AAL Applications

Author

Fagerberg, Gunnar, Kung, Antonio, Wichert, Reiner, Tazari, Mohammad-Reza, Jean-Bart, Bruno, Bauer, Gerald, Zimmermann, Gottfried, Furfari, Francesco, Potortì, F., Chessa, S., Hellenschmidt, M., Gorman, J., Alexandersson, Jan, Bund, Jürgen, Carrasco, Eduardo, Epelde, Gorka, Klima, Martin, Urdaneta, Elena, Vanderheiden, Gregg, Zinnikus, Ingo, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Lukowicz, Paul, editor, Kunze, Kai, editor, and Kortuem, Gerd, editor

Published
2010
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50. Pasture legumes for high-quality dry-season cattle forage on red basalt soils in north Queensland

Author

Cox, Kendrick G., Gorman, J., Lemin, Craig, Dayes, Steven, Bambling, Alice, Cox, Kendrick G., Gorman, J., Lemin, Craig, Dayes, Steven, and Bambling, Alice

Abstract

Beef cattle production in the seasonally dry zone of north Queensland is based on uncleared native grasslands. Rainfall-related cycles in native grass growth and maturation results in low levels of dietary protein and metabolisable energy during the dry season (May-October in most years), which limits animal growth and business productivity (Rolfe et al. 2016). Sown legumes (notably Stylosanthes spp.) can improve the seasonal supply and quality of feed on infertile soils used for extensive grazing (Anon 1994) and is the best option to improve business resilience and profitability (Bowen et al. 2019). The Department of Agriculture and Fisheries is testing 'production paddocks' using pasture legumes grown in strips (as one option) and supplementing soil available phosphorous (P) and/or sulphur (S) to improve dry-season diets. Initially a range of pasture legumes were grown in replicated (3) small plots on 14 land-types to identify legume (and grass) lines for subsequent research. The results presented here represent red basalt soils near Mt. Surprise in north Queensland, characterised by high available soil P and low S. This land-type can produce 2900 kg DM/ha native grass in good condition (Ash et al. 2016), but is often degraded and invaded by low biomass grasses (e.g. Bothriochloa pertusa).

Published
2022

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