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8. Metagenome tracking biogeographic agroecology: Phytobiota of tomatoes from Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina and California

Author

Ottesen, Andrea R., Ramachandran, Padmini, Reed, E., Gu, G., Gorham, S., Ducharme, D., Newell, M., Rideout, Steven L., Turini, T., Hill, T., Strain, E., Brown, E., Ottesen, Andrea R., Ramachandran, Padmini, Reed, E., Gu, G., Gorham, S., Ducharme, D., Newell, M., Rideout, Steven L., Turini, T., Hill, T., Strain, E., and Brown, E.

Abstract

Describing baseline microbiota associated with agricultural commodities in the field is an important step towards improving our understanding of a wide range of important objectives from plant pathology and horticultural sustainability, to food safety. Environmental pressures on plants (wind, dust, drought, water, temperature) vary by geography and characterizing the impact of these variable pressures on phyllosphere microbiota will contribute to improved stewardship of fresh produce for both plant and human health. A higher resolution understanding of the incidence of human pathogens on food plants and co-occurring phytobiota using metagenomic approaches (metagenome tracking) may contribute to improved source attribution and risk assessment in cases where human pathogens become introduced to agro-ecologies. Between 1990 and 2007, as many as 1990 culture-confirmed Salmonella illnesses were linked to tomatoes from as many as 12 multistate outbreaks (Bell et al., 2012; Bell et al., 2015; Bennett et al., 2014; CDC, 2004; CDC, 2007; Greene et al., 2005a; Gruszynski et al., 2014). When possible, source attribution for these incidents revealed a biogeographic trend, most events were associated with eastern growing regions. To improve our understanding of potential biogeographically linked trends in contamination of tomatoes by Salmonella, we profiled microbiota from the surfaces of tomatoes from Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina and California. Bacterial profiles from California tomatoes were completely different than those of Maryland, Virginia and North Carolina (which were highly similar to each other). A statistically significant enrichment of Firmicutes taxa was observed in California phytobiota compared to the three eastern states. Rhizobiaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae and Xanthobacteraceae were the most abundant bacterial families associated with tomatoes grown in eastern states. These baseline metagenomic profiles of phyllosphere microbiota may contribute to improved

Published
2018
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9. Metagenome tracking biogeographic agroecology: Phytobiota of tomatoes from Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina and California

Author

Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, Ottesen, Andrea R., Ramachandran, Padmini, Reed, E., Gu, G., Gorham, S., Ducharme, D., Newell, M., Rideout, Steven L., Turini, T., Hill, T., Strain, E., Brown, E., Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, Ottesen, Andrea R., Ramachandran, Padmini, Reed, E., Gu, G., Gorham, S., Ducharme, D., Newell, M., Rideout, Steven L., Turini, T., Hill, T., Strain, E., and Brown, E.

Abstract

Describing baseline microbiota associated with agricultural commodities in the field is an important step towards improving our understanding of a wide range of important objectives from plant pathology and horticultural sustainability, to food safety. Environmental pressures on plants (wind, dust, drought, water, temperature) vary by geography and characterizing the impact of these variable pressures on phyllosphere microbiota will contribute to improved stewardship of fresh produce for both plant and human health. A higher resolution understanding of the incidence of human pathogens on food plants and co-occurring phytobiota using metagenomic approaches (metagenome tracking) may contribute to improved source attribution and risk assessment in cases where human pathogens become introduced to agro-ecologies. Between 1990 and 2007, as many as 1990 culture-confirmed Salmonella illnesses were linked to tomatoes from as many as 12 multistate outbreaks (Bell et al., 2012; Bell et al., 2015; Bennett et al., 2014; CDC, 2004; CDC, 2007; Greene et al., 2005a; Gruszynski et al., 2014). When possible, source attribution for these incidents revealed a biogeographic trend, most events were associated with eastern growing regions. To improve our understanding of potential biogeographically linked trends in contamination of tomatoes by Salmonella, we profiled microbiota from the surfaces of tomatoes from Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina and California. Bacterial profiles from California tomatoes were completely different than those of Maryland, Virginia and North Carolina (which were highly similar to each other). A statistically significant enrichment of Firmicutes taxa was observed in California phytobiota compared to the three eastern states. Rhizobiaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae and Xanthobacteraceae were the most abundant bacterial families associated with tomatoes grown in eastern states. These baseline metagenomic profiles of phyllosphere microbiota may contribute to improved

Published
2018

11. Antibody-mediated Rejection: Should We Wait for Clinical Diagnosis?

Author

Agbor-Enoh, S., primary, Jackson, A., additional, Berry, G., additional, Cochrane, A., additional, Tunc, I., additional, Jang, M., additional, Bhatti, K., additional, Marishta, A., additional, Gorham, S., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Fideli, U., additional, Zhu, J., additional, Pirooznia, M., additional, Grimm, D., additional, Luikart, H., additional, Shah, P., additional, Timofte, I., additional, Iacono, A., additional, Cao, Z., additional, Brown, A.W., additional, Orens, J., additional, Marboe, C., additional, Nathan, S., additional, Khush, K., additional, and Valantine, H., additional

Published
2018
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12. Is the New ISHLT Criteria for Pulmonary Antibody-mediated Rejection Also a Severity Indicator?

Author

Agbor-Enoh, S., primary, Cochrane, A., additional, Jackson, A., additional, Tunc, I., additional, Shah, P., additional, Cao, Z., additional, Brown, A., additional, Timofte, I., additional, Marishta, A., additional, Jang, M., additional, Gorham, S., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Fideli, U., additional, Iacono, A., additional, Nathan, S., additional, Orens, J., additional, and Valantine, H., additional

Published
2018
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13. Clinically-unrecognized Allograft Injury is Common After Lung Transplantion

Author

Agbor-Enoh, S., primary, Tunc, I., additional, Gorham, S., additional, Jang, M., additional, Fideli, U., additional, Marishta, A., additional, Zhu, J., additional, Pirooznia, M., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Davis, A., additional, Grimm, D., additional, Cao, Z., additional, Luikart, H., additional, Shah, P., additional, Timofte, I., additional, Brown, A.W., additional, Iacono, A., additional, Nathan, S., additional, Orens, J., additional, Khush, K., additional, and Valantine, H., additional

Published
2018
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14. Association Between LVAD and Cardiac Allograft Injury Following Heart Transplantation as Assessed by Cell-Free DNA

Author

Rodrigo, M.E., primary, Agbor-Enoh, S., additional, Gorham, S., additional, Fideli, U., additional, Tunc, I., additional, Jang, M., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Bhatti, K., additional, Marishta, A., additional, Shah, P., additional, Pham, S., additional, Shah, K., additional, Russell, S., additional, Feller, E., additional, Najjar, S.S., additional, and Valantine, H., additional

Published
2017
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15. Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT) A Unique Cohort to Address Age, Sex and Race in Heart Transplants

Author

Fideli, U.S., primary, Agbor-Enoh, S., additional, Gorham, S., additional, Jang, M., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Bhatti, K., additional, Marishta, A., additional, Rodrigo, M.E., additional, Najjar, S., additional, Shah, K., additional, Russell, S., additional, Pham, S., additional, Feller, E., additional, Shah, P., additional, and Valantine, H., additional

Published
2017
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17. Pre-Transplant Donor-Recipient Characteristics and the Relationship to Early Cardiac Allograft Injury Measured by Cell-Free DNA

Author

Shah, P., primary, Agbor-Enoh, S., additional, Ulyanov, A., additional, Gorham, S., additional, Fideli, U., additional, Tunc, I., additional, Zhu, J., additional, Jang, M., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Bhatti, K., additional, Marishta, A., additional, Rodrigo, M.E., additional, Pham, S.M., additional, Shah, K.B., additional, Russell, S.D., additional, Feller, E., additional, and Valantine, H.A., additional

Published
2017
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18. Circulating Xenograft-Derived Cell-Free DNA as a Reliable Marker for Injury After Xenotransplantation

Author

Agbor-Enoh, S., primary, Chan, J.L., additional, Tunc, I., additional, Singh, A., additional, Gorham, S., additional, Zhu, J., additional, Pirooznia, M., additional, Corcoran, P., additional, Thomas, M.L., additional, Lewis, B., additional, Jang, M., additional, Ayares, D.L., additional, Horvath, K., additional, Valantine, H.A., additional, and Mohiuddin, M.M., additional

Published
2017
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19. Relationship of Early Lung Allograft Injury as Measured by Cell Free DNA with Donor and Recipient Characteristics

Author

Pham, S.M., primary, Agbor-Enoh, S., additional, Shah, P., additional, Timofte, I., additional, Nathan, S., additional, Orens, J., additional, Brown, A., additional, Gorham, S., additional, Bhatti, K., additional, Marishta, A., additional, Jang, M., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Fideli, U., additional, Tunc, I., additional, Zhu, J., additional, Iacono, A., additional, and Valantine, H., additional

Published
2017
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42. Skin cancer education and early detection at the beach: a randomized trial of dermatologist examination and biometric feedback.

Author

Emmons KM, Geller AC, Puleo E, Savadatti SS, Hu SW, Gorham S, Werchniak AE, Dana-Farber Skin Cancer Screening Group, Emmons, Karen M, Geller, Alan C, Puleo, Elaine, Savadatti, Sanghamitra S, Hu, Stephanie W, Gorham, Susan, and Werchniak, Andrew E

Abstract

Background: There are limited data on the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention education and early detection programs at beaches.Objectives: We evaluate 4 strategies for addressing skin cancer prevention in beach settings.Methods: This prospective study at 4 beaches included 4 intervention conditions: (1) education only; (2) education plus biometric feedback; (3) education plus dermatologist skin examination; or (4) education plus biometric feedback and dermatologist skin examination. Outcomes included sun protection behaviors, sunburns, and skin self-examinations.Results: There was a significant increase in hat wearing, sunscreen use, and a reduction in sunburns in the education plus biometric feedback group (odds ratio = 1.97, 1.94, and 1.07, respectively), and greater improvements in knowing what to look for in skin-self examinations (odds ratio = 1.13); there were no differences in frequency of self-examinations. Skin examinations plus biometric feedback led to greater reductions in sunburns. The dermatologist examinations identified atypical moles in 28% of participants.Limitations: Inclusion of only one beach per condition, use of self-report data, and a limited intervention period are limitations.Conclusions: Education and biometric feedback may be more effective than education alone for impacting sun protective attitudes and behaviors in beachgoing, high-risk populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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46. The SunWise Policy intervention for school-based sun protection: a pilot study.

Author

Emmons KM, Geller AC, Viswanath V, Rutsch L, Zwrin J, Gorham S, and Puleo E

Abstract

Skin cancer is highly preventable, but clearly there is a critical need to focus on better ways to disseminate information about known skin cancer prevention. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) SunWise Program is one channel for reaching children, teachers, and school nurses. In a pilot study designed to increase adoption of school-based sun protection policies, 28 schools were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Control, which included the EPA's original SunWise curriculum toolkit; SunWise Policy, which included a revised toolkit emphasizing policy; and SunWise Policy plus Technical Assistance, which included the policy toolkit and 3 technical assistance phone calls. The enhanced SunWise Policy plus Technical Assistance intervention led to more new sun protection policies. Use of study interventions for improving sun protection practices such as policy toolkits or brief counseling can be easily interwoven into school hours by school nurses and other health educators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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