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4. Roadmap for Operational Support in the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program: Plan for 2017–2022; Supporting Continental Scientific Drilling: Perspectives from within and without

Author

Behrends, K., Conze, Ronald, Gorgas, T., Harms, Ulrich, Knebel, Carola, Kück, Jochem, Pierdominici, S., Prevedel, Bernhard, Wiersberg, T., and ICDP OSG

Abstract

The different perspectives The Operational Support Group (OSG) of the ICDP organized the symposium "Supporting Continental Scientific Drilling: Perspectives from within and without" in October 2016. The meeting was dedicated to celebrate the 20 years existence of ICDP and to plan the future of operational support within the program. This symposium summarized perceptions of panel members, proponents, and the agencies that fund the program. This roadmap highlights the results of the meeting and provides routes to secure the future role of operational support in ICDP. Key recommendations The main result of the symposium are four key recommendations: i) focus in education and outreach by addressing stakeholders at large; ii) set up additional standard blueprints for managing drilling projects; iii) invest in personnel and software to ensure data logging and data access; iv) acquire new instrumentation to ensure best possible on site science. Implementing these measures will require augmented financial support by ICDP but such investment will lead to improved scientific output, better quality and availability of data gained and higher safety in ICDP.

Published
2017

7. Observation of convection initiation processes with a suite of state-of-the-art research instruments during COPS IOP 8b

Author

Behrendt, Andreas, Pal, S., Aoshima, F., Bender, M., Blyth, A., Corsmeier, U., Cuesta, J., Dick, G., Dorninger, M, Flamant, Cyrille, Di Girolamo, P., Gorgas, T., Huang, Y., Kalthoff, N., Wieser, Andreas, Wulfmeyer, V., Khodayar, S., Mannstein, H., Träumner, K., Institut für Physik und Meteorologie [Stuttgart] (IPM), Universität Hohenheim, GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), National Centre for Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (NCAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik [Wien] (IMGW), Universität Wien, SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Fisica dell'Ambiente [Potenza] (Difa), Università degli studi della Basilicata [Potenza] (UNIBAS), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)

Subjects
Fernerkundung der Atmosphäre, Mountains, 550 - Earth sciences, precipitation, Remote sensing, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, Orography, convection
Abstract

International audience; In the afternoon of 15 July 2007, a thunderstorm was initiated within a line of cumulus clouds which formed parallel to the crest of the Black Forest mountains during the Intensive Observation Period (IOP) 8b of the Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS). This paper extends the analysis of processes that led to convection initiation (CI), i.e. the transition from shallow to deep convection, on this day with the data from several COPS instruments that have not been considered in previous studies. In particular, the boundary-layer structure, lids and the water-vapour field in the pre-convective environment of the event are discussed. For this purpose, we investigated measurements of water-vapour lidars, temperature lidars and wind lidars, profiles from radiosondes, in situ aircraft data and gridded data of weather stations as well as GPS integrated-water-vapour data and satellite imagery. Thermally driven circulation systems formed over both the Black Forest and the Vosges mountain ranges which resulted in local convergence zones. These superimposed with the large-scale convergence in the Black Forest area. In the presence of sufficient moisture and updraught, clouds formed close to the mountain crests. The related latent-heat release allowed larger thermals to be produced, which may have had a positive feedback on stabilizing these convergence zones as a whole. We believe that differences in the moisture field explain why convection remained shallow and sparse over the Vosges mountains because these differences were responsible for differences in convective inhibition (CIN). The stationary location of the convergence zone over the southern Black Forest was probably decisive for CI because it constantly transported sensible and latent heat into the area in which CI took place.

Published
2011

8. The Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study (COPS): the scientific strategy, the field phase, and research highlights RID G-9506-2011

Author

Wulfmeyer, V, Behrendt, A, Kottmeier, C, Corsmeier, U, Barthlott, C, Craig, Gc, Hagen, M, Althausen, D, Aoshima, F, Arpagaus, M, Bauer, Hs, Bennett, L, Blyth, A, Brandau, C, Champollion, C, Crewell, S, Dick, G, Di Girolamo, P, Dorninger, M, Dufournet, Y, Eigenmann, R, Engelmann, R, Flamant, C, Foken, T, Gorgas, T, Grzeschik, M, Handwerker, J, Hauck, C, Holler, H, Junkermann, W, Kalthoff, N, Kiemle, C, Klink, S, Konig, M, Krauss, L, Long, Cn, Madonna, F, Mobbs, S, Neininger, B, Pal, S, Peters, G, Pigeon, G, Richard, E, Rotach, Mw, Russchenberg, H, Schwitalla, T, Smith, V, Steinacker, R, Trentmann, J, Turner, Dd, van Baelen, J, Vogt, S, Volkert, H, Weckwerth, T, Wernli, H, Wieser, A, and Wirth, M

Published
2011

9. Precipitations on the lee side of the Vosges Mountains : 2 case studies from the COPS campaign

Author

Labbouz, L., van Baelen, J., Reverdy, M., Tridon, F., Flamant, Cyrille, Hagen, M., Weckwerth, T., Dick, G., Gorgas, T., Richard, E., Schmidt, K., Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre (IPA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling] (DLR), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Department of Meteorology and Geophysics [Vienna], Universität Wien, Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

International audience; The international field campaign COPS (Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study) took place from 01 June to 31 August 2007 in a low mountain area in southwestern Germany/ eastern France. In this poster we will explore the lee side precipitations due to shallow and deep convection during two Intensive Observation Period (IOP) of COPS. For the observations of the precipitating systems, we use two radars plus two extra Doppler on Wheels radars for the wind field. From a network of GPS stations, we retrieve the 3D water vapour field using a tomography software. Complementary information about wind field and moisture flux convergence is given by Vienna Enhanced Resolution Analysis (VERA). We will give a special attention to small scale orographic effects on the development of precipitations, including the role of water vapor convergence as a precursor to the convective initiation and the links between water vapour field evolution and convective development.

Published
2010

14. In-Situ Acoustic and Laboratory Ultrasonic Sound Speed and Attenuation Measured in Heterogeneous Seabed Sediments: Eel Margin, California

Author

NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV, Richardson, Michael D., Briggs, Kevin B., Gorgas, T. J., Wilkens, R. H., Frazer, N. L., NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV, Richardson, Michael D., Briggs, Kevin B., Gorgas, T. J., Wilkens, R. H., and Frazer, N. L.

Abstract

We calculated in-situ and laboratory measurements of sound speed and attenuation in seafloor sediments from the shallow water delta of the Eel River, California. This region receives a substantial volume of fluvial sediments that is discharged annually onto the shell. Additionally, high input of fluvial sediments during storms generates flood deposits characterized by thin-beds of variable grain-sizes in water depths between 40 and 90 m. Main objectives of this study were (1) to investigate signatures of seafloor processes on geoacoustics and physical properties, and (2) to evaluate differences between geoacoustics parameters measured in-situ at acoustic (7.5 kHz) and in the laboratory at ultrasonic (400 kHz) frequencies. The in-situ acoustic measurements were conducted between the 60 and 100 isobath. Wet-bulk density and porosity profiles were obtained to 1.15 meters below seafloor (mdsf) using gravity cores of the mostly cohesive fine-grained sediments across and along shelf. Our physical and geoacoustics property measurements from six selected sites on the Eel margin showed (1) Sound speed and wet bulk density strongly correlated.

Published
2000

15. Calibration and downscaling of seasonal soil moisture forecasts using satellite data.

Author

Schneider, S., Jann, A., and Gorgas, T.

Abstract

A new approach to calibrate and downscale soil moisture forecasts from the seasonal ensemble prediction forecasting system of ECMWF is presented in this study. Soil moisture forecasts from this system are rarely used nowadays though they could provide valuable information. Weaknesses of the model soil scheme in forecasting soil water content are the main reason why soil water information is not used so far. The basic idea to overcome some of the modelling problems is the application of additional information provided by two satellite measurement systems (ASCAT and ENVISAT ASAR) to improve the forecast quality. Seasonal forecasts from 2011 and 2012 have been compared to in-situ measurements sites in Kenya to test the approach. Results confirm that both the calibration and the downscaling can add skill to the forecasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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17. Environmental significance of the Mediterranean Outflow Water and its global implications

Author

Hernández-Molina, F. J., Stow, D. A. V., Zarikian, C. A., Williams, T., Lofi, J., Acton, G. D., Bahr, A., Balestra, B., Ducassou, E., Flood, R. D., Flores, J. -A, Furota, S., Grunert, P., Hodell, D. A., Francisco J. JIMENEZ-ESPEJO, Kim, J. K., Krissek, L. A., Kuroda, J., Li, B., Lourens, L., Miller, M. D., Nanayama, F., Nishida, N., Richter, C., Sanchez Goni, M. F., Sierro Sánchez, F. J., Singh, A. D., Sloss, C. R., Takashimizu, Y., Tzanova, A., Voelker, A., Xuan, C., Barranco, E. L., Freixo Roque, A. C., Pereira, H., Banta, G., Barnes, H., Beck, J., Bennight, C., Blaisdell, T., Broyles, C., Claassen, E., Cobine, T., Davis, R., Gorgas, T., Grout, R., Gustafson, T., Hall, H., Herrmann, S., Hodge, M., Hornbacher, D., Jurie Kotze, J., Moortgat, E., Peng, C., Pleasant, P., Prinz, S., Rotella, M., Swain, K., and Vasilyeva, Y.

18. Hess deep plutonic crust: Exploring the plutonic crust at a fast-spreading ridge: New drilling at Hess Deep

Author

Gillis, K. M., Snow, J. E., Klaus, A., Guerin, G., Abe, N., Akizawa, N., Ceuleneer, G., Cheadle, M. J., Britoadrião, Á, Faak, K., Falloon, T. J., Friedman, S. A., Godard, M. M., Harigane, Y., Horst, A. J., TAKASHI HOSHIDE, Ildefonse, B., Jean, M. M., John, B. E., Koepke, J. H., Machi, S., Maeda, J., Marks, N. E., Mccaig, A. M., Meyer, R., Morris, A., Nozaka, T., Python, M., Saha, A., Wintsch, R. P., Breadley, S., Malone, W., Berenguer, J. -L, Gebbels, S., Kurtz, N., Bertoli, M., Brandt, L., Bronk, K., Bronk, T., Broyles, C., Crawford, W., Crowder, L., Fackler, D., Fisher, E., Fulton, T., Furman, C., Gjesvold, R., Gorgas, T., Grigar, K., Hastedt, M., Hodge, M., Hornbacher, D., Mills, W., Storms, M., Peter, C. St, Trefethen, A., and Rensburg, G.

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