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2. Visual Snow Syndrome is unstable: A longitudinal investigation of VSS symptoms in a Naïve population.

Author

Thompson, Amy Claire, Goodbourn, Patrick T., and Forte, Jason D.

Subjects
*VISUAL fields, *TEST validity, *NEUROLOGICAL disorders, *QUESTIONNAIRES, *SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the nature of subclinical Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS). We sought to develop a means of recruiting naïve participants with subclinical VSS symptoms to participate in research; and to understand whether subclinical VSS symptoms are stable across time. VSS is a recently characterised neurological condition, whose primary symptom is visual snow (dynamic noise in the visual field). There is evidence that VSS may be common in the general population and that it is unnoticed by many who experience it. To fully characterise VSS, it is important to understand whether (and how) subclinical VSS progresses to a clinical form. Methods: Here, we present two related studies: Study 1 develops and validates the Melbourne Visual Snow Questionnaire (MVSQ), a tool for screening the general population for VSS symptoms; and Study 2 investigates the stability of subclinical VSS. We developed the MVSQ based on the results of other recent work investigating undiagnosed cases of VSS, and a validated questionnaire designed to identify people with tinnitus for research participation. We then tested the MVSQ in a population with clinical VSS, including assessing face validity (i.e., the extent to which people with clinical VSS believed the questionnaire accurately captured their symptoms). In Study 2, we deployed the MVSQ in a naïve sample of 155 participants, who completed the MVSQ twice, 6 weeks apart. Results: The results of Study 1 indicated that the MVSQ was a viable method of recruiting people who experience VSS symptoms for research participation. It was deemed to have appropriate face validity and to pose little burden to those who completed it. In Study 2, VSS symptoms changed substantially across a 6‐week period. Cohen's weighted kappa for diagnosis was 0.56, 95% CI [0.43, 0.69]. However, the impact of perceptual experiences was low and did not change over time, rank ICC = 0.71, 95% CI [0.59, 0.82]. Interpretation: The MVSQ is appropriate for assessing perceptual experiences in the general population. Determining the exact time scale across which symptoms fluctuate is important for understanding both clinical and subclinical cases of VSS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. Visual Working Memory for Letters Varies with Familiarity but Not Complexity

Author

Ngiam, William X. Q., Khaw, Kimberley L. C., Holcombe, Alex O., and Goodbourn, Patrick T.

Abstract

Visual working memory (VWM) is limited in both the "capacity" of information it can retain and the "rate" at which it encodes that information. We examined the influence of stimulus complexity on these 2 limitations of VWM. Observers performed a change-detection task with English letters of various fonts or letters from unfamiliar alphabets. Average "perimetric complexity" ([kappa])--an objective correlate of the number of features comprising each letter--differed among the fonts and alphabets. Varying the time between the memory array and mask, we used change-detection performance to estimate the number of items held in VWM (K) as a function of encoding time. For all alphabets, K increased over 270 ms (indicating the rate of encoding) before reaching an asymptote (indicating capacity). We found that rate and capacity for each alphabet were unrelated to complexity: Performance was best modeled by assuming that both were limited by number of "items" ("K"), rather than by number of "features" ("K" × [kappa]). We also found a higher encoding rate and capacity for familiar alphabets (~45 items s[superscript -1]; ~4 items) than for unfamiliar alphabets (~12 items s[superscript -1]; ~1.5 items). We then compared the familiar English alphabet to an unfamiliar artificial character set matched in complexity. Again, rate and capacity was higher for the familiar than for the unfamiliar stimuli. We conclude that rate and capacity for encoding into visual working memory is determined by the number of familiar feature-integrated object representations.

Published
2019
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4. Sleep after practice reduces the attentional blink

Author

Cellini, Nicola, Goodbourn, Patrick T, McDevitt, Elizabeth A, Martini, Paolo, Holcombe, Alex O, and Mednick, Sara C

Subjects
Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Neurosciences, Sleep Research, Clinical Research, Attentional Blink, Female, Humans, Male, Practice, Psychological, Sleep, Time Factors, Young Adult, Attentional blink, Daytime naps, N2 sleep, Selective attention, Sleep spindles, Practice, Cognitive Sciences, Experimental Psychology, Biological psychology, Cognitive and computational psychology
Abstract

The attentional blink (AB) is an impairment in detecting the second of two targets that appear in close temporal succession. We investigated the effect of practice and a nap on the magnitude of the AB deficit. We found evidence that sleep boosts practice-dependent reduction of the AB. Participants reported two target letters embedded in a rapid serial visual presentation display. After two morning sessions, half the participants took a polysomnographically recorded nap, while the others remained awake. Comparing two afternoon sessions to the two morning sessions, we observed a decreased AB only within the group who napped. The improvement was due to increased efficacy of the attentional selection of T2 (the probability of reporting a T2-relevant item). There was no change in selection's latency or temporal precision. The magnitude of improvement was positively associated with the duration of N2 sleep and the number of N2 sleep spindles. Our results suggest that sleep, particularly N2 sleep and sleep spindles, improves attentional selection in time.

Published
2015

5. Reading Direction Influences Lateral Biases in Letter Processing

Author

Ransley, Kim, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Nguyen, Elizabeth H. L., Moustafa, Ahmed A., and Holcombe, Alex O.

Abstract

Humans have a limited capacity to identify concurrent, briefly presented targets. Recent experiments using concurrent rapid serial visual presentation of letters in horizontally displaced streams have documented a deficit specific to the stream in the right visual field. The cause of this deficit might be either prioritization of the left item based on participants' experience reading from left to right, or a right-hemisphere advantage specific to dual stimulation. Here we test the reading-experience hypothesis by using participants who have experience reading both a language written left-to-right (English) and one written right-to-left (Arabic). When tested with English letters, these participants showed a deficit, of a similar magnitude to that found previously, for reporting the item on the right. However, when the stimuli were Arabic letters the deficit was absent. This suggests that reading direction plays a large role in the second-target deficit. The pattern of participants' errors suggests where in the processing stream reading experience affects stimulus processing: Specifically, the error pattern suggests that the limited-capacity stage responsible for the deficit corresponds to a postsampling process such as consolidation into short-term memory.

Published
2018
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12. 13q32.1 as a candidate region for physiological anisocoria.

Author

Bosten, Jenny M., Lawrance-Owen, Adam J., Bargary, Gary, Goodbourn, Patrick T., and Mollon, John D.

Abstract

Background Physiological anisocoria is an asymmetry of pupil size in the absence of pathology. Methods Images of the pupils under standard illumination were collected in the course of a whole-genome association study of a range of visual functions in 1060 healthy adults. DNA for each participant was extracted from saliva samples. Results We found no relationship between anisocoria and the difference in refraction between the eyes, nor between anisocoria and difference in acuity. There was a small but significant relationship with lightness of the iris, in that the eye with the smaller pupil was associated with the lighter iris. There was a strong association between anisocoria and a local region of chromosome 13 (13q32.1), a region lying between the genes GPR180 and SOX21. The strongest association was with the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs9524583. Conclusion The very specific region associated with anisocoria is one where microdeletions (or microduplications) are known to lead to abnormal development of pupil dilator muscle and hence to the autosomal dominant condition of microcoria. It is possible that alterations at 13q32.1 act by altering the expression of SOX21, which encodes a nuclear transcription factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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30. The Oxytocin Receptor Gene ( OXTR) and Face Recognition

Author

Verhallen, Roeland J, Bosten, Jenny M, Goodbourn, Patrick T, Lawrance-Owen, Adam J, Bargary, Gary, Mollon, JD, Mollon, John [0000-0001-8533-033X], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Genotype, Autism Spectrum Disorder, OXTR, Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Cambridge Face Memory Test, Recognition, Psychology, Oxytocin, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Young Adult, Memory, Receptors, Oxytocin, rs237887, Face, Humans, Female, Social Behavior, face recognition, oxytocin receptor gene
Abstract

A recent study has linked individual differences in face recognition to rs237887, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the oxytocin receptor gene ( OXTR; Skuse et al., 2014). In that study, participants were assessed using the Warrington Recognition Memory Test for Faces, but performance on Warrington's test has been shown not to rely purely on face recognition processes. We administered the widely used Cambridge Face Memory Test-a purer test of face recognition-to 370 participants. Performance was not significantly associated with rs237887, with 16 other SNPs of OXTR that we genotyped, or with a further 75 imputed SNPs. We also administered three other tests of face processing (the Mooney Face Test, the Glasgow Face Matching Test, and the Composite Face Test), but performance was never significantly associated with rs237887 or with any of the other genotyped or imputed SNPs, after corrections for multiple testing. In addition, we found no associations between OXTR and Autism-Spectrum Quotient scores.

Published
2017

31. An online version of the Mooney Face Test: phenotypic and genetic associations

Author

Verhallen, Roeland J, Bosten, Jenny M, Goodbourn, Patrick T, Bargary, Gary, Lawrance-Owen, Adam J, Mollon, JD, Mollon, John [0000-0001-8533-033X], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Adult, Male, RAPGEF5, Internet, Genome-wide association study (GWAS), Closure, Adolescent, Face perception, Data Collection, Choice Behavior, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Fingers, Mooney Face Test, Young Adult, rs1522280, Phenotype, Sex Factors, Gestalt perception, Face, Perceptual Closure, Individual differences, Humans, Female, ras Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

The Mooney Face Test is a widely used test of face perception, but was originally designed to be administered by personal interview. We have developed a three-alternative forced-choice version for online testing. We tested 397 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 42 (M=24 years). There was a wide range of performance (64-100% correct; M=89.6%). We observed a significant sex difference favoring males (.31 standard deviation; p =.004). In addition, independently of sex, higher 2D:4D digit ratios were significantly associated with higher scores (ρ=.14, p=.006). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) for a subset of 370 participants identified an association between Mooney performance and a polymorphism in the RAPGEF5 gene (rs1522280; p=9.68×10(-8)). This association survives a permutation test (p=.031).

Published
2014

38. Sleep modulates temporal attention

Author

Cellini, Nicola, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Mcdevitt, Elizabeth A., Holcombe, Alex O., Paolo, Martini, and Mednick, Sara C.

Published
2013

39. Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science

Author

Anderson, Joanna E., Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahník, Štěpán, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Brüning, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Conn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Penna, Nicolás Delia, Den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernández-Castilla, Belén, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Glöckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O Y, Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jäkel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniël, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Le Bel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, MacKinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Möschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Müller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Nicolas, Gandalf, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michèle B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, René, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L M, Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, Te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valášek, Milan, Van't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, Van Assen, Marcel, Van Bork, Riet, Van De Ven, Mathijs, Van Den Bergh, Don, Van Der Hulst, Marije, Van Dooren, Roel, Van Doorn, Johnny, Van Renswoude, Daan R., Van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverría, Alejandro Vásquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, Zuni, Kellylynn, Anderson, Joanna E., Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahník, Štěpán, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Brüning, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Conn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Penna, Nicolás Delia, Den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernández-Castilla, Belén, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Glöckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O Y, Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jäkel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniël, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Le Bel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, MacKinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Möschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Müller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Nicolas, Gandalf, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michèle B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, René, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L M, Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, Te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valášek, Milan, Van't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, Van Assen, Marcel, Van Bork, Riet, Van De Ven, Mathijs, Van Den Bergh, Don, Van Der Hulst, Marije, Van Dooren, Roel, Van Doorn, Johnny, Van Renswoude, Daan R., Van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverría, Alejandro Vásquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, and Zuni, Kellylynn

Abstract

Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. We conducted replications of 100 experimental and correlational studies published in three psychology journals using high-powered designs and original materials when available. Replication effects were half the magnitude of original effects, representing a substantial decline. Ninety-seven percent of original studies had statistically significant results. Thirty-six percent of replications had statistically significant results; 47% of original effect sizes were in the 95% confidence interval of the replication effect size; 39% of effects were subjectively rated to have replicated the original result; and if no bias in original results is assumed, combining original and replication results left 68% with statistically significant effects. Correlational tests suggest that replication success was better predicted by the strength of original evidence than by characteristics of the original and replication teams.

Published
2015

40. Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science

Author

Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Joanna E., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahnik, Stepan, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Bruening, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Cohn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D. Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Della Penna, Nicolas, den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernandez-Castilla, Belen, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Gloeckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O. -Y., Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jaekel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer, Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniel, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana, LeBel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, Mackinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Moeschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Mueller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Gandalf, Nicolas, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michele B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, Rene, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L. M., Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valasek, Milan, van 't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, van Assen, Marcel, van Bork, Riet, van de Ven, Mathijs, van den Bergh, Don, van der Hulst, Marije, van Dooren, Roel, van Doorn, Johnny, van Renswoude, Daan R., van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverria, Alejandro Vasquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, Zuni, Kellylynn, Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Joanna E., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahnik, Stepan, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Bruening, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Cohn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D. Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Della Penna, Nicolas, den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernandez-Castilla, Belen, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Gloeckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O. -Y., Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jaekel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer, Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniel, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana, LeBel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, Mackinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Moeschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Mueller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Gandalf, Nicolas, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michele B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima-Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, Rene, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L. M., Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valasek, Milan, van 't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, van Assen, Marcel, van Bork, Riet, van de Ven, Mathijs, van den Bergh, Don, van der Hulst, Marije, van Dooren, Roel, van Doorn, Johnny, van Renswoude, Daan R., van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverria, Alejandro Vasquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, and Zuni, Kellylynn

Abstract

Reproducibility is a defining feature of science, but the extent to which it characterizes current research is unknown. We conducted replications of 100 experimental and correlational studies published in three psychology journals using high-powered designs and original materials when available. Replication effects were half the magnitude of original effects, representing a substantial decline. Ninety-seven percent of original studies had statistically significant results. Thirty-six percent of replications had statistically significant results; 47% of original effect sizes were in the 95% confidence interval of the replication effect size; 39% of effects were subjectively rated to have replicated the original result; and if no bias in original results is assumed, combining original and replication results left 68% with statistically significant effects. Correlational tests suggest that replication success was better predicted by the strength of original evidence than by characteristics of the original and replication teams.

Published
2015

41. Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science

Author

Social Networks, Solidarity and Inequality, Anderson, Joanna E., Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahník, Štěpán, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Brüning, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Conn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Penna, Nicolás Delia, Den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernández-Castilla, Belén, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Glöckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O Y, Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jäkel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniël, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Le Bel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, MacKinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Möschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Müller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Nicolas, Gandalf, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michèle B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, René, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L M, Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, Te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valášek, Milan, Van't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, Van Assen, Marcel, Van Bork, Riet, Van De Ven, Mathijs, Van Den Bergh, Don, Van Der Hulst, Marije, Van Dooren, Roel, Van Doorn, Johnny, Van Renswoude, Daan R., Van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverría, Alejandro Vásquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, Zuni, Kellylynn, Social Networks, Solidarity and Inequality, Anderson, Joanna E., Aarts, Alexander A., Anderson, Christopher J., Attridge, Peter R., Attwood, Angela, Axt, Jordan, Babel, Molly, Bahník, Štěpán, Baranski, Erica, Barnett-Cowan, Michael, Bartmess, Elizabeth, Beer, Jennifer, Bell, Raoul, Bentley, Heather, Beyan, Leah, Binion, Grace, Borsboom, Denny, Bosch, Annick, Bosco, Frank A., Bowman, Sara D., Brandt, Mark J., Braswell, Erin, Brohmer, Hilmar, Brown, Benjamin T., Brown, Kristina, Brüning, Jovita, Calhoun-Sauls, Ann, Callahan, Shannon P., Chagnon, Elizabeth, Chandler, Jesse, Chartier, Christopher R., Cheung, Felix, Christopherson, Cody D., Cillessen, Linda, Clay, Russ, Cleary, Hayley, Cloud, Mark D., Conn, Michael, Cohoon, Johanna, Columbus, Simon, Cordes, Andreas, Costantini, Giulio, Alvarez, Leslie D Cramblet, Cremata, Ed, Crusius, Jan, DeCoster, Jamie, DeGaetano, Michelle A., Penna, Nicolás Delia, Den Bezemer, Bobby, Deserno, Marie K., Devitt, Olivia, Dewitte, Laura, Dobolyi, David G., Dodson, Geneva T., Donnellan, M. Brent, Donohue, Ryan, Dore, Rebecca A., Dorrough, Angela, Dreber, Anna, Dugas, Michelle, Dunn, Elizabeth W., Easey, Kayleigh, Eboigbe, Sylvia, Eggleston, Casey, Embley, Jo, Epskamp, Sacha, Errington, Timothy M., Estel, Vivien, Farach, Frank J., Feather, Jenelle, Fedor, Anna, Fernández-Castilla, Belén, Fiedler, Susann, Field, James G., Fitneva, Stanka A., Flagan, Taru, Forest, Amanda L., Forsell, Eskil, Foster, Joshua D., Frank, Michael C., Frazier, Rebecca S., Fuchs, Heather, Gable, Philip, Galak, Jeff, Galliani, Elisa Maria, Gampa, Anup, Garcia, Sara, Gazarian, Douglas, Gilbert, Elizabeth, Giner-Sorolla, Roger, Glöckner, Andreas, Goellner, Lars, Goh, Jin X., Goldberg, Rebecca, Goodbourn, Patrick T., Gordon-McKeon, Shauna, Gorges, Bryan, Gorges, Jessie, Goss, Justin, Graham, Jesse, Grange, James A., Gray, Jeremy, Hartgerink, Chris, Hartshorne, Joshua, Hasselman, Fred, Hayes, Timothy, Heikensten, Emma, Henninger, Felix, Hodsoll, John, Holubar, Taylor, Hoogendoorn, Gea, Humphries, Denise J., Hung, Cathy O Y, Immelman, Nathali, Irsik, Vanessa C., Jahn, Georg, Jäkel, Frank, Jekel, Marc, Johannesson, Magnus, Johnson, Larissa G., Johnson, David J., Johnson, Kate M., Johnston, William J., Jonas, Kai, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A., Kappes, Heather Barry, Kelso, Kim, Kidwell, Mallory C., Kim, Seung Kyung, Kirkhart, Matthew, Kleinberg, Bennett, Knežević, Goran, Kolorz, Franziska Maria, Kossakowski, Jolanda J., Krause, Robert Wilhelm, Krijnen, Job, Kuhlmann, Tim, Kunkels, Yoram K., Kyc, Megan M., Lai, Calvin K., Laique, Aamir, Lakens, Daniël, Lane, Kristin A., Lassetter, Bethany, Lazarević, Ljiljana B., Le Bel, Etienne P., Lee, Key Jung, Lee, Minha, Lemm, Kristi, Levitan, Carmel A., Lewis, Melissa, Lin, Lin, Lin, Stephanie, Lippold, Matthias, Loureiro, Darren, Luteijn, Ilse, MacKinnon, Sean, Mainard, Heather N., Marigold, Denise C., Martin, Daniel P., Martinez, Tylar, Masicampo, E. J., Matacotta, Josh, Mathur, Maya, May, Michael, Mechin, Nicole, Mehta, Pranjal, Meixner, Johannes, Melinger, Alissa, Miller, Jeremy K., Miller, Mallorie, Moore, Katherine, Möschl, Marcus, Motyl, Matt, Müller, Stephanie M., Munafo, Marcus, Neijenhuijs, Koen I., Nervi, Taylor, Nicolas, Gandalf, Nilsonne, Gustav, Nosek, Brian A., Nuijten, Michèle B., Olsson, Catherine, Osborne, Colleen, Ostkamp, Lutz, Pavel, Misha, Penton-Voak, Ian S., Perna, Olivia, Pernet, Cyril, Perugini, Marco, Pipitone, R. Nathan, Pitts, Michael, Plessow, Franziska, Prenoveau, Jason M., Rahal, Rima Maria, Ratliff, Kate A., Reinhard, David, Renkewitz, Frank, Ricker, Ashley A., Rigney, Anastasia, Rivers, Andrew M., Roebke, Mark, Rutchick, Abraham M., Ryan, Robert S., Sahin, Onur, Saide, Anondah, Sandstrom, Gillian M., Santos, David, Saxe, Rebecca, Schlegelmilch, René, Schmidt, Kathleen, Scholz, Sabine, Seibel, Larissa, Selterman, Dylan Faulkner, Shaki, Samuel, Simpson, William B., Sinclair, H. Colleen, Skorinko, Jeanine L M, Slowik, Agnieszka, Snyder, Joel S., Soderberg, Courtney, Sonnleitner, Carina, Spencer, Nick, Spies, Jeffrey R., Steegen, Sara, Stieger, Stefan, Strohminger, Nina, Sullivan, Gavin B., Talhelm, Thomas, Tapia, Megan, Te Dorsthorst, Anniek, Thomae, Manuela, Thomas, Sarah L., Tio, Pia, Traets, Frits, Tsang, Steve, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Turchan, Paul, Valášek, Milan, Van't Veer, Anna E., Van Aert, Robbie, Van Assen, Marcel, Van Bork, Riet, Van De Ven, Mathijs, Van Den Bergh, Don, Van Der Hulst, Marije, Van Dooren, Roel, Van Doorn, Johnny, Van Renswoude, Daan R., Van Rijn, Hedderik, Vanpaemel, Wolf, Echeverría, Alejandro Vásquez, Vazquez, Melissa, Velez, Natalia, Vermue, Marieke, Verschoor, Mark, Vianello, Michelangelo, Voracek, Martin, Vuu, Gina, Wagenmakers, Eric Jan, Weerdmeester, Joanneke, Welsh, Ashlee, Westgate, Erin C., Wissink, Joeri, Wood, Michael, Woods, Andy, Wright, Emily, Wu, Sining, Zeelenberg, Marcel, and Zuni, Kellylynn

Published
2015

43. Perceptual and Motor Performance of Combat-Sport Athletes Differs According to Specific Demands of the Discipline.

Author

Wei-Ying Chen, Wu, Sheng K., Tai-Fen Song, Kuei-Ming Chou, Kuei-Yuan Wang, Yao-Ching Chang, and Goodbourn, Patrick T.

Subjects
ANALYSIS of variance, ATHLETIC ability, MARTIAL arts, MOTOR ability, REACTION time, RESEARCH funding, T-test (Statistics), VISUAL perception, DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

The specific demands of a combat-sport discipline may be reflected in the perceptual-motor performance of its athletes. Taekwondo, which emphasizes kicking, might require faster perceptual processing to compensate for longer latencies to initiate lower-limb movements and to give rapid visual feedback for dynamic postural control, while Karate, which emphasizes both striking with the hands and kicking, might require exceptional eye-hand coordination and fast perceptual processing. In samples of 38 Taekwondo athletes (16 females, 22 males; mean age =19.9 years, SD = 1.2), 24 Karate athletes (9 females, 15 males; mean age=18.9 years, SD = 0.9), and 35 Nonathletes (20 females, 15 males; mean age = 20.6 years, SD = 1.5), we measured eye-hand coordination with the Finger-Nose-Finger task, and both perceptual-processing speed and attentional control with the Covert Orienting of Visual Attention (COVAT) task. Eye-hand coordination was significantly better for Karate athletes than for Taekwondo athletes and Nonathletes, but reaction times for the upper extremities in the COVAT task-indicative of perceptual-processing speed--were faster for Taekwondo athletes than for Karate athletes and Nonathletes. In addition, we found no significant difference among groups in attentional control, as indexed by the reaction-time cost of an invalid cue in the COVAT task. The results suggest that athletes in different combat sports exhibit distinct profiles of perceptual-motor performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
Full Text
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45. Mooney Face Test--Online Version

Author

Verhallen, Roeland J., primary, Bosten, Jenny M., additional, Goodbourn, Patrick T., additional, Bargary, Gary, additional, Lawrance-Owen, Adam J., additional, and Mollon, J. D., additional

Published
2014
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