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1. Potential of the three-terminal heterojunction bipolar transistor solar cell for space applications

Author

Martí, Antonio, García-Linares, Pablo, Zehender, Marius, Svatek, Simon A., Artacho, Irene, Cristóbal, Ana Belén, González, José R., Baur, Carsten, Ramiro, Iñigo, Cappelluti, Federica, and Antolín, Elisa

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

Multi-terminal multi-junction solar cells (MJSC) offer higher efficiency potential than series connected (two-terminal) ones. In addition, for terrestrial applications, the efficiency of multi-terminal solar cells is less sensitive to solar spectral variations than the two-terminal series-connected one. In space, generally, cells are always illuminated with AM0 spectrum and no impact is expected from spectral variations. Still, in space, the multi-terminal approach offers some advantages in comparison with the series-connected architecture approach derived from a higher end of life (EOL) efficiency. In this work we review the potential of multi-terminal solar cells for achieving extended EOL efficiencies with emphasis in the potential of the three-terminal heterojunction bipolar transistor solar cell, a novel multi-terminal MJSC architecture with a simplified structure not requiring, for example, tunnel junctions.

Published
2020
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2. Wanda and Jamal, joined by mistaken Thanksgiving text, share her cancer battle

Author

Gonzalez, Jose R.

Subjects
Cancer, News, opinion and commentary, Sports and fitness
Abstract

Byline: Jose R. Gonzalez USA TODAY NETWORK Show Caption Hide Caption Accidental text leads to friendship and ThanksgivingJamal Hinton and Wanda Dench make a pie for their seventh Thanksgiving together [...]

Published
2024

3. Rise in antisemitism varies across the US

Author

Arnowitz, Leora, Gonzalez, Daniel, Gonzalez, Jose R., Oliver, David, Stewart, Megan, and Hodges, Bebe

Subjects
Israel-Hamas War, 2023-, Antisemitism -- Forecasts and trends, Jews, American -- Religious aspects -- Safety and security measures, Market trend/market analysis, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

Byline: Leora Arnowitz, Daniel Gonzalez, Jose R. Gonzalez, David Oliver, Megan Stewart and Bebe Hodges, USA TODAY NETWORK In Nevada, there are Jewish people who have hidden any signs of [...]

Published
2024

4. Missing Calif. woman is found dead in Arizona

Author

DeLetter, Emily and Gonzalez, Jose R.

Subjects
Missing persons -- Death of -- Investigations, Company legal issue, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

Byline: Emily DeLetter and Jose R. Gonzalez, USA TODAY A California woman who went missing in February has been found dead in southwestern Arizona, according to local authorities. Amanda Nenigar, [...]

Published
2024

10. Disentangling Signatures of Selection Before and After European Colonization in Latin Americans

Author

Kim, Y, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Chacon-Duque, JC, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Ormond, L, Wang, K, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera, R, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, de Cerqueira, CCS, Rivera, KMB, Nieves-Colon, MA, Gignoux, CR, Wojcik, GL, Moreno-Estrada, A, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Schuler-Faccini, L, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Balding, D, Fumagalli, M, Adhikari, K, Ruiz-Linares, A, Hellenthal, G, Kim, Y, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Chacon-Duque, JC, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Ormond, L, Wang, K, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera, R, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, de Cerqueira, CCS, Rivera, KMB, Nieves-Colon, MA, Gignoux, CR, Wojcik, GL, Moreno-Estrada, A, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Schuler-Faccini, L, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Balding, D, Fumagalli, M, Adhikari, K, Ruiz-Linares, A, and Hellenthal, G

Abstract

Throughout human evolutionary history, large-scale migrations have led to intermixing (i.e., admixture) between previously separated human groups. Although classical and recent work have shown that studying admixture can yield novel historical insights, the extent to which this process contributed to adaptation remains underexplored. Here, we introduce a novel statistical model, specific to admixed populations, that identifies loci under selection while determining whether the selection likely occurred post-admixture or prior to admixture in one of the ancestral source populations. Through extensive simulations, we show that this method is able to detect selection, even in recently formed admixed populations, and to accurately differentiate between selection occurring in the ancestral or admixed population. We apply this method to genome-wide SNP data of ∼4,000 individuals in five admixed Latin American cohorts from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. Our approach replicates previous reports of selection in the human leukocyte antigen region that are consistent with selection post-admixture. We also report novel signals of selection in genomic regions spanning 47 genes, reinforcing many of these signals with an alternative, commonly used local-ancestry-inference approach. These signals include several genes involved in immunity, which may reflect responses to endemic pathogens of the Americas and to the challenge of infectious disease brought by European contact. In addition, some of the strongest signals inferred to be under selection in the Native American ancestral groups of modern Latin Americans overlap with genes implicated in energy metabolism phenotypes, plausibly reflecting adaptations to novel dietary sources available in the Americas.

Published
2022

11. Low-complexity Algorithms to Solve Partial Differential Equations

Author

gonzj124, Gonzalez, Jose R, LaRosee, Isaac X, gonzj124, Gonzalez, Jose R, and LaRosee, Isaac X

Abstract

The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) has plethora of applications in mathematics, physics, computer science, and engineering. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is an algorithm used to efficiently compute DFT and its inverse. In this work, we obtain solutions to fundamental partial differential equations (PDEs) using fast, i.e. FFT-like, algorithms. In particular, solutions to the Heat equation, Wave equation, and Schrödinger equation are explored using low-complexity algorithms in connection to the sparse factorization of matrices. We compare the complexity in solving the PDEs using the standard Fourier transform in continuous domains vs the proposed fast algorithms in discrete domains. We also analyze the accuracy of the solutions and present simulation results based on the proposed algorithms.

Published
2022

13. Prediction of eye, hair and skin colour in Latin Americans

Author

Palmal, S, Adhikari, K, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, de Cerqueira, CCS, Bonfante, B, Chacon-Duque, JC, Sohail, A, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera Lozano, R, Everardo-Martinez, P, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Parolin, M-L, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Schuler-Faccini, L, Bortolini, M-C, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Balding, D, Faux, P, Ruiz-Linares, A, Palmal, S, Adhikari, K, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, de Cerqueira, CCS, Bonfante, B, Chacon-Duque, JC, Sohail, A, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera Lozano, R, Everardo-Martinez, P, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Parolin, M-L, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Schuler-Faccini, L, Bortolini, M-C, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Balding, D, Faux, P, and Ruiz-Linares, A

Abstract

Here we evaluate the accuracy of prediction for eye, hair and skin pigmentation in a dataset of > 6500 individuals from Mexico, Colombia, Peru, Chile and Brazil (including genome-wide SNP data and quantitative/categorical pigmentation phenotypes - the CANDELA dataset CAN). We evaluated accuracy in relation to different analytical methods and various phenotypic predictors. As expected from statistical principles, we observe that quantitative traits are more sensitive to changes in the prediction models than categorical traits. We find that Random Forest or Linear Regression are generally the best performing methods. We also compare the prediction accuracy of SNP sets defined in the CAN dataset (including 56, 101 and 120 SNPs for eye, hair and skin colour prediction, respectively) to the well-established HIrisPlex-S SNP set (including 6, 22 and 36 SNPs for eye, hair and skin colour prediction respectively). When training prediction models on the CAN data, we observe remarkably similar performances for HIrisPlex-S and the larger CAN SNP sets for the prediction of hair (categorical) and eye (both categorical and quantitative), while the CAN sets outperform HIrisPlex-S for quantitative, but not for categorical skin pigmentation prediction. The performance of HIrisPlex-S, when models are trained in a world-wide sample (although consisting of 80% Europeans, https://hirisplex.erasmusmc.nl), is lower relative to training in the CAN data (particularly for hair and skin colour). Altogether, our observations are consistent with common variation of eye and hair colour having a relatively simple genetic architecture, which is well captured by HIrisPlex-S, even in admixed Latin Americans (with partial European ancestry). By contrast, since skin pigmentation is a more polygenic trait, accuracy is more sensitive to prediction SNP set size, although here this effect was only apparent for a quantitative measure of skin pigmentation. Our results support the use of HIrisPlex-S in the pr

Published
2021

14. A GWAS in Latin Americans identifies novel face shape loci, implicating VPS13B and a Denisovan introgressed region in facial variation

Author

Bonfante, B, Faux, P, Navarro, N, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Dubied, M, Montillot, C, Wentworth, E, Poloni, L, Varon-Gonzalez, C, Jones, P, Xiong, Z, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Palmal, S, Chacon-Duque, JC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera, R, Everardo-Martinez, P, Sanchez-Quinto, M, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, de Cerqueira, CCS, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Liu, F, Weinber, SM, Shaffer, JR, Stergiakouli, E, Howe, LJ, Hysi, PG, Spector, TD, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Schuler-Faccini, L, Bortolini, R-C, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Thauvin-Robinet, C, Faivre, L, Costedoat, C, Balding, D, Cox, T, Kayser, M, Duplomb, L, Yalcin, B, Cotney, J, Adhikari, K, Ruiz-Linares, A, Bonfante, B, Faux, P, Navarro, N, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Dubied, M, Montillot, C, Wentworth, E, Poloni, L, Varon-Gonzalez, C, Jones, P, Xiong, Z, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Palmal, S, Chacon-Duque, JC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera, R, Everardo-Martinez, P, Sanchez-Quinto, M, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, de Cerqueira, CCS, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Liu, F, Weinber, SM, Shaffer, JR, Stergiakouli, E, Howe, LJ, Hysi, PG, Spector, TD, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Schuler-Faccini, L, Bortolini, R-C, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Thauvin-Robinet, C, Faivre, L, Costedoat, C, Balding, D, Cox, T, Kayser, M, Duplomb, L, Yalcin, B, Cotney, J, Adhikari, K, and Ruiz-Linares, A

Abstract

To characterize the genetic basis of facial features in Latin Americans, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of more than 6000 individuals using 59 landmark-based measurements from two-dimensional profile photographs and ~9,000,000 genotyped or imputed single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We detected significant association of 32 traits with at least 1 (and up to 6) of 32 different genomic regions, more than doubling the number of robustly associated face morphology loci reported until now (from 11 to 23). These GWAS hits are strongly enriched in regulatory sequences active specifically during craniofacial development. The associated region in 1p12 includes a tract of archaic adaptive introgression, with a Denisovan haplotype common in Native Americans affecting particularly lip thickness. Among the nine previously unidentified face morphology loci we identified is the VPS13B gene region, and we show that variants in this region also affect midfacial morphology in mice.

Published
2021

15. A genome-wide association study identifies novel gene associations with facial skin wrinkling and mole count in Latin Americans

Author

Chen, Y, Andre, M, Adhikari, K, Blin, M, Bonfante, B, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Palmal, S, Chacon-Duque, JC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Lozano, RB, Everardo-Martinez, P, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, de Cerqueira, CCS, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Schuler-Faccini, L, Bortolini, M-C, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Balding, D, Tobin, DJ, Wang, S, Faux, P, Ruiz-Linares, A, Chen, Y, Andre, M, Adhikari, K, Blin, M, Bonfante, B, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Palmal, S, Chacon-Duque, JC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Lozano, RB, Everardo-Martinez, P, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, de Cerqueira, CCS, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Schuler-Faccini, L, Bortolini, M-C, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Balding, D, Tobin, DJ, Wang, S, Faux, P, and Ruiz-Linares, A

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified genes influencing skin ageing and mole count in Europeans, but little is known about the relevance of these (or other genes) in non-Europeans. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a GWAS for facial skin ageing and mole count in adults < 40 years old, of mixed European, Native American and African ancestry, recruited in Latin America. METHODS: Skin ageing and mole count scores were obtained from facial photographs of over 6000 individuals. After quality control checks, three wrinkling traits and mole count were retained for genetic analyses. DNA samples were genotyped with Illumina's HumanOmniExpress chip. Association testing was performed on around 8 703 729 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the autosomal genome. RESULTS: Genome-wide significant association was observed at four genome regions: two were associated with wrinkling (in 1p13·3 and 21q21·2), one with mole count (in 1q32·3) and one with both wrinkling and mole count (in 5p13·2). Associated SNPs in 5p13·2 and in 1p13·3 are intronic within SLC45A2 and VAV3, respectively, while SNPs in 1q32·3 are near the SLC30A1 gene, and those in 21q21·2 occur in a gene desert. Analyses of SNPs in IRF4 and MC1R are consistent with a role of these genes in skin ageing. CONCLUSIONS: We replicate the association of wrinkling with variants in SLC45A2, IRF4 and MC1R reported in Europeans. We identify VAV3 and SLC30A1 as two novel candidate genes impacting on wrinkling and mole count, respectively. We provide the first evidence that SLC45A2 influences mole count, in addition to variants in this gene affecting melanoma risk in Europeans.

Published
2021

19. Novel genetic loci affecting facial shape variation in humans

Author

Xiong, Z. (Ziyi), Dankova, G. (Gabriela), Howe, L.J. (Laurence J.), Lee, M.K. (Myoung Keun), Hysi, P.G. (Pirro G.), Jong, M.A. (Markus) de, Zhu, G. (Gu), Adhikari, K. (Kaustubh), Li, D. (Dan), Li, Y. (Yi), Pan, B. (Bo), Feingold, E. (Eleanor), Marazita, M.L. (Mary), Shaffer, J.R. (John R), McAloney, K. (Kerrie), Xu, S. (Shuhua), Jin, L. (Li), Wang, S. (Sijia), Vrij, F.M.S. (Femke), Lendemeijer, B. (Bas), Richmond, S. (Stephen), Zhurov, A. (Alexei), Lewis, S. (Sarah), Sharp, G.C. (Gemma C.), Paternoster, L. (Lavinia), Thompson, H. (Holly), Gonzalez-Jose, R. (Rolando), Bortolini, M.C. (Maria Catira), Canizales-Quinteros, S. (Samuel), Gallo, C. (Carla), Poletti, G. (Giovanni), Bedoya, E.G. (Elsie), Rothhammer, F. (Francisco), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Wolvius, E.B. (Eppo), Kushner, S.A. (Steven), Nijsten, T.E.C. (Tamar), Palstra, R.-J.T.S. (Robert-Jan), Boehringer, S. (Stefan), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Tang, K. (Kun), Ruiz-Linares, A. (Andres), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Stergiakouli, E. (Evie), Weinberg, S.M. (Seth M.), Liu, F. (Fan), Kayser, M.H. (Manfred), Xiong, Z. (Ziyi), Dankova, G. (Gabriela), Howe, L.J. (Laurence J.), Lee, M.K. (Myoung Keun), Hysi, P.G. (Pirro G.), Jong, M.A. (Markus) de, Zhu, G. (Gu), Adhikari, K. (Kaustubh), Li, D. (Dan), Li, Y. (Yi), Pan, B. (Bo), Feingold, E. (Eleanor), Marazita, M.L. (Mary), Shaffer, J.R. (John R), McAloney, K. (Kerrie), Xu, S. (Shuhua), Jin, L. (Li), Wang, S. (Sijia), Vrij, F.M.S. (Femke), Lendemeijer, B. (Bas), Richmond, S. (Stephen), Zhurov, A. (Alexei), Lewis, S. (Sarah), Sharp, G.C. (Gemma C.), Paternoster, L. (Lavinia), Thompson, H. (Holly), Gonzalez-Jose, R. (Rolando), Bortolini, M.C. (Maria Catira), Canizales-Quinteros, S. (Samuel), Gallo, C. (Carla), Poletti, G. (Giovanni), Bedoya, E.G. (Elsie), Rothhammer, F. (Francisco), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Wolvius, E.B. (Eppo), Kushner, S.A. (Steven), Nijsten, T.E.C. (Tamar), Palstra, R.-J.T.S. (Robert-Jan), Boehringer, S. (Stefan), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Tang, K. (Kun), Ruiz-Linares, A. (Andres), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Stergiakouli, E. (Evie), Weinberg, S.M. (Seth M.), Liu, F. (Fan), and Kayser, M.H. (Manfred)

Abstract

The human face represents a combined set of highly heritable phenotypes, but knowledge on its genetic architecture remains limited, despite the relevance for various fields. A series of genome-wide association studies on 78 facial shape phenotypes quantified from 3-dimensional facial images of 10,115 Europeans identified 24 genetic loci reaching study-wide suggestive association (p < 5 × 10-8), among which 17 were previously unreported. A follow-up multi-ethnic study in additional 7917 individuals confirmed 10 loci including six unreported ones (padjusted < 2.1 × 10-3). A global map of derived polygenic face scores assembled facial features in major continental groups consistent with anthropological knowledge. Analyses of epigenomic datasets from cranial neural crest cells revealed abundant cis-regulatory activities at the face-associated genetic loci. Luciferase reporter assays in neural crest progenitor cells highlighted enhancer activities of several face-associated DNA variants. These results substantially advance our understanding of the genetic basis underlying human facial variation and provide candidates for future in-vivo functional studies.

Published
2019
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20. A GWAS in Latin Americans highlights the convergent evolution of lighter skin pigmentation in Eurasia

Author

Adhikari, K, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Sohail, A, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Lampert, J, Chacon-Duque, JC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera Lozano, R, Everardo, P, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Tobin, DJ, Fumagalli, M, Balding, D, Ruiz-Linares, A, Adhikari, K, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Sohail, A, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Lampert, J, Chacon-Duque, JC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera Lozano, R, Everardo, P, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Tobin, DJ, Fumagalli, M, Balding, D, and Ruiz-Linares, A

Abstract

We report a genome-wide association scan in >6,000 Latin Americans for pigmentation of skin and eyes. We found eighteen signals of association at twelve genomic regions. These include one novel locus for skin pigmentation (in 10q26) and three novel loci for eye pigmentation (in 1q32, 20q13 and 22q12). We demonstrate the presence of multiple independent signals of association in the 11q14 and 15q13 regions (comprising the GRM5/TYR and HERC2/OCA2 genes, respectively) and several epistatic interactions among independently associated alleles. Strongest association with skin pigmentation at 19p13 was observed for an Y182H missense variant (common only in East Asians and Native Americans) in MFSD12, a gene recently associated with skin pigmentation in Africans. We show that the frequency of the derived allele at Y182H is significantly correlated with lower solar radiation intensity in East Asia and infer that MFSD12 was under selection in East Asians, probably after their split from Europeans.

Published
2019

21. The Ross Procedure

Author

Concha, Manuel, Aranda, Pedro J., Casares, Jaime, Merino, Carlos, Alados, Pedro, Muñoz, Ignacio, Gonzalez, Jose R., Ribes, Ramón, and Villalba, Rafael

Published
2004

23. Latin Americans show wide-spread Converso ancestry and the imprint of local Native ancestry on physical appearance

Author

Chacon-Duque, J., Adhikari, K., Fuentes-Guajardo, M., Mendoza-Revilla, J., Acuna-Alonzo, V., Barquera Lozano, R., Quinto-Sanchez, M., Gomez-Valdes, J., Everardo Martinez, P., Villamil-Ramirez, H., Hunemeier, T., Ramallo, V., Silva de Cerqueira, C., Hurtado, M., Villegas, V., Granja, V., Villena, M., Vasquez, R., Llop, E., Sandoval, J., Salazar-Granara, A., Parolin, M., Sandoval, K., Penaloza-Espinosa, R., Rangel-Villalobos, H., Winkler, C., Klitz, W., Bravi, C., Molina, J., Corach, D., Barrantes, R., Gomes, V., Resende, C., Gusmao, L., Amorim, A., Xue, Y., Dugoujon, J., Moral, P., Gonzalez-Jose, R., Schuler-Faccini, L., Salzano, F., Bortolini, M., Canizales-Quinteros, S., Poletti, G., Gallo, C., Bedoya, G., Rothhammer, F., Balding, D., Hellenthal, G., and Ruiz-Linares, A.

Subjects
parasitic diseases
Abstract

Historical records and genetic analyses indicate that Latin Americans trace their ancestry mainly to the admixture of Native Americans, Europeans and Sub-Saharan Africans. Using novel haplotype-based methods here we infer the sub-populations involved in admixture for over 6,500 Latin Americans and evaluate the impact of sub-continental ancestry on the physical appearance of these individuals. We find that pre-Columbian Native genetic structure is mirrored in Latin Americans and that sources of non-Native ancestry, and admixture timings, match documented migratory flows. We also detect South/East Mediterranean ancestry across Latin America, probably stemming from the clandestine colonial migration of Christian converts of non-European origin (Conversos). Furthermore, we find that Central Andean ancestry impacts on variation of facial features in Latin Americans, particularly nose morphology, possibly relating to environmental adaptation during the evolution of Native Americans.

Published
2018

26. The South American cement industry

Author

Gonzalez, Jose R.

Subjects
Cemex S.A. de C.V. -- Market share, Cement industry -- South America, Gross national product -- South America, Business, Business, international, Construction and materials industries
Abstract

Europe and North America contain 14% of the population of the world and produce 62% of global gross national product, whereas Latin America's figures are 8% population with 6% GDP. CEMEX and Holderbank are two of the most important cement companies in Latin America. CEMEX, mainly based in Mexico, has 22 plants and produces a capacity of 31.6 million t. Holderbank has a more diverse element and has 18 plants producing 21.7 million t. Many of the Latin American groups are family controlled.

Published
1996

27. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies 8 novel loci involved in shape variation of human head hair

Author

Liu, F. (Fan), Chen, Y. (Yan), Zhu, G. (Gu), Hysi, P.G. (Pirro), Wu, S. (Sijie), Adhikari, K. (Kaustubh), Breslin, K. (Krystal), Pośpiech, E. (Ewelina), Hamer, M.A. (Merel), Peng, F. (Fuduan), Muralidharan, C. (Charanya), Acuna-Alonzo, V. (Victor), Canizales-Quinteros, S. (Samuel), Bedoya, E.G. (Elsie), Gallo, C. (Carla), Poletti, G. (Giovanni), Rothhammer, F. (Francisco), Bortolini, M.C. (Maria Catira), Gonzalez-Jose, R. (Rolando), Zeng, C. (Changqing), Xu, S. (Shuhua), Jin, L. (Li), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Nijsten, T.E.C. (Tamar), Walsh, S. (Susan), Branicki, W. (Wojciech), Wang, S. (Sijia), Ruiz-Linares, A. (Andres), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas G.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Kayser, M.H. (Manfred), Liu, F. (Fan), Chen, Y. (Yan), Zhu, G. (Gu), Hysi, P.G. (Pirro), Wu, S. (Sijie), Adhikari, K. (Kaustubh), Breslin, K. (Krystal), Pośpiech, E. (Ewelina), Hamer, M.A. (Merel), Peng, F. (Fuduan), Muralidharan, C. (Charanya), Acuna-Alonzo, V. (Victor), Canizales-Quinteros, S. (Samuel), Bedoya, E.G. (Elsie), Gallo, C. (Carla), Poletti, G. (Giovanni), Rothhammer, F. (Francisco), Bortolini, M.C. (Maria Catira), Gonzalez-Jose, R. (Rolando), Zeng, C. (Changqing), Xu, S. (Shuhua), Jin, L. (Li), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Nijsten, T.E.C. (Tamar), Walsh, S. (Susan), Branicki, W. (Wojciech), Wang, S. (Sijia), Ruiz-Linares, A. (Andres), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas G.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), and Kayser, M.H. (Manfred)

Abstract

Shape variation of human head hair shows striking variation within and between human populations, while its genetic basis is far from being understood. We performed a series of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and replication studies in a total of 28 964 subjects from 9 cohorts from multiple geographic origins. A meta-analysis of three European GWASs identified 8 novel loci (1p36.23 E

Published
2018
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28. Latin Americans show wide-spread Converso ancestry and imprint of local Native ancestry on physical appearance

Author

Chacon-Duque, J-C, Adhikari, K, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Barquera, R, Quinto-Sanchez, M, Gomez-Valdes, J, Everardo Martinez, P, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Villena, M, Vasquez, R, Llop, E, Sandoval, JR, Salazar-Granara, AA, Parolin, M-L, Sandoval, K, Penaloza-Espinosa, RI, Rangel-Villalobos, H, Winkler, CA, Klitz, W, Bravi, C, Molina, J, Corach, D, Barrantes, R, Gomes, V, Resende, C, Gusmao, L, Amorim, A, Xue, Y, Dugoujon, J-M, Moral, P, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Poletti, G, Gallo, C, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Balding, D, Hellenthal, G, Ruiz-Linares, A, Chacon-Duque, J-C, Adhikari, K, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Barquera, R, Quinto-Sanchez, M, Gomez-Valdes, J, Everardo Martinez, P, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Villena, M, Vasquez, R, Llop, E, Sandoval, JR, Salazar-Granara, AA, Parolin, M-L, Sandoval, K, Penaloza-Espinosa, RI, Rangel-Villalobos, H, Winkler, CA, Klitz, W, Bravi, C, Molina, J, Corach, D, Barrantes, R, Gomes, V, Resende, C, Gusmao, L, Amorim, A, Xue, Y, Dugoujon, J-M, Moral, P, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Poletti, G, Gallo, C, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Balding, D, Hellenthal, G, and Ruiz-Linares, A

Abstract

Historical records and genetic analyses indicate that Latin Americans trace their ancestry mainly to the intermixing (admixture) of Native Americans, Europeans and Sub-Saharan Africans. Using novel haplotype-based methods, here we infer sub-continental ancestry in over 6,500 Latin Americans and evaluate the impact of regional ancestry variation on physical appearance. We find that Native American ancestry components in Latin Americans correspond geographically to the present-day genetic structure of Native groups, and that sources of non-Native ancestry, and admixture timings, match documented migratory flows. We also detect South/East Mediterranean ancestry across Latin America, probably stemming mostly from the clandestine colonial migration of Christian converts of non-European origin (Conversos). Furthermore, we find that ancestry related to highland (Central Andean) versus lowland (Mapuche) Natives is associated with variation in facial features, particularly nose morphology, and detect significant differences in allele frequencies between these groups at loci previously associated with nose morphology in this sample.

Published
2018

29. Genome-wide association studies and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing identify regulatory variants influencing eyebrow thickness in humans

Author

Wu, SJ, Zhang, MF, Yang, XZ, Peng, FD, Zhang, J, Tan, JZ, Yang, YJ, Wang, LN (Lina), Hu, YN, Peng, QQ, Li, JX, Liu, Y, Guan, YQ, Chen, C, Hamer, Merel, Nijsten, Tamar, Zeng, CQ, Adhikari, K, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Schuler-Faccini, L, Bortolini, MC, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Rothhammer, F, Bedoya, G, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Li, H, Krutmann, J, Liu, Fan, Kayser, Manfred, Ruiz-Linares, A, Tang, K, Xu, SH, Zhang, Lei, Jin, L, Wang, SJ, Wu, SJ, Zhang, MF, Yang, XZ, Peng, FD, Zhang, J, Tan, JZ, Yang, YJ, Wang, LN (Lina), Hu, YN, Peng, QQ, Li, JX, Liu, Y, Guan, YQ, Chen, C, Hamer, Merel, Nijsten, Tamar, Zeng, CQ, Adhikari, K, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Schuler-Faccini, L, Bortolini, MC, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Rothhammer, F, Bedoya, G, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Li, H, Krutmann, J, Liu, Fan, Kayser, Manfred, Ruiz-Linares, A, Tang, K, Xu, SH, Zhang, Lei, Jin, L, and Wang, SJ

Published
2018

30. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies 8 novel loci involved in shape variation of human head hair

Author

Liu, Fan, Chen, Y, Zhu, G, Hysi, PG, Wu, SJ, Adhikari, K, Breslin, K, Pospiech, E, Hamer, Merel, Peng, FD, Muralidharan, C, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Bedoya, G, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Rothhammer, F, Bortolini, MC, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Zeng, CQ, Xu, SH, Jin, L, Uitterlinden, André, Ikram, Arfan, Duijn, Cornelia, Nijsten, Tamar, Walsh, Susan, Branicki, W, Wang, SJ, Ruiz-Linares, A, Spector, TD, Martin, NG, Medland, SE, Kayser, Manfred, Liu, Fan, Chen, Y, Zhu, G, Hysi, PG, Wu, SJ, Adhikari, K, Breslin, K, Pospiech, E, Hamer, Merel, Peng, FD, Muralidharan, C, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Bedoya, G, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Rothhammer, F, Bortolini, MC, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Zeng, CQ, Xu, SH, Jin, L, Uitterlinden, André, Ikram, Arfan, Duijn, Cornelia, Nijsten, Tamar, Walsh, Susan, Branicki, W, Wang, SJ, Ruiz-Linares, A, Spector, TD, Martin, NG, Medland, SE, and Kayser, Manfred

Published
2018

32. Evaluation of the Exemplary Career Education Comprehensive Program in the Academic and the Vocational and Technical Education Program in Puerto Rico. A Third Party Evaluation of the Puerto Rico Career Education Project for Fiscal Year 1975.

Author

Colon, Jesus M. and Gonzalez, Jose R.

Abstract

In this evaluation of the first year of the Exemplary Career Education Project for K-12 in Puerto Rico, the results of testing and interviewing school personnel and students in grades 1-2 and 7-9 at six regional pilot sites are reported. Six areas of student development are recognized by the evaluation questions: self awareness, basic academic/vocational skills, awareness of work values, awareness of and knowledge about work, career decision-making skills, and work habits. Based on the analysis of responses which showed the project to be successful in all six areas, twelve recommendations to modify the program are made, concentrating on the following areas: (1) the program's expansion to other schools; (2) improvement and creation of curriculum materials and courses for second and third grades and junior and senior high schools; (3) scheduling of the pre- and post-tests for evaluation; (4) school personnel development; (5) the role of the career education component; (6) program supervision; and (7) participation by the evaluators in discussions of their findings. As background, general information about the project's implementation and its objectives are included as well as extensive details about the methodology used for the study: its design, instruments, data collection procedures, and data analysis. The appendix contains copies of the tests, the interview schedule, and the project proposal. (ELG)

Published
1975

34. A genome-wide association scan in admixed Latin Americans identifies loci influencing facial and scalp hair features

Author

Adhikari, K, Fontanil, T, Cal, S, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Chacon-Duque, J-C, Al-Saadi, F, Johansson, JA, Quinto-Sanchez, M, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera Lozano, R, Macin Perez, G, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Rothhammer, F, Bedoya, G, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Headon, D, Lopez-Otin, C, Tobin, DJ, Balding, D, Ruiz-Linares, A, Adhikari, K, Fontanil, T, Cal, S, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Chacon-Duque, J-C, Al-Saadi, F, Johansson, JA, Quinto-Sanchez, M, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera Lozano, R, Macin Perez, G, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Rothhammer, F, Bedoya, G, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Headon, D, Lopez-Otin, C, Tobin, DJ, Balding, D, and Ruiz-Linares, A

Abstract

We report a genome-wide association scan in over 6,000 Latin Americans for features of scalp hair (shape, colour, greying, balding) and facial hair (beard thickness, monobrow, eyebrow thickness). We found 18 signals of association reaching genome-wide significance (P values 5 × 10(-8) to 3 × 10(-119)), including 10 novel associations. These include novel loci for scalp hair shape and balding, and the first reported loci for hair greying, monobrow, eyebrow and beard thickness. A newly identified locus influencing hair shape includes a Q30R substitution in the Protease Serine S1 family member 53 (PRSS53). We demonstrate that this enzyme is highly expressed in the hair follicle, especially the inner root sheath, and that the Q30R substitution affects enzyme processing and secretion. The genome regions associated with hair features are enriched for signals of selection, consistent with proposals regarding the evolution of human hair.

Published
2016

35. A genome-wide association scan implicates DCHS2, RUNX2, GLI3, PAX1 and EDAR in human facial variation

Author

Adhikari, K, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Quinto-Sanchez, M, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Chacon-Duque, JC, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera Lozano, R, Macin Perez, G, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Cheeseman, M, Rosique, J, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Headon, D, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Balding, D, Ruiz-Linares, A, Adhikari, K, Fuentes-Guajardo, M, Quinto-Sanchez, M, Mendoza-Revilla, J, Chacon-Duque, JC, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Barquera Lozano, R, Macin Perez, G, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Cheeseman, M, Rosique, J, Bedoya, G, Rothhammer, F, Headon, D, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Balding, D, and Ruiz-Linares, A

Abstract

We report a genome-wide association scan for facial features in ∼6,000 Latin Americans. We evaluated 14 traits on an ordinal scale and found significant association (P values<5 × 10(-8)) at single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in four genomic regions for three nose-related traits: columella inclination (4q31), nose bridge breadth (6p21) and nose wing breadth (7p13 and 20p11). In a subsample of ∼3,000 individuals we obtained quantitative traits related to 9 of the ordinal phenotypes and, also, a measure of nasion position. Quantitative analyses confirmed the ordinal-based associations, identified SNPs in 2q12 associated to chin protrusion, and replicated the reported association of nasion position with SNPs in PAX3. Strongest association in 2q12, 4q31, 6p21 and 7p13 was observed for SNPs in the EDAR, DCHS2, RUNX2 and GLI3 genes, respectively. Associated SNPs in 20p11 extend to PAX1. Consistent with the effect of EDAR on chin protrusion, we documented alterations of mandible length in mice with modified Edar funtion.

Published
2016

38. A genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci for variation in human ear morphology

Author

Adhikari, K, Reales, G, Smith, AJP, Konka, E, Palmen, J, Quinto-Sanchez, M, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Fuentes, M, Pizarro, M, Barquera Lozano, R, Macin Perez, G, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Rothhammer, F, Bedoya, G, Calderon, R, Rosique, J, Cheeseman, M, Bhutta, MF, Humphries, SE, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Headon, D, Balding, D, Ruiz-Linares, A, Adhikari, K, Reales, G, Smith, AJP, Konka, E, Palmen, J, Quinto-Sanchez, M, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Fuentes, M, Pizarro, M, Barquera Lozano, R, Macin Perez, G, Gomez-Valdes, J, Villamil-Ramirez, H, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Hurtado, M, Villegas, V, Granja, V, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Rothhammer, F, Bedoya, G, Calderon, R, Rosique, J, Cheeseman, M, Bhutta, MF, Humphries, SE, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Headon, D, Balding, D, and Ruiz-Linares, A

Abstract

Here we report a genome-wide association study for non-pathological pinna morphology in over 5,000 Latin Americans. We find genome-wide significant association at seven genomic regions affecting: lobe size and attachment, folding of antihelix, helix rolling, ear protrusion and antitragus size (linear regression P values 2 × 10(-8) to 3 × 10(-14)). Four traits are associated with a functional variant in the Ectodysplasin A receptor (EDAR) gene, a key regulator of embryonic skin appendage development. We confirm expression of Edar in the developing mouse ear and that Edar-deficient mice have an abnormally shaped pinna. Two traits are associated with SNPs in a region overlapping the T-Box Protein 15 (TBX15) gene, a major determinant of mouse skeletal development. Strongest association in this region is observed for SNP rs17023457 located in an evolutionarily conserved binding site for the transcription factor Cartilage paired-class homeoprotein 1 (CART1), and we confirm that rs17023457 alters in vitro binding of CART1.

Published
2015

43. Electric Submersible Pumping, First Application in a Mature Field in Mexico, Using the Unconventional Technology With Synchronous Permanent Magnet Motor (PMM) + “Power Save” Pump

Author

Garcia, Edgar Lopez, additional, Gonzalez, Jaime Sanchez, additional, Torales, Felipe L., additional, Campos, Israel Molina, additional, Gonzalez, Fernando J., additional, Gonzalez, Jose R., additional, Hernandez, Edsel J., additional, and Tapia, Ramon, additional

Published
2015
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44. Admixture in Latin America: Geographic Structure, Phenotypic Diversity and Self-Perception of Ancestry Based on 7,342 Individuals

Author

Di Rienzo, A, Ruiz-Linares, A, Adhikari, K, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Quinto-Sanchez, M, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Fuentess, M, Pizarro, M, Everardo, P, de Avila, F, Gomez-Valdes, J, Leon-Mimila, P, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Burley, M-W, Konca, E, de Oliveira, MZ, Veronez, MR, Rubio-Codina, M, Attanasio, O, Gibbon, S, Ray, N, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Rosique, J, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Rothhammers, F, Bedoya, G, Balding, D, Gonzalez-Jose, R, Di Rienzo, A, Ruiz-Linares, A, Adhikari, K, Acuna-Alonzo, V, Quinto-Sanchez, M, Jaramillo, C, Arias, W, Fuentess, M, Pizarro, M, Everardo, P, de Avila, F, Gomez-Valdes, J, Leon-Mimila, P, Hunemeier, T, Ramallo, V, Silva de Cerqueira, CC, Burley, M-W, Konca, E, de Oliveira, MZ, Veronez, MR, Rubio-Codina, M, Attanasio, O, Gibbon, S, Ray, N, Gallo, C, Poletti, G, Rosique, J, Schuler-Faccini, L, Salzano, FM, Bortolini, M-C, Canizales-Quinteros, S, Rothhammers, F, Bedoya, G, Balding, D, and Gonzalez-Jose, R

Abstract

The current genetic makeup of Latin America has been shaped by a history of extensive admixture between Africans, Europeans and Native Americans, a process taking place within the context of extensive geographic and social stratification. We estimated individual ancestry proportions in a sample of 7,342 subjects ascertained in five countries (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, México and Perú). These individuals were also characterized for a range of physical appearance traits and for self-perception of ancestry. The geographic distribution of admixture proportions in this sample reveals extensive population structure, illustrating the continuing impact of demographic history on the genetic diversity of Latin America. Significant ancestry effects were detected for most phenotypes studied. However, ancestry generally explains only a modest proportion of total phenotypic variation. Genetically estimated and self-perceived ancestry correlate significantly, but certain physical attributes have a strong impact on self-perception and bias self-perception of ancestry relative to genetically estimated ancestry.

Published
2014

48. Colaboradores

Author

Abalovich, Marcos S., Agustí García-Navarro, Álvaro, Agustí García-Navarro, Carlos, Albanell Mestres, Joan, Alcalá Hernández, Luis, Alcaraz Asensio, Antonio, Alcázar Arroyo, Roberto, Alegre de Miquel, Víctor, Alexandra Hanzu, Felicia, Almirante Gragera, Benito, Alonso Tarrés, Carles, Alsina Gibert, Mercè, Alsina Manrique de Lara, Laia, Álvarez Martínez, Miriam José, Álvarez-Sala Walther, José Luis, Ambrosioni Czyrko, Juan, Ancochea Bermúdez, Julio, Andrade Bellido, Raúl J., Antón López, Jordi, Aran Perramon, Josep Maria, Arance Fernández, Ana, Arboleya Rodríguez, Luis, Arellano Tolivar, Antonio, Arias Gómez, Manuel, Arias Loste, M.ª Teresa, Ariza Cardenal, Javier, Armengol Dulcet, Lluís, Aróstegui Gorospe, Juan Ignacio, Arrese, Marco, Arroyo Pérez, Vicente, Aschner Montoya, Pablo, Audí Parera, Laura, Azpiroz Vidaur, Fernando, Badimon Maestro, Lina, Baena Caparrós, Jacinto, Ballester Rodés, Eugenio, Ballina García, Francisco Javier, Barberà Mir, Joan Albert, Barberán López, José, Barile Fabris, Leonor, Bartra Tomás, Joan, Bassas Arnau, Lluís, Bassat Orellana, Quique, Bataller Alberola, Luis, Bayés Colomer, Mónica, Bernardo Arroyo, Miquel, Berraondo López, Pedro, Bielsa Marsol, Isabel, Bladé Creixentí, Joan, Blancafort Sansó, Xavier, Blanco Arévalo, José Luis, Blanco García, Francisco J., Blanes Mompó, José Ignacio, Blesa González, Rafael, Bodegas Cañas, Andrés Ignacio, Bodro Marimont, Marta, Boronat Guerrero, Susana, Bosch Albareda, Francesc, Bosch Genover, Jaime, Bosch Genover, Xavier, Bosch Gil, José Ángel, Bosch Mestres, Jordi, Botey Puig, Albert, Bouza Santiago, Emilio, Bru Saumell, Concepció, Brugada Terradellas, Josep, Brugada Terradellas, Ramon, Bruguera Cortada, Miquel, Bruix Tudó, Jordi, Bujanda Fernández de Piérola, Luis, Buti Ferret, María, Caballería Rovira, Joan, Cabellos Mínguez, Carmen, Cahn, Pedro, Calvet Calvo, Xavier, Calzado Isbert, Sonia, Campins Martí, Magda, Campistol Plana, Josep M.ª, Campo Casanelles, Miguel del, Campo Güerri, Elías, Campuzano Larrea, Óscar, Campuzano Uceda, Victoria, Cardellach López, Francesc, Carmena Rodríguez, Rafael, Carmona Herrera, Francisco, Carracedo Álvarez, Ángel, Carrascosa Lezcona, Antonio, Carreres Molas, Anna, Carreras Pons, Enric, Casabona i Barbarà, Jordi, Casademont Pou, Jordi, Casanueva, Felipe F., Cases Amenós, Aleix, Castells Garangou, Antoni, Castro Fornieles, Josefina, Castro Rebollo, Pedro, Catalán Eraso, Beatriz, Caylà Buqueras, Joan A., Cervantes Requena, Francisco, Cervera Segura, Ricardo, Cervera Álvarez, Carlos, Chamorro Sánchez, Ángel, Cinta Cid Xutglà, María, Cinca Cuscullola, Juan M.ª, Coll Daroca, Joaquím, Coll Rosell, M.ª José, Colmenero Arroyo, Jordi, Conesa Bertrán, Gerardo, Corell Almuzara, Alfredo, Crespo Casal, Manuel, Crespo Conde, Gonzalo, Crespo García, Javier, Cristòfol Allué, Ramon, Cubiella Fernández, Joaquín, Cuenca Estrella, Manuel, Dalmau Obrador, Josep, Davant Llauradó, Ester, Delgado González, Julio, Desola Alà, Jordi, Diekmann, Fritz, Dolz Abadía, Carlos, Domínguez Benítez, José Antonio, Domínguez García, Ángela, Domínguez Luengo, Carmen, Domínguez Luzón, M.ª Ángeles, Domínguez Tordable, M.ª Jesús, Dopazo Blázquez, Joaquín, Dueñas Laita, Antonio, Durán Rebolledo, Carlos Eduardo, Duró Pujol, Juan Carlos, Echevarría Mayo, José Manuel, Echevarria Mayo, Juan Emilio, Eiros Bouza, José M.ª, Elizalde Frez, José Ignacio, Engel Rocamora, Pablo, Enrique Cahn, Pedro, Enríquez de Salamanca Lorente, Rafael, Escorsell Mañosa, Àngels, Escribano Mora, Luis, Estapé Madinabeitia, Tania, Estapé Rodríguez, Jordi, Esteban Mur, Rafael, Esteller Badosa, Manel, Esteve Comas, María, Esteve Pardo, María, Esteve Reyner, Jordi, Estivill Pallejà, Xavier, Estruch Riba, Ramón, Fainboim, Leo, Feliu Frasnedo, Evarist, Fernández Bañares, Fernando, Fernández Fernández, Óscar, Fernández Gómez, Javier, Fernández-Tresguerres Hernández, Jesús Ángel, Ferrándiz Foraster, Carlos, Ferrer Monreal, Miguel, Figuerola Pino, Daniel, Fillat Fonts, Cristina, Fonollosa Pla, Vincent, Fonseca Capdevila, Eduardo, Font Creus, Bernat, Fontanellas Romá, Antonio, Forns Bernhardt, Xavier, Fortuny Guasch, Claudia, Franco de Castro, Agustín, Franco Vásquez, José G., Fresno Escudero, Manuel, Galarza Delgado, Dionicio Ángel, Galicia Paredes, Miguel, Gállego Culleré, Montserrat, Gallego García de Vinuesa, Pastora, Gárate Ormaechea, Teresa, García Lareo, Manuel, Carlos García Moncó, Juan, García Nieto, Víctor M., García-Pagán, Juan Carlos, García Sánchez, José Elías, García-Zepeda, Eduardo Alberto, Garrido Marín, Eduardo, Gascón Brustenga, Joaquim, Gatell Artigas, Josep M.ª, Gaztambide Sáenz, Sonia, Giavina-Bianchi, Pedro, Gil de Extremera, Blas, Giménez Pérez, Montserrat, Ginès Gibert, Pere, Girós Blasco, M.ª Luisa, Goday Arnó, Albert, Gómez Dantés, Héctor, Gómez Gil, Esther, Gómez Junyent, Joan, Gómez Sáez, José Manuel, Gómez-Batiste Alentorn, Xavier, Gomollón García, Fernando, González Argenté, Francesc Xavier, González Juanatey, José Ramón, González Macías, Jesús, González Martín, Julià, González Tugas, Matías, Gonzalo de Liria, Carlos Rodrigo, Gracia Guillén, Diego, Gracia Roldán, Javier de, Grau Junyent, Josep M.ª, Grau de Castro, Juan José, Graus Ribas, Francesc, Gual Solé, Antoni, Guañabens Gay, Núria, Guardiola Ponti, Helena, Gurguí Ferrer, Mercè, Gutiérrez Julián, José M.ª, Gutiérrez Ponce de León, Fernando, Halperin Rabinovich, Irene, Hawkins Carranza, Federico G., Hernández García, Miguel T., Hernández-Nieto, Luis, Herrero Santos, José Ignacio, Ibáñez Toda, Lourdes, Illa Sendra, Isabel, Iranzo de Riquer, Alejandro, Jaraquemada Pérez de Guzmán, Dolores, Jové Teixidó, Josep, Juan Otero, Manel, Juanola Roura, Xavier, Kalil, Jorge, Khamashta, Munther, Labarca Labarca, Jaime, Laborde, Amalia, Lanas Arbeloa, Ángel, Larrosa Escartín, Nieves, Liñares Louzao, Josefina, Lobo Satué, Antonio, Londoño, María Carlota, López Bernaldo de Quirós, Juan Carlos, López Guillermo, Armando, López Otín, Carlos, Luis López-Sendón, José, López-Vélez Pérez, Rogelio, Lozano Sánchez, Francisco S., Lozano Soto, Francisco, Lucas Martín, Anna M.ª, Lucas Morante, Tomás, Luis Alonso, Pedro, Lumbreras Bermejo, Carlos, Madaria Pascual, Enrique de, Mallolas Masferrer, Josep, Mañá Rey, Juan, Marcas Vila, Álex, Marco Reverté, Francesc David, Marcos Maeso, M.ª Ángeles, Marrades Sicart, Ramón M.ª, Marruecos Sant, Lluís, Marrugat de la Iglesia, Jaume, Martín Sierra, Cristina, Martínez Díaz-Guerra, Guillermo, Martínez Martínez, José Antonio, Martínez Vea, Alberto, Martínez Yélamos, Sergio, Martínez Yoldi, Miguel J., Martorell Pons, Jaume, Mas Capó, Jordi, Mas Ordeig, Antoni, Masana Marín, Lluís, Masana Montejo, Guillem, Manuel Mascaró Galy, José, Matas Andreu, Lurdes, Maurel, Joan, Melero, Marcelo José, Melero Bermejo, Ignacio, Mellado González, Begoña, Mensa Pueyo, José, Mercé Klein, Jordi, Mestres Alomar, Gaspar, Milà Recasens, Monteserrat, Miquel Abbad, Carlos, Miralles Basseda, Ramón, Miralles Hernández, Manuel, Miró Meda, José M.ª, Mòdol Deltell, Josep M.ª, Molero Richard, Xavier, Molina Infante, Javier, Molins López-Rodó, Laureano, Mont Girbau, Lluís, Montoro Huguet, Miguel Ángel, Montserrat Canal, Josep M.ª, Morales-Olivas, Francisco José, Morán Chorro, Indalecio, Morata Ruiz, Laura, Morell Brotad, Ferran, Moreno Camacho, M.ª Asunción, Moreno Carriles, Rosa M.ª, Moreno Ramírez, David, Muñoz García, José Esteban, Muñoz García-Paredes, Patricia, Muñoz Gutiérrez, José, Muñoz Mateu, Montserrat, Muñoz Villegas, Álvaro, Muxí Pradas, M.ª África, Navarro Acebes, Xavier, Navasa Anadón, Miquel À., Nicolás Arfelis, José M.ª, Nogué Xarau, Santiago, Nolla Sañas, Joan, Miquel Nolla Solé, Joan, Norman, Francesca F., Obach Baurier, Victor, Obrador Vera, Gregorio Tomás, Oliva Dámaso, Elena, Olivé Marqués, Alejandro, Ordi Ros, José, Ortiz Arduan, Alberto, Ortiz de Lejarazu Leonardo, Raúl, Ortiz Rivera, Marta, Oteo Revuelta, José Antonio, Pablo Rabassó, Joan de, Palau Martínez, Francesc, Pallarés Giner, Román, Palou Rivera, Eduardo, Panés Díaz, Julià, Paré Bardera, Joan Carles, Parés Darnaculleta, Albert, Parrilla Paricio, Pascual, Pascal Capdevila, Mariona, Pascual Gómez, Eliseo, Pascual Gómez, Julio, Pedro-Botet Montoya, Juan, Pedro-Botet Montoya, M.ª Luisa, Pereira Saavedra, Arturo, Pérez Gisbert, Javier, Pérez Jurado, Luis Alberto, Pérez Sáenz, José Luis, Pérez Trallero, Emilio, Picado Vallés, César, Picado de Puig, Albert, Picó Alfonso, Antonio, Pigrau Serrallach, Carlos, Pinazo Delgado, M.ª Jesús, Pintado García, Vicente, Pintos Morell, Guillem, Piñeiro Ibáñez, Daniel José, Poch López de Briñas, Esteban, Pons Lladó, Guillem, Pons-Estel, Bernardo A., Pons-Estel, Guillermo J., Porcel Pérez, José Manuel, Portela Hernández, Margarita, Praga Terente, Manuel, Prat, Aleix, Puig Domingo, Manuel, Pujol Borrell, Ricardo, Pulido Mestre, Marta, Pumarola Suñé, Tomàs, Puras Mallagray, Enrique, Quintana Porras, Luis F., Quintero Carrión, Enrique, Rabinovich, Gabriel A., Rabionet Janssen, Raquel, Ramos Casals, Manuel, Real Arribas, Francisco X., Rego Castro, M.ª José, Reguart, Noemi, Regueiro González, José R., Reverter Calatayud, Jordi Lluís, Reverter Calatayud, Juan Carlos, Rey-Joly Barroso, Celestino, Reyes, José Miguel, Reynals de Blasis, Enrique, Riambau Alonso, Vicente, Ribera Casado, José Manuel, Ribera Santasusana, Josep M.ª, Ribes Rubió, Antonia, Rimola Castellá, Antoni, Río Bueno, Ana del, Robert Boter, Neus, Roca Antònio, Josep, Roca Torrent, Josep, Rodés Teixidor, Joan, Rodríguez Baño, Jesús, Rodríguez de Castro, Felipe, Rodríguez Panadero, Francisco, Rodríguez Pérez, José Carlos, Rodríguez Roisin, Roberto, Roig Minguell, Eulàlia, Rojas García, Ricardo, Romero Gómez, Manuel, Rovira Cañellas, Àlex, Rozman Borstnar, Ciril, Rozman Jurado, María, Ruiz Granell, Ricardo, Ruiz Manzano, Juan, Ruiz Moreno, Javier, Ruiz-Argüelles, Guillermo José, Sabaté Tenas, Manuel, Saiz Hinarejos, Albert, Salgado García, Emilio José, Salinas Vert, Isabel, San Miguel, Jesús F., Sánchez González, Marcelo, Sánchez Rodríguez, Ángel, Sánchez Tapias, José M.ª, Sanmartí Sala, Raimon, Santamaria Cano, Joan, Sanz Alonso, Miguel Ángel, Sanz Santillana, Guillermo F., Saperas Franch, Esteban, Segura Egea, Antonia, Segura Porta, Ferrán, Selva O’Callaghan, Albert, Serra Majem, Lluís, Sierra Gil, Jorge, Sierra Iserte, Alejandro de la, Sierra Romero, Gustavo Adolfo, Sitges Carreño, Marta, Solà Vergés, Elsa, Solana Lara, Rafael, Solans Laqué, Roser, Soldevila Melgarejo, M.ª Gloria, Sopena Galindo, Nieves, Soriano Viladomiu, Álex, Soy Muner, Dolors, Targarona Soler, Eduardo M.ª, Tejedor Jorge, Alberto, Tena Marsà, Xavier, de Teresa Galván, Eduardo, Tolosa Sarró, Eduardo, Tornero Molina, Jesús, Tornos Mas, Pilar, Torra Balcells, Roser, Torre Cisneros, Julián de la, Torregrosa Prats, José Vicente, Torres Hortal, Montserrat, Torres Martí, Antonio, Torres Ramírez, Armando, Torrico, Faustino, Trilla García, Antoni, Tuca Rodríguez, Albert, Tudela Hita, Pere, Urbano Ispizua, Álvaro, Urrutia de Diego, Agustín, Valdés Miyar, Manuel, Valls Lolla, M.ª Eugenia, Valls Solé, Josep, Vaquero Raya, Eva C., Vázquez Martínez, Clotilde, Vázquez Zaragoza, Miguel Ángel, Verea Hernando, Héctor, Vicente García, Vicente, Vidal Bermúdez, José E., Vidal-Puig, Antonio, Vieta Pascual, Eduardo, Vila Estapé, Jordi, Vilar, Eduardo, Vilardell Tarrés, Miguel, Vilella Morató, Anna, Villabona Artero, Carlos, Villamor Casas, Neus, Vinuesa Aumedes, Teresa, Viñolas, Nuria, Vives Corrons, Joan Lluís, Webb Youdale, Susan M., Xaubet Mir, Antonio, Yagüe Ribes, Jordi, and Zarranz Imirizaldu, Juan José

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2016
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