Search

Las tropas españolas destacadas en operaciones internacionales en áreas tropicales con enfermedades infecciosas emergentes pueden verse en situación de riesgo de contagio, a lo que se suma el potencial uso de armas biológicas en los actuales conflictos de guerra desigual. Este riesgo puede hacerse extensivo a toda la población bajo responsabilidad española. Esta situación hizo que la Sanidad Militar Española y, en el caso que se presenta, la Unidad Médica de Aeroevacuación (UMAER) actualizase sus procedimientos de defensa NBQ en vigor desde el inicio de las misiones de las Fuerzas Armadas en territorio africano. Se reforzó la respuesta a la amenaza biológica en dichos ambientes tropicales y se trabajó y entrenó en la posibilidad de transporte aéreo de pacientes con enfermedades infecciosas transmisibles para su tratamiento definitivo en territorio nacional. Este artículo es un informe de lo sucedido durante estas misiones. Es un reconocimiento a todas las personas involucradas y sus esfuerzos. Spanish troops deployed on international operations all over African tropical areas can be exposed to high-risk situations due to severe infectious diseases that can affect the population under their responsibility as well as to the possible use of biological weapons in current international conflicts. In this situation the Spanish Unified Defense Medical Command and, in this particular case, the Spanish Unit Medical Evacuation (UMAER) updated their NBC defense procedures since the beginning of these missions of Spanish armed forces in Africa. Initially the response capability to this biological threat was reinforced in these territories, and afterwards training was carried out for the possibility of MEDEVAC missions of patients with infectious diseases in order to receive definitive treatment on national territory. This article is a report of what happened during these missions. It is recognition of all people involved and their efforts.

Las tropas españolas destacadas en operaciones internacionales en áreas tropicales con enfermedades infecciosas emergentes pueden verse en situación de riesgo de contagio, a lo que se suma el potencial uso de armas biológicas en los actuales conflictos de guerra desigual. Este riesgo puede hacerse extensivo a toda la población bajo responsabilidad española. Esta situación hizo que la Sanidad Militar Española y, en el caso que se presenta, la Unidad Médica de Aeroevacuación (UMAER) actualizase sus procedimientos de defensa NBQ en vigor desde el inicio de las misiones de las Fuerzas Armadas en territorio africano. Se reforzó la respuesta a la amenaza biológica en dichos ambientes tropicales y se trabajó y entrenó en la posibilidad de transporte aéreo de pacientes con enfermedades infecciosas transmisibles para su tratamiento definitivo en territorio nacional. Este artículo es un informe de lo sucedido durante estas misiones. Es un reconocimiento a todas las personas involucradas y sus esfuerzos.

Desde el inicio del trabajo de nuestras Fuerzas Armadas en Afganistán en 2002, hasta la actualidad, muchos efectivos han sido desplegados en esta Zona de Operaciones. La cadena logística sanitaria diseñada para el apoyo sanitario a la Fuerza desplegada tiene una clara misión, procurar a los heridos una asistencia sanitaria tan eficaz como la que se dispone en Territorio Nacional y una vez estabilizados solicitar su evacuación médica, que continúe y adelante los cuidados en ruta para un tratamiento definitivo en nuestro País. Esta responsabilidad corresponde a la Unidad Médica de Aeroevacuación, del Ejército del Aire. En un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo del archivo de la unidad, se analizan las evacuaciones realizadas con origen en Afganistán, en cuanto a la naturaleza de las lesiones, los medios aéreos empleados y los recursos humanos y materiales que se implican en cada misión encomendada. Since the beginning of the Spanish Military deployment in Afghanistan in the year 2002 to the present, many troops have been deployed in the Operations Theatre. It has been designed a medical-supply chain to support the contingents, whose main aim is to provide the injured people with medical assistance as efficient as it is in their home country. Once those injured people have been stabilized, an AeroMedical evacuation is needed to take them to a role 4 facility for the definitive treatment. In this Aeromedical Evacuation the treatment should be continued or even have the possibility of start a new one. The MedEvac responsibility relays on the Aeromedical Evacuation Unit (UMAER). Aeromedical evacuations preformed from Afghanistan have been reviewed in a descriptive and retrospective study using the unite archives. In this study we analyze the wounds nature, aeronautical assets that have been employed and the material and human resources used in every mission.

Desde el inicio del trabajo de nuestras Fuerzas Armadas en Afganistán en 2002, hasta la actualidad, muchos efectivos han sido desplegados en esta Zona de Operaciones. La cadena logística sanitaria diseñada para el apoyo sanitario a la Fuerza desplegada tiene una clara misión, procurar a los heridos una asistencia sanitaria tan eficaz como la que se dispone en Territorio Nacional y una vez estabilizados solicitar su evacuación médica, que continúe y adelante los cuidados en ruta para un tratamiento definitivo en nuestro País. Esta responsabilidad corresponde a la Unidad Médica de Aeroevacuación, del Ejército del Aire. En un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo del archivo de la unidad, se analizan las evacuaciones realizadas con origen en Afganistán, en cuanto a la naturaleza de las lesiones, los medios aéreos empleados y los recursos humanos y materiales que se implican en cada misión encomendada.

Intraoperative evaluation of analgesia remains today often based on heart rate and arterial pressure fluctuations. None of these parameters is specific. Incorrect handling during this process may increase surgical morbi-mortality of the patients and their acute postoperative pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of intraoperative analgesia controlled by pupillometry on postoperative analgesic consumption and the pain intensity in the first 12h in the hospital room, after major gynecological surgery.A prospective, cohort study with allocation of groups of sequentially according to programming of operating room was designed. ASA I-III patients scheduled for elective surgery of abdominal hysterectomy by laparotomy or laparoscopy through intravenous general anesthesia were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups: pupillometry group (P-1), in which intraoperative analgesia was guided by pupillometry, and hemodynamic group (H-2) according to values of blood pressure and heart rate. In the hospitalization room the values of visual analogue scale (VAS) were routinely registered with 3 courts for the study: 3, 8 and 12h of the postoperative period. Postoperative analgesia was standardized as follows: NSAIDs was administered if VAS was ≥ 3 or if the patient expressly requested an analgesic. After this, the efficacy of treatment was assessed. If the patient had pain, the next scheduled drug was given up to an VAS3. Data for total analgesic consumption administered in the hospital room, VAS and adverse effects were collected within 12h postoperatively.A total of 59 patients, 30 group P-1 and 29 group H-2, were included. Group P-1 experienced less pain than group H-2, with statistical significance in each phase (VAS 3h, VAS 8h and VAS 12h). These data are consistent with the consumption of analgesics for patients. There was a statistically significant reduction (p0.001) in the group P-1 (1.80 [DE 0.99]; medium 2, 95% confidence interval 1.43-2.17) compared with group H-2 (5.66 [1.58]; medium 6, 95% confidence interval 5.05-6.26).Monitoring of the intraoperative analgesia by pupillometry was able to reduce the intensity of the acute postoperative pain and analgesic consumption in the first 12h in the hospital room after major gynecological surgery.

Silanization has emerged in recent years as a way to obtain a stronger and more stable attachment of biomolecules to metallic substrates. However, its impact on protein conformation, a key aspect that influences cell response, has hardly been studied. In this work, we analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) the distribution and conformation of type I collagen on plasma-treated surfaces before and after silanization. Subsequently, we investigated the effect of the different collagen conformations on fibroblasts adhesion and fibronectin secretion by immunofluorescence analyses. Two different organosilanes were used on plasma-treated titanium surfaces, either 3-chloropropyl-triethoxy-silane (CPTES) or 3-glycidyloxypropyl-triethoxy-silane (GPTES). The properties and amount of the adsorbed collagen were assessed by contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy, and AFM. AFM studies revealed different conformations of type I collagen depending on the silane employed. Collagen was organized in fibrillar networks over very hydrophilic (plasma treated titanium) or hydrophobic (silanized with CPTES) surfaces, the latter forming little globules with a beads-on-a-string appearance, whereas over surfaces presenting an intermediate hydrophobic character (silanized with GPTES), collagen was organized into clusters with a size increasing at higher protein concentration in solution. Cell response was strongly affected by collagen conformation, especially at low collagen density. The samples exhibiting collagen organized in globular clusters (GPTES-functionalized samples) favored a faster and better fibroblast adhesion as well as better cell spreading, focal adhesions formation, and more pronounced fibronectin fibrillogenesis. In contrast, when a certain protein concentration was reached at the material surface, the effect of collagen conformation was masked, and similar fibroblast response was observed in all samples.