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Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has a good therapeutic effect on cardiovascular disease. However, the underlying mechanisms by which SAA improves mitochondrial respiration and cardiac function in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remain unknown. This study aims to elucidate whether SAA had any cardiovascular protection on the pathophysiology of DCM and explored the potential mechanisms. Diabetes was induced in rats by 30 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. After a week of stability, 5 mg/kg isoprenaline (ISO) was injected into the rats subcutaneously. 3 mg/kg SAA was orally administered for six weeks and 150 mg/kg Metformin was selected as a positive group. At the end of this period, cardiac function was assessed by ultrasound, electrocardiogram, and relevant cardiac injury biomarkers testing. Treatment with SAA improved cardiac function, glucose, and lipid levels, mitochondrial respiration, and suppressed myocardial inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, SAA treatment inhibits the apoptosis pathway through CRYAB in diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. As a result, this study not only provides new insights into the mechanism of SAA against DCM but also provides new therapeutic ideas for the discovery of anti-DCM compounds in the clinic., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)

Digital signature and watermarking are effective image copyright protection techniques. However, these methods come with some inherent drawbacks, including the incapacity of carrying information and inevitable fidelity loss, respectively. To improve this situation, this paper proposes a neural network-based image batch copyright protection scheme, with which a copyright message bitstream can be extracted from each registered image while no modifications are introduced. Taking advantage of the pattern extraction capability and the error tolerance of the neural network, the proposed scheme achieves perfect imperceptibility and superior robustness. Moreover, the network's preference for diverse data content makes it especially appropriate for multiple images copyright verification. These claims will be further supported by the experimental results in this paper.

Objective: To establish a method of simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid,galuteolin,quercetin and acacetin in Chrysanthemi Flos by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker( QAMS),and determine the application value of QAMS in the quality control of Chrysanthemi Flos., Methods: The analysis was established to use the Shim-pack C18( 250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm),the mobile phase of water contained acetonitrile( A)-0. 1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution( B) in a gradient elution manner,the flow rate was 1. 0 m L / min,the column temperature was 30 ℃,the injection volume was 10 μL,the detection wavelength was set at348 nm. A characteristic spectrum was used for identification of four components. By using chlorogenic acid as reference,the relative corrective factors( RCF) of the other three components with reference to chlorogenic acid were calculated. The method was evaluated by comparison of the quantitative results through external standard method and QAMS method., Results: The RCF of galuteolin, quercetin and acacetin with reference to chlorogenic acid were 0. 6865,0. 9976 and 0. 6665,and the RSD( n = 6) were 0. 1439%,0. 2512%,0. 3971%,respectively. The results from QAMS method were not significantly different from those from external standard method., Conclusion: The method with a single marker is accurate and feasible to evaluate the quality of galuteolin,quercetin and acacetin as reference to chlorogenic acid in Chrysanthemi Flos by QAMS.

Study Design: A method of atlantoaxial stabilization using individual fixation of the C1 posterior arch and the C2 pedicle with C2 pedicle screws and plates combined with C1 titanium cables is described. In addition, the clinical results of this method on 8 patients are described., Objective: To describe the method and the clinical and radiographic results for posterior C1-C2 fixation with a combined implant system., Summary of Background Data: Stabilization of the atlantoaxial complex is a challenging procedure because of the unique anatomy of this region. Fixation by plate or rod and C1 and C2 screw and structural bone grafting leads to excellent fusion rates. The technique is technically demanding and has a potential risk of the injuries to the vertebral artery, the internal carotid artery, spinal cord, and hypoglossal nerves. In addition, how to stabilize the atlantoaxial complex in the cases not suitable for placement of C1 screw is not described in the literature. To address these limitations, a method of C1-C2 fixation has been developed: bilateral insertion of C2 pedicle screws and rolling of C1 titanium cable through the posterior arch of atlas and the cranial hole of the plate, followed by C1-C2 plate fixation., Methods: From February 2003 to March 2006, 8 patients with atlantoaxial instability and not suitable for placement of C1 screw were included in this study: 5 cases of broken C1 pedicle screw trajectory and 3 cases of C1 anatomic anomalies. Skull traction was performed in each patient preoperatively. The pedicle screws were inserted into C2 pedicles in the direction as its axis. C1 titanium cable was rolled superior to lower through posterior arch of atlas in the cases not suitable for placement of C1 screw. The C1-C2 plate was slightly bent to fit the upper cervical contour. Hyperflexion alignment of the atlantoaxial complex was corrected by application of extension force created by tightening of the nut on the pedicle screws and the C1 titanium cable, which was passed through the cranial hole of the plate. Morselized autogenous cancellous iliac grafts were placed on the surface of the posterior arches of both atlas and axis. All patients were assessed clinically for neurologic recovery by Odom's method., Results: There were 5 males and 3 females with a mean age of 37.8 years (range, 17 to 59 y). There were 2 cases of old odontoid fracture, 2 cases fresh odontoid fracture (Aderson II C), 2 cases atlas transverse ligament laxation, 2 cases atlas transverse ligament rupture, and in these cases, 5 cases had failed placement of C1 screw because of broken C1 pedicle screw trajectory and 3 cases not suitable for placement of C1 screw because of anatomic anomalies. There were no spinal cord and vertebral artery and nerve injury after surgery. Follow-up duration was from 18 to 55 months with the average of 29 months. The plant bones all fused and there were no internal fixation rupture and mobility. All the patients showed improvement., Conclusions: C2 pedicle screw and plate combined with C1 titanium cable could be used to treat atlantoaxial instability in the cases not suitable for placement of C1 screw.

The anterior aspect of the upper thoracic spine is a difficult region to approach in spinal surgery. Many vital structures including osseus, articular, vascular and nervous ones hinder the exposure. With increasing frequency, spine surgeons are being asked to provide decompression and stabilization in patients with spinal tumors. The traditional exposure is between the esophagus and trachea medially and the left common carotid or the brachiocephalic artery (BCA) laterally, and the disadvantages were that the ligation and section of the left innominate vein is proposed to reach T4 and the injury of the thoracic duct could occur. The right space of the BCA or the ascending aorta (AA) (the exposure between the right brachiocephalic vein and the BCA or between the AA and superior caval vein) is recommended in exposing the upper thoracic vertebrae; this new space is technically feasible; the exposure is sufficient for vertebral body resection and reconstruction and fixation. Twenty-eight patients with upper thoracic spine tumors underwent surgery by the use of this new space between June 2000 and October 2005. A strut graft was fixed anteriorly after decompression of the spinal cord. Levels C7-T5 can be well exposed through this new space, allowing complete vertebral body removal at level T1-T4. After body removal, the posterior longitudinal ligament is well exposed, allowing complete release of the spinal cord. Curettage was performed in one case of aneurysmal bone cyst and three cases of bone giant cell tumors. For other tumors, vertebrectomies or sagittal resections were performed. Four patients underwent surgery by a combination of anterior and posterior approach.