Search

Background Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an effective treatment for coronary heart disease in cardiology. A variety of complex lesions are faced during PCI, among which coronary artery calcification (CAC) increases the difficulty of PCI, immediate postoperative risk, short-term and long-term postoperative risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Early identification and assessment of CAC is important to improve surgical success rate, reduce postoperative complications and adverse cardiovascular events risks and improve prognosis. Objective To explore the influencing factors of CAC in patients with coronary heart disease, so as to provide evidence for early prevention, diagnosis and PCI of CAC. Methods From January to December 2021, 353 patients with coronary heart disease admitted to the Department of Cardiology of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital for chest pain or chest tightness and diagnosed with coronary artery disease by coronary angiography (CAG) . A total of 196 patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected and received intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) . The included patients were divided into 73 patients in the non-calcification group (median calcification index = 0) , 62 patients in the low-calcification index group (0.000 1≤median calcification index≤0.216 6) , 61 patients in the high-calcification index group (median calcification index > 0.216 6) . Spearman rank correlation and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of the severity and incidence of CAC. Results There were significant differences in age, sex composition ratio, history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease, total protein, alkaline phosphatase, glutamyl transferase, albumin-to-globulin ratio, triglyceride-glucose index, triglyceride, phosphorus and glycated hemoglobin among the non-calcification group, low-calcification index group and high-calcification index group (P

Herein, a new template carbonization method is used to prepare calcite‐type nano‐calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with a core–shell structure using calcium hydroxide as a solute and Pluronic F‐127 as a templating and pore‐forming agent. Dopamine hydrochloride is added to control the size of calcium hydroxide particles. The morphology, particle size, and crystal type of CaCO3 are characterized via transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, nanoparticle size, and zeta potentiometer. The creation of core–shell calcium carbonate nanoparticles is examined in relation to reaction circumstances (i.e., additive sequence, additive amount, and additive mixing time), carbonization temperature, liquid flow rate, and templates with varying chain lengths. Furthermore, a discussion is held regarding the formation mechanism of spherical core–shell calcium carbonate that is created using the innovative template carbonization method. The results show that the order, amount, liquid flow rate, and template type of additives have a significant effect on the crystal shape of calcium carbonate nanoparticles. The mixing time of additives has a significant effect on the particle size of calcium carbonate nanoparticles. Interestingly, the thickness of the shell depends on the carbonization temperature, and too slow or too fast flow rate will lead to the formation of cyclic calcium carbonate nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the seasonal variations of the carbonate system and air‐sea CO2 fluxes were investigated by two cruises in the southern Yellow Sea (SYS) and the East China Sea (ECS), which were significantly influenced by the Changjiang riverine inputs across seasons. Biological‐mediated change of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was first quantitated through a three end‐member mixing model from winter to spring. Our modeling results suggested that DIC addition through biological remineralization persisted in the SYS during winter and spring, while DIC removal was evident in the Changjiang River Plume and the offshore ECS triggered by river inputs in spring. Horizontal and vertical mixing together constituted the largest contribution to the interseasonal variability of partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in the SYS (−69.5%), the river plume (−59.3%), and the ECS offshore (−43.8%), followed by temperature effects in the plume area (29.4%), and biological processes in the ECS offshore (24.1%) and the SYS (−7.7%), with air‐sea CO2 exchange contributing the least in both three subregions. The SYS, the river plume, and the ECS offshore all acted as atmospheric CO2 sinks in both winter and spring. Furthermore, their ability to absorb atmospheric CO2 increased from winter to spring, as reflected in a ∼1.8‐fold increase in the overall spring air‐sea CO2 flux compared to winter estimation. Plain Language Summary: The carbonate system has played an essential role in regulating the ocean carbon cycle due to its buffer capacity for ocean acidification, especially in continental shelf seas. However, complex biological and physical processes present difficulties in assessing the seasonal dynamics of the carbonate system and following air‐sea CO2 fluxes. In this study, seasonal variations of the carbonate system were identified in the southern Yellow Sea (SYS) and the East China Sea (ECS). From winter to spring, biological DIC addition happened in the SYS, while DIC removal by biological production exceeded the addition by remineralization and caused most springtime DIC consumption in the river plume and the ECS offshore. We also quantified pCO2 variations from winter to spring, revealing the importance of physical mixing in controlling the ocean carbon cycle. Our study regions acted as atmospheric CO2 sinks in winter and spring, and their sink capacity was strengthened from winter to spring. Key Points: Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) addition occurred in the southern Yellow Sea (SYS) during winter and spring, while springtime DIC removal occurred in the river plume and the East China Sea (ECS) offshorePhysical mixing became the primary factor in regulating the interseasonal variation of pCO2The capacity of coastal waters in absorbing atmospheric CO2 was enhanced from winter to spring [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]