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Objetivo: Descrever a incidência e relatar os casos de quedas em uma coorte de adultos críticos.Método: Estudo de coorte prospectivo, realizado em 2018 em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva(UTI) adulto no sul do Brasil. Pacientes foram acompanhados da admissão até a alta; asobservações foram realizadas mais de uma vez ao dia. Foram avaliadas variáveis clínicas e decuidados. Foi realizada análise descritiva, seguida do relato dos casos.Resultados: Foram acompanhados 551 pacientes, por 6 [3 – 12,7] dias de internação, gerando7.839 observações. Houve quatro casos de quedas, com taxa de incidência de 5,1/10.000observações/dia - intervalo de confiança de 99% [0,9 a 16] e densidade de incidência de 7/10.000observações/dia - intervalo de confiança de 99% [1,2 a 22]. Não foi observado dano grave.Conclusão: Quedas são pouco incidentes em UTI, o que pode ser explicado pelo emprego depráticas assistenciais seguras.Palavras-chave: Acidentes por quedas. Cuidados críticos. Unidades de terapia intensiva.Segurança do paciente. Acidentes.

Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção dos técnicos de enfermagem sobre os riscos ao paciente em uso de terapia nutricional enteral,durante um cenário de simulação clínica.Método: Estudo qualitativo, utilizou a simulação clínica com técnicos de enfermagem de um hospital universitário do Sul do Brasil,em agosto de 2017. As sessões foram gravadas em áudio e, posteriormente, transcritas. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se a análisede conteúdo.Resultados: A análise resultou em quatro categorias: Riscos relacionados com a sonda; Riscos relacionados com a dieta; Riscosrelacionados à contaminação e Riscos relacionados à rotina de cuidados.Conclusão: A simulação clínica permitiu que os técnicos de enfermagem identificassem riscos na prática de administração de terapianutricional enteral e meios de minimizá-los. Promover espaços para a educação permanente no serviço, utilizando metodologia desimulação clínica, oportuniza a reflexão crítica, o que pode contribuir para cuidados de enfermagem mais seguros, efetivos e de qualidade.Palavras-chave: Treinamento por simulação. Terapia nutricional. Nutrição enteral. Segurança do paciente. Cuidados de enfermagem.

Introduction: few studies clearly describe incidents or adverse events that occur during the enteral nutrition process, which hinders the identification of critical points. Objective: to describe breaches of protocol, incidents and adverse events, during the period beginning with indications until the use of enteral feeding tube in an Emergency Department. Method: trained nurses prospectively monitored a cohort of adults in a Brazilian Emergency Department where use of enteral feeding tube was indicated and up to their use. The study sought to identify breaches of protocol, such as verbal orders to insert feeding tubes, or authorization of their use without X-rays to confirm the position of the feeding tubes. Incidents were characterized as events that could have caused harm to patients, while adverse events were those that did actually cause harm. The study was approved by the institution's Research Ethics Committee. Results: in 150 feeding tube insertions, there were 169 breaches of protocol: verbal orders for feeding tube insertion (n = 59); no X-rays taken (n = 11); and no examination of the X-rays by physicians (n = 12). There were 30 incidents: unintentional removal of the feeding tube (n = 23); and administration of enteral nutrition after breach of preventive barriers. There was one adverse event: aspiration of enteral nutrition. Conclusion: there was a high frequency of breaches of safety protocols; many developed into incidents, and one resulted in an adverse event. Resumen Introducción: pocos estudios describen claramente los incidentes o eventos adversos que suceden durante el proceso de nutrición enteral, dificultando la identificación de puntos críticos. Objetivo: describir las rupturas de protocolo, los incidentes y los eventos adversos de la indicación para uso de sondas nasogástricas en un Servicio de Urgencias. Método: enfermeras capacitadas siguieron prospectivamente a una cohorte de adultos de un Servicio de Urgencias brasileño, con indicación de uso de sonda enteral. Se buscó identificar las rupturas de protocolo, descritas como: "orden verbal" para inserción de la sonda o para aprobar su uso; y no realización de radiografía confirmatoria del posicionamiento de la sonda. Los incidentes fueron considerados eventos que podrían haber provocado daños al paciente, mientras que los eventos adversos, como incidentes que efectivamente los provocaron. Este proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la institución. Resultados: en 150 inserciones de sonda hubo 169 rupturas de protocolo: orden verbal para inserción de sonda (n = 59), no realización de radiografía (n = 11) y radiografía no evaluada por médico (n = 12). Ocurrieron 30 incidentes: retiro inadvertido de sonda (n = 23) y administración de dieta en vigencia de ruptura de barreras (n = 7). Hubo un evento adverso grave (aspiración de dieta). Conclusión: hubo elevada frecuencia de ruptura de protocolo de seguridad; muchas evolucionaron a incidentes y uno de ellos resultó evento adverso.

Objective: demonstrate adipokines progression, along 12 months, in obese children and adolescents who attend the Obesity Outpatient Clinic for Children and Adolescents of the HCPA. Methods: children and adolescents in medical treatment for obesity were followed for 12 months, assessing anthropometry, blood pressure, waist circumference, lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and insulin, inter leukine- 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and adiponectin in two points in time: at inclusion and after 12 months follow-up in the Obesity Outpatient Clinic for Children and Adolescents. Results: 27 children and adolescents were assessed with median age of 10.3 years. The mean BMI z-scores lowered during this period (p < 0.01), HDL-c increased in the period (p = 0.025). The medians of adipokines did not vary during the period: IL-6 (p = 0.470), TNF-α (p = 0.753) and adiponectin (p = 0.943). There was no correlation of IL-6 and TNF-α with central and global obesity along the 12-months follow-up. Adiponectin increased in 45% of the sample, the increase being more pronounced in females. Conclusion: children and adolescents in medical treatment for obesity, after one-year follow-up, did not improve their adiponectin profile. Objetivo: demostrar la evolución de las adipocinas a lo largo de 12 meses en niños obesos usuarios del Ambulatorio de Obesidad Infantojuvenil. Métodología: se hizo el seguimiento de niños y adolescentes en tratamiento clínico para obesidad a lo largo de 12 meses. Se los evaluó en lo tocante a antropometría, presión arterial, circunferencia de cintura, perfil lipídico, glicemia e insulina en ayuno, interleucina 6, factor de necrosis tumoral alfa y adiponectina en dos instancias: inclusión y después de 12 meses de seguimiento en el Ambulatorio de Obesidad Infantojuvenil. Resultados: se evaluaron 27 niños y adolescentes con una media de edad de 10,3 años. Los valores promedio de la puntuación-z del IMC bajaron en el periodo (p < 0,01), el HDL-c aumentó sus niveles en este periodo (p = 0,025). Las medianas de las adipocinas no variaron a lo largo del periodo: IL-6 (p = 0,470), TNF-α (p = 0,753) y adiponectina (p = 0,943). No hubo correlación entre la IL-6 y el TNF-α con obesidad central y global a lo largo de los 12 meses de seguimiento. El 45% de la muestra aumentó sus valores de adiponectina, siendo mayor este aumento en el sexo femenino. Conclusión: los niños y adolescentes en tratamiento clínico para obesidad tras un año de seguimiento no mejoraron su perfil de adipocinas.

Objectives: to evaluate the agreement between oral feeding by patients and chart records of this acceptance. Method: Besides the food intake surveys of surgical patients, the nursing records of nutrition were evaluated. Is was considered good oral feeding: intake ≥ 75% of total calories prescribed at the day; medium acceptance: 50 to 74.9%; low acceptance: < 50% and NPO (nothing per oral). The Kappa coefficient was adopted to assess agreement. Results: there were similar answers between patient and nursing records in 91.3% of NPO situations, 87.1% for good oral feeding, 17.8% for medium acceptance and 16.5% for low acceptance (Kappa = 0.45). Conclusion: agreement between patient�fs reports and nursing records was moderate to low. A higher proportion of similar answers were observed when the patients related good oral feeding or NPO. Objetivo: evaluar la concordancia entre la aceptación de la dieta oral reportada por los pacientes y los registros en prontuario de esta aceptación. Método: fueron evaluados el consumo de alimentos y los registros de la ingestión en prontuario por las enfermeras. Se considero �"buena aceptación": la ingesta de ≥ 75% de las calorías totales prescritas por día, �"regular aceptación": de 50 a 74,9%; �"baja aceptación": < 50% y NPO (nada por la boca). Para la evaluación de la concordancia fue utilizado el coeficiente Kappa. Resultados: la proporción de respuestas coincidentes entre el relato del paciente y el registro de las enfermeras fue 91,3% en casos de NPO, 87,1% para �"buena aceptación", 17,8% para �"regular aceptación" y 16.5% para �"baja aceptación" (Kappa = 0,45). Conclusión: la concordancia entre los relatos de los pacientes y los registros de las enfermeras fue de moderada a débil. Hubo una mayor proporción de respuestas coincidentes cuando los pacientes informaron "buena aceptación" o cuando había NPO prescrito.

Objective: demonstrate adipokines progression, along 12 months, in obese children and adolescents who attend the Obesity Outpatient Clinic for Children and Adolescents of the HCPA. Methods: children and adolescents in medical treatment for obesity were followed for 12 months, assessing anthropometry, blood pressure, waist circumference, lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and insulin, inter leukine- 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and adiponectin in two points in time: at inclusion and after 12 months follow-up in the Obesity Outpatient Clinic for Children and Adolescents. Results: 27 children and adolescents were assessed with median age of 10.3 years. The mean BMI z-scores lowered during this period (p < 0.01), HDL-c increased in the period (p = 0.025). The medians of adipokines did not vary during the period: IL-6 (p = 0.470), TNF-α (p = 0.753) and adiponectin (p = 0.943). There was no correlation of IL-6 and TNF-α with central and global obesity along the 12-months follow-up. Adiponectin increased in 45% of the sample, the increase being more pronounced in females. Conclusion: children and adolescents in medical treatment for obesity, after one-year follow-up, did not improve their adiponectin profile.

Objectives: to evaluate the agreement between oral feeding by patients and chart records of this acceptance. Method: Besides the food intake surveys of surgical patients, the nursing records of nutrition were evaluated. Is was considered good oral feeding: intake ≥ 75% of total calories prescribed at the day; medium acceptance: 50 to 74.9%; low acceptance: < 50% and NPO (nothing per oral). The Kappa coefficient was adopted to assess agreement. Results: there were similar answers between patient and nursing records in 91.3% of NPO situations, 87.1% for good oral feeding, 17.8% for medium acceptance and 16.5% for low acceptance (Kappa = 0.45). Conclusion: agreement between patientfs reports and nursing records was moderate to low. A higher proportion of similar answers were observed when the patients related good oral feeding or NPO.

Objective: Verify whether the postoperative fasting period increases the risk for infection and prolonged length of stay. Methods: Prospective cohort study. Elective surgery patients were included. Excluded: those with no conditions for nutritional assessment, admitted in minimal care units, as well as with 1 day of postoperative fasting increased the infection risk by 2.04 (CI95%: 1.20 to 3.50), ≥ 3 days 2.81 (CI95%: 1.4-5.8), and in fasting for more than 5 days the infection risk was 2.88 times higher (CI95%: 1.17 to 7.16). The risk for prolonged hospitalization was 2.4 (CI95%: 1.48 to 3.77) among patients who had ≥ 1 day fasting, 4.44 (CI95%: 2.0 to 9.8) and 4.43 times higher (CI95%: 1.73 to 11.3) among patients with ≥ 3 days fasting and more than 5 days, respectively. Conclusion: The longer duration of postoperative fasting was an independent risk factor both for infection and for prolonged hospital stay. Objetivo: Constatar si el periodo de ayuno postoperatorio aumenta el riesgo de infección y prolonga la estancia hospitalaria. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte prospectivo. Fueron incluidos pacientes en cirugía selectiva. Se excluyeron aquellos sin posibilidades de evaluación nutricional, ingresados a unidades de cuidado mínimo y con 1 día de ayuno, 4,44 (CI95%: 2,0 al 9,8) y 4,43 veces más alta (CI95%: 1,73 al 11,3) entre pacientes con ≥ 3 días de ayuno y por más de 5 días, respectivamente. Conclusión: La mayor duración del ayuno postoperatorio fue un factor de riesgo independiente tanto para la infección como para la estancia hospitalaria prolongada.

Objective: Verify whether the postoperative fasting period increases the risk for infection and prolonged length of stay. Methods: Prospective cohort study. Elective surgery patients were included. Excluded: those with no conditions for nutritional assessment, admitted in minimal care units, as well as with