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The analysis of statistical data and numerous examples from law enforcement practice indicates the transformation of ways of involving minors in criminal activity, namely, an increase in cases of such involvement using modern digital and information and communication technologies. The purpose of the paper is to study the criminalistic signs of remote involvement of minors in criminal activity. The dialectical, logical, systemic, as well as a number of other methods of scientific cognition: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, generalization, description form the methodological basis of the study. Results: the authors substantiate the conclusion that it is necessary to consider the actions of remote involvement of minors in crimes as an independent object of criminalistic research. It is noted that these actions often act as an element of the mechanism of organized criminal activity committed and coordinated from the territory of other states. The subjects, methods, means and conditions of remote involvement of minors in criminal activity, as well as concealment of such actions, are analyzed. The article formulates a number of scientific and applied tasks that require prompt solution in the stud y and dev elopment of criminalistic means and methods of investigation and prevention of remote involvement of minors in criminal activity.

The article presents an assessment of the impact of mineral fertilizers on food security. It is defined that the most common indicator of food security is the indicator of self-sufficiency. The assessment of Russia’s self-sufficiency in grain has revealed an ascending trend. If initially the country was faced with a situation where in some years less grain was produced than was required for domestic consumption, later the agroindustrial complex completely closed the need for grain, both for personal consumption and processing, and for feed. Significant surpluses have made the country the world’s leading grain exporter. Based on correlation and regression analysis, data were obtained confirming that a significant increase in grain yields in Russia is a direct consequence of an increase in the application of mineral fertilizers. This situation is positive both from the point of view of ensuring food security and from the point of view of reproduction of soil fertility, which means future food security.

The paper assesses the impact of crop cultivation on the reproduction of land resources. It is determined that the change in the yield of major agricultural crops shows an upward trend. It was determined that crop yields are volatile due to natural and climatic phenomena. By comparing the values of nutrient removal with yield, it is determined that the most resource-intensive crop is corn, and the least - rapeseed. By comparing the removal and application of nutrients for the main agricultural crops, the conclusion is made about the narrow character of reproduction of land resources in Russia. It was found that for all crops, with the exception of rapeseed, there is a situation in which the removal of nutrients exceeds the volume of their application. The general conclusion of the study is the revealed trend of soil fertility reduction and degradation of land resources of the agricultural sector.

The characteristics of the natural-climatic zone of the Omsk region are given and an analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of soils is carried out. A technical solution for cultivating the soil using the working parts of vibrating cultivator has been proposed. In the process of this research, the dependences of the trajectory movement of the vibratingtype lancet paw and its blades ends when interacting with the cultivated soil were established, and calculations of traction resistance were performed. The use of vibrating working body of the cultivator reduces traction resistance by 5%, which saves fuel, increases the degree of weed cutting by 10%, and decrease the degree of soil sticking by 15%. The effectiveness of using cultivator with vibration-action working parts helps to increase crop yields and reduce the cost of resulting products.

Increase in the productivity of domestic grain cleaning machines produced by traditional methods has exhausted itself. Therefore, the country's agricultural enterprises of various forms of ownership need high-performance innovative grain cleaning machines for post-harvest grain processing. The article presents various methods and ways to improve the performance of grain cleaning machines. The results of studies are presented to determine the completeness of separation and the sieve capacity of grain cleaning machines with oblong holes located at an angle, when interacting with a long edge, which makes reciprocal oscillations. Theoretically, rational values of inclination angle of the sieve holes are determined equal to α’ = 10… 15°, which increases the probability of a particle passing into the sieve hole by 1.7 times. The results of the production inspection of the sieves of the proposed design showed that the capacity of the grain cleaning machine increased by 23%, and the quality of cleaning the grain mixture meets the agrotechnical requirements.

The relevance of this study lies in the fact that the modern oil market is characterized by instability and high competition. Depletion of oil fields, deterioration of oil production equipment, price instability and political conflicts negatively affect Russia's position in the global energy market. The new economic conditions of 2021 are associated with a decrease in demand for oil and its products, high import dependence, conservation of wells to fulfil the OPEC++ deal, which will lead to a 3-10% drop in the market. It is necessary to apply new methods of oil production, one of which is the modern technology of Achimov oil fields development. The source materials were statistical data from the Center for Macroeconomic Analysis and Short-term Forecasting, the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation, world rating reports. The pandemic and self-isolation of 2020 led to the fact that the Russian oil sector lost 50-60% of revenue from hydrocarbon exports, more than 50% of its capitalization. The following fact is relevant for Russian oil companies: search for new markets (for example, Asia); application of innovative technologies to maintain the profitability of oil and gas production through the development of Achimovka oil deposits; development of small deposits and deposits with hard-to-recover reserves.

The paper is dedicated to digitalization efficiency evaluation methods in view of regional economy. Existing methods are briefly summarized. A modified digital efficiency evaluation method adopted to aquaculture as one of the key fields in regional economy of the Republic of Karelia as well as Finland, is extensively studied by means of simulation based on the statistics of the sector, and optimal parameters of budget devoted to digitalization for various size enterprises are obtained by means of numerical study.

The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean has identified the energy transition period as one of the strategic areas of action to accelerate the recovery of the region. Renewable energy can become a comparative advantage in terms of attracting investments in other sectors of energy-intensive industries, for example, those related to green hydrogen and the development of carbon-neutral technologies. The dynamic international market and the countries of the Latin American region have the opportunity to solve the tasks strategically with the help of investments. The goal is to conduct a quantitative analysis and directions of FDI to Latin America and the Caribbean based on statistical data. Investment cooperation is analysed within the framework of the theory of structural functionalism (Parsons) using macroeconomic indicators of foreign trade cooperation based on UNCTAD statistics on world investment, data from the central banks of Bolivia, Brazil, CEPAL statistical agencies and the Bank of Russia.

Necessary quality of soil cultivation is not always achieved by disk plough-harrows. To solve this problem the improved working unit - flat hexagonal disk was proposed. The aim of the investigation was to determine the dependence of the functional efficiency of the soil tilling implement with flat hexagonal working bodies on its mechanical and technological parameters. The technological process of interaction of the flat hexagonal disk working unit with soil and plant residues was a subject of investigation. To assess the quality of the tillage depending on the approach angle (θ = 15, 25, 35°), machine speed (V = 6, 8, 10 km/h) and processing depth (h = 60, 80, 100 cm) the laboratory tests in the soil channel and field researches at Siberian zonal machine-testing station were carried out. On the surface of the soil channel the stubble cover with weeds was simulated. The ratio of stubble conservation in the soil after the experiment to the weight of stubble used for imitation of the stubble cover served as a criterion of evaluation of the safety of stubble on the surface of the field. The relation of a difference in the weight of mulch, scattered over the soil surface before the test, and that, gathered after the passage of the machine, to the initial weight of mulch was used as a criterion of embedding of vegetative mass in soil. The prototypes of flat hexagonal disc carried out quality tillage with ridgeness no more than 4 cm, the stubble conservation 86…94 %, the chopped straw mass integrity 60 %. Reduction in the presence in soil of erosion-dangerous particles to 1 % allows using flat hexagonal discs in areas exposed to wind erosion

The article examines the dynamics of achieving the main targets for crop production in the Russian Federation and identifies the nature of the problems associated with under-fulfillment of some indicators for crop production. The commodity structure of the export/import of the Russian Federation for crop production for 2021, the dynamics of expansion and the structure of the acreage of agricultural crops are analyzed, information is provided on the achievement of the planned values of indicators for 2021, it is proved that Russia has reached the values of food security in almost all key areas: grain, vegetable oil, sugar, etc. The results showed that there are still a number of unresolved problems, including investing in domestic agricultural science and their effectiveness, reducing the human potential of innovative activity of the Russian agro-industrial complex, inefficiency of communications between key stakeholders, resource provision of the agro-industrial complex.

Research background. Due to the significant role that the United States, Russia and China play in the world political and economic processes, US-Russia-China relations can be recognized as the most important interstate relations in the world, setting the direction for the transformation of the international system. Nowadays, the study of these trilateral relations is a relevant scientific task. The authors, on a systematic basis, have investigated the aspects of interaction between the USA, Russia and China in the modern economy, which opened the way for solving the key issues of international relations. The authors have published several papers on this issue in Russia and abroad, including publications in Scopus and Web of Science indexed journals. Purpose of the article is to analyse the US-Russia-China relations and to determine the directions of their development in the context of globalization of the world economy. Methods. To analyse the interests, a systematic method was used that allows considering the interests of the United States, China and Russia as an holistic, complex mechanism with elements constantly interacting with each other. Findings & Value added. Despite geographical, linguistic, religious, and other distinctions, the United States, China, and Russia have a lot in common. There were historical periods of active and positive cooperation between these three major superpowers. In our opinion, in spite of the current contradictions between the parties, Russia, China and the United States have a mutual concern in harmonizing trilateral interests. However, the existed contradictions are not insoluble.

Research background: The authors on a systematic basis have investigated the features of trade relations between Russia and neighboring Asian states. It was published several articles on this issue in Russia and abroad, including publications in Scopus and Web of Science indexed journals. Purpose of the article: The aim of the research is to analyze the current situation and prospects for the development of mutual trade cooperation between Russia and neighboring Asian states (Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan). Methods: The research is based on the methodology of general system theory. The present research was accomplished using the following methods for studying complex social objects: synthesis, comparison, system analysis, analogy, construction of scientifically based hypotheses, etc. The theoretical basis for the study was the works of M.O. Slobodchikoff, M.E. Aleprete [1], P. Bargues-Pedreny [2], R. Mac Ginty [3], and J. L. Austin [4]. Findings & Value added: The authors have investigated mutual trade cooperation between Russia and neighboring Asian states (Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan). The study has showed that the major problem of Russia’s trade with neighboring Asian states is based on resource-oriented export. Russia’s key task at Central Asian market is to expand the share of non-resource-based sectors. A variety of export categories will make the Russian economy more resilient to global fluctuations and crises. At the same time, it is necessary to develop trade and economic cooperation with India, Indonesia and Brazil, as well as to form a coalition of non-aligned countries and African countries in order to deter China and the USA.

Maritime transport plays an important role in economic development of society, because it carries about 85% of goods, but it consumes a significant amount of fuel resources, which has a serious impact on air pollution. Millions of tons of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, soot, heavy metal compounds and water vapor are released into atmosphere each year. These factors influence constant search for more effective methods to reduce toxicity of exhaust gases and develop organizational and economic conditions for fuel usage.

This 30-volume edition of the Collected Works of Russian-American sociologist Pitirim Aleksandrovich Sorokin (1889–1968), the publication of which is ongoing with support from the Komi Republic Government (Russian Federation), is unique and the most extensive in Russian sociology. The review article critically assesses the preparation for publication of 13 volumes that cover almost the entire Russian period of the sociologist’s work. The introductory articles to the volumes not only introduce him to the reader, but also collectively provide an overview of the classic sociologist’s scientific program and the stages of its implementation. Carefully selected by the publishers, reviews of P.A. Sorokin’s books by his contemporaries, attached to the volumes of the Collected Works, and an excellent scientific and reference apparatus (indexes of names and cited literature) allow us to reconstruct the historical and scientific context of P.A. Sorokin’s theoretical and methodological thought, with a few exceptions regarding the racial theories that penetrated sociology in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Controversial terminological solutions in translating the conceptual apparatus from English into Russian were examined. Today P.A. Sorokin’s landmark studies need to be reconsidered through a new lens and reevaluated given how much time has passed and that the current historical situation in our country and in the world is no less complicated than the period during which his work was created. As such, the points of accession to P.A. Sorokin’s ideas, primarily in the theory and methodology of sociology, have been identified: his underestimated contribution to the development of the General Theory of Social Systems and the Methodology of the Study of Value Systems in the dynamics of society.

Introduction. Over the last few decades, the incidence of acute pancreatitis is increasing, partly due to the increasing number of patients with cholelithiasis, which is the reason of 27,0-62,0 % of cases. Therefore, an adequate treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis remains a very important clinical problem. Aim. To compare the results of early and delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with mild acute biliary pancreatitis, based on the assessment of intra-, early and long-term effects of early surgery. Materials and methods. To estimate intra-, early and late postoperative complications in a randomized manner were selected 145 patients with a first episode of mild acute biliary pancreatitis (64 women and 81 men aged 18 – 76 years). Diagnosis was established on the basis of the international standards (Banks P. A., Freeman M. L., 2006), biliary pancreatitis genesis was confirmed by the visualization of the calculus or biliary sludge in gallbladder, using ultrasonography and severity of pancreatitis patients was determined by the criteria of J. H. C. Ranson (1974). All the patients were stratified into two groups: 49 patients (23 women and 26 men aged 18 to 72 years) in the group, for which the laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed within 72 hours after the elimination of the symptoms of acute pancreatitis; 96 patients in comparison group (46 women and 50 men aged 18 – 76 years), for which surgeries were performed in 4-8 weeks after the discharge from the hospital. Statistical indices calculation was performed using a standard software (Statistica, Version 6, StatSoft, Inc) with determination criterion of K. Pearson – χ2. The difference was considered significant, when p < 0.05. Results and discussion. The evaluation of the frequency of early complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (in particular, biloma; leakage of blood from the bed of the gallbladder or bile from the bile ducts; trocar festering wounds), as well as the need for drainage of the abdominal cavity, intraoperative use of additional diagnosis methods, carrying out the conversion. After the early cholecystectomy in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis significantly more often occurred the need of drainage in the abdomen and the use of the additional intraoperative diagnosis methods, that was caused by the severe anatomical terms. In two cases, the transition was required to open surgeries (p < 0.05). Therefore, performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy was observed the CVS (critical-view-of-safety) principle, standardized operating techniques for positive identification of the gall bladder, cystic duct and artery. Two patients (p < 0.05) were transferred in postoperative period into the intensive care unit and needed intensive care due to the deterioration of their condition. If the doctors of the patients gave preference to delayed cholecystectomy, in the remote postoperative period the proportion of the patients with extrahepatic bile duct obstruction and recurrent acute pancreatitis, which ran normally in severe form was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Early cholecystectomy in patients with mild acute biliary pancreatitis prevent the recurrence of biliary pancreatitis and the occurrence of other complications of gallstones diseases, compared with the delayed surgery. However, this tactic is potentially dangerous due to intra- and early postoperative complications, requiring high qualification of operating surgeon and often additional financial support.

Purpose: Individuals with aphasia identify discourse-level communication (i.e., language in use) as a high priority for treatment. The central premise of most aphasia treatments is that restoring language at the phoneme, word, and/or sentence level will generalize to discourse. However, treatment-related changes in discourse-level communication are modest, are poorly understood, and vary greatly among individuals with aphasia. In response, this study consisted of a multilevel discourse analysis of archival, monologic discourse outcomes across two high-intensity Semantic Feature Analysis (SFA) clinical trials. Aim 1 evaluated changes in theoretically motivated discourse outcomes representing lexical-semantic processing, lexical diversity, grammatical complexity, and discourse informativeness. Aim 2 explored the potential moderating role of nonlanguage cognitive factors (semantic memory, divided attention, and executive function) on discourse outcomes. Method: This study was a retrospective analysis of archival monologic discourse outcomes after intensive SFA for n = 60 (Aim 1) and a subset n = 44 (Aim 2). Outcome measures included lexical--semantic processing (% semantic errors), lexical diversity (moving average type--token ratio), grammatical complexity (mean utterance length), and discourse informativeness (% correct information units). Bayesian generalized mixed-effects models were used to examine changes across four study time points: enrollment, entry, exit, and 1-month follow-up. Results: The present study found no evidence for meaningful or statistically reliable improvements in monologue discourse performance after SFA when measured using standard, general-topic discourse stimuli. There was weak and inconsistent evidence that nonlanguage cognitive factors may play a role in moderating treatment response. Conclusions: These findings indicate a clear need to pair theoretically informed treatments designed to facilitate generalization to discourse with intentional measurement paradigms designed to capture it. Furthermore, there is a clear need to examine how established treatments, restorative or compensatory, can better facilitate generalization to discourse-level communication. These priorities are critical for meaningfully improving everyday communication and reducing the profound communication and psychosocial consequences of aphasia.