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This study presents the metabolomic profiles of the four Ribes species (Ribes pauciflorum Turcz., Ribes triste Pall., Ribes dicuscha Fisch., and Ribes aureum Purch.). The plant material was collected during two expeditions in the Russian Far East. Tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect target analytes. A total of 205 bioactive compounds (155 compounds from polyphenol group and 50 compounds from other chemical groups) were tentatively identified from the berries and extracts of the four Ribes species. For the first time, 29 chemical constituents from the polyphenol group were tentatively identified in the genus Ribes. The newly identified polyphenols include flavones, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, lignans, coumarins, stilbenes, and others. The other newly detected compounds in Ribes species are the naphthoquinone group (1,8-dihydroxy-anthraquinone, 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-9(10H)-anthracenone, 8,8′-dihydroxy-2,2′-binaphthalene-1,1′,4,4′-tetrone, etc.), polyhydroxycarboxylic acids, omega-3 fatty acids (stearidonic acid, linolenic acid), and others. Our results imply that Ribes species are rich in polyphenols, especially flavanols, anthocyanins, flavones, and flavan-3-ols. These results indicate the utility of Ribes species for the health and pharmaceutical industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lonicera caerulea, commonly known as honeysuckle, is widespread on the Eurasian continent. Its berries are rich in bioactive compounds. However, limited studies have explored the metabolome composition of the berries of varieties and wild accessions in different subspecies of L. caerulea. Herein, the metabolomic compositions of four varieties of L. caerulea ssp. caerulea and one variety and five wild accessions of L. caerulea ssp. kamtschatica (Sevast.) Gladkova were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) and ESI-MS/MS. As a result, 151 compounds were identified in the two L. caerulea subspecies. In total, 88 and 84 compounds were detected in L. caerulea and L. caerulea ssp. kamtschatica, respectively. Twenty-one compounds were common in both subspecies, whereas 67 and 63 compounds were specific to each subspecies, respectively. The honeysuckle berries were rich in polyphenols including flavonoids, flavanones, flavanols, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins. The metabolome of the L. caerulea berries had high compound diversity (39 compound classes) compared to that of L. caerulea ssp. kamtschatica (27 compound classes). Of the detected metabolites, 44 compounds were tentatively newly identified, consisting of 37 polyphenols and seven others. Prevalent anthocyanins in the two subspecies were different, such that the L. caerulea berries had delphinidins, pelargonidins, and peonidins, whereas the L. caerulea ssp. kamtschatica berries had cyanidins, delphinidins, and peonidins. These results provide new data on the metabolome composition of honeysuckle berries, which is important for the future exploration into the health benefits of honeysuckle berries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comparative metabolomic study of three varieties of alfalfa (Medicago varia Mart.) was performed via extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide modified with ethanol (EtOH) and the detection of bioactive compounds via tandem mass spectrometry. Several experimental conditions were investigated in the pressure range of 50–250 bar, with ethanol used as a co-solvent in an amount of 1% of the total volume in the liquid phase at a temperature in the range of 31–70 °C. The most effective extraction conditions were as follows: a pressure of 250 Bar and a temperature of 60 °C for M. varia. M. varia contains various phenolic compounds and sulfated polyphenols with valuable biological activity. Tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI–ion trap) was applied to detect the target analytes. A total of 103 bioactive compounds (59 polyphenols and 44 compounds belonging to other chemical groups) were tentatively identified in extracts from aerial parts of alfalfa. For the first time, twenty-one chemical constituents from the polyphenol group (flavones: Formononetin, Chrysoeriol, Cirsimaritin, Cirsiliol, Cirsilineol, tricin-O-hexoside, Apigenin C-glucose C-deoxyhexoside, Apigenin 7-O-diglucuronide, 2′-Hydroxygenistein 4′,7-O-diglucoside, etc.) and six from other chemical groups (saponins: Soyasaponin II, Soyasaponin gamma g, Soyasaponin I, Soyasaponin Bd, Soyaysaponin beta g, etc.) were identified in the aerial parts of M. varia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to assess the possible endocrine disruptor effects on rat mammary tissue and reproductive organs during pregnancy and lactation when exposed to low doses of glyphosate and its combination with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and dicamba. The study involved the exposure of pregnant Wistar rats to various regulatory-relevant doses of glyphosate, ranging from gestational day 6 until fine of the lactation period. Glyphosate doses corresponded to the European Union's glyphosate-acceptable daily intake (ADI; 0.5mg/kg bw/day) and no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL; 50mg/kg bw/day). The dose of the mixture of glyphosate, dicamba, and 2,4-D was at the European Union ADI for each herbicide namely 0.5, 0.002, and 0.3mg/kg bw/day, respectively. In the animals exposed to glyphosate NOAEL serum estradiol levels were increased compared to untreated animals, along with an upregulation of TNF-?, MMP-2, and MMP-9 as measured in mammary gland homogenates compared to nontreated animals. Moreover, in this group, a focally acute inflammatory infiltrate was observed in the mammary gland. Our study showed that short-term exposure to glyphosate at doses that are set as safe by regulators and thus without risk corroborated with a particular physiological state as gestation and lactation, can give rise to inflammatory changes in breast tissue in rats. These findings support the need for further evaluation of glyphosate and mixtures of glyphosate with other pesticides for public health protection, especially for those categories vulnerable to the potential endocrine disruptor properties of these pesticides such as pregnant women, newborns, and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitis amurensis Ruprecht contains a large number of polyphenolic compounds which are biologically active components. For the most efficient and safe extraction supercritical carbon dioxide was used. In this work, for the first time, a comparative metabolomic study of biologically active substances of wild grapes collected from five different places of the Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories is carried out. To identify target analytes in ethanol extracts of grape berries, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used in combination with an amaZon SL ion trap (manufactured by BRUKER DALTONIKS, Germany) equipped with an ESI electrospray ionization source in negative and positive ion modes. The mass spectrometer was used in the scan range m / z 100 - 1.700 for MS and MS / MS. Used fragmentation of the 4th order. Primary mass spectrometric results showed the presence of 89 biologically active compounds corresponding to the species V. amurensis, moreover, salvianolic acids F, D and G, oleanoic, ursolic, myristoleic acids, berbericinin, mearnsetin, esculin, nevadensin, stigmasterol, fucosterol, phlorizin, L-tryptophan identified for the first time in V. amurensis.

The purpose of this work was a comparative metabolomic study of extracts of Blueberried honeysuckle Lonicera caerulea L.: №1043-11 (St. Petersburg); №1043-08 (St. Petersburg) №863; (Japan); №860 (Wild Lonicera from Amur river) from the collection of N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. To identify target analytes in extracts HPLC was used in combination with a BRUKER DALTONIKS ion trap. The results showed the presence of 82 target analytes corresponding to family Caprifoliaceae. In addition to the reported metabolites, a number of metabolites were newly annotated in Lonicera caerulea L. There were flavonols: Dihydrokaempferol, Rhamnetin I, Rhamnetin II, Taxifolin-3O-glucoside, Mearnsetin-hexoside, Horridin; flavones: Chrysoeriol, Apigenin-O-pentoside, Chrysoeriol-7-Oglucoside; flavanone Naringenin; flavan-3-ols: Catechin, Epicatechin, Biochanin A-7-O-glucoside; essential amino acids: L-Pyroglutamic acid, Tyrosine; polypeptide 5-Oxo-L-propyl-L-isoleucine; sterols: Ergosterol, Fucosterol, Beta-Sitosterin; triterpenoids: Betunolic acid, Oleanoic acid; anabolic steroid Vebonol, indole sesquiterpene alkaloid Sespendole; iridoids: Monotropein, p-Coumaroyl monotropein, p-Coumaroyl monotropein hexoside; Myristoleic acid, etc.

Vitis amurensis Ruprecht contains a large number of polyphenolic compounds which are biologically active components. For the most efficient and safe extraction supercritical carbon dioxide was used. In this work, for the first time, a comparative metabolomic study of biologically active substances of wild grapes collected from five different places of the Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories is carried out. To identify target analytes in ethanol extracts of grape berries, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used in combination with an amaZon SL ion trap (manufactured by BRUKER DALTONIKS, Germany) equipped with an ESI electrospray ionization source in negative and positive ion modes. The mass spectrometer was used in the scan range m / z 100 - 1.700 for MS and MS / MS. Used fragmentation of the 4th order. Primary mass spectrometric results showed the presence of 94 biologically active compounds corresponding to the species V. amurensis, moreover, salvianolic acids F, D and G, oleanoic, ursolic, myristoleic acids, berbericinin, mearnsetin, esculin, nevadensin, stigmasterol, fucosterol, phlorizin, L-tryptophan identified for the first time in V. amurensis.

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