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On the basis of its overwhelming use in the literature over the past 100 years, it is here suggested that a reversal of precedence be applied to preserve the prevailing usage of the subtribal name "Ichnestomina" Burmeister, 1842 against the more technically correct but virtually ignored "Ichnestomatina". As none of the key symplesiomorphic characters of the Ichnestomina type genus Ichnestoma Gory & Percheron, 1833 and its related genera are shared with Paraxeloma Holm 1988, it is also proposed that this latter genus be removed from the Ichnestomina and reincorporated into the subtribe Cetoniina Leach, 1815, or alternatively into the Goliathina Griffith & Pidgeon, 1832. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Lophorrhina Westwood, 1842, L. garnieri sp. nov., was recently discovered in the Labwor Hills range of north-eastern Uganda and is here described. It differs substantially from its closest relative, L. pentachordia (Klug, 1835), particularly at the level of male clypeus but also in the aedeagal parameres, which show an expanded apical surface with lateral projections. In the male of the new species, the clypeus exhibits a smaller apical horn and a narrow and elongate frontal horn, which actually takes the shape of a tapering ridge, rather than a true laminar horn, as is the case in the male L. pentachordia. Other major differences between the two species are manifested in the much more extensive light-yellow ornamentation that characterises the dorsal habitus of L. garnieri in comparison to L. prentachordia and the less protruding and angulate, rather than round, mesometasternal process exhibited by the new species. The female of L. garnieri remains unfortunately unknown. It is likely that the new species represents an isolated population that has remained separated from its relatives through events related to the formation of the East African Great Rift System and for a period long enough to result in speciation. The distribution of the species could potentially include partially connected ranges in western Kenya and South Sudan. In the process of investigating the relationship between this new species and its closest relative, it has also emerged that little information is currently available on the distribution range and biology/ecology of L. pentachordia. A comprehensive data record on its distribution range and period of activity is, therefore, provided here, along with basic information on its habitat preferences, adult diet and response to trapping methods.

A new species of Lophorrhina Westwood, 1842, L. garnieri sp. nov., was recently discovered in the Labwor Hills range of north-eastern Uganda and is here described. It differs substantially from its closest relative, L. pentachordia (Klug, 1835), particularly at the level of male clypeus but also in the aedeagal parameres, which show an expanded apical surface with lateral projections. In the male of the new species, the clypeus exhibits a smaller apical horn and a narrow and elongate frontal horn, which actually takes the shape of a tapering ridge, rather than a true laminar horn, as is the case in the male of L. pentachordia. Other major differences between the two species are manifested in the much more extensive light-yellow ornamentation that characterises the dorsal habitus of L. garnieri in comparison to L. pentachordia and the less protruding and angulate, rather than round, mesometasternal process exhibited by the new species. The female of L. garnieri remains unfortunately unknown. It is likely that the new species represents an isolated population that has remained separated from its relatives through events related to the formation of the East African Great Rift System and for a period long enough to result in speciation. The distribution of the species could potentially include partially connected ranges in western Kenya and South Sudan. In the process of investigating the relationship between this new species and its closest relative, it has also emerged that little information is currently available on the distribution range and biology/ecology of L. pentachordia. A comprehensive data record on its distribution range and period of activity is, therefore, provided here, along with basic information on its habitat preferences, adult diet and response to trapping methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subtribe Ichnestomina, endemic to southern Africa, exhibits a suite of plesiomorphic features that reflects a particularly old evolutionary age among the Goliathini. Sexual dimorphism is extreme and females are generally brachypterous and unable to fly. Also, adult stages do not feed, and therefore remain active for only a few days after emerging from the soil, devoting all their energy reserves to reproduction. Consequently, populations are range-bound to small areas, often completely isolated on high mountain peaks or ridges, leading to rapid speciation. Results of recent investigations and historical data are hereby combined to provide an updated and revised structure of the systematics of this subtribe. As a result, four genera are now recognised in place of the perceived uniformity earlier expressed with much reservation by Holm (1992). This involves the rehabilitation of the original name of Gariep Gory & Percheron, 1833, to accommodate species with fully winged and flying females as well as elongate and incision-free dorsal lobes of parameres (Gariep patera and G. perstriata. It is further proposed that the genus Ichnestoma Gory & Percheron, 1833 be restricted to species with moderate female brachyptery and males with cretaceous markings on their body surface. Consequently, two new genera are erected (Karooida gen. nov., Mzansica gen. nov.) and four species-complexes (Ichnestoma cuspidata, I. albomaculata, Mzansica nasula and M. luridipennis), are added in order to account for key differences among species, including degree of female brachyptery (wing:elytron length ratio), presence/absence of cretaceous markings, aedeagal structure and biogeographic distribution. Eleven new species (Ichnestoma carbonaria sp. nov., I. dealbata sp. nov., I. furcata sp. nov., I. karoominoris sp. nov., I. spatulata sp. nov., Karooida balli sp. nov., K. sagittata sp. nov., Mzansica botswanica sp. nov., M. clarki sp. nov., M. denticulata sp. nov., M. falcipata sp. nov.) are added to the 13 species and three subspecies currently recognised in this subtribe. The three subspecies are elevated to species status (Ichnestoma cochleata stat. nov., I. fuscipennis stat. nov., Karooida kikvorsti comb. et stat. nov.). The diagnostic characters of each taxon are described along with all available knowledge on the habitat characteristics and general biology of each species.

The subtribe Ichnestomina, endemic to southern Africa, exhibits a suite of plesiomorphic features that reflects a particularly old evolutionary age among the Goliathini. Sexual dimorphism is extreme and females are generally brachypterous and unable to fly. Also, adult stages do not feed, and therefore remain active for only a few days after emerging from the soil, devoting all their energy reserves to reproduction. Consequently, populations are range-bound to small areas, often completely isolated on high mountain peaks or ridges, leading to rapid speciation. Results of recent investigations and historical data are hereby combined to provide an updated and revised structure of the systematics of this subtribe. As a result, four genera are now recognised in place of the perceived uniformity earlier expressed with much reservation by Holm (1992). This involves the rehabilitation of the original name of Gariep Gory & Percheron, 1833, to accommodate species with fully winged and flying females as well as elongate and incision-free dorsal lobes of parameres (Gariep patera and G. perstriata). It is further proposed that the genus Ichnestoma Gory & Percheron, 1833 be restricted to species with moderate female brachyptery and males with cretaceous markings on their body surface. Consequently, two new genera are erected (Karooida gen. nov., Mzansica gen. nov.) and four species-complexes (Ichnestoma cuspidata, I. albomaculata, Mzansica nasula and M. luridipennis), are added in order to account for key differences among species, including degree of female brachyptery (wing:elytron length ratio), presence/absence of cretaceous markings, aedeagal structure and biogeographic distribution. Eleven new species (Ichnestoma carbonaria sp. nov., I. dealbata sp. nov., I. furcata sp. nov., I. karoominoris sp. nov., I. spatulata sp. nov., Karooida balli sp. nov., K. sagittata sp. nov., Mzansica botswanica sp. nov., M. clarki sp. nov., M. denticulata sp. nov., M. falcipata sp. nov.) are added to the 13 species and three subspecies currently recognised in this subtribe. The three subspecies are elevated to species status (Ichnestoma cochleata stat. nov., I. fuscipennis stat. nov., Karooida kikvorsti comb. et stat. nov.). The diagnostic characters of each taxon are described along with all available knowledge on the habitat characteristics and general biology of each species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All species of cetoniine beetles occurring in the Indonesian Lesser Sunda Islands are studied and figured. In the tribe Cetoniini Glycosia detanii sp. nov. from Sumba Island, Glycosia tricolor lombokiana ssp. nov. and Glycyphana (Glycyphaniola) havai sp. nov. from Lombok Island, Protaetia (Pseudourbania) sibling sp. nov. from Flores Island and Protaetia (Pseudourbania) horaki sp. nov. from Savu Island are described and compared with closest congeners. In the tribe Gymnetini Clinteria alorica sp. nov. from Alor Island and Clinteria flora solorica ssp. nov. from Solor Island are described and compared with their relatives. In the tribe Schizorhinini Agestrata punctatostriata floresica ssp. nov. from Flores Island is described and compared with populations of Agestrata Eschscholtz, 1829 in neighbouring islands. Glycyphana (Glycyphaniola) sumbana Jákl, 2009 is transferred to the subgenus Heteroglycyphana Mikšič, 1968 and its female is described and illustrated for the first time. Glycyphana (Glycyphaniola) pseudofasciata Valck Lucassen, 1936 and Protaetia (Pseudourbania) floresiensis Mikšič, 1962 are recognised as valid species, not as a subspecies of Glycyphana (Glycyphaniola) varicorensis Burmeister, 1842 and Protaetia (Pseudourbania) lorkovici Mikšič, 1962. Clinteria fruhstorferi Schoch, 1896 is raised from synonymy with Clinteria sexpustulata Gory & Percheron, 1833 and together with Clinteria jansoni Schoch, 1898 considered as a subspecies of Clinteria flora Wallace, 1867. Glycosia bhaskarai Krajčík & Jákl, 2005 is newly synonymised with Glycosia plicata Lansberge, 1880 and Clinteria spilota marginata Schurhoff, 1942 is synonymised with Clinteria jansoni Schoch, 1898. Females of Protaetia (Bhaskaria) lombokiana Mikšič, 1975, Protaetia (Netociomima) maculipennis Moser, 1914 and Protaetia (Protaetiola) candezei Lansberge, 1880 are described and illustrated for the first time. New distributional records for some species are given and type localities of several species are corrected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mitotic karyotypes of 17 species of African Goliathini (Cetoniinae) are described using various chromosome banding techniques. All but one are composed of 20 chromosomes, mostly metacentric, forming a karyotype assumed to be close to that of the Polyphaga ancestor. The most derived karyotypes are those of Goliathus goliatus Drury, 1770, with eight pairs of acrocentrics and Chlorocana africana Drury, 1773, with only14 chromosomes. In species of the genera Cyprolais Burmeister, 1842, Megalorhina Westwood, 1847, Stephanocrates Kolbe, 1894 and Stephanorrhina Burmeister, 1842, large additions of variable heterochromatin are observed on both some particular autosomes and the X chromosome. Species of the genera Eudicella White, 1839 and Dicronorrhina Burmeister, 1842 share the same sub-metacentric X. Although each species possesses its own karyotype, it remains impossible to propose robust phylogenetic relationships on the basis of chromosome data only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of the goliathine genus Bietia Fairmaire, 1898, B. naxiorum sp. nov., is described from the mountains in northwestern Yunnan (China). It is compared with two other species of the genus known so far, B. rudicollis Fairmaire, 1898 and B. simillima Fairmaire, 1898. The folloving new synonymy is proposed: Bietia rudicollis Fairmaire, 1898 = Atropinota funkei Heller, 1923, syn. nov. A lectotype is designated for A. funkei. Dorsal habitus and diagnostic characters on the male external genitalia of all three species of Bietia are illustrated. A diagnosis of the genus and a key to species are provided. The systematic position of Bietia among the known genera of the Oriental and Palaearctic Goliathini is shortly discussed. A brief description of the habitat of B. naxiorum sp. nov. as well as notes on its ground-dwelling habits are given; a ground-dwelling behaviour of adults is recorded for the first time in the Asian Goliathini. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]