503 results on '"Goldberg SR"'
Search Results
2. The endocannabinoid system in brain reward processes
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Solinas, M, Goldberg, SR, and Piomelli, D
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Cannabinoid Research ,Drug Abuse (NIDA only) ,Substance Misuse ,Basic Behavioral and Social Science ,Neurosciences ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Brain Disorders ,Mental health ,Animals ,Arachidonic Acids ,Biological Transport ,Brain ,Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators ,Endocannabinoids ,Glycerides ,Humans ,Neural Pathways ,Polyunsaturated Alkamides ,Receptors ,Cannabinoid ,Reward ,Signal Transduction ,addiction ,anandamide ,2-arachidonoylglycerol ,dopamine ,FAAH ,cannabinoid receptors ,endocannabinoid transport ,food ,drugs ,Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences ,Pharmacology & Pharmacy - Abstract
Food, drugs and brain stimulation can serve as strong rewarding stimuli and are all believed to activate common brain circuits that evolved in mammals to favour fitness and survival. For decades, endogenous dopaminergic and opioid systems have been considered the most important systems in mediating brain reward processes. Recent evidence suggests that the endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system also has an important role in signalling of rewarding events. First, CB(1) receptors are found in brain areas involved in reward processes, such as the dopaminergic mesolimbic system. Second, activation of CB(1) receptors by plant-derived, synthetic or endogenous CB(1) receptor agonists stimulates dopaminergic neurotransmission, produces rewarding effects and increases rewarding effects of abused drugs and food. Third, pharmacological or genetic blockade of CB(1) receptors prevents activation of dopaminergic neurotransmission by several addictive drugs and reduces rewarding effects of food and these drugs. Fourth, brain levels of the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol are altered by activation of reward processes. However, the intrinsic activity of the endocannabinoid system does not appear to play a facilitatory role in brain stimulation reward and some evidence suggests it may even oppose it. The influence of the endocannabinoid system on brain reward processes may depend on the degree of activation of the different brain areas involved and might represent a mechanism for fine-tuning dopaminergic activity. Although involvement of the various components of the endocannabinoid system may differ depending on the type of rewarding event investigated, this system appears to play a major role in modulating reward processes.
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- 2008
3. Correction for Gobbi et al., Antidepressant-like activity and modulation of brain monoaminergic transmission by blockade of anandamide hydrolysis
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Gobbi, G, Bambico, FR, Mangieri, R, Bortolato, M, Campolongo, P, Solinas, M, Cassano, T, Morgese, MG, Debonnel, G, Duranti, A, Tontini, A, Tarzia, G, Mor, M, Trezza, V, Goldberg, SR, Cuomo, V, and Piomelli, D
- Published
- 2006
4. Erratum: Antidepressant-like activity and modulation of brain monoaminergic transmission by blockade of anandamide hydrolysis (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (December 20, 2005) 102, 51 (18620-18625) DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0509591102)
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Gobbi, G, Bambico, FR, Mangieri, R, Bortolato, M, Campolongo, P, Solinas, M, Cassano, T, Morgese, MG, Debonnel, G, Duranti, A, Tontini, A, Tarzia, G, Mor, M, Trezza, V, Goldberg, SR, Cuomo, V, and Piomelli, D
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- 2006
5. Antidepressant-like activity and modulation of brain monoaminergic transmission by blockade of anandamide hydrolysis
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Gobbi, G, Bambico, FR, Mangieri, R, Bortolato, M, Campolongo, P, Solinas, M, Cassano, T, Morgese, MG, Debonnel, G, Duranti, A, Tontini, A, Tarzia, G, Mor, M, Trezza, V, Goldberg, SR, Cuomo, V, and Piomelli, D
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Depression ,Neurosciences ,Cannabinoid Research ,Substance Misuse ,Drug Abuse (NIDA only) ,Mental Health ,5.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Mental health ,Animals ,Antidepressive Agents ,Arachidonic Acids ,Behavior ,Animal ,Benzamides ,Brain ,Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists ,Carbamates ,Dronabinol ,Endocannabinoids ,Hydrolysis ,Male ,Mice ,Mice ,Inbred C57BL ,Neurons ,Norepinephrine ,Polyunsaturated Alkamides ,Rats ,Receptors ,Cannabinoid ,Serotonin ,depression ,endocannabinoid ,fatty-acid amide hydrolase ,serotonin ,URB597 - Abstract
Although anecdotal reports suggest that cannabis may be used to alleviate symptoms of depression, the psychotropic effects and abuse liability of this drug prevent its therapeutic application. The active constituent of cannabis, delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, acts by binding to brain CB1 cannabinoid receptors, but an alternative approach might be to develop agents that amplify the actions of endogenous cannabinoids by blocking their deactivation. Here, we show that URB597, a selective inhibitor of the enzyme fatty-acid amide hydrolase, which catalyzes the intracellular hydrolysis of the endocannabinoid anandamide, exerts potent antidepressant-like effects in the mouse tail-suspension test and the rat forced-swim test. Moreover, URB597 increases firing activity of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus and noradrenergic neurons in the nucleus locus ceruleus. These actions are prevented by the CB1 antagonist rimonabant, are accompanied by increased brain anandamide levels, and are maintained upon repeated URB597 administration. Unlike direct CB1 agonists, URB597 does not exert rewarding effects in the conditioned place preference test or produce generalization to the discriminative effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in rats. The findings support a role for anandamide in mood regulation and point to fatty-acid amide hydrolase as a previously uncharacterized target for antidepressant drugs.
- Published
- 2005
6. Erratum: Antimicrobials: A global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA). [World J Emerg Surg. 11, (2016) (33)] DOI: 10.1186/s13017-016-0089-y
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Sartelli, M, Weber, DG, Ruppé, E, Bassetti, M, Wright, BJ, Ansaloni, L, Catena, F, Coccolini, F, Abu-Zidan, FM, Coimbra, R, Moore, EE, Moore, FA, Maier, RV, De Waele, JJ, Kirkpatrick, AW, Griffiths, EA, Eckmann, C, Brink, AJ, Mazuski, JE, May, AK, Sawyer, RG, Mertz, D, Montravers, P, Kumar, A, Roberts, JA, Vincent, JL, Watkins, RR, Lowman, W, Spellberg, B, Abbott, IJ, Adesunkanmi, AK, Al-Dahir, S, Al-Hasan, MN, Agresta, F, Althani, AA, Ansari, S, Ansumana, R, Augustin, G, Bala, M, Balogh, ZJ, Baraket, O, Bhangu, A, Beltrán, MA, Bernhard, M, Biffl, WL, Boermeester, MA, Brecher, SM, Cherry-Bukowiec, JR, Buyne, OR, Cainzos, MA, Cairns, KA, Camacho-Ortiz, A, Chandy, SJ, Che Jusoh, A, Chichom-Mefire, A, Colijn, C, Corcione, F, Cui, Y, Curcio, D, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, De Simone, B, Dhingra, S, Diaz, JJ, Di Carlo, I, Dillip, A, Di Saverio, S, Doyle, MP, Dorj, G, Dogjani, A, Dupont, H, Eachempati, SR, Enani, MA, Egiev, VN, Elmangory, MM, Ferrada, P, Fitchett, JR, Fraga, GP, Guessennd, N, Giamarellou, H, Ghnnam, W, Gkiokas, G, Goldberg, SR, Gomes, CA, Gomi, H, Guzmán-Blanco, M, Haque, M, Hansen, S, Hecker, A, Heizmann, WR, Herzog, T, Hodonou, AM, Hong, SK, Kafka-Ritsch, R, Kaplan, LJ, Kapoor, G, Karamarkovic, A, Kees, MG, Kenig, J, and Kiguba, R
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Surgery - Abstract
© The Author(s). The original article [1] contains an error whereby a co-author, Boris Sakakushev has their family name spelt incorrectly as 'Sakakhushev'. The authors would therefore like it known that the correct spelling of the family name is 'Sakakushev'.
- Published
- 2017
7. Antimicrobials: A global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA)
- Author
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Sartelli, M, Weber, DG, Ruppé, E, Bassetti, M, Wright, BJ, Ansaloni, L, Catena, F, Coccolini, F, Abu-Zidan, FM, Coimbra, R, Moore, EE, Moore, FA, Maier, RV, De Waele, JJ, Kirkpatrick, AW, Griffiths, EA, Eckmann, C, Brink, AJ, Mazuski, JE, May, AK, Sawyer, RG, Mertz, D, Montravers, P, Kumar, A, Roberts, JA, Vincent, JL, Watkins, RR, Lowman, W, Spellberg, B, Abbott, IJ, Adesunkanmi, AK, Al-Dahir, S, Al-Hasan, MN, Agresta, F, Althani, AA, Ansari, S, Ansumana, R, Augustin, G, Bala, M, Balogh, ZJ, Baraket, O, Bhangu, A, Beltrán, MA, Bernhard, M, Biffl, WL, Boermeester, MA, Brecher, SM, Cherry-Bukowiec, JR, Buyne, OR, Cainzos, MA, Cairns, KA, Camacho-Ortiz, A, Chandy, SJ, Che Jusoh, A, Chichom-Mefire, A, Colijn, C, Corcione, F, Cui, Y, Curcio, D, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, De Simone, B, Dhingra, S, Diaz, JJ, Di Carlo, I, Dillip, A, Di Saverio, S, Doyle, MP, Dorj, G, Dogjani, A, Dupont, H, Eachempati, SR, Enani, MA, Egiev, VN, Elmangory, MM, Ferrada, P, Fitchett, JR, Fraga, GP, Guessennd, N, Giamarellou, H, Ghnnam, W, Gkiokas, G, Goldberg, SR, Gomes, CA, Gomi, H, Guzmán-Blanco, M, Haque, M, Hansen, S, Hecker, A, Heizmann, WR, Herzog, T, Hodonou, AM, Hong, SK, Kafka-Ritsch, R, Kaplan, LJ, Kapoor, G, Karamarkovic, A, Kees, MG, Kenig, J, and Kiguba, R
- Subjects
Anti-Infective Agents ,International Cooperation ,Humans ,Intraabdominal Infections ,Surgery ,Drug Resistance, Microbial ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Prognosis - Abstract
© 2016 The Author(s). Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are an important cause of morbidity and are frequently associated with poor prognosis, particularly in high-risk patients. The cornerstones in the management of complicated IAIs are timely effective source control with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Empiric antimicrobial therapy is important in the management of intra-abdominal infections and must be broad enough to cover all likely organisms because inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor patient outcomes and the development of bacterial resistance. The overuse of antimicrobials is widely accepted as a major driver of some emerging infections (such as C. difficile), the selection of resistant pathogens in individual patients, and for the continued development of antimicrobial resistance globally. The growing emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms and the limited development of new agents available to counteract them have caused an impending crisis with alarming implications, especially with regards to Gram-negative bacteria. An international task force from 79 different countries has joined this project by sharing a document on the rational use of antimicrobials for patients with IAIs. The project has been termed AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global Alliance for Optimizing their Rational Use in Intra-Abdominal Infections). The authors hope that AGORA, involving many of the world's leading experts, can actively raise awareness in health workers and can improve prescribing behavior in treating IAIs.
- Published
- 2016
8. Modelling Citation Networks
- Author
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Goldberg, SR, Anthony, H, and Evans, TS
- Abstract
13.10.14 KB. Ok to add working paper to spiral
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- 2014
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9. Cannabinoid abuse and addiction: Clinical and preclinical findings
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Panlilio, LV, primary, Goldberg, SR, additional, and Justinova, Z, additional
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- 2015
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10. Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibition Heightens Anandamide Signaling Without Producing Reinforcing Effects in Primates
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Justinova, Z, Mangieri, RA, Bortolato, M, Chefer, SI, Mukhin, AG, Clapper, JR, King, AR, Redhi, GH, Yasar, S, Piomelli, D, and Goldberg, SR
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lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,psychological phenomena and processes - Abstract
Background: CB1cannabinoid receptors in the brain are known to participate in the regulation of reward-based behaviors. However, the contribution of each of the endocannabinoid transmitters, anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), to these behaviors remains undefined. To address this question, we assessed the effects of URB597, a selective anandamide deactivation inhibitor, as a reinforcer of drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior in squirrel monkeys. Methods: We investigated the reinforcing effects of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597 in monkeys trained to intravenously self-administer Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), anandamide, or cocaine and quantified brain endocannabinoid levels using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. We measured brain FAAH activity using an ex vivo enzyme assay. Results: URB597 (.3 mg/kg, intravenous) blocked FAAH activity and increased anandamide levels throughout the monkey brain. This effect was accompanied by a marked compensatory decrease in 2-AG levels. Monkeys did not self-administer URB597, and the drug did not promote reinstatement of extinguished drug-seeking behavior previously maintained by THC, anandamide, or cocaine. Pretreatment with URB597 did not modify self-administration of THC or cocaine, even though, as expected, it significantly potentiated anandamide self-administration. Conclusions: In the monkey brain, the FAAH inhibitor URB597 increases anandamide levels while causing a compensatory down-regulation in 2-AG levels. These effects are accompanied by a striking lack of reinforcing properties, which distinguishes URB597 from direct-acting cannabinoid agonists such as THC. Our results reveal an unexpected functional heterogeneity within the endocannabinoid signaling system and suggest that FAAH inhibitors might be used therapeutically without risk of abuse or triggering of relapse to drug abuse. © 2008 Society of Biological Psychiatry.
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- 2008
11. Identification of dopamine D1-D3 receptor heteromers. Indications for a role of synergistic D1-D3 receptor interactions in the striatum
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Marcellino, D, Ferré, S, Casadó, V, Cortés, A, LE FOLL, B, Mazzola, C, Drago, Filippo, Saur, O, Stark, H, Soriano, A, Barnes, C, Goldberg, Sr, Lluis, C, Fuxe, K, and Franco, R.
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- 2008
12. The endogenous cannabinoid anandamide produces δ-9- tetrahydrocannabinol-like discriminative and neurochemical effects that are enhanced by inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase but not by inhibition of anandamide transport
- Author
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Solinas, M, Tanda, G, Justinova, Z, Wertheim, CE, Yasar, S, Piomelli, D, Vadivel, SK, Makriyannis, A, and Goldberg, SR
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organic chemicals - Abstract
Anandamide is an endogenous ligand for brain cannabinoid CB1receptors, but its behavioral effects are difficult to measure due to rapid inactivation. Here we used a drug-discrimination procedure to test the hypothesis that anandamide, given i.v. or i.p., would produce discriminative effects like those of δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in rats when its metabolic inactivation was inhibited. We also used an in vivo microdialysis procedure to investigate the effects of anandamide, given i.v. or i.p., on dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens shell in rats. When injected i.v., methanandamide (AM-356), a metabolically stable anandamide analog, produced clear dose-related THC-like discriminative effects, but anandamide produced THC-like discriminative effects only at a high 10-mg/kg dose that almost eliminated lever-press responding. Cyclohexyl carbamic acid 3′-carbamoyl- biphenyl-3-yl ester (URB-597), an inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the main enzyme responsible for metabolic inactivation of anandamide, produced no THC-like discriminative effects alone but dramatically potentiated discriminative effects of anandamide, with 3 mg/kg anandamide completely substituting for the THC training dose. URB-597 also potentiated the ability of anandamide to increase dopamine levels in the accumbens shell. The THC-like discriminative-stimulus effects of anandamide after URB-597 and methanandamide were blocked by the CB1receptor antagonist rimonabant, but not the vanilloid VR1receptor antagonist capsazepine. Surprisingly, the anandamide transport inhibitors N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-eicosa-5,8,11,14- tetraenamide (AM-404) and N-(3-furylmethyl)eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenamide (UCM-707) did not potentiate THC-like discriminative effects of anandamide or its dopamine-elevating effects. Thus, anandamide has THC-like discriminative and neurochemical effects that are enhanced after treatment with a FAAH inhibitor but not after treatment with transport inhibitors, suggesting brain area specificity for FAAH versus transport/FAAH inactivation of anandamide.
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- 2007
13. Beta-endorphin elevations in the ventral tegmental area regulate discriminative the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
- Author
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Solinas, M., Zangen, A., Thiriet, N., Goldberg, Sr, Institut de physiologie et biologie cellulaires (IPBC), and Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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PASCAL ,neuromediateurs ,tissu ,neurosciences ,organisme ,pharmacologie ,organe ,[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology ,dependance ,reseaux neuronaux - Published
- 2004
14. Pharmacological modulation of the endocannabinoid signalling alters binge-type eating behaviour in female rats
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Scherma, M, primary, Fattore, L, additional, Satta, V, additional, Businco, F, additional, Pigliacampo, B, additional, Goldberg, SR, additional, Dessi, C, additional, Fratta, W, additional, and Fadda, P, additional
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- 2013
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15. Wound healing primer.
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Goldberg SR and Diegelmann RF
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- 2010
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16. Effects of fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibition on neuronal responses to nicotine, cocaine and morphine in the nucleus accumbens shell and ventral tegmental area: involvement of PPAR-alpha nuclear receptors.
- Author
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Luchicchi A, Lecca S, Carta S, Pillolla G, Muntoni AL, Yasar S, Goldberg SR, Pistis M, Luchicchi, Antonio, Lecca, Salvatore, Carta, Stefano, Pillolla, Giuliano, Muntoni, Anna L, Yasar, Sevil, Goldberg, Steven R, and Pistis, Marco
- Abstract
The endocannabinoid system regulates neurotransmission in brain regions relevant to neurobiological and behavioral actions of addicting drugs. We recently demonstrated that inhibition by URB597 of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the main enzyme that degrades the endogenous cannabinoid N-acylethanolamine (NAE) anandamide and the endogenous non-cannabinoid NAEs oleoylethanolamide and palmitoylethanolamide, blocks nicotine-induced excitation of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons and DA release in the shell of the nucleus accumbens (ShNAc), as well as nicotine-induced drug self-administration, conditioned place preference and relapse in rats. Here, we studied whether effects of FAAH inhibition on nicotine-induced changes in activity of VTA DA neurons were specific for nicotine or extended to two drugs of abuse acting through different mechanisms, cocaine and morphine. We also evaluated whether FAAH inhibition affects nicotine-, cocaine- or morphine-induced actions in the ShNAc. Experiments involved single-unit electrophysiological recordings from DA neurons in the VTA and medium spiny neurons in the ShNAc in anesthetized rats. We found that URB597 blocked effects of nicotine and cocaine in the ShNAc through activation of both surface cannabinoid CB1-receptors and alpha-type peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear receptor. URB597 did not alter the effects of either cocaine or morphine on VTA DA neurons. These results show that the blockade of nicotine-induced excitation of VTA DA neurons, which we previously described, is selective for nicotine and indicate novel mechanisms recruited to regulate the effects of addicting drugs within the ShNAc of the brain reward system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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17. Blocking cannabinoid CB1 receptors for the treatment of nicotine dependence: insights from pre-clinical and clinical studies.
- Author
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Le Foll B, Forget B, Aubin HJ, Goldberg SR, Le Foll, Bernard, Forget, Benoit, Aubin, Henri-Jean, and Goldberg, Steven R
- Abstract
Tobacco use is one of the leading preventable causes of death in developed countries. Since existing medications are only partially effective in treating tobacco smokers, there is a great need for improved medications for smoking cessation. It has been recently proposed that cannabinoid CB(1) receptor antagonists represent a new class of therapeutic agents for drug dependence, and notably, nicotine dependence. Here, we will review current evidence supporting the use of this class of drugs for smoking cessation treatment. Pre-clinical studies indicate that nicotine exposure produces changes in endocannabinoid content in the brain. In experimental animals, N-piperidinyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methylpyrazole-3-carboxamide (rimonabant, SR141716) and N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (AM251), two cannabinoid CB(1) receptor antagonists, block nicotine self-administration behavior, an effect that may be related to the blockade of the dopamine-releasing effects of nicotine in the brain. Rimonabant also seems efficacious in decreasing the influence of nicotine-associated stimuli over behavior, suggesting that it may act on two distinct neuronal pathways, those implicated in drug-taking behavior and those involved in relapse phenomena. The utility of rimonabant has been evaluated in several clinical trials. It seems that rimonabant is an efficacious treatment for smoking cessation, although its efficacy does not exceed that of nicotine-replacement therapy and its use may be limited by emotional side effects (nausea, anxiety and depression, mostly). Rimonabant also appears to decrease relapse rates in smokers. These findings indicate significant, but limited, utility of rimonabant for smoking cessation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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18. Raillietnema brachyspiculatum sp. n. (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae) from Lepidophyma tuxtlae (Sauria: Xantusiidae) from México
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Bursey, Cr, Goldberg, Sr, Guillermo SALGADO-MALDONADO, and Mendez-De La Cruz, F.
19. Helminths of two sympatric toad species, Bufo marinus (Linnaeus) and Bufo marmoreus Wiegmann, 1833 (Anura: Bufonidae) from Chamela, Jalisco, Mexico
- Author
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Galicia-Guerrero, S., Bursey, Cr, Goldberg, Sr, and Guillermo SALGADO-MALDONADO
20. Antidepressant-like activity and modulation of brain monoaminergic transmission by blockade of anandamide hydrolysis
- Author
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Gabriella Gobbi, Marco Bortolato, Marco Mor, Steven R. Goldberg, Vincenzo Cuomo, Marcello Solinas, Guy Debonnel, Patrizia Campolongo, Andrea Duranti, Regina A. Mangieri, Viviana Trezza, Francis Rodriguez Bambico, Maria Grazia Morgese, Andrea Tontini, Tommaso Cassano, Giorgio Tarzia, Daniele Piomelli, Institut de physiologie et biologie cellulaires (IPBC), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gobbi, G, Bambico, Fr, Mangieri, R, Bortolato, M, Campolongo, P, Solinas, M, Cassano, T, Morgese, Mg, Debonnel, G, Duranti, A, Tontini, A, Tarzia, G, Mor, M, Trezza, Viviana, Goldberg, Sr, Cuomo, V, and Piomelli, D.
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Male ,Cannabinoid receptor ,comportement ,Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Norepinephrine ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rimonabant ,Fatty acid amide hydrolase ,Dronabinol ,Receptors, Cannabinoid ,PASCAL ,Neurons ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,Behavior, Animal ,Chemistry ,Hydrolysis ,Brain ,Anandamide ,Biological Sciences ,Endocannabinoid system ,Antidepressive Agents ,3. Good health ,Benzamides ,dépendance ,medicine.drug ,Serotonin ,Polyunsaturated Alkamides ,pharmacologie ,[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology ,Arachidonic Acids ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dorsal raphe nucleus ,medicine ,Animals ,système nerveux ,030304 developmental biology ,Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists ,neurosciences ,URB597 ,Conditioned place preference ,Rats ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,nervous system ,cellule ,Carbamates ,depression ,endocannabinoid ,fatty-acid amide hydrolase ,serotonin ,urb597 ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Endocannabinoids - Abstract
Although anecdotal reports suggest that cannabis may be used to alleviate symptoms of depression, the psychotropic effects and abuse liability of this drug prevent its therapeutic application. The active constituent of cannabis, Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol, acts by binding to brain CB 1 cannabinoid receptors, but an alternative approach might be to develop agents that amplify the actions of endogenous cannabinoids by blocking their deactivation. Here, we show that URB597, a selective inhibitor of the enzyme fatty-acid amide hydrolase, which catalyzes the intracellular hydrolysis of the endocannabinoid anandamide, exerts potent antidepressant-like effects in the mouse tail-suspension test and the rat forced-swim test. Moreover, URB597 increases firing activity of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus and noradrenergic neurons in the nucleus locus ceruleus. These actions are prevented by the CB 1 antagonist rimonabant, are accompanied by increased brain anandamide levels, and are maintained upon repeated URB597 administration. Unlike direct CB 1 agonists, URB597 does not exert rewarding effects in the conditioned place preference test or produce generalization to the discriminative effects of Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol in rats. The findings support a role for anandamide in mood regulation and point to fatty-acid amide hydrolase as a previously uncharacterized target for antidepressant drugs.
- Published
- 2005
21. Commentary on "Staged Regional Deroofing for the Treatment of Extensive Hidradenitis Suppurativa".
- Author
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Goldberg SR
- Subjects
- Humans, Hidradenitis Suppurativa surgery, Hidradenitis Suppurativa therapy
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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22. Standardized Protocols for Clinical and Histopathological Characterization of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Tissue Specimens.
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Sampath AJ, Westerkam LL, Blum FR, Alhusayen R, Bechara FG, Caffrey J, Carmona-Rivera C, Chandran NS, George R, Goldberg SR, Gudjonsson JE, Hansen SL, Ingram JR, Kirby B, Marzano AV, Matusiak Ł, Orgill DP, Prens E, van der Zee HH, van Straalen KR, Zouboulis CC, Byrd AS, Frew JW, Lowes MA, Naik HB, Sokumbi O, Mi QS, Miedema JR, Googe PB, and Sayed CJ
- Abstract
Methods for describing and reporting the clinical and histologic characteristics of cutaneous tissue samples from patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are not currently standardized, limiting clinicians' and scientists' ability to uniformly record, report, and communicate about the characteristics of tissue used in translational experiments. A recently published consensus statement outlined morphological definitions of typical HS lesions, but no consensus has been reached regarding clinical characterization and examination of HS tissue samples. In this study, we aimed to establish a protocol for reporting histopathologic and clinical characteristics of HS tissue specimens. This study was conducted from May 2023 to August 2023. Experts in clinical care, dermatopathology, and translational research were recruited, and a modified Delphi technique was used to develop a protocol for histologic reporting and clinical characterization of submitted tissue specimens from patients with HS. A total of 27 experts participated (14 dermatologists, 3 fellowship-trained dermatopathologists, 3 plastic surgeons, 3 general surgeons, and 4 research scientists) in creating and reviewing protocols for the clinical and histopathological examination of HS tissue specimens. The protocols were formatted as a synoptic report and will help to consistently classify specimens in biobanks on the basis of histologic features and more accurately report and select samples used in translational research projects., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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23. SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Related Hospitalization among Cancer Survivors.
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White LL, Burnett-Hartman AN, Ichikawa LE, Goldberg SR, Chubak J, Spencer Feigelson H, and Kamineni A
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- Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Hospitalization, Disease Progression, Cancer Survivors, COVID-19 epidemiology, Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Little is known about SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity among a growing population of cancer survivors. We describe the association of infection and related hospitalization by recency of cancer diagnosis in a large U.S. cohort., Methods: Participants were sent electronic surveys between April 2020 and January 2021 to collect information on SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential COVID-19-related risk factors. SARS-CoV-2 infections were identified using survey report of a COVID-19-positive test and electronic health record data. Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was estimated up to 365 days from baseline survey and stratified by recency of cancer diagnosis. Among those with SARS-CoV-2 infection, we used logistic regression to estimate the association between recency of cancer diagnosis and hospitalization within 30 days of infection., Results: Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection at 365 days was 3.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.2%-3.5%] among those without cancer history and ranged from 2.8% (95% CI, 2.3%-3.5%) to 3.7% (95% CI, 2.9%-4.7%) among those with a history of cancer depending on recency. There was no statistically significant difference in odds of hospitalization within 30 days following SARS-CoV-2 infection by cancer diagnosis recency., Conclusions: Our null findings are consistent with other studies on COVID-19 infection risk in cancer survivors, where COVID-19 severity and sequelae were independent of cancer history and were likely associated with factors such as intensive care unit admission, noncancer comorbid conditions, and long-term care residency., Impact: This study can inform COVID-19 risk-counseling of cancer survivors and their caregivers as we continue to contend with COVID-19., (©2023 American Association for Cancer Research.)
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- 2024
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24. Depression, anxiety, & loneliness among cancer survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Author
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White LL, Goldberg SR, Spencer Feigelson H, and Burnett-Hartman AN
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Loneliness psychology, Depression epidemiology, Depression psychology, Quality of Life, Pandemics, Anxiety epidemiology, Anxiety psychology, COVID-19, Cancer Survivors psychology, Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Purpose: To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression, anxiety, and loneliness between those with and without a history of cancer., Design: This prospective observational study used a quantitative approach., Participants: Adult members of the Kaiser Permanente Research Bank ( N = 104,640)., Methods: Participants completed a series of surveys from May to December 2020. The difference in score of depression, anxiety, and loneliness were estimated using linear mixed regression., Findings: Among cancer survivors, 21% and 19% met the thresholds for increased risk of depression and anxiety. Among cancer survivors, younger age groups and females reported increased depression, anxiety, and loneliness scores., Conclusions: This study highlights the continued necessity of addressing mental health needs and social support in cancer survivors during and after a public health emergency., Implications for Psychosocial Providers: Cancer survivors may need particular resources after cancer treatment to strengthen resilience and improve quality of life.
- Published
- 2024
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25. Keratinocytes and immune cells in the epidermis are key drivers of inflammation in hidradenitis suppurativa providing a rationale for novel topical therapies.
- Author
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Schell SL, Cong Z, Sennett ML, Gettle SL, Longenecker AL, Goldberg SR, Kirby JS, Helm MF, and Nelson AM
- Subjects
- Humans, Keratinocytes metabolism, Epidermis metabolism, Inflammation, Cytokines metabolism, Hidradenitis Suppurativa drug therapy
- Abstract
Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating inflammatory skin disease characterized by painful nodules, drainage and scarring in skin folds. Injectable adalimumab is the only drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of HS. Although systemic Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors show promise, serious side-effects have been reported. There are no highly effective topical treatments for HS; furthermore, the contribution of epidermal keratinocytes to the intense inflammation has largely been unexplored., Objectives: We investigated the role of keratinocytes and epidermal immune cells in HS inflammation at all Hurley stages of disease severity. We aimed to determine whether ruxolitinib can mitigate inflammation from keratinocytes and to develop a better understanding of how topical therapeutics might benefit patients with HS., Methods: We used skin samples from 87 patients with HS (Hurley stages I-III) and 39 healthy controls to compare keratinocyte- and immune cell-driven epidermal inflammation, in addition to the response of lesional HS keratinocytes to treatment with interferon (IFN)-γ and ruxolitinib. We used haematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assessments in whole skin, isolated epidermis, and cultured keratinocytes from healthy controls and both nonlesional and lesional HS skin to identify and define epidermal and keratinocyte-mediated inflammation in HS and how this may be targeted by therapeutics., Results: HS lesional keratinocytes autonomously secreted high levels of chemokines, such as CCL2, CCL3 and CXCL3, which recruited neutrophils, CD8 T cells, and natural killer cells to the epidermis. Keratinocytes were the dominant source of tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-6 in HS lesions with little to no contribution from underlying dermal immune cells. In the presence of IFN-γ, which is dependent on immune cell infiltrate in vivo, keratinocytes expressed increased levels of additional cytokines including IL-1β, IL-12, IL-23 and IL-36γ. The JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib mitigated the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in HS lesional keratinocytes, thus providing a rationale for future study as a topical treatment for HS., Conclusions: This study demonstrates that keratinocytes actively recruit immune cells to HS epidermis and interactions between these cells drive a broad inflammatory profile in HS epidermis. Targeting epidermal inflammation in HS with novel topical formulations may be highly efficacious with reduced systemic side-effects., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest J.S.K. has acted as a consultant and speaker and has participated on an advisory board for AbbVie. J.S.K. has also acted as a consultant for ChemoCentryx, Incyte, Janssen, Moonlake, Novartis and UCB. S.R.G. is a board member for the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation. A.M.N. has received grant support from Incyte and Kymera for unrelated research projects., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of British Association of Dermatologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2023
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26. Pseudovibrio flavus sp. nov. isolated from the sea sponge Verongula gigantea .
- Author
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Goldberg SR, Haltli BA, Correa H, and Kerr RG
- Subjects
- Animals, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Base Composition, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Fatty Acids chemistry, Phospholipids chemistry, Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Ubiquinone chemistry, Porifera, Rhodobacteraceae genetics
- Abstract
A Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped marine bacterium, designated RKSG542
T , was isolated from the sea sponge Verongula gigantea collected at a depth of 20 m off the west coast of San Salvador, The Bahamas. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences place RKSG542T in a monophyletic clade with members of the genus Pseudovibrio . Strain RKSG542T shared <96.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity,<72.2 % average nucleotide identity,<66.7 % average amino acid identity, and <24.8 % digital DNA-DNA hybridization with type strains of the family Stappiaceae . Growth occurred at 22-37 °C (22-30 °C optimum), at pH 7-9 (pH 7 optimum), and with 0.5-5 % (w/v) NaCl (2 % optimum). The predominant fatty acids (>10 %) were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω 6 c and/or C18 : 1 ω 7 c ), C18 : 0 and C16 : 0 , and the respiratory lipoquinone was Q-10. The polar lipid composition comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, three unknown aminolipids, six unknown phospholipids and four unknown lipids. The DNA G+C content of the genome sequence was 52.5 mol%. Based on the results of biochemical, phylogenetic and genomic analyses, RKSG542T (=TSD-76T =LMG 29867T ) is presented here as the type strain of a novel species within the genus Pseudovibrio (family Stappiaceae , order Hyphomicrobiales , class Alphaproteobacteria ), for which the name Pseudovibrio flavus sp. nov. is proposed.- Published
- 2022
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27. Gastrointestinal Helminths in Amietia sp. (Anura: Pyxicephalidae) from the Albertine Rift of Central Africa.
- Author
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Goldberg SR, Bursey CR, Mali FM, Kusamba C, Robbins AJ, and Greenbaum E
- Abstract
Fourteen Amietia sp. (Pyxicephalidae), from the Albertine Rift of Democratic Republic of the Congo were examined for helminths. Five species of Nematoda were found: Amphibiophilus chabaudi, Aplectana praeputialis, Falcaustra congoensis, Foleyellides duboisi and Orneoascaris chrysanthemoides . Amphibiophilus chabaudi was the most numerous nematode ( n = 40) with the highest prevalence (57 %). Five new host records are reported., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest Authors state no conflict of interest., (© 2021 S. R. Goldberg, C. R. Bursey, F. M. Mali, C. Kusamba, A. J. Robbins, E. Greenbaum, published by Sciendo.)
- Published
- 2021
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28. Curvivirga aplysinae gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from the sea sponge Aplysina fistularis .
- Author
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Goldberg SR, Haltli BA, Correa H, and Kerr RG
- Subjects
- Alphaproteobacteria isolation & purification, Animals, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Bahamas, Base Composition, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Fatty Acids chemistry, Phospholipids chemistry, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Ubiquinone chemistry, Alphaproteobacteria classification, Phylogeny, Porifera microbiology
- Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, motile bacterium, designated strain RKSG073
T , was isolated from the sea sponge Aplysina fistularis , collected off the west coast of San Salvador, The Bahamas. Cells were curved-to-spiral rods with single, bipolar (amphitrichous) flagella, oxidase- and catalase-positive, non-nitrate-reducing and required salt for growth. RKSG073T grew optimally at 30-37 °C, pH 6-7, and with 2-3 % (w/v) NaCl. The predominant fatty acids of RKSG073T were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω6 c and/or C18 : 1 ω7 c ) and C16 : 0 . Major isoprenoid quinones were identified as Q-10 and Q-9. Phylogenetic analyses of nearly complete 16S rRNA genes and genome sequences positioned strain RKSG073T in a clade with its closest relative Aestuariispira insulae AH-MY2T (92.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), which subsequently clustered with Hwanghaeella grinnelliae Gri0909T , Marivibrio halodurans ZC80T and type species of the genera Kiloniella , Thalassospira and Terasakiella . The DNA G+C content calculated from the genome of RKSG073T was 42.2 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic distinctiveness and polyphasic analysis, here we propose that RKSG073T (culture deposit numbers: ATCC collection = TSD-74T , BCCM collection = LMG 29869T ) represents the type strain of a novel genus and species within the family Kiloniellaceae , order Rhodospirillales and class Alphaproteobacteria , for which the name Curvivirga aplysinae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed.- Published
- 2021
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29. A Contribution to the Nematode Fauna of Two Agamid Lizards from Afghanistan.
- Author
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Jablonski D, Bursey CR, Basit A, Farooqi J, Masroor R, and Goldberg SR
- Abstract
Information on the recent herpetological and related parasitological collections are very rarely available for Afghanistan. We examined two species of the family Agamidae, Laudakia nuristanica and Paralaudakia caucasia for the presence of the intestinal helminth fauna. Overall, we examined 13 specimens of these lizards and found three species of helminths ( Abbreviata achari , Thelandros masaae , T . taylori ) in a single specimen of L . nuristanica and four species ( A . achari , T . baylisi , T . taylori , P . kasauli ) in three specimens of P . caucasia . Here in, we present the first report on the helminth fauna from L . nuristanica , record a new helminth host for P . caucasia and three new country records for the helminth fauna of Afghanistan., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest Authors state no conflict of interest., (© 2021 D. Jablonski, C. R. Bursey, A. Basit, J. Farooqi, R. Masroor, S. R. Goldberg, published by Sciendo.)
- Published
- 2021
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30. Core EPAs in the Acting Internship: Early Outcomes from an Interdepartmental Experience.
- Author
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Garber AM, Feldman M, Ryan M, Santen SA, Dow A, and Goldberg SR
- Abstract
Introduction: The Core Entrustable Professional Activities for Entering Residency (Core EPAs) are clinical activities all interns should be able to perform on the first day of residency with indirect supervision. The acting (sub) internship (AI) rotation provides medical students the opportunity to be assessed on advanced Core EPAs., Materials and Methods: All fourth-year AI students were taught Core EPA skills and performed these clinical skills under direct supervision. Formative feedback and direct observation data were provided via required workplace-based assessments (WBAs). Supervising physicians rated learner performance using the Ottawa Clinic Assessment Tool (OCAT). WBA and pre-post student self-assessment data were analyzed to assess student performance and gauge curriculum efficacy., Results: In the 2017-2018 academic year, 167 students completed two AI rotations at our institution. By their last WBA, 91.2% of students achieved a target OCAT supervisory scale rating for both patient handoffs and calling consults. Paired sample t tests of the student pre-post surveys showed statistically significant improvement in self-efficacy on key clinical functions of the EPAs., Discussion: This study demonstrates that the AI rotation can be structured to include a Core EPA curriculum that can assess student performance utilizing WBAs of directly observed clinical skills., Conclusions: Our clinical outcomes data demonstrates that the majority of fourth-year medical students are capable of performing advanced Core EPAs at a level acceptable for intern year by the conclusion of their AI rotations. WBA data collected can also aid in ad hoc and longitudinal summative Core EPA entrustment decisions., Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40670-021-01208-y., Competing Interests: Conflict of InterestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (© International Association of Medical Science Educators 2021.)
- Published
- 2021
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31. What Makes Wounds Chronic.
- Author
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Goldberg SR and Diegelmann RF
- Subjects
- Anti-Infective Agents therapeutic use, Biofilms drug effects, Chronic Disease, Cytokines physiology, Diabetic Angiopathies immunology, Diabetic Angiopathies therapy, Drug Resistance, Bacterial physiology, Drug Therapy, Combination, Humans, Immunity, Cellular physiology, Peptide Hydrolases physiology, Skin Ulcer immunology, Skin Ulcer therapy, Wound Healing immunology, Wound Infection immunology, Wound Infection physiopathology, Wound Infection therapy, Diabetic Angiopathies physiopathology, Skin Ulcer physiopathology, Wound Healing physiology
- Abstract
Chronic wounds present a unique therapeutic challenge to heal. Chronic wounds are colonized with bacteria and the presence of a biofilm that further inhibits the normal wound healing processes, and are locked into a very damaging proinflammatory response. The treatment of chronic wounds requires a coordinated approach, including debridement of devitalized tissue, minimizing bacteria and biofilm, control of inflammation, and the use of specialized dressings to address the specific aspects of the particular nonhealing ulcer., Competing Interests: Disclosure S.R. Goldberg: Investigative PI for Pfizer and UCB studies. R.F. Diegelmann: No Disclosures., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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32. Fulvivirga aurantia sp. nov. and Xanthovirga aplysinae gen. nov., sp. nov., marine bacteria isolated from the sponge Aplysina fistularis , and emended description of the genus Fulvivirga .
- Author
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Goldberg SR, Correa H, Haltli BA, and Kerr RG
- Subjects
- Animals, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Bacteroidetes isolation & purification, Bahamas, Base Composition, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Fatty Acids chemistry, Pigmentation, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Vitamin K 2 analogs & derivatives, Vitamin K 2 chemistry, Bacteroidetes classification, Phylogeny, Porifera microbiology
- Abstract
Two Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, marine bacteria, designated as strains RKSG066
T and RKSG123T , were isolated from a sponge Aplysina fistularis collected at a depth of 15 m off the west coast of San Salvador, The Bahamas. Investigation of nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene and whole genome-based phylogenies revealed that both strains belong to the order Cytophagales within the class Cytophagia and phylum Bacteroidetes . Strain RKSG066T formed a monophyletic clade with described members of the genus Fulvivirga , while strain RKSG123T formed a well-supported paraphyletic branch apart from this and other related genera within the family Flammeovirgaceae . For both RKSG066T and RKSG123T , optimal growth parameters were 30-37 °C, pH 7-8 and 2-3 % (w/v) NaCl; cells were catalase- and oxidase-positive, and flexirubin-type pigments were absent. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 , C16 : 0 , C18 : 0 , iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 1 ω5 c , iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, C18 : 1 ω9 c and iso-C15 : 1 G for RKSG066T , and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 1 ω5 c , iso-C15 : 0 , C16 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 4 (iso-C17 : 1 I and/or anteiso-C17 : 1 B) for RKSG123T . Menaquinone-7 was the major respiratory quinone for both strains. The DNA G+C contents of RKSG066T and RKSG123T were 39.5 and 36.7 mol%, respectively. On the basis of phylogenetic distinctiveness and polyphasic analysis, the type strain RKSG066T (=TSD-73T =LMG 29870T ) is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Fulvivirga , for which the name Fulvivirga aurantia sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain RKSG123T (=TSD-75T =LMG 30075T ) is proposed to represent the type species of a novel genus and species with the proposed name Xanthovirga aplysinae gen. nov., sp. nov. Additionally, the genus Fulvivirga is emended to include strains of orange-pigmented colonies that contain the predominant cellular fatty acids C16 : 0 , C18 : 0 , C16 : 1 ω 5 c and C18 : 1 ω 9 c .- Published
- 2020
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33. Rhabdias elegans (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) in the toad, Rhinella arenarum (Hensel, 1867) from Argentina.
- Author
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Ramallo G, Bursey CR, Goldberg SR, Ruiz AL, and Corbalan TMC
- Subjects
- Animals, Argentina, Lung, Nematoda
- Abstract
This study describes the morphology of Rhabdias elegans Gutierrez, 1945, isolated from the lungs of the toad Rhinella arenarum (Hensel, 1867) from Lomas de Tafi Tucumán, Argentina. This is the first record of R. elegans in R. arenarum from northwestern Argentina as previously described Rhabdias truncata is a species inquirendae. The distribution of R. elegans is extended since it was previously recorded in Buenos Aires, Chaco and Corrientes Provinces, Argentina. Our light microscopical study of morphological details of R. elegans revealed a few previously unreported structures in the apical region including position of the excretory pore and lateral sessile papillae in the tail. In addition, morphometric variability was observed on comparing present specimens and those described in previous studies. Our study made it possible to validate the occurrence of three Rhabdias species occurring in Argentina: R. elegans, R. füelleborni and R. cf. sphaerocephala. The information presented in this study represents an important contribution to the parasitological knowledge of R. arenarum from northwestern Argentina.
- Published
- 2020
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34. Association of hidradenitis suppurativa and keloid formation: A therapeutic challenge.
- Author
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Jfri A, O'Brien E, Alavi A, and Goldberg SR
- Published
- 2019
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35. Astrocytic Mechanisms Involving Kynurenic Acid Control Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol-Induced Increases in Glutamate Release in Brain Reward-Processing Areas.
- Author
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Secci ME, Mascia P, Sagheddu C, Beggiato S, Melis M, Borelli AC, Tomasini MC, Panlilio LV, Schindler CW, Tanda G, Ferré S, Bradberry CW, Ferraro L, Pistis M, Goldberg SR, Schwarcz R, and Justinova Z
- Subjects
- Action Potentials drug effects, Animals, Astrocytes drug effects, Brain drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Male, Nucleus Accumbens drug effects, Nucleus Accumbens metabolism, Prefrontal Cortex drug effects, Prefrontal Cortex metabolism, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 genetics, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 metabolism, Rimonabant pharmacology, Sulfonamides pharmacology, Thiazoles pharmacology, Ventral Tegmental Area drug effects, Ventral Tegmental Area metabolism, alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor genetics, alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor metabolism, Astrocytes metabolism, Brain metabolism, Dronabinol toxicity, Glutamic Acid metabolism, Kynurenic Acid metabolism, Reward
- Abstract
The reinforcing effects of Δ
9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in rats and monkeys, and the reinforcement-related dopamine-releasing effects of THC in rats, can be attenuated by increasing endogenous levels of kynurenic acid (KYNA) through systemic administration of the kynurenine 3-monooxygenase inhibitor, Ro 61-8048. KYNA is a negative allosteric modulator of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs) and is synthesized and released by astroglia, which express functional α7nAChRs and cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1Rs). Here, we tested whether these presumed KYNA autoreceptors (α7nAChRs) and CB1Rs regulate glutamate release. We used in vivo microdialysis and electrophysiology in rats, RNAscope in situ hybridization in brain slices, and primary culture of rat cortical astrocytes. Acute systemic administration of THC increased extracellular levels of glutamate in the nucleus accumbens shell (NAcS), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). THC also reduced extracellular levels of KYNA in the NAcS. These THC effects were prevented by administration of Ro 61-8048 or the CB1R antagonist, rimonabant. THC increased the firing activity of glutamatergic pyramidal neurons projecting from the mPFC to the NAcS or to the VTA in vivo. These effects were averted by pretreatment with Ro 61-8048. In vitro, THC elicited glutamate release from cortical astrocytes (on which we demonstrated co-localization of the CB1Rs and α7nAChR mRNAs), and this effect was prevented by KYNA and rimonabant. These results suggest a key role of astrocytes in interactions between the endocannabinoid system, kynurenine pathway, and glutamatergic neurotransmission, with ramifications for the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases.- Published
- 2019
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36. Management of penetrating intraperitoneal colon injuries: A meta-analysis and practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma.
- Author
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Cullinane DC, Jawa RS, Como JJ, Moore AE, Morris DS, Cheriyan J, Guillamondegui OD, Goldberg SR, Petrey L, Schaefer GP, Khwaja KA, Rowell SE, Barbosa RR, Bass GA, Kasotakis G, and Robinson BRH
- Subjects
- Anastomosis, Surgical, Colostomy, Humans, Postoperative Complications, Colon injuries, Peritoneum injuries, Wounds, Penetrating mortality, Wounds, Penetrating surgery
- Abstract
Background: The management of penetrating colon injuries in civilians has evolved over the last four decades. The objectives of this meta-analysis are to evaluate the current treatment regimens available for penetrating colon injuries and assess the role of anastomosis in damage control surgery to develop a practice management guideline for surgeons., Methods: Using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology, a subcommittee of the Practice Management Guidelines section of EAST conducted a systematic review using MEDLINE and EMBASE articles from 1980 through 2017. We developed three relevant problem, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) questions regarding penetrating colon injuries. Outcomes of interest included mortality and infectious abdominal complications., Results: Thirty-seven studies were identified for analysis, of which 16 met criteria for quantitative meta-analysis and included 705 patients considered low-risk in six prospective randomized studies. Seven hundred thirty-eight patients in 10 studies undergoing damage control laparotomy and repair or resection and anastomosis (R&A) were included in a separate meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of high-risk patients undergoing repair or R&A was not feasible due to inadequate data., Conclusions: In adult civilian patients sustaining penetrating colon injury without signs of shock, significant hemorrhage, severe contamination, or delay to surgical intervention we recommend that colon repair or R&A be performed rather than routine colostomy. In adult high-risk civilian trauma patients sustaining penetrating colon injury, we conditionally recommend that colon repair or R&A be performed rather than routine colostomy. In adult civilian trauma patients sustaining penetrating colon injury who had damage control laparotomy, we conditionally recommend that routine colostomy not be performed; instead, definitive repair or delayed R&A or anastomosis at initial operation should be performed rather than routine colostomy., Level of Evidence: Systematic review/meta-analysis, level III.
- Published
- 2019
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37. Redefining the Acting Internship in the Era of Entrustment: One Institution's Approach to Reforming the Acting Internship.
- Author
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Garber AM, Ryan MS, Santen SA, and Goldberg SR
- Abstract
Creating a Core Entrustable Professional Activities (Core EPA) curriculum requires a longitudinal approach. Current curricular efforts have focused primarily on the pre-clerkship and clerkship phases of training; however, the role of the Acting Internship (AI) has not been explored. The AI experience offers opportunities for students to have enhanced clinical responsibility, demonstrate proficiency, and allows for assessment of Core EPAs that are beyond the focus of clerkships. We share our experience developing an interdepartmental AI experience designed to assess designated Core EPAs and highlight tensions that should be considered when incorporating an AI experience into a longitudinal Core EPA-oriented curriculum., Competing Interests: Conflict of InterestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (© International Association of Medical Science Educators 2019.)
- Published
- 2019
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38. Network proteomics of human dermal wound healing.
- Author
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Gao X, Petricoin EF 3rd, Ward KR, Goldberg SR, Duane TM, Bonchev D, Arodz T, and Diegelmann RF
- Subjects
- Down-Regulation, Humans, Phosphoproteins metabolism, Protein Array Analysis, Up-Regulation, Proteomics, Skin metabolism, Skin Physiological Phenomena, Wound Healing
- Abstract
Objective: The healing of wounds is critical in protecting the human body against environmental factors. The mechanisms involving protein expression during this complex physiological process have not been fully elucidated., Approach: Here, we use reverse-phase protein microarrays (RPPA) involving 94 phosphoproteins to study tissue samples from tubes implanted in healing dermal wounds in seven human subjects tracked over two weeks. We compare the proteomic profiles to proteomes of controls obtained from skin biopsies from the same subjects., Main Results: Compared to previous proteomic studies of wound healing, our approach focuses on wound tissue instead of wound fluid, and has the sensitivity to go beyond measuring only highly abundant proteins. To study the temporal dynamics of networks involved in wound healing, we applied two network analysis methods that integrate the experimental results with prior knowledge about protein-protein physical and regulatory interactions, as well as higher-level biological processes and associated pathways., Significance: We uncovered densely connected networks of proteins that are up- or down-regulated during human wound healing, as well as their relationships to microRNAs and to proteins outside of our set of targets that we measured with proteomic microarrays.
- Published
- 2018
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39. Endoparasites in Limnonectes magnus (Anura, Dicroglossidae) from Samar Island, Philippines with description of a new species of Aplectana (Nematoda, Cosmocercidae).
- Author
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Bursey CR, Goldberg SR, Siler CD, and Brown RM
- Subjects
- Animals, Ascaridida anatomy & histology, Ascaridida isolation & purification, Ascaridida Infections parasitology, Female, Intestines parasitology, Islands, Male, Philippines, Anura parasitology, Ascaridida classification, Ascaridida Infections veterinary
- Abstract
Aplectana samarensis sp. nov. (Ascaridida, Cosmocercidae) from the intestines of Limnonectes magnus (Anura, Dicroglossidae) is described and illustrated. Aplectana samarensis sp. nov. represents the 53rd species assigned to the genus and the 6th species reported from the Oriental region. It is easily separated from the 5 species previously reported from the region by the presence of a gubernaculum and the distribution pattern of male caudal papillae: A. macintoshii has an irregular pattern, no precloacal papillae in rows; both A. akhrami and A. dubrajpuri lack a gubernaculum; A. duttaphryni has 3 pairs of precloacal papillae forming 2 rows; A. ranae has 7 pairs of precloacal papillae forming 2 rows; A. samarensis sp. nov. has 4 pairs of precloacal papillae in 2 rows. In addition to the new species, individuals of Falcaustra dubia and Pseudoacanthocephalus bufonis as well as cestode plerocercoids were also found.
- Published
- 2018
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40. Description of Sansalvadorimonas verongulae gen. nov., sp. nov., a gammaproteobacterium isolated from the marine sponge Verongula gigantea.
- Author
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Goldberg SR, Haltli BA, Correa H, and Kerr RG
- Subjects
- Animals, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Bahamas, Base Composition, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Fatty Acids chemistry, Gammaproteobacteria genetics, Gammaproteobacteria isolation & purification, Phospholipids chemistry, Quinones chemistry, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Ubiquinone chemistry, Gammaproteobacteria classification, Phylogeny, Porifera microbiology
- Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain RKSG058
T , was isolated from the marine sponge Verongula gigantea, collected off the west coast of San Salvador, The Bahamas. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that RKSG058T formed a distinct lineage within the family Hahellaceae (order Oceanospirillales, class Gammaproteobacteria), and was most closely related to the genus Endozoicomonas, with sequence similarities to members of this genus ranging from 92.0 to 93.7 %. Optimal growth occurred at 30 °C, at pH 7 and in the presence of 2-3 % (w/v) NaCl. The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. The major and minor respiratory quinones were Q-9 and Q-8, respectively. The polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminolipids, an unidentified phospholipid and five unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content was 42.3 mol%. Biochemical, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses indicated that strain RKSG058T represents the first cultured isolate of a novel bacterial genus and species within the family Hahellaceae, for which the name Sansalvadorimonas verongulae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Sansalvadorimonas verongulae is RKSG058T (=TSD-72T =LMG 29871T ). An emended description of the genus Kistimonas is provided.- Published
- 2018
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41. A new species of Aplectana (Nematoda, Cosmocercidae) in Goniurosaurus bawanglingensis (Squamata, Eublepharidae), from Hainan Province, China.
- Author
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Bursey CR, Goldberg SR, and Lee Grismer L
- Subjects
- Animal Structures anatomy & histology, Animals, Ascaridida anatomy & histology, Biometry, China, Intestines parasitology, Microscopy, Ascaridida classification, Ascaridida isolation & purification, Vertebrates parasitology
- Abstract
Aplectana hainanensis sp. nov. (Ascaridida, Cosmocercidae) from the intestines of Goniurosaurus bawanglingensis (Squamata, Eublepharidae) is described and illustrated. Aplectana hainanensis sp. nov. represents the 52nd species assigned to the genus and the 5th species reported from the Sino-Japanese region. It is easily separated from the 4 species previously reported from the region by the distribution pattern of male caudal papillae: A. macintoshii has an irregular pattern; A. hylae has no precloacal papillae; A. fujianae has 1 pair of precloacal papillae; A paucipapillosa has 3 pairs of precloacal papillae; Aplectana hainanensis sp. nov. has 7 pairs of precloacal papillae.
- Published
- 2018
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42. A new species of Spauligodon (Nematoda; Oxyuroidea; Pharyngodonidae) and other Nematodes in Cyrtodactylus epiroticus (Squamata; Gekkonidae) from Papua New Guinea.
- Author
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Bursey CR, Goldberg SR, and Kraus F
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Male, Nematode Infections epidemiology, Nematode Infections parasitology, Papua New Guinea epidemiology, Species Specificity, Lizards parasitology, Nematode Infections veterinary, Oxyuroidea classification, Oxyuroidea isolation & purification
- Abstract
Spauligodon papuensis sp. nov. from the large intestines of Cyrtodactylus epiroticus (Gekkonidae) from Papua New Guinea is described and illustrated. Spauligodon papuensis sp. nov. represents the 54th species assigned to the genus and the second species from the Oceanic Region. The new species is separated from congeners by the unique combination of aspinose filamentous tail and no spicule in the male; and spinose filamentous tail, fusiform, flanged eggs, and postbulbar vulva in the female. Four additional species of nematodes were also found in C. epiroticus: mature specimens of Cosmocerca zugi, Falcaustra papuensis, Physalopteroides milnensis and larvae of Abbreviata sp.
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- 2017
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43. Spinicauda sumatrana sp. nov. (Nematoda: Heterakidae) from Ludeking's Crested Dragon, Lophocalotes ludekingi (Agamidae), from the Bukit Barisan Range of Sumatra.
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Bursey CR, Goldberg SR, and Harvey MB
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Indonesia epidemiology, Male, Nematoda isolation & purification, Nematode Infections epidemiology, Nematode Infections parasitology, Nematode Infections veterinary, Species Specificity, Lizards parasitology, Nematoda anatomy & histology, Nematoda classification
- Abstract
Spinicauda sumatrana sp. nov. is described from the large intestine of Ludeking's Crested Dragon, Lophocalotes ludekingi (Agamidae) from the Bukit Barisan Range of Sumatra. The new species is assigned to Spinicauda based on the presence of off-set lips in both male and female and a ventrally directed sucker combined with the absence of caudal alae in males. It is the 17th species assigned to the genus and differs from all congeners in the combination of spicule length, presence of a gubernaculum, presence of a tail filament and fourteen pairs of caudal papillae.
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- 2017
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44. Erratum to: Antimicrobials: a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA).
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Sartelli M, Weber DG, Ruppé E, Bassetti M, Wright BJ, Ansaloni L, Catena F, Coccolini F, Abu-Zidan FM, Coimbra R, Moore EE, Moore FA, Maier RV, De Waele JJ, Kirkpatrick AW, Griffiths EA, Eckmann C, Brink AJ, Mazuski JE, May AK, Sawyer RG, Mertz D, Montravers P, Kumar A, Roberts JA, Vincent JL, Watkins RR, Lowman W, Spellberg B, Abbott IJ, Adesunkanmi AK, Al-Dahir S, Al-Hasan MN, Agresta F, Althani AA, Ansari S, Ansumana R, Augustin G, Bala M, Balogh ZJ, Baraket O, Bhangu A, Beltrán MA, Bernhard M, Biffl WL, Boermeester MA, Brecher SM, Cherry-Bukowiec JR, Buyne OR, Cainzos MA, Cairns KA, Camacho-Ortiz A, Chandy SJ, Che Jusoh A, Chichom-Mefire A, Colijn C, Corcione F, Cui Y, Curcio D, Delibegovic S, Demetrashvili Z, De Simone B, Dhingra S, Diaz JJ, Di Carlo I, Dillip A, Di Saverio S, Doyle MP, Dorj G, Dogjani A, Dupont H, Eachempati SR, Enani MA, Egiev VN, Elmangory MM, Ferrada P, Fitchett JR, Fraga GP, Guessennd N, Giamarellou H, Ghnnam W, Gkiokas G, Goldberg SR, Gomes CA, Gomi H, Guzmán-Blanco M, Haque M, Hansen S, Hecker A, Heizmann WR, Herzog T, Hodonou AM, Hong SK, Kafka-Ritsch R, Kaplan LJ, Kapoor G, Karamarkovic A, Kees MG, Kenig J, Kiguba R, Kim PK, Kluger Y, Khokha V, Koike K, Kok KY, Kong V, Knox MC, Inaba K, Isik A, Iskandar K, Ivatury RR, Labbate M, Labricciosa FM, Laterre PF, Latifi R, Lee JG, Lee YR, Leone M, Leppaniemi A, Li Y, Liang SY, Loho T, Maegele M, Malama S, Marei HE, Martin-Loeches I, Marwah S, Massele A, McFarlane M, Melo RB, Negoi I, Nicolau DP, Nord CE, Ofori-Asenso R, Omari AH, Ordonez CA, Ouadii M, Pereira Júnior GA, Piazza D, Pupelis G, Rawson TM, Rems M, Rizoli S, Rocha C, Sakakushev B, Sanchez-Garcia M, Sato N, Segovia Lohse HA, Sganga G, Siribumrungwong B, Shelat VG, Soreide K, Soto R, Talving P, Tilsed JV, Timsit JF, Trueba G, Trung NT, Ulrych J, van Goor H, Vereczkei A, Vohra RS, Wani I, Uhl W, Xiao Y, Yuan KC, Zachariah SK, Zahar JR, Zakrison TL, Corcione A, Melotti RM, Viscoli C, and Viale P
- Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13017-016-0089-y.].
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- 2017
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45. Attenuating Nicotine Reinforcement and Relapse by Enhancing Endogenous Brain Levels of Kynurenic Acid in Rats and Squirrel Monkeys.
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Secci ME, Auber A, Panlilio LV, Redhi GH, Thorndike EB, Schindler CW, Schwarcz R, Goldberg SR, and Justinova Z
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- Animals, Cocaine administration & dosage, Cocaine pharmacology, Dopamine metabolism, Isoxazoles pharmacology, Male, Nicotine administration & dosage, Nucleus Accumbens drug effects, Phenylurea Compounds pharmacology, Rats, Recurrence, Saimiri, Secondary Prevention, Self Administration, Sulfonamides antagonists & inhibitors, Thiazoles antagonists & inhibitors, Kynurenic Acid metabolism, Nicotine pharmacology, Reinforcement, Psychology, Sulfonamides pharmacology, Thiazoles pharmacology
- Abstract
The currently available antismoking medications have limited efficacy and often fail to prevent relapse. Thus, there is a pressing need for newer, more effective treatment strategies. Recently, we demonstrated that enhancing endogenous levels of kynurenic acid (KYNA, a neuroinhibitory product of tryptophan metabolism) counteracts the rewarding effects of cannabinoids by acting as a negative allosteric modulator of α7 nicotinic receptors (α7nAChRs). As the effects of KYNA on cannabinoid reward involve nicotinic receptors, in the present study we used rat and squirrel monkey models of reward and relapse to examine the possibility that enhancing KYNA can counteract the effects of nicotine. To assess specificity, we also examined models of cocaine reward and relapse in monkeys. KYNA levels were enhanced by administering the kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) inhibitor, Ro 61-8048. Treatment with Ro 61-8048 decreased nicotine self-administration in rats and monkeys, but did not affect cocaine self-administration. In rats, Ro 61-8048 reduced the ability of nicotine to induce dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens shell, a brain area believed to underlie nicotine reward. Perhaps most importantly, Ro 61-8048 prevented relapse-like behavior when abstinent rats or monkeys were reexposed to nicotine and/or cues that had previously been associated with nicotine. Ro 61-8048 was also effective in monkey models of cocaine relapse. All of these effects of Ro 61-8048 in monkeys, but not in rats, were reversed by pretreatment with a positive allosteric modulator of α7nAChRs. These findings suggest that KMO inhibition may be a promising new approach for the treatment of nicotine addiction.
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- 2017
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46. Constituent Lower Extremity Work (CLEW) approach: A novel tool to visualize joint and segment work.
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Ebrahimi A, Goldberg SR, Wilken JM, and Stanhope SJ
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- Adult, Biomechanical Phenomena, Humans, Gait physiology, Joints physiology, Lower Extremity physiology, Task Performance and Analysis, Work physiology
- Abstract
Work can reveal the mechanism by which movements occur. However, work is less physically intuitive than more common clinical variables such as joint angles, and are scalar quantities which do not have a direction. Therefore, there is a need for a clearly reported and comprehensively calculated approach to easily visualize and facilitate the interpretation of work variables in a clinical setting. We propose the Constituent Lower Extremity Work (CLEW) approach, a general methodology to visualize and interpret cyclic tasks performed by the lower limbs. Using six degree-of-freedom power calculations, we calculated the relative work of the four lower limb constituents (hip, knee, ankle, and distal foot). In a single pie chart, the CLEW approach details the mechanical cost-of-transport, the percentage of positive and negative work performed in stance phase and swing phase, and the individual contributions of positive and negative work from each constituent. This approach can be used to compare the constituent-level adaptations occurring between limbs of individuals with impairments, or within a limb at different gait intensities. In this article, we outline how to generate and interpret the CLEW pie charts in a clinical report. As an example of the utility of the approach, we created a CLEW report using average reference data from eight unimpaired adult subjects walking on a treadmill at 0.8 statures/s (1.4m/s) compared with data from the intact and prosthetic limbs of an individual with a unilateral amputation walking with an above-knee passive prosthesis., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2017
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47. Changes in relative work of the lower extremity joints and distal foot with walking speed.
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Ebrahimi A, Goldberg SR, and Stanhope SJ
- Subjects
- Adaptation, Physiological, Adult, Biomechanical Phenomena, Exercise Test, Humans, Foot Joints physiology, Hip Joint physiology, Knee Joint physiology, Walking Speed physiology
- Abstract
The modulation of walking speed results in adaptations to the lower limbs which can be quantified using mechanical work. A 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF) power analysis, which includes additional translations as compared to the 3 DOF (all rotational) approach, is a comprehensive approach for quantifying lower limb work during gait. The purpose of this study was to quantify the speed-related 6 DOF joint and distal foot work adaptations of all the lower extremity limb constituents (hip, knee, ankle, and distal foot) in healthy individuals. Relative constituent 6 DOF work, the amount of constituent work relative to absolute limb work, was calculated during the stance and swing phases of gait. Eight unimpaired adults walked on an instrumented split-belt treadmill at slow, moderate, and typical walking speeds (0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 statures/s, respectively). Using motion capture and force data, 6 DOF powers were calculated for each constituent. Contrary to previously published results, 6 DOF positive relative ankle work and negative relative distal foot work increased significantly with increased speed during stance phase (p<0.05). Similar to previous rotational DOF results in the sagittal plane, negative relative ankle work decreased significantly with increased speed during stance phase (p<0.05). Scientifically, these findings provide new insight into how healthy individuals adapt to increased walking speed and suggest limitations of the rotational DOF approach for quantifying limb work. Clinically, the data presented here for unimpaired limbs can be used to compare with speed-matched data from limbs with impairments., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2017
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48. Practice Patterns for the Use of Antibiotic Agents in Damage Control Laparotomy and Its Impact on Outcomes.
- Author
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Goldberg SR, Henning J, Wolfe LG, and Duane TM
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Wounds and Injuries surgery, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Antibiotic Prophylaxis methods, Intraabdominal Infections prevention & control, Laparotomy methods, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Surgical Wound Infection prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to identify practice patterns associated with the use of antimicrobial agents with damage control laparotomy (DCL) and the relationship with post-operative intra-abdominal infection (IAI) rates., Patients and Methods: The study was a retrospective review of trauma patients undergoing laparotomy at a Level 1 trauma center in 2010. Patients undergoing DCL versus those primarily closed (PCL) were compared for antimicrobial use (ABX) and its correlation with IAI rates (p < 0.05). Deaths with length of stay <5 days were excluded., Results: A total of 121 patients were identified (28 DCL, 93 PCL). The DCL group was more severely injured (Injury Severity Score [ISS]: 31.4 ± 15 DCL vs. 18 ± 12.7 PCL, p < 0.001) with more small and large bowel injuries (SLBI), although not statistically significant (53.6% DCL vs. 35.5% PCL, p = 0.12). Practice patterns of ABX administration in terms of pre-operative (94.6% PCL vs. 69.2% DCL, p = 0.0012) and post-operative administration (PCL: 50.5% none, 21.5% one day, 28% long term >1 d; DCL: 21.4% none, 25.0% one day, 53.6% long term >1 day, p = 0.0130) were significant. Regression analyses demonstrated that neither ISS nor DCL was an independent predictor of infection, but pre-operative ABX was a negative predictor (odds ratio [OR] 0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05-0.91, p = 0.037), while post-operative ABX (OR 6.7, 95%CI 1.33-33.8, p = 0.044) and SLBI (OR 3.45, CI 1.03-11.5, p = 0.02) were positive predictors of infection with an receiver operating characteristic of 0.81., Conclusion: Significant variations exist in the use of ABX in DCL and PCL. These variations may lead to deleterious results from both lack of initial pre-operative coverage and prolonged ABX use. The decrease in infection rates with pre-operative ABX yet significant increase with continued post-operative use even in the presence of SLBI suggests the need for a more standardized approach. With the increase in DCL and the open abdomen, more research is needed to clearly establish ABX protocols in this patient population.
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- 2017
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49. Attenuation of Cocaine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference and Motor Activity via Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor Agonism and CB1 Receptor Antagonism in Rats.
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Delis F, Polissidis A, Poulia N, Justinova Z, Nomikos GG, Goldberg SR, and Antoniou K
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- Animals, Cannabinoids pharmacology, Indoles pharmacology, Male, Piperidines pharmacology, Pyrazoles pharmacology, Rats, Rimonabant, Cocaine pharmacology, Conditioning, Classical drug effects, Motor Activity drug effects, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 antagonists & inhibitors, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 agonists
- Abstract
Background: Studies have shown the involvement of cannabinoid (CB) receptors in the behavioral and neurobiological effects of psychostimulants. Most of these studies have focused on the role of CB1 receptors in the psychostimulant effects of cocaine, while very few have investigated the respective role of CB2 receptors. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the extent of CB receptor involvement in the expression of cocaine-induced effects., Methods: The role of CB1 and CB2 receptors in the rewarding and motor properties of cocaine was assessed in conditioned place preference, conditioned motor activity, and open field activity in rats., Results: The CB1 receptor antagonist rimonabant (3 mg/kg) decreased the acquisition and the expression of conditioned place preference induced by cocaine (20 mg/kg). Rimonabant inhibited cocaine-elicited conditioned motor activity when administered during the expression of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference. Rimonabant decreased ambulatory and vertical activity induced by cocaine. The CB2 receptor agonist JWH-133 (10 mg/kg) decreased the acquisition and the expression of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference. JWH-133 inhibited cocaine-elicited conditioned motor activity when administered during the acquisition and the expression of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference. JWH-133 decreased ambulatory activity and abolished vertical activity induced by cocaine. The effects of JWH-133 on cocaine conditioned and stimulated responses were abolished when the CB2 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist AM630 (5 mg/kg) was preadministered., Conclusions: Cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors modulate cocaine-induced rewarding behavior and appear to have opposite roles in the regulation of cocaine's reinforcing and psychomotor effects., (© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of CINP.)
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- 2017
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50. l-tetrahydropalmatine reduces nicotine self-administration and reinstatement in rats.
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Faison SL, Schindler CW, Goldberg SR, and Wang JB
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- Animals, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Male, Microdialysis methods, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Self Administration, Behavior, Addictive drug therapy, Behavior, Addictive psychology, Berberine Alkaloids therapeutic use, Nicotine administration & dosage
- Abstract
Background: The negative consequences of nicotine use are well known and documented, however, abstaining from nicotine use and achieving abstinence poses a major challenge for the majority of nicotine users trying to quit. l-Tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP), a compound extracted from the Chinese herb Corydalis, displayed utility in the treatment of cocaine and heroin addiction via reduction of drug-intake and relapse. The present study examined the effects of l-THP on abuse-related effects of nicotine., Methods: Self-administration and reinstatement testing was conducted. Rats trained to self-administer nicotine (0.03 mg/kg/injection) under a fixed-ratio 5 schedule (FR5) of reinforcement were pretreated with l-THP (3 or 5 mg/kg), varenicline (1 mg/kg), bupropion (40 mg/kg), or saline before daily 2-h sessions. Locomotor, food, and microdialysis assays were also conducted in separate rats., Results: l-THP significantly reduced nicotine self-administration (SA). l-THP's effect was more pronounced than the effect of varenicline and similar to the effect of bupropion. In reinstatement testing, animals were pretreated with the same compounds, challenged with nicotine (0.3 mg/kg, s.c.), and reintroduced to pre-extinction conditions. l-THP blocked reinstatement of nicotine seeking more effectively than either varenicline or bupropion. Locomotor data revealed that therapeutic doses of l-THP had no inhibitory effects on ambulatory ability and that l-THP (3 and 5 mg/kg) significantly blocked nicotine induced hyperactivity when administered before nicotine. In in-vivo microdialysis experiments, l-THP, varenicline, and bupropion alone elevated extracellular dopamine (DA) levels in the nucleus accumbens shell (nAcb)., Conclusions: Since l-THP reduces nicotine taking and blocks relapse it could be a useful alternative to varenicline and bupropion as a treatment for nicotine addiction.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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