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4. High spatiotemporal resolution scintillation imaging of pulsed pencil beam scanning proton beams produced by a gantry‐mounted synchrocyclotron.

Author

Goddu, S. Murty, Hao, Yao, Ji, Zhen, Setianegara, Jufri, Liu, Fengwei, Green, Winter, Sobotka, Lee G., Zhao, Tianyu, Perkins, Stephanie, and Darafsheh, Arash

Subjects
*PROTON beams, *IMAGING systems, *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations, *SCINTILLATORS, *PENCILS, *SPATIAL resolution
Abstract

Background: A dosimeter with high spatial and temporal resolution would be of significant interest for pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton beams' characterization, especially when facing small fields and beams with high temporal dynamics. Optical imaging of scintillators has potential in providing sub‐millimeter spatial resolution with pulse‐by‐pulse basis temporal resolution when the imaging system is capable of operating in synchrony with the beam‐producing accelerator. Purpose: We demonstrate the feasibility of imaging PBS proton beams as they pass through a plastic scintillator detector to simultaneously obtain multiple beam parameters, including proton range, pencil beam's widths at different depths, spot's size, and spot's position on a pulse‐by‐pulse basis with sub‐millimeter resolution. Materials and methods: A PBS synchrocyclotron was used for proton irradiation. A BC‐408 plastic scintillator block with 30 × 30 × 5 cm3 size, and another block with 30 × 30 × 0.5 cm3 size, positioned in an optically sealed housing, were used sequentially to measure the proton range, and spot size/location, respectively. A high‐speed complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) camera system synchronized with the accelerator's pulses through a gating module was used for imaging. Scintillation images, captured with the camera directly facing the 5‐cm‐thick scintillator, were corrected for background (BG), and ionization quenching of the scintillator to obtain the proton range. Spots' position and size were obtained from scintillation images of the 0.5‐cm‐thick scintillator when a 45° mirror was used to reflect the scintillation light toward the camera. Results: Scintillation images with 0.16 mm/pixel resolution corresponding to all proton pulses were captured. Pulse‐by‐pulse analysis showed that variations of the range, spots' position, and size were within ± 0.2% standard deviation of their average values. The absolute ranges were within ± 1 mm of their expected values. The average spot‐positions were mostly within ± 0.8 mm and spots' sigma agreed within 0.2 mm of the expected values. Conclusion: Scintillation‐imaging PBS beams with high‐spatiotemporal resolution is feasible and may help in efficient and cost‐effective acceptance testing and commissioning of existing and even emerging technologies such as FLASH, grid, mini‐beams, and so forth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Internal dose escalation associated with increased local control for melanoma brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery

Author

Kennedy, William R., primary, DeWees, Todd A., additional, Acharya, Sahaja, additional, Mahmood, Mustafaa, additional, Knutson, Nels C., additional, Goddu, S. Murty, additional, Kavanaugh, James A., additional, Mitchell, Timothy J., additional, Rich, Keith M., additional, Kim, Albert H., additional, Leuthardt, Eric C., additional, Dowling, Joshua L., additional, Dunn, Gavin P., additional, Chicoine, Michael R., additional, Perkins, Stephanie M., additional, Huang, Jiayi, additional, Tsien, Christina I., additional, Robinson, Clifford G., additional, and Abraham, Christopher D., additional

Published
2021
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17. PRSOR07 Presentation Time: 12:30 PM

Author

Roy, Amit, primary, Brenneman, Randall J., additional, Hogan, Jake, additional, Barnes, Justin, additional, Huang, Yi, additional, Morris, Robert, additional, Goddu, S. Murty, additional, Michael, Altman, additional, Garcia-Ramirez, Jose, additional, Li, Harold, additional, Zoberi, Jacqueline E., additional, Bullock, Arnold, additional, Kim, Eric, additional, Smith, Zachary, additional, Figenshau, Robert, additional, Andriole, Gerald, additional, Baumann, Brian, additional, Michalski, Jeff, additional, and Gay, Hiram, additional

Published
2021
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21. Characterization and validation of an intra‐fraction motion management system for masked‐based radiosurgery

Author

Knutson, Nels C., primary, Hawkins, Brad J., additional, Bollinger, Douglas, additional, Goddu, S. Murty, additional, Kavanaugh, James A., additional, Santanam, Lakshmi, additional, Mitchell, Timothy J., additional, Zoberi, Jacqueline E., additional, Tsien, Christina, additional, Huang, Jiayi, additional, Robinson, Clifford G., additional, Perkins, Stephanie M., additional, Dowling, Joshua L., additional, Chicoine, Michael R., additional, Rich, Keith M., additional, Dunn, Gavin P., additional, and Mutic, Sasa, additional

Published
2019
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23. Filmless quality assurance of a Leksell Gamma Knife® Icon™.

Author

Maraghechi, Borna, Kim, Taeho, Mitchell, Timothy J., Goddu, S. Murty, Dise, Joe, Kavanaugh, James A., Zoberi, Jacqueline E., Mutic, Sasa, and Knutson, Nels C.

Subjects
IONIZATION chambers, QUALITY assurance, RADIATION dosimetry, COINCIDENCE circuits, ARTIFICIAL diamonds, DETECTORS, COLLIMATORS
Abstract

Purpose: The annual quality assurance (QA) of Leksell Gamma Knife® (LGK) systems are typically performed using films. Film is a good candidate for small field dosimetry due to its high spatial resolution and availability. However, there are multiple challenges with using film; film does not provide real‐time measurement and requires batch‐specific calibration. Our findings show that active detector‐based QA can simplify the procedure and save time without loss of accuracy. Methods: Annual QA tests for a LGK Icon™ system were performed using both film‐based and filmless techniques. Output calibration, relative output factors (ROF), radiation profiles, sector uniformity/source counting, and verification of the unit center point (UCP) and radiation focal point (RFP) coincidence tests were performed. Radiochromic films, two ionization chambers, and a synthetic diamond detector were used for the measurements. Results were compared and verified with the treatment planning system (TPS). Results: The measured dose rate of the LGK Icon was within 0.4% of the TPS value set at the time of commissioning using an ionization chamber. ROF for the 8 and 4‐mm collimators were found to be 0.3% and 1.8% different from TPS values using the MicroDiamond detector and 2.6% and 1.9% different for film, respectively. Excellent agreement was found between TPS and measured dose profiles using the MicroDiamond detector which was within 1%/1 mm vs 2%/1 mm for film. Sector uniformity was found to be within 1% for all eight sectors measured using an ionization chamber. Verification of UCP and RFP coincidence using the MicroDiamond detector and pinprick film test was within 0.3 mm at isocenter for both. Conclusion: The annual QA of a LGK Icon was successfully performed by employing filmless techniques. Comparable results were obtained using radiochromic films. Utilizing active detectors instead of films simplifies the QA process and saves time without loss of accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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30. Technical Note: Deformable image registration on partially matched images for radiotherapy applications

Author

Yang, Deshan, Goddu, S. Murty, Lu, Wei, Pechenaya, Olga L., Wu, Yu, Deasy, Joseph O., El Naqa, Issam, and Low, Daniel A.

Subjects
Reproducibility of Results, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Sensitivity and Specificity, Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted, Pattern Recognition, Automated, Radiographic Image Enhancement, Radiation Imaging Physics, Artificial Intelligence, Subtraction Technique, Humans, Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Radiotherapy, Conformal, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Algorithms
Abstract

In radiation therapy applications, deformable image registrations (DIRs) are often carried out between two images that only partially match. Image mismatching could present as superior-inferior coverage differences, field-of-view (FOV) cutoffs, or motion crossing the image boundaries. In this study, the authors propose a method to improve the existing DIR algorithms so that DIR can be carried out in such situations. The basic idea is to extend the image volumes and define the extension voxels (outside the FOV or outside the original image volume) as NaN (not-a-number) values that are transparent to all floating-point computations in the DIR algorithms. Registrations are then carried out with one additional rule that NaN voxels can match any voxels. In this way, the matched sections of the images are registered properly, and the mismatched sections of the images are registered to NaN voxels. This method makes it possible to perform DIR on partially matched images that otherwise are difficult to register. It may also improve DIR accuracy, especially near or in the mismatched image regions.

Published
2009

35. QA for helical tomotherapy: Report of the AAPM Task Group 148a)

Author

Langen, Katja M., primary, Papanikolaou, Niko, additional, Balog, John, additional, Crilly, Richard, additional, Followill, David, additional, Goddu, S. Murty, additional, Grant, Walter, additional, Olivera, Gustavo, additional, Ramsey, Chester R., additional, and Shi, Chengyu, additional

Published
2010
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50. Technical Note: Deformable image registration on partially matched images for radiotherapy applications.

Author

Deshan Yang, Goddu, S. Murty, Wei Lu, Pechenaya, Olga L., Yu Wu, Deasy, Joseph O., El Naqa, Issam, and Low, Daniel A.

Subjects
*RADIOTHERAPY, *MEDICAL radiology, *MEDICAL electronics, *HOSPITAL radiological services, *IMAGING systems
Abstract

In radiation therapy applications, deformable image registrations (DIRs) are often carried out between two images that only partially match. Image mismatching could present as superior-inferior coverage differences, field-of-view (FOV) cutoffs, or motion crossing the image boundaries. In this study, the authors propose a method to improve the existing DIR algorithms so that DIR can be carried out in such situations. The basic idea is to extend the image volumes and define the extension voxels (outside the FOV or outside the original image volume) as NaN (not-a-number) values that are transparent to all floating-point computations in the DIR algorithms. Registrations are then carried out with one additional rule that NaN voxels can match any voxels. In this way, the matched sections of the images are registered properly, and the mismatched sections of the images are registered to NaN voxels. This method makes it possible to perform DIR on partially matched images that otherwise are difficult to register. It may also improve DIR accuracy, especially near or in the mismatched image regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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