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Abstract Background Wheezing is a common symptom in infants and toddlers. Usually it occurs due to viral infection of the lower airways and no further diagnostic procedures are necessary. However in rare cases, other reasons such as anatomical malformation have to be considered. Case presentation We report about an infant with recurrent episodes of wheezy bronchitis, which persisted despite adequate therapy. Bronchoscopy and computed tomography of the lung with three-dimensional reconstruction revealed a rare bronchial branching anomaly - the so called “bridging bronchus”. In contrast to previous case reports, this infant showed no additional malformations, which seems to be important for the prognosis. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge this is the first report about a patient with a bridging bronchus in its “original form” without associated anomalies of the trachea-bronchial system or other organs.

Background: The safety of gadolinium-based contrast agents is a hot topic in radiology. Purpose: To evaluate the safety profile of gadobutrol during routine use. Material and Methods: Prospective, non-interventional study in 80 centers in Germany. The primary outcome was the number of adverse drug reactions (ADR) following gadobutrol administration. Results: A total of 3710 patients were included in the analysis, including 404 children (10.9%). A total of 6026 magnetic resonance imaging examinations of organs/organ systems and 872 magnetic resonance angiography examinations were performed. A total of 22 (0.59%) patients experienced at least one ADR. Nausea and vomiting were the most frequent ADRs, experienced by nine (0.24%) and three (0.08%) patients, respectively. One serious ADR was recorded (anaphylactoid reaction). No deaths were reported. Conclusion: This non-interventional study in 3710 patients confirmed gadobutrol as a safe and reliable contrast agent in adults and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) increasingly require imaging for the diagnosis of abdominal complications. We prospectively evaluated the image quality and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a modern radial volumetric encoding (RAVE) T2/T1 hybrid sequence for abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RAVET2/T1 is a three-dimensional radial sequence with fat saturation and blood flow suppression that acquires T2- and T1-weighted contrasts in one scan in an identical slice position during free-breathing.Methods: Sixteen CF patients underwent axial T2 HASTE (1000 ms/93 ms TR/TE), T1 DIXON (6.8 ms/2.4 ms/4.8 ms TR/TE1/TE2), and RAVE T2/T1 hybrid sequence (1200 ms/1.7 ms/3.3 ms/4.9 ms/102 ms TR/TE1/TE2/TE3/TE4) of the upper abdomen at 1.5 Tesla. The SNR values in six different regions were assessed and compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The image quality criteria were rated on a 5-point Likert scale.Results: In all regions, the SNR was significantly higher in the T2 weighted aspect of the RAVE T2/T1 hybrid sequence compared to T2 HASTE (p < 0.05) and significantly lower in the T1 weighted in-phase aspect of the RAVE T2/T1 hybrid sequence compared to the T1 DIXON sequence (p < 0.05). Qualitatively the T2 weighted aspect of the RAVE T2/T1 hybrid sequence was rated significantly higher than the T2 HASTE in 6 of 7 categories (p < 0.05) and the T1 weighted in-phase aspect of the RAVE T2/T1 hybrid sequence was rated significantly higher than the T1 DIXON in 2 of 6 categories (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The abdominal radial RAVE T2/T1 hybrid sequence provided higher image quality and SNR than the T2HASTEsequence. Together with increased robustness against motion artifacts, the RAVE T2/T1 hybrid sequence appears to be a good tool for abdominal imaging in CF patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Objectives: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) increasingly require imaging for the diagnosis of abdominal complications. We prospectively evaluated the image quality and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a modern radial volumetric encoding (RAVE) T 2 /T 1 hybrid sequence for abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RAVET 2 /T 1 is a three-dimensional radial sequence with fat saturation and blood flow suppression that acquires T 2 - and T 1 -weighted contrasts in one scan in an identical slice position during free-breathing., Methods: Sixteen CF patients underwent axial T 2 HASTE (1000 ms/93 ms TR/TE), T 1 DIXON (6.8 ms/2.4 ms/4.8 ms TR/TE 1 /TE 2 ), and RAVE T 2 /T 1 hybrid sequence (1200 ms/1.7 ms/3.3 ms/4.9 ms/102 ms TR/TE 1 /TE 2 /TE 3 /TE 4 ) of the upper abdomen at 1.5 Tesla. The SNR values in six different regions were assessed and compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The image quality criteria were rated on a 5-point Likert scale., Results: In all regions, the SNR was significantly higher in the T 2 weighted aspect of the RAVE T 2 /T 1 hybrid sequence compared to T 2 HASTE (p < 0.05) and significantly lower in the T 1 weighted in-phase aspect of the RAVE T 2 /T 1 hybrid sequence compared to the T 1 DIXON sequence (p < 0.05). Qualitatively the T 2 weighted aspect of the RAVE T 2 /T 1 hybrid sequence was rated significantly higher than the T 2 HASTE in 6 of 7 categories (p < 0.05) and the T 1 weighted in-phase aspect of the RAVE T 2 /T 1 hybrid sequence was rated significantly higher than the T 1 DIXON in 2 of 6 categories (p < 0.05)., Conclusions: The abdominal radial RAVE T 2 /T 1 hybrid sequence provided higher image quality and SNR than the T 2 HASTEsequence. Together with increased robustness against motion artifacts, the RAVE T 2 /T 1 hybrid sequence appears to be a good tool for abdominal imaging in CF patients., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)