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Objective To evaluate red-complex bacteria (RCB) loads in edentulous patients, before and after dentures’ insertion. Materials and Methods Thirty patients were included in the study. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) isolated from bacterial samples were obtained from the dorsum of the tongue before and 3 months after complete dentures (CDs) insertion in order to identify the presence of RCB (Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Treponema denticola) and quantify their loads, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Bacterial loads were represented as “Lg (genome equivalents/sample)” and the data classified according to the “ParodontoScreen” test. Results Significant changes in bacterial loads were observed before and 3 months after the CDs insertion for Porphyromonas gingivalis (0.40 ±0.90 vs 1.29 ±1.64, p = 0.0007), Tannerella forsythia (0.36 ±0.94 vs 0.87 ±1.45, p = 0.005), and Treponema denticola (0.11 ±0.41 vs 0.33 ±0.75, p = 0.03). Before the CDs insertion, all patients had a normal bacterial prevalence range (100%) for all analyzed bacteria. Three months after the insertion, 2 (6.7%) of them had a moderate bacterial prevalence range for Porphyromonas gingivalis, while 28 (93.3%) had a normal bacterial prevalence range. Conclusion The use of CDs has a significant impact on increasing RCB loads in edentulous patients.

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the distribution of color parameters, lightness (L*), chroma (C), hue (H), a* and b*, in the intercanine sector in maxilla. Material and Methods: Patients' tooth color measurements were performed using an intraoral spectrophotometer VITA Easyshade® (VITA Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH and Co. KG, Bad Sackingen, Germany). The measurements were made in 255 subjects in the intercanine sector in maxilla. Results: The mean values for the group of 255 subjects were as follows: L*, a*, b*, C, and H as 81.6, 0.67, 21.6, 21.7, and 92.7, respectively. For F=206.27 and P < 0.001 between L*, a*, b*, C, H, and central incisor/lateral incisor/canines, there were statistically significant differences. Conclusion: With the statistical analysis, it was determined that there are significant color differences between the teeth of the intercanine sector, which differences are clinically significant also.

Razvoj antropometrijskog profila kraniofacijalne regije određene populacije važan je multidisciplinarni zadatak. Svrha istraživanja bila je utvrditi antropometrijske mjere i istražiti spolni dimorfizam s obzirom na varijable lica među odraslom populacijom kosovskih Albanaca. Ispitanici i metode: Uzorak je uključivao 204 studenta Stomatoloskog Odseka, Medicinskog Fakulteta, Sveuciliste u Pristini, Kosova. Direktnom metodom na svakom je subjektu provedeno 8 standardnih antropometrijskih mjerenja na licu digitalnom pomičnom mjerkom s točnošću od 0,01 mm (Boss, Hamburg, Njemačka). Izračunati su normativni podaci i rangovi postotaka. Analizirane su spolne razlike u varijablama lica s pomoću t-testa za neovisne uzorke (p < 0,05). Za svaku dobivenu mjeru lica izračunat je indeks spolnog dimorfizma (ISD) i postotak spolnog dimorfizma. Rezultati: Normativni podaci za sva antropometrijska mjerenja lica kod muškaraca bili su veći nego kod žena. Muške prosječne standardne vrijednosti statistički su se značajno razlikovale od ženskih (p > 0,05). Najveći indeks spolnog dimorfizma (ISD-a) pronađen je za visinu donje trećine lica s 1,120, za koju je utvrđen i najveći postotak spolnog dimorfizma, 12,01 %. Najmanji ISD pronađen je za interkantalnu udaljenost s 1,022, uz najmanji postotak spolnog dimorfizma, tj. 2,23 %. Zaključak: Na temelju dobivenih rezultata uspostavljene su antropometrijske norme lica za odraslu populaciju kosovskih Albanaca. Spolni dimorfizam potvrđen je za svaku mjeru lica., The development of an anthropometric craniofacial database is a necessary multidisciplinary proposal. Aim: The aim of this study was to establish facial anthropometric norms and to investigate into sexual dimorphism in facial variables among Kosovo Albanian adults. Materials and Methods: The sample included 204 students of Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina. Using direct anthropometry, a series of 8 standard facial measurements was taken on each subject with digital caliper with an accuracy of 0.01 mm (Boss, Hamburg-Germany). The normative data and percentile rankings were calculated. Gender differences in facial variables were analyzed using t- test for independent samples (p0.05).The highest index of sexual dimorphism (ISD) was found for the lower facial height 1.120, for which the highest percentage of sexual dimorphism, 12.01%., was also found. The lowest ISD was found for intercanthal width, 1.022, accompanied with the lowest percentage of sexual dimorphism, 2.23%. Conclusion: The obtained results have established the facial anthropometric norms among Kosovo Albanian adults. Sexual dimorphism has been confirmed for each facial measurement.

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el dimorfismo sexual en el diente incisivo central superior permanente en una poblacion albanesa de Kosovo utilizando diametros lineales de las copas, modulo de corona (MC) y el indice de la corona (IC). La muestra del estudio consistio en 204 estudiantes de odontologia, seleccionados de la Escuela de Odontologia, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Pristina, Republica de Kosovo. Se tomaron mediciones mesiodistales (MD) y diametros bucolinguales (BL) de la corona de los dientes incisivos superiores permanentes izquierdo y derecho, en modelos dentales, utilizando un calibrador digital electronico Boss (Hamburgo ­ Alemania) con una precision de ± 0,01 mm. Se calculo la estadistica descriptiva, t-test y porcentaje de dimorfismo sexual en los diametros lineales de coronas dentales y los indices del diente incisivo central superior. Los resultados mostraron una diferencia estadisticamente significativa en MD (p

Svrha: Namjera je bila istražiti spolni dimorfizam trajnih mandibularnih, donjočeljusnih očnjaka u albanskoj populaciji na Kosovu. Metode: Uzorak su činila 204 studenta stomatologije, svi odabrani na Stomatološkom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Prištini. Meziodistalni (MD) i bukolingvalni (BL) promjeri mandibularnih kanina (očnjaka) digitalnim su mjeračem (Boss, Njemačka) izmjereni na sadrenim modelima. Rezultati: Nakon deskriptivne statistike i t-testa rezultati su pokazali da je u albanskoj populaciji na Kosovu meziodistalni i bukolingvalni promjer mandibularnih očnjaka veći kod muškaraca negoli kod žena te da je razlika statistički značajna (P, Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the sexual dimorphism of the permanent mandibular canines in Albanian population of Kosovo. Methods: The study sample consisted of 204 dental students, selected from Dental School, Faculty of Medicine at University of Prishtina. The mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) diameters of the mandibular canines were measured in dental cast using electronic digital calliper (Boss, Germany), which has an accuracy ± 0.01 mm. Results: The descriptive statistics and t-test were used. The results showed that in Kosovo-Albanian population mesiodistal and buccolingual diameter of the mandibular canines was larger in males than in females and the difference was statistically significant (P

The aim was to adapt the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) and to test psychometric properties of the Albanian language version in the cultural environment of the Republic of Kosovo. Methods The OES questionnaire was translated from the original English version according to the accepted techniques. The reliability (internal consistency), and validity (construct, convergent and discriminative) were tested in 169 subjects, test-retest in 61 dental students (DS), and responsiveness in 51 prosthodontic patients with treatment needs (PPTN). Results The corrected item correlation coefficients of OES-ALB ranged from 0.686 to 0.909. The inter-item correlation coefficient ranged between 0.572 and 0.919. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.961 and IIC 0.758. Test- retest was confirmed by good ICCs and by no significant differences of the OES scores through the period of 14 days without any orofacial changes (p > 0.05). Construct validity was proved by the presence of one-factor composition that assumed 79.079 % of the variance. Convergent validity showed significant correlation between one general question about satisfaction with orofacial esthetics and the OES summary score, as well as between the sum of the 3 OHIP-ALB49 questions related to orofacial aesthetics and the OES summary score. Discriminative validity was confirmed with statistically significant differences between DS, prosthodontic patients without treatment need and PPTN (p

Los indices cefalicos y faciales se utilizan para estimar las diferencias raciales y de sexo. Este estudio se llevo a cabo para establecer estandares para las variables y la distribucion de los indices cefalicos y faciales en la poblacion de Kosovo- Albanesa. Se examinaron 204 estudiantes de odontologia (101 hombres y 103 mujeres entre 18 y 30 anos). Se midieron cuatro variables craneofaciales basicas (longitud de la cabeza, ancho de la cabeza, altura facial morfologica y ancho facial) para obtener los indices cefalicos y faciales. Todas las variables medidas craneofaciales fueron considerablemente mas altas en los hombres que en las mujeres (p

BACKGROUND: The new Chewing Function Questionnaire (CFQ) was lately developed in Croatia to measure the chewing ability in prosthodontic patients, as a one-dimensional instrument consisting of 10- items. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop an Albanian version of the CFQ questionnaire and to test its psychometric properties in a new typical environment among the Kosovo population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The original version of CFQ questionnaire was translated and cross-culturally adapted from the English language into Albanian in accordance with international guidelines. Its validity (construct, convergent and discriminative) and internal consistency (reliability) were tested in 205 participants. Test-retest reliability was evaluated in 61 subjects with natural teeth, and responsiveness was evaluated in 51 prosthodontic patients with treatment needs. RESULTS: Internal consistency of CFQ-ALB indicated excellent agreement, with Cronbach's alpha values of 0.974 and average inter-item correlation of 0.792. Intraclass correlation coeficinets for test-retest were found without significant differences by 95 % of confidence intervals (p > 0.05). Construct validity was supported by a single factor that accounted for 81.711 % of the variance observed. Convergent validity was supported by the association between self-reported general satisfactions with chewing and CFQ summary scores. Discriminat validity was supported as statistically significant differences were observed between pre-defined groups. Responsiveness was confirmed by the significant difference between baseline summary scores and the after treatment scores ; the mean change was 15.57 (SD =2.49) (p