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Mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) are generally poorly studied, and our knowledge of lower MCEs (below 60 m depth) is largely limited to visual surveys. Here, we provide a first detailed assessment of the prokaryotic community associated with scleractinian corals over a depth gradient to the lower mesophotic realm (15-85 m). Specimens of three Caribbean coral species exhibiting differences in their depth distribution ranges (Agaricia grahamae, Madracis pharensis and Stephanocoenia intersepta) were collected with a manned submersible on the island of Curaçao, and their prokaryotic communities assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Corals with narrower depth distribution ranges (depth-specialists) were associated with a stable prokaryotic community, whereas corals with a broader niche range (depth-generalists) revealed a higher variability in their prokaryotic community. The observed depth effects match previously described patterns in Symbiodinium depth zonation. This highlights the contribution of structured microbial communities over depth to the coral's ability to colonize a broader depth range.

The article reports on the use of sliders anchored on mini dental implants to move teeth physically to the mesial or distal without loss of anchoring. Sliders consist of a large number of individual components. The sliding tube connects the molar band with the slider attached directly to the mini implants. The insertion end of the sliding tube is inserted into the palatal lock of the molar band, whereas the sliding tube is moved along the sliding wire.

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Copyright of Kieferorthopädie: die Zeitschrift für die Praxis is the property of Quintessenz Verlags GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article reports on the treatment of a 15-year old female patient with the Herbst appliance and the resulting short- and long-term changes to the posterior airway space. The diagnosis is presented along with the treatment progress and results featuring magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) records taken at four points of the treatment. The findings from the cephalometric analysis is discussed concerning the effect of the insertion of the Herbst appliance on the posterior airway space (PAS).

The article provides anatomical guidelines for miniscrew insertion in anterior palate which had been considered as one of the best sites for orthodontic miniscrews or palatal implants. It notes that the main factor that determines the success of minicrew placement is the quantity of surrounding bone may it be in the buccal alveolus or the palate. It also discusses the disadvantage of using radiographic method in insertion though it has been proven to be more reliable than clinical observation.

The article focuses on the study featuring the use of mini-implants for temporary orthodontic anchorage indicating a preference for interradicular screen insertion on the vestibular side. It notes the factors in selecting the interradicular insertion site including the biomechanics of the chosen appliance and dimensions of the mini-implant. It states that only the interdental spaces are excellent for miniscrew placements because sufficient bone width is to be expected only in those locations.

The article focuses on the aid of the skeletal frog appliance for molar distalization in class II malocclusions. It says that the simplified molar distalizer or frog appliance produces side effects such as anterior protrusion. It states that the skeletal frog appliance is designed following the biomechanical principles of the K Pendulum to provide distalization without side effects. It adds that it allows alignment and leveling of the maxillary arch, which offer less treatment time.