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197 results on '"Glaser, Jochen"'

1. A Methodological Study for Measuring the Diversity of Science

Author

Schmidt, Marion, Glaser, Jochen, Havemann, Frank, and Heinz, Michael

Subjects
BB. Bibliometric methods, B. Information use and sociology of information
Abstract

Inspired by the hypothesis that diversity of research might decline as a result of new science policy measures (e.g., evaluation-based funding), we seek to explore bibliometric methods to analyse the structure of research landscapes. The task is to make quantitative changes in the diversity of research landscapes measurable and therefore comparable in time series as well as between different countries

Published
2006

3. From Apprentice to Colleague: The Metamorphosis of Early Career Researchers

Author

Laudel, Grit and Glaser, Jochen

Abstract

While the studies of Early Career Researchers (ECRs) have contributed politically important insights into factors hindering ECRs, they have not yet achieved a theoretical understanding of the causal mechanisms that are at work in the transition from dependent to independent research. This paper positions the early career phase in a theoretical framework that combines approaches from the sociology of science and organisational sociology and emphasises the transitional process. In this framework, the early career phase is considered as containing a status passage from the apprentice to the colleague state of their career in their scientific communities. In order to capture the mechanisms underlying this transition, it is important to analyse the interactions of these careers as they unfold over time. The usefulness of this approach is demonstrated with a pilot study of Australian ECRs. We show (a) that misalignments of the three careers stretch the transition phase; (b) that the two major factors affecting the transition are a successful PhD and a research-intensive phase prior to normal academic employment; and (c) that the most important condition hindering the transition is the lack of time for research. It can be concluded that as a result of a "market failure" of the university system, the transition from dependent to independent research is currently being relocated to a phase between the PhD and the first academic position.

Published
2008
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4. Tensions between Evaluations and Communication Practices

Author

Laudel, Grit and Glaser, Jochen

Abstract

When publications are used in the evaluation of research performance, tensions between the simplifying, standardizing approaches of evaluations and the communication practices of scientific communities are likely to arise. An analysis of data gathered in an evaluation at the Australian National University demonstrates that many academic disciplines employ communication channels that are recognized neither by the current Australian funding formulae for university research nor by universities' internal evaluation systems that mirror those formulae. This discrepancy has the potential to distort the communication practices and, ultimately, the production of knowledge in some fields. (Contains 3 tables.)

Published
2006

13. The Discovery of Causal Mechanisms: Extractive Qualitative Content Analysis as a Tool for Process Tracing

Author

Glaser, Jochen and Laudel, Grit

Subjects
qualitative content analysis, causal mechanism, process tracing, case studies, structured focused comparison, comparative methodology, qualitative Inhaltsanalyse, kausale Mechanismen, Process Tracing, kausale Rekonstruktion, Fallstudien, strukturierter fokussierter Vergleich, vergleichende Methodologie
Abstract

Wir möchten mit diesem Artikel zur methodologischen Diskussion über die Eignung qualitativer Methoden für spezifische Zwecke beitragen, indem wir die Rolle der extrahierenden qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse in der Entdeckung kausaler Mechanismen diskutieren. Die empirische Identifizierung kausaler Mechanismen wird in der methodologischen Literatur als Process Tracing bezeichnet. Allerdings wird die Literatur durch die Idee dominiert, Process Tracing würde das Vorhandensein eines hypothetischen Mechanismus testen. Wir betonen dagegen die Entdeckung kausaler Mechanismen auf der Basis einer kausalen Rekonstruktion, wie sie von MAYNTZ (2009 [2002], 2016) vorgeschlagen wurde. Wir identifizieren die extrahierende qualitative Inhaltsanalyse als eine distinkte qualitative Methode und spezifizieren ihr Ergebnis als eine strukturierte Informationsbasis, die für die Rekonstruktion sozialer Situationen und Prozesse genutzt werden kann. Eine solche Informationsbasis ist ein wichtiger Ausgangspunkt für die Kausalanalyse. Wir demonstrieren die Rolle der extrahierenden qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse an einer empirischen Studie von LAUDEL und BIELICK (2018), in der die Mechanismen identifiziert wurden, die zur Entstehung individueller Forschungsprogramme von Nachwuchswissenschaftler_innen führen., With this article, we seek to contribute to the methodological discussion about the fit of qualitative methods for specific purposes by examining the role that extractive qualitative content analysis (EQCA) can play in the discovery of causal mechanisms. The methodological literature on the empirical identification of causal mechanisms (an approach called process tracing) has been dominated by the idea of empirically testing the presence of hypothesized mechanisms. We argue for the discovery of causal mechanisms on the basis of causal reconstruction as suggested by MAYNTZ (2009 [2002], 2016). We establish EQCA as a distinct qualitative method and specify its outcome—namely, a structured information base that can be used for the reconstruction of social situations and processes. Such an information base is an important source for causal analysis. We demonstrate the role of EQCA in process tracing with an empirical study by LAUDEL and BIELICK (2018), who discovered the mechanisms that produce individual research programs of early career researchers.

Published
2019

16. Compounds with the electron-rich [[[W.sub.6][Cl.sub.18]].sup.2-] cluster anion

Author

Tragl, Sonja, Strobele, Markus, Glaser, Jochen, Vicent, Cristian, Llusar, Rosa, and Meyer, H.-Jorgen

Subjects
Ammonium chloride -- Chemical properties, Ammonium chloride -- Structure, Ammonium compounds -- Chemical properties, Ammonium compounds -- Structure, Ammonium paratungstate -- Chemical properties, Ammonium paratungstate -- Structure, Methanol -- Chemical properties, Tetrahydrofuran -- Chemical properties, Tetrahydrofuran -- Structure, Chemistry
Published
2009

22. Science (Wissenschaft)

Author

Glaser, Jochen, Lange, Stefan, Glaser, Jochen, and Lange, Stefan

Published
2007

25. Intraorganisational Evaluation: Are There Least Evaluable Units?

Author

Glaser, Jochen, Spurling, Thomas, Butler, Linda, Glaser, Jochen, Spurling, Thomas, and Butler, Linda

Abstract

An increasing number of universities and research organisations are introducing internal evaluations which are often based on quantitative indicators. However, it is likely that a 'least evaluable unit' (LEU) exists in every research organisation, and that below this level many standard quantitative performance indicators no longer provide a valid measure of performance. In this paper, the LEU of a research organisation is identified by analysing retrospective performance evaluations at different levels of aggregation and enhancing their interpretation with the detailed knowledge of the organisation's senior manager. The main obstacles to further disaggregation below the LEU are that indicators lose their statistical validity because of low numbers of publications and that the performance of subunits cannot be independently measured. The latter phenomenon is heightened at the level of scientists because work roles emerged that further clouded the application of performance measures to individuals.

Published
2004

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