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9. Rapid climate changes and human dynamics during the holocene in the eastern mediterranean (Lower Strymon Valley, northern Greece)

Author

López-Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur, Lespez, Laurent, López-Sáez, José Antonio, Tsirtsoni, Zoï, Virmoux, Clément, Ghilardi, Matthieu, Davidson, Robert, Malamidou, Dimitra, Pavlopoulos, Kosmas, López-Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur, Lespez, Laurent, López-Sáez, José Antonio, Tsirtsoni, Zoï, Virmoux, Clément, Ghilardi, Matthieu, Davidson, Robert, Malamidou, Dimitra, and Pavlopoulos, Kosmas

Abstract

The study was conducted in the southern part of the lower Strymon valley, in northern Greece, and revealed up to 25 m of fluvio-lacustrine sediments deposited over the last seven millennia. This sedimentary record represents a significant opportunity for high-resolution palaeoenvironmental studies of the period from 6 to 3 ka cal BP linked to land use and climate change. The results of geophysical investigations, multi-proxy sedimentological (grain size, magnetic susceptibility, loss-on-ignition), pollen and NPP analyses, based on high-precision radiocarbon dating enabled reconstruction of past landscapes as well as a comprehensive discussion of anthropogenic responses and their impact on the vegetation cover, especially during periods with well-known Holocene Rapid Climate Change events (5.6, 4.2 and 3.2 ka cal BP)., During the 7–5.7 ka cal BP corresponding to the Late and Final Neolithic, wet conditions created an extended lake surrounded by the densely wooded Strymon watershed, followed by a shift to a shallower lake environment that lasted until ca. 4.5 ka cal BP. The continuous presence of anthropogenic taxa suggests the persistence of human activities even in the absence of formally recognized sites, suggesting the relocation of settlements. The first signs of human disturbance of the landscape at regional scale occurred toward 5.2 ka cal BP (onset of the Early Bronze Age). The so-called « 4.2 ka BP event », which coincided with the end of the Early Bronze Age and the transition to the Middle Bronze Age, is divided into three distinct periods (4.35–4.1, 4.1–3.95 and 3.95–3.75 ka cal BP). The first corresponds to gradual aridification before a period with severe dry conditions that marks a tipping point toward wetland contraction. From this period on, diversification, and multiplication of anthropogenic species including Olea, Juglans and Castanea reflect a global trend toward cultural landscapes. The later periods are characterized by dramatic climatic change around 3.2–3 ka cal BP, at the end of Late Bronze Age, and increasing impacts of agro-pastoral activities and forest clearing starting at the beginning of Antiquity, around 2.8 ka cal BP (Thracian period). After the 4.2 ka cal BP event and we suggest that climatic adversity may have acted as a stimulus to innovation and relocation rather than retarding societal development in the region. To conclude, environmental factors in the lower Strymon valley were not sufficient on their own to trigger a social crisis similar to that mentioned in the Middle East.

Published
2023

16. Chapter 11. Beyond determinism

Author

Lespez, Laurent, primary, Tsirtsoni, Zoï, additional, Sáez, José-Antonio López, additional, Drézen, Yann Le, additional, Glais, Arthur, additional, and Davidson, Robert, additional

Published
2015
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17. Chapitre XI. Dépasser le déterminisme

Author

Lespez, Laurent, primary, Tsirtsoni, Zoï, additional, Sáez, José-Antonio López, additional, Drézen, Yann Le, additional, Glais, Arthur, additional, and Davidson, Robert, additional

Published
2015
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18. Phytosociological and ecological discrimination of Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) communities in Crete (Greece) by means of pollen analysis.

Author

López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Tsiripidis, Ioannis [0000-0001-9373-676X], Tsiftsis, Spyros [0000-0002-3389-9089], Sánchez Mata, Daniel [0000-0001-6910-4949], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], López Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Tsiftsis, Spyros, Sánchez Mata, Daniel, Lespez, Laurent, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Tsiripidis, Ioannis [0000-0001-9373-676X], Tsiftsis, Spyros [0000-0002-3389-9089], Sánchez Mata, Daniel [0000-0001-6910-4949], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], López Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Tsiftsis, Spyros, Sánchez Mata, Daniel, and Lespez, Laurent

Abstract

[EN] Sixty modern surface samples collected from mosses in different cypress forest communities (Cupressus sempervirens L.) on the island of Crete (Greece) were analysed for their pollen content. The samples were taken from six different cypress phytosociological associations between 23 and 1600 m asl, and fall within distinct rainfall and temperature regimes. The aims of this paper are to provide new data on the modern pollen rain from the Aegean islands, and to perform these data using multivariate statistics (hierarchical cluster analysis and canonical correspondence analysis) and pollen percentages. The discrimination of pollen assemblages corresponds to a large extent to the floristic differentiation of Cupressus sempervirens forest vegetation and indicates the existence of three new associations, [ES] Sesenta muestras de lluvia polínica actual recolectadas en cepellones de musgos, procedentes de distintas comunidades de ciprés (Cupressus sempervirens L.) en la isla de Creta (Grecia), fueron analizadas palinológicamente. Las muestras proceden de seis asociaciones fitosociológicas dominadas por el ciprés entre 23 y 1600 m asl, bajo regímenes de precipitación y temperatura diferentes. El objetivo de este trabajo es prover datos novedosos acerca de la lluvia polínica actual en las islas del Egeo, así como tratar éstos mediante análisis multivariantes (análisis de cluster jerárquico y análisis de correspondencias canónicas) y a partir de sus porcentajes polínicos. La discriminación de los espectros polínicos corresponde en gran medida a la diferenciación florística de la vegetación de los bosques de Cupressus sempervirens e indica la existencia de tres nuevas asociaciones

Published
2019

19. Modern pollen-vegetation relationships along an altitudinal transect in the Lefka Ori massif (western Crete, Greece).

Author

López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Tsiftsis, Spyros [0000-0002-3389-9089], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], López Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, Tsiftsis, Spyros, Lespez, Laurent, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Tsiftsis, Spyros [0000-0002-3389-9089], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], López Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, Tsiftsis, Spyros, and Lespez, Laurent

Abstract

The paucity of modern pollen rain data from the Aegean islands is a significant barrier to understand the lateQuaternary vegetation history of this globally important south-eastern Mediterranean region. This paper pre-sents the study of 30 modern pollen and non-pollen palynomorph assemblages carried out along an altitudinalgradient from 0 to 2453 m in the Lefka Ori massif (eastern Crete, Greece). This research aimed to analyze lowlandand highland pollen and NPP in relation to vegetation, climate and grazing, and to evaluate the regional and localsignificance of modern pollen deposition. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that altitude, precipitationof the driest month, annual mean temperature, precipitation seasonality and grazing are the most significantvariables to explain pollen and NPP variability in this area. It also made it possible to characterize pollen andNPP indicators of types of highland and lowland vegetation and grazing pressure. Results obtained corroboratethe significant role of coprophilous fungi as local indicators of herbivores in south-eastern Mediterranean mountain areas and suggest the local presence of domestic animals.

Published
2018

20. Reconstructing past arboreal cover based on modern and fossil pollen data: A statistical approach for the Gredos Range (Central Spain).

Author

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Broothaerts, Nils [0000-0002-8605-9657], Abel Schaad, Daniel [0000-0003-3915-8342], Pérez Díaz, Sebastián [0000-0002-2702-0058], Alba Sánchez, Francisca [0000-0003-0387-1533], Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes [0000-0002-4505-2416], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Broothaerts, Nils, Robles López, Sandra, Abel Schaad, Daniel, Pérez Díaz, Sebastián, Alba Sánchez, Francisca, Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes, Glais, Arthur, López Sáez, José Antonio, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Broothaerts, Nils [0000-0002-8605-9657], Abel Schaad, Daniel [0000-0003-3915-8342], Pérez Díaz, Sebastián [0000-0002-2702-0058], Alba Sánchez, Francisca [0000-0003-0387-1533], Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes [0000-0002-4505-2416], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Broothaerts, Nils, Robles López, Sandra, Abel Schaad, Daniel, Pérez Díaz, Sebastián, Alba Sánchez, Francisca, Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes, Glais, Arthur, and López Sáez, José Antonio

Abstract

Quantifying and reconstructing past vegetation changes is an important step to fully understand human-environment interactions in the past. In this study we present a reconstruction of arboreal cover of six studysites in the Gredos Range (central Spain) over the last 3000 yr based on multivariate statistical analysis (clusteranalysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling, NMDS) of 186 modern pollen samples, modern vegetationdata and six detailed fossil pollen records. The integrated approach allows distinguishing eight modern vegeta-tion communities and linking the fossil pollen records with these vegetation communities as modern analogues.The information of the arboreal cover of the modern pollen sites was used to estimate the past arboreal cover ofthe fossil pollen sites in the Gredos Range. This estimated arboreal cover shows a higher level of landscape open-ness than suggested by the original pollen percentages data. Our results show that the evolution of the arborealcover through time differs along an altitudinal gradient, with a decrease in arboreal cover during the Roman andVisigoth periods (2000–1240 cal BP) at low altitudes and only during the Christian/Feudal period (850–500 calBP) at high altitudes. The applied methodology, integrating fossil pollen data with modern pollen and vegetationdata in one NMDS, allows reconstructing past arboreal cover in a quantitative way.

Published
2018

21. Археологически и геоархеологически проучвания на пласт от ранната брозова епоха на селищна могила Химитлиятя, землището на с. Сокол, общ. Нова Загора

Author

Leshtakov, Krassimir, Ilieva, Denitsa, Tsirtsoni, Zoï, Glais, Arthur, Université de Sofia St. Kliment Ohridski, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Labex DynamiTe, Université Sveti Kliment Ohridksi Sofia, ANR-11-LABX-0046,Dynamite,Dynamiques Territoriales et spatiales(2011), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Protohistoire égéenne (ProtoEgéenne), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Bronze Age, paleoenvironment, Thrace, Core drilling, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, excavation, occupation sequence, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

National audience

Published
2020

22. Human-shaped landscape history in NE Greece. A palaeoenvironmental perspective.

Author

Junta de Andalucía, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Vannière, Boris [0000-0002-6779-6053], Glais, Arthur, Lezpez, L, Vannière, Boris, López Sáez, José Antonio, Junta de Andalucía, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Vannière, Boris [0000-0002-6779-6053], Glais, Arthur, Lezpez, L, Vannière, Boris, and López Sáez, José Antonio

Abstract

Following palaeobotanical, sedimentological and archaeological research recently conducted on and around the tell of Dikili Tash (Eastern Macedonia, Greece), we present continuous palaeoenvironmental data on this multiperiod site. This study combines pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs), macro-charcoal and sedimentological analyses that are compared with archaeological data from the Middle Neolithic to Antiquity period. It provides an overview of the local environment near the former Tenaghi-Philippon marsh and a comprehensive view of human impact on vegetation cover in lowlands. As early as ca. 4550 cal BCE, an initial phase of change in vegetation cover, has been recorded. This period, in the Eastern Mediterranean region, is one of intensifying human activities and social interactions into the Balkan region, which resulting in the foundation and transformation of early Late Neolithic societies. Although the palynological record does not show the crops species grown, the intensive clearance resulted in the increase of open herbaceous landscapes with anthropogenic indicators. This, as well as the increase of macro-charcoal values strongly supports a more or less continuously shaping of the landscape by human induced fires. New tree species that also became established at this time include Olea and Castanea. The presence of three main formations can be argued from the Early Neolithic to Antiquity: (1) riparian vegetation, (2) oak woodlands and (3) open vegetation in the form of wooded grasslands. Beyond the responses to climate changes, the vegetation composition reflects a regionally diversified land management system as indicated by a greater diversity in cultivated or harvested plants. The study reveals two phases of decline in land use directly on the edge of the marsh, although indicators of anthropogenic disturbance of the vegetation never entirely disappear during these periods between 3900 and 3300 cal BCE at the transition from the Late Neolithic (LNII) to

Published
2017

23. Holocene demographic fluctuations, climate and erosion in the Mediterranean: A meta data-analysis

Author

Walsh, Kevin James, Berger, Jean-Francois, Roberts, Neil, Vanniere, Boris, Brown, A.G., Woodbridge, Jessie, Lespez, Laurent, Glais, Arthur, Palmisano, Alessio, Finné, Martin, and Verstraeten, Gert

Subjects
sense organs, skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract

As part of the Changing the Face of the Mediterranean Project, we consider how human pressure and concomitant erosion has affected a range of Mediterranean landscapes between the Neolithic and, in some cases, the post-medieval period. Part of this assessment comprises an investigation of relationships among palaeodemographic data, evidence for vegetation change and some consideration of rapid climate change events. The erosion data include recent or hitherto unpublished work from the authors. Where possible, we consider summed probabilities of 14C dates as well as the first published synthesis of all known optically stimulated luminescence dated sequences. The results suggest that while there were some periods when erosion took place contemporaneously across a number of regions, possibly induced by climate changes, more often than not, we see a complex and heterogeneous interplay of demographic and environmental changes that result in a mixed pattern of erosional activity across the Mediterranean.

Published
2019

24. The relationship between Holocene demographic fluctuations, climate and erosion in the Mediterranean: a meta-analysis

Author

Walsh, Kevin, Berger, J F, Roberts, Neil, Vanniere, Boris, Ghilardi, Matthieu, Brown, Antony, Woodbridge, Jessie, Lespez, Laurent, Estrany, Joan, Glais, Arthur, Palmisano, Alessio, Finne, Michael, and Verstraeten, Gert

Subjects
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Geosciences: 450, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450, sense organs, skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract

As part of the Changing the Face of the Mediterranean Project, we consider how human pressure and concomitant erosion has affected a range of Mediterranean landscapes between the Neolithic and, in some cases, the post-medieval period. Part of this assessment comprises an investigation of relationships among palaeodemographic data, evidence for vegetation change and some consideration of rapid climate change events. The erosion data include recent or hitherto unpublished work from the authors. Where possible, we consider summed probabilities of 14C dates as well as the first published synthesis of all known optically stimulated luminescence dated sequences. The results suggest that while there were some periods when erosion took place contemporaneously across a number of regions, possibly induced by climate changes, more often than not, we see a complex and heterogeneous interplay of demographic and environmental changes that result in a mixed pattern of erosional activity across the Mediterranean.

Published
2019

25. How geoarchaeological and paleoenvironmental approach can provide new insights in archaeological issues. A case study from Southeastern Balkans

Author

Glais, Arthur, Tsirtsoni, Zoï, Lespez, Laurent, Leshtakov, Krassimir, Petrova, Vanya, Todorova, Nadezhda, Tsirtsoni, Zoi, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Protohistoire égéenne (ProtoEgéenne), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Sofia St. Kliment Ohridski

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

26. Holocene demographic fluctuations, climate and erosion in the Mediterranean : A meta data-analysis

Author

Walsh, Kevin, Berger, Jean-François, Roberts, C. Neil, Vanniere, Boris, Ghilardi, Matthieu, Brown, Antony G., Woodbridge, Jessie, Lespez, Laurent, Estrany, Joan, Glais, Arthur, Palmisano, Alessio, Finné, Martin, Verstraeten, Gert, Walsh, Kevin, Berger, Jean-François, Roberts, C. Neil, Vanniere, Boris, Ghilardi, Matthieu, Brown, Antony G., Woodbridge, Jessie, Lespez, Laurent, Estrany, Joan, Glais, Arthur, Palmisano, Alessio, Finné, Martin, and Verstraeten, Gert

Abstract

As part of the Changing the Face of the Mediterranean Project, we consider how human pressure and concomitant erosion has affected a range of Mediterranean landscapes between the Neolithic and, in some cases, the post-medieval period. Part of this assessment comprises an investigation of relationships among palaeodemographic data, evidence for vegetation change and some consideration of rapid climate change events. The erosion data include recent or hitherto unpublished work from the authors. Where possible, we consider summed probabilities of 14C dates as well as the first published synthesis of all known optically stimulated luminescence dated sequences. The results suggest that while there were some periods when erosion took place contemporaneously across a number of regions, possibly induced by climate changes, more often than not, we see a complex and heterogeneous interplay of demographic and environmental changes that result in a mixed pattern of erosional activity across the Mediterranean.

Published
2019
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27. Phytosociological and ecological discrimination of Mediterranean cypress ('Cupressus sempervirens') communities in Crete (Greece) by means of pollen analysis

Author

López-Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Tsiftsis, Spyros, Sánchez-Mata, Daniel, Lespez, Laurent, López-Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Tsiftsis, Spyros, Sánchez-Mata, Daniel, and Lespez, Laurent

Abstract

Sixty modern surface samples collected from mosses in different cypress forest communities (Cupressus sempervirens L.) on the island of Crete (Greece) were analysed for their pollen content. The samples were taken from six different cypress phytosociological associations between 23 and 1600 m asl, and fall within distinct rainfall and temperature regimes. The aims of this paper are to provide new data on the modern pollen rain from the Aegean islands, and to perform these data using multivariate statistics (hierarchical cluster analysis and canonical correspondence analysis) and pollen percentages. The discrimination of pollen assemblages corresponds to a large extent to the floristic differentiation of Cupressus sempervirens forest vegetation and indicates the existence of three new associations.

Published
2019

28. Interactions Sociétés-Environnement en Macédoine orientale (Grèce du Nord) depuis le début de l’Holocène. Approche multiscalaire et paléoenvironnementale

Author

Glais, Arthur, Glais, arthur, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Université de Caen Normandie, Olivier Maquaire(olivier.maquaire@unicaen.fr), Laurent Lespez, José-Antonio López-Sáez, Normandie Université, and Olivier Maquaire

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Holocene, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Climate Change, Grèce du Nord, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Paysages méditerranéens, Northern Greece, Geomorphology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Palynology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Paleoenvironment, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Mediterranean landscape, Wetlands, Zones humides, Paléoenvironnement, Palynologie, Géomorphologie, Géoarchéologie, Grèce du Nord, Holocène, Changement climatique, Anthropisation, Paysages méditerranéens, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Geoarchaeology, Wetlands, Palaeoenvironment, Palynology, Geomorpholog, Geoarchaeology,Northern Greece, Holocene, Climate Change, Anthropization, Mediterranean landscape, Anthropization
Abstract

Environmental disturbances recorded nowadays in global changes rise up society fears about sustainable development. Even if the responsibility of activities on contemporary changes is now well-known, the specialists of past societies are still wondering if such environmental changes, either from natural or from anthropogenic origin, have not already affected societies development in last thousands of years. This research project contributes to this debate on the base of long time study of Strymona low valley (northern Greece), from Early Holocene. The aim is to understand the relationships between societies and environment by questioning the possibility of cultural collapses from environmental origin, and to examine the consequences of human activities (Neolithisation, Greek conquest, ...) on environment and his sustainability. To overcome case studies, we suggest a geographical and geoarchaeological approach. Based on study of palaeoenvironmental archives which combine geomorphological and palynological analyses of streams and wetlands. Our aim is to analyze the role of agropastoral practices and climate events and oscillations on environmental changes, and on the dynamics of mosaic landscapes. Results will be compared with archaeological and historical researches to understand the interactions between societies and their environment from sites to regional scale, from the Neolithic to Ottoman period and to take part actively to multidisciplinary discussions on this debate., Les perturbations environnementales enregistrées aujourd’hui dans le cadre du changement climatique global exacerbent les craintes des sociétés quant au développement durable. Si l’impact des actions anthropiques sur les changements contemporains est désormais reconnu scientifiquement, les spécialistes des sociétés anciennes et des géosciences se demandent si les changements environnementaux d’origine naturelle ou anthropique n’ont pas déjà et à plusieurs reprises, affecté le développement des sociétés au cours des derniers millénaires. Les investigations menées, dans le cadre de cette thèse, proposent de contribuer à ce débat à partir de l’étude sur le temps long de la basse vallée du Strymon (Grèce du Nord) depuis le début de l’Holocène (11700 ans). L’enjeu est de comprendre les relations qu’ont entretenues les sociétés avec leur environnement afin d’examiner les questions d’éventuels effondrements culturels d’origine environnementale comme le suggèrent certains chercheurs pour la fin du Néolithique ou l’âge du Bronze Réciproquement, il s’agit de définir les conséquences des actions des sociétés (néolithisation, conquête grecque, etc.) sur l’environnement et la durabilité de son exploitation. Pour dépasser les études de cas, nous proposons une approche géographique multiscalaire et géoarchéologique. Elle s’appuie sur une étude des archives paléoenvironnementales combinant (1) une analyse géomorphologique et (2) une analyse palynologique des cours d’eau et des zones humides afin de renseigner les changements environnementaux au plus près des lieux de vie des populations et de leurs pratiques agropastorales. Les résultats obtenus sont ensuite confrontés aux recherches archéologiques et historiques pour comprendre les interactions Sociétés/Environnement à différentes époques, de l’échelle de l’habitat à celle de la région et participer activement aux discussions multidisciplinaires sur la question.

Published
2017

29. Middle Holocene rapid environmental changes and human adaptation in Greece

Author

López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Lespez, Laurent, Glais, Arthur, López Sáez, José Antonio, Le Drezen, Yann, Tsirtsoni, Zoï, Davidson, Robert, Biree, Laetitia, Malamidou, Dimitra, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Lespez, Laurent, Glais, Arthur, López Sáez, José Antonio, Le Drezen, Yann, Tsirtsoni, Zoï, Davidson, Robert, Biree, Laetitia, and Malamidou, Dimitra

Abstract

Numerous researchers discuss of the collapse of civilizations in response to abrupt climate change in the Mediterranean region. The period between 6500 and 5000 cal yr BP is one of the least studied episodes of rapid climate change at the end of the Late Neolithic. This period is characterized by a dramatic decline in settlement and a cultural break in the Balkans. High-resolution paleoenvironmental proxy data obtained in the Lower Angitis Valley enables an examination of the societal responses to rapid climatic change in Greece. Development of a lasting fluvio-lacustrine environment followed by enhanced fluvial activity is evident from 6000 cal yr BP. Paleoecological data show a succession of dry events at 5800–5700, 5450 and 5000–4900 cal yr BP. These events correspond to incursion of cold air masses to the eastern Mediterranean, confirming the climatic instability of the middle Holocene climate transition. Two periods with farming and pastural activities (6300–5600 and 5100–4700 cal BP) are evident. The intervening period is marked by environmental changes, but the continuous occurrence of anthropogenic taxa suggests the persistence of human activities despite the absence of archaeological evidence. The environmental factors alone were not sufficient to trigger the observed societal changes.

Published
2016

30. Climate and human–environment relationships on the edge of the Tenaghi-Philippon marsh (Northern Greece) during the Neolithization process

Author

López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], Glais, Arthur, López Sáez, José Antonio, Lespez, Laurent, Davidson, Robert, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], Glais, Arthur, López Sáez, José Antonio, Lespez, Laurent, and Davidson, Robert

Abstract

Palynological and sedimentological investigations carried out around the tell of Dikili Tash (Eastern Macedonia, Greece), one of the oldest Neolithic sites in Europe, improve our understanding of the evolution of the paleoenvironment from the Late Pleistocene to the Neolithic period (6500–3200 cal BC in this region). While global climate reconstructions researches based on the study of the Tenaghi-Philippon pollen record, located 5–8 km from the tell, have focused on forces that drive the environment at regional or global scales, we attempt to use the sediment archives on the edge of the marsh to describe the context of the Neolithization process and related environmental changes. Our aim is to provide new data on environmental change during the Early Holocene by combining pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs) and sedimentological analyses to be compared with archaeological information. The data give an overview of the original environment prior to the Neolithic and thereafter a comprehensive view of the first human impacts on the vegetation cover in local lowland areas. Two new pollen records located respectively 1.75 km (Dik4) and 150 m (Dik12) from the archaeological site provide the first evidence of human agropastoral activities on the landscape associated with the Early Neolithic communitiessince at least 6400 cal BC, largely earlier than observed in the reference pollen diagram in the Tenaghi-Philippon marsh which shows a first human impact from the second millennium cal BC. Admittedly, such impact on the local area around the site cannot be extrapolated to a regional scale, raising question of the spatial representativeness of the previous records. It also shows the need to develop multi-scalar investigations to assess the impact of climatic change and human activities on the landscape during the earliest phase of the Neolithic settlement in southeastern Balkans.

Published
2016

31. Climate Change and social transformations in the past (12ka BP): from field data acquisition towards socio-ecological modeling

Author

Lespez, Laurent, Bassetti, Maria-Angela, Berger, Jean‑François, Carozza, Jean-Michel, Carozza, Laurent, Combourieu Nebout, Nathalie, DEZILEAU, Laurent, Glais, Arthur, GHILARDI, Matthieu, Kuzucuoglu, Catherine, Peyron, Odile, Sabatier, Pierre, Saqalli, Mehdi, Vannière, Boris, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Jalali, Bassem, Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Biogéochimie-Traceurs-Paléoclimat (BTP), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GEOGLOB, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnement Ville Société (EVS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 (LIENSs), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de géographie physique ( LGP ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens ( CEFREM ), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia ( UPVD ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Environnement Ville Société ( EVS ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Lumière - Lyon 2 ( UL2 ) -Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon ( ENSAL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 ( LIENSs ), Université de La Rochelle ( ULR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Géographie de l'environnement ( GEODE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique ( LETG - Caen ), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique ( LETG ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université de Rennes 2 ( UR2 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement de géosciences de l'environnement ( CEREGE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne ( EDYTEM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), LOCEAN sorbonne Universités, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Saqalli, Mehdi, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, climate change, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [ SHS.ARCHEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, social transformations
Abstract

Poster; International audience; • Definition of the spatial and temporal variability of the Rapid Climate Changes (RCCs) Þ Climate change and impact on cultural and political dynamic?-Neolithic (9.2, 8.2 and 6-5 ka BP)-Bronze Age (4.2 ka cal BP)-Final Bronze Age and Historical periods (3.2-2.8 and 1.3 et 0.7 ka cal. BP)

Published
2017

32. Identifying the Earliest Neolithic Settlements in the Southeastern Balkans

Author

Lespez, Laurent, Tsirtsoni, Zoï, Darcque, Pascal, Malamidou, Dimitra, Chaido, Koukouli-Chrysanthaki, Glais, Arthur, Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École française d'Athènes (EfA), Ministère grec de la Culture, Ephorie de Kavala, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), European Association of Archaeologists (EAA), Reingruber Agathe, Tsirtsoni Zoï, Nedelcheva Petranka, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Protohistoire égéenne (ProtoEgéenne), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and HAL Nanterre, Administrateur

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Neolithisation, Dikili Tash, Neolithic, chronology, coring, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

33. Unraveling the naturalness of sweet chestnut forests (Castanea sativa Mill.) in central Spain.

Author

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Alba Sánchez, Francisca [0000-0003-0387-1533], Pérez Díaz, Sebastián [0000-0002-2702-0058], Abel Schaad, Daniel [0000-0003-3915-8342], Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes [0000-0002-4505-2416], López Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, Robles López, Sandra, Alba Sánchez, Francisca, Pérez Díaz, Sebastián, Abel Schaad, Daniel, Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Alba Sánchez, Francisca [0000-0003-0387-1533], Pérez Díaz, Sebastián [0000-0002-2702-0058], Abel Schaad, Daniel [0000-0003-3915-8342], Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes [0000-0002-4505-2416], López Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, Robles López, Sandra, Alba Sánchez, Francisca, Pérez Díaz, Sebastián, Abel Schaad, Daniel, and Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes

Abstract

This paper describes the patterns and processes of vegetation change and fire history in the Late Holocene (c. 3,140 cal BP) palaeoecological sequence of El Tiemblo, in a mountainous area in central Spain (Gredos range, Spanish Central System), and provides the first Iberian pollen sequence undertaken within a Castanea sativadominated woodland. These new data reassess not only the autochthonous nature of the species in the region and in the Iberian Peninsula, but also the naturalness of well-developed sweet chestnut forests. The study focuses on anthropogenic dynamics linked both to the effects of livestock husbandry and the use of fire for forest clearance. With this aim, non-pollen palynomorphs (coprophilous fungi ascospores) and charcoal accumulation rate are useful indicators for assessing the increasing role of human influence on vegetation

Published
2017

34. Relación entre la vegetación y la lluvia polínica actual en el Monte Paggeo (NE Grecia)

Author

Glais, Arthur, Papageorgiou, Aristotelis, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Schaad, Daniel, López Sáez, José Antonio, Lespez, Laurent, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

35. La géoarchéologie française au xxie siècle

Author

Antoine, Pierre, Arnaud-Fassetta, Gilles, Auguste, Patrick, Bahain, Jean-Jacques, Ballouche, Aziz, Barra, Catherine, Boës, Éric, Borderie, Quentin, Bouiron, Marc, Brkojewitsch, Gaël, Brou, Laurent, Brown, Anthony, Burnouf, Joëlle, Camerlynck, Christian, Cammas, Cécilia, Carayon, Nicolas, Carbonel, Pierre, Carcaud, Nathalie, Carozza, Jean-Michel, Castanet, Cyril, Cavalier, Laurence, Chaussé, Christine, Cordier, Stéphane, Courtils, Jacques des, Coussot, Céline, Cyprien-Chouin, Anne-Laure, Davidson, Robert, Debenham, Nick, Deschodt, Laurent, Desruelles, Stéphane, Devos, Yannick, Djerbi, Hatem, Drézen, Yann Le, Ducrocq, Thierry, Durand, Frédérique, Écochard, Émilie, Ertlen, Damien, Fagnart, Jean-Pierre, Fouache, Éric, Franc, Odile, Garcin, Manuel, Garnier, Aline, Gauthier, Agnès, Gebhardt, Anne, Ghilardi, Matthieu, Gillot, Laurence, Glais, Arthur, Goiran, Jean-Philippe, Goval, Emilie, Granai, Salomé, Harmand, Dominique, Jeune, Yann Le, Kuzucuoğlu, Catherine, Lamothe, Michel, Landuré, Corinne, Lantoine, Jennifer, Léra, Pétrika, Leroyer, Chantal, Lespez, Laurent, Lézine, Anne-Marie, Limondin-Lozouët, Nicole, Locht, Jean-Luc, Macphail, Richard I., Magny, Michel, Marriner, Nick, Mercurin, Romuald, Michler, Matthieu, Moine, Olivier, Morhange, Christophe, Nalbant, Athina Pediaditaki, Naton, Henri-Georges, Nicosia, Cristiano, Nocus, Noémie, Oberweiler, Cécile, Odiot, Thierry, Ollive, Vincent, Parent, Florence, Pastre, Jean-François, Prieur, Abel, Puig, Carole, Ruffaldi, Pascale, Sáez, José-Antonio López, Salomon, Ferréol, Scherrer, Nadine, Schmitt, Laurent, Schneider, Nathalie, Schneikert, François, Sivan, Olivier, Sumera, Franck, Teheux, Éric, Thernot, Robert, Thomas, Yohann, Touchais, Gilles, Tronchère, Hervé, Tsirtsoni, Zoï, Vallat, Jean-Pierre, Vérot-Bourrély, Agnès, Weydert, Nicolas, Wuscher, Patrice, Carcaud, Nathalie, and Arnaud-Fassetta, Gilles

Subjects
HD, climat, littoral, Archaeology, archéologie, histoire, paysage, aménagement, SOC003000, environnement
Abstract

La géoarchéologie s’impose aujourd’hui comme une composante majeure de la compréhension des interactions complexes Sociétés-Environnement sur le temps long. Cet ouvrage, le premier du genre, dresse un bilan des recherches géoarchéologiques conduites dans les universités, au CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), à l’INRAP (Institut National de Recherches Archéologiques Préventives) et dans les SRA (Services Régionaux de l’Archéologie) depuis trente ans. Les cinq parties de l’ouvrage étayent l’ensemble des champs d’application de la géoarchéologie française : « Paléoenvironnements, biogéographie et paysages » ; « Les hydrosystèmes fluviaux, entre climat et anthropisation » ; « Alluvionnement, peuplement, stratégies et formes d’adaptation » ; « Ressources en eau, risque et aménagement » ; « De la mobilité du trait de côte à la contrainte portuaire ». Une attention particulière est accordée aux attendus épistémologiques, aux concepts et aux méthodes d’investigation sur le « terrain » de la géoarchéologie moderne, par essence interdisciplinaire. Les sites archéologiques sont étudiés dans des contextes environnementaux variés : fluvial, deltaïque et littoral, zones humides, îles et environnements urbains. Chaque « grand chantier » présenté, qu’il se situe en France ou à l’étranger (Albanie, Égypte, Grèce, Italie, Luxembourg, Mali, Maroc, Turquie), fait état des dernières découvertes, des méthodes les plus pertinentes, des synthèses les plus à jour, des hypothèses les plus solides sur les interactions spécifiques entre l’Homme et son environnement depuis des milliers d’années. Conçu à partir d’une pratique forte du terrain, de l’enseignement et de la diffusion scientifique, ce livre s’adresse à un large public : enseignants, chercheurs, étudiants L-M-D, archéologie préventive, conservatoires du patrimoine, musées archéologiques, grand public curieux de connaissances pluridisciplinaires de son patrimoine archéologique replacé dans son contexte environnemental. L’étudiant y trouvera un véritable support de cours dispensés à l’Université et dans les écoles d’urbanisme, d’architecture et de paysage, le chercheur disposera d’un ouvrage exhaustif mettant en exergue des méthodes choisies et transposables à ses propres sites d’étude. L’ouvrage fait également valoir un engagement théorique, des choix d’approche et une perspective débouchant sur une meilleure connaissance de nos « patrimoines territoriaux », désormais pris en compte dans toute démarche d’aménagement (archéologie préventive). Cette connaissance est devenue « l’incontournable » du géographe, de l’urbaniste, de l’architecte, du paysagiste, du responsable de projet d’aménagement…

Published
2015

36. Chapter 11. Beyond determinism: A local approach to nature/society interactions in the Southern Balkans at the transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age

Author

Lespez, Laurent, Tsirtsoni, Zoï, Sáez, José-Antonio López, Drézen, Yann Le, Glais, Arthur, Davidson, Robert, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gilles Arnaud-Fassetta, Nathalie Carcaud, ANR-07-JCJC-0072,Balkans 4000,A la recherche du 'millénaire perdu': le peuplement en Grèce du Nord et dans les Balkans au IVe millénaire av. J.-C.(2007), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

37. The relationship between vegetation and modern pollen assemblages on Mount Paggeo (NE Greece)

Author

López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Papageorgiou, Aristotelis C [0000-0001-6657-7820], Abel Schaad, Daniel [0000-0003-3915-8342], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], Glais, Arthur, Papageorgiou, Aristotelis C, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Abel Schaad, Daniel, López Sáez, José Antonio, Lespez, Laurent, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Papageorgiou, Aristotelis C [0000-0001-6657-7820], Abel Schaad, Daniel [0000-0003-3915-8342], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], Glais, Arthur, Papageorgiou, Aristotelis C, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Abel Schaad, Daniel, López Sáez, José Antonio, and Lespez, Laurent

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the relationship between vegetation and modern-pollen rain along the elevational gradient of Mount Paggeo. We apply multivariate data analysis to assess the relationship between vegetation and modern-pollen rain and quantify the representativeness of forest zones. This study represents the first statistical analysis of pollen-vegetation relationship along an elevational gradient in Greece. Hence, this paper improves confidence in interpretation of palynological records from north-eastern Greece and may refine past climate reconstructions for a more accurate comparison of data and modelling. Numerical classification and ordination were performed on pollen data to assess differences among plant communities that beech (Fagus sylvatica) dominates or co-dominates. The results show a strong relationship between altitude, arboreal cover, human impact and variations in pollen and nonpollen palynomorph taxa percentages.

Published
2016

41. Phytosociological and ecological discrimination of Mediterranean cypress ('Cupressus sempervirens') communities in Crete (Greece) by means of pollen analysis

Author

José Antonio López Sáez, Ioannis Tsiripidis, Laurent Lespez, Arthur Glais, Spyros Tsiftsis, Daniel Sánchez Mata, López Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Tsiftsis, Spyros, Sánchez Mata, Daniel, Lespez, Laurent, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Tsiripidis, Ioannis [0000-0001-9373-676X], Tsiftsis, Spyros [0000-0002-3389-9089], Sánchez Mata, Daniel [0000-0001-6910-4949], and Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999]

Subjects
Plant Science, Multivariate Analyses, Cupressus sempervirens, medicine.disease_cause, Floristics, Canonical correspondence analysis, Pollen, lcsh:Botany, medicine, Análisis multivariantes, Cypress, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecology, Phytosociology, biology, Greece, Cypress forest, Forestry, Creta, Fitosociología, biology.organism_classification, Palynology, Crete, multivariate analyses, lcsh:QK1-989, Geography, Botánica, Palinología, Grecia
Abstract

[EN] Sixty modern surface samples collected from mosses in different cypress forest communities (Cupressus sempervirens L.) on the island of Crete (Greece) were analysed for their pollen content. The samples were taken from six different cypress phytosociological associations between 23 and 1600 m asl, and fall within distinct rainfall and temperature regimes. The aims of this paper are to provide new data on the modern pollen rain from the Aegean islands, and to perform these data using multivariate statistics (hierarchical cluster analysis and canonical correspondence analysis) and pollen percentages. The discrimination of pollen assemblages corresponds to a large extent to the floristic differentiation of Cupressus sempervirens forest vegetation and indicates the existence of three new associations, [ES] Sesenta muestras de lluvia polínica actual recolectadas en cepellones de musgos, procedentes de distintas comunidades de ciprés (Cupressus sempervirens L.) en la isla de Creta (Grecia), fueron analizadas palinológicamente. Las muestras proceden de seis asociaciones fitosociológicas dominadas por el ciprés entre 23 y 1600 m asl, bajo regímenes de precipitación y temperatura diferentes. El objetivo de este trabajo es prover datos novedosos acerca de la lluvia polínica actual en las islas del Egeo, así como tratar éstos mediante análisis multivariantes (análisis de cluster jerárquico y análisis de correspondencias canónicas) y a partir de sus porcentajes polínicos. La discriminación de los espectros polínicos corresponde en gran medida a la diferenciación florística de la vegetación de los bosques de Cupressus sempervirens e indica la existencia de tres nuevas asociaciones, This study is part of the international PALEOMEX-INEE Research Program, itself a component of the Mediterranean Integrated Studies at Regional and Local Scales (MISTRALS) of the CNRS, France.

Published
2019

42. Climate and human–environment relationships on the edge of the Tenaghi-Philippon marsh (Northern Greece) during the Neolithization process

Author

Robert Davidson, José Antonio López-Sáez, Laurent Lespez, Arthur Glais, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Instituto de Historia, Madrid, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], López Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, and Lespez, Laurent

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Marsh, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental change, Pleistocene, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, NE Greece, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Neolithic, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Palynology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Human impact, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, SE Balkans, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Archaeology, 13. Climate action, Wetland, Period (geology), Geology
Abstract

Palynological and sedimentological investigations carried out around the tell of Dikili Tash (Eastern Macedonia, Greece), one of the oldest Neolithic sites in Europe, improve our understanding of the evolution of the paleoenvironment from the Late Pleistocene to the Neolithic period (6500–3200 cal BC in this region). While global climate reconstructions researches based on the study of the Tenaghi-Philippon pollen record, located 5–8 km from the tell, have focused on forces that drive the environment at regional or global scales, we attempt to use the sediment archives on the edge of the marsh to describe the context of the Neolithization process and related environmental changes. Our aim is to provide new data on environmental change during the Early Holocene by combining pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs) and sedimentological analyses to be compared with archaeological information. The data give an overview of the original environment prior to the Neolithic and thereafter a comprehensive view of the first human impacts on the vegetation cover in local lowland areas. Two new pollen records located respectively 1.75 km (Dik4) and 150 m (Dik12) from the archaeological site provide the first evidence of human agropastoral activities on the landscape associated with the Early Neolithic communitiessince at least 6400 cal BC, largely earlier than observed in the reference pollen diagram in the Tenaghi-Philippon marsh which shows a first human impact from the second millennium cal BC. Admittedly, such impact on the local area around the site cannot be extrapolated to a regional scale, raising question of the spatial representativeness of the previous records. It also shows the need to develop multi-scalar investigations to assess the impact of climatic change and human activities on the landscape during the earliest phase of the Neolithic settlement in southeastern Balkans., The funding for the present study derives also from RELICTFLORA (P11RNM-7033) project, provided by the junta de Andalucía (Spain)

Published
2016

43. Middle Holocene rapid environmental changes and human adaptation in Greece

Author

Dimitra Malamidou, Laurent Lespez, Robert Davidson, Laetitia Biree, Zoï Tsirtsoni, José-Antonio López-Sáez, Yann Le Drézen, Arthur Glais, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), G.I. Arqueobiología, Instituto de Historia, CCHS, CSIC, Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Michel de Boüard - Centre de recherches archéologiques et historiques anciennes et médiévales (CRAHAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Ephorie des antiquités de Kavala, ANR-07-JCJC-0072,Balkans 4000,A la recherche du 'millénaire perdu': le peuplement en Grèce du Nord et dans les Balkans au IVe millénaire av. J.-C.(2007), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), López Sáez, José Antonio, Lespez, Laurent, and Glais, Arthur

Subjects
Bronze Age, Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, Fluvial system, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Néolithique, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Climate change, Fluvial, Ecological succession, Mediterranean, 01 natural sciences, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Mid-Holocene, système fluvial, Non-Pollen Palynomorphs, Neolithic, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, changement climatique, Holocène Moyen, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Archaeology, Human adaptation, Âge du Bronze, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, South-East Balkans, Period (geology), Abrupt climate change, Pollen, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Physical geography, peuplement, Geology
Abstract

Numerous researchers discuss of the collapse of civilizations in response to abrupt climate change in the Mediterranean region. The period between 6500 and 5000 cal yr BP is one of the least studied episodes of rapid climate change at the end of the Late Neolithic. This period is characterized by a dramatic decline in settlement and a cultural break in the Balkans. High-resolution paleoenvironmental proxy data obtained in the Lower Angitis Valley enables an examination of the societal responses to rapid climatic change in Greece. Development of a lasting fluvio-lacustrine environment followed by enhanced fluvial activity is evident from 6000 cal yr BP. Paleoecological data show a succession of dry events at 5800–5700, 5450 and 5000–4900 cal yr BP. These events correspond to incursion of cold air masses to the eastern Mediterranean, confirming the climatic instability of the middle Holocene climate transition. Two periods with farming and pastural activities (6300–5600 and 5100–4700 cal BP) are evident. The intervening period is marked by environmental changes, but the continuous occurrence of anthropogenic taxa suggests the persistence of human activities despite the absence of archaeological evidence. The environmental factors alone were not sufficient to trigger the observed societal changes., The research presented in this paper has been conducted in the framework of two research programmes. The “Balkans 4000” project (ANR-07-JCJC-072) was coordinated by Zoï Tsirtsoni. The Archeomed-Paleomex Programme is part of the INSU-INEE MISTRALS Research project and is directed by L. Carozza and L. Lespez. Funding for the present study was also obtained from the RELICTFLORA (P11RNM-7033) project, provided by the Junta de Andalucía (Spain)

Published
2016

44. Modern Pollen\textendashVegetation Relationships along an Altitudinal Transect in the Lefka Ori Massif (Western Crete, Greece)

Author

José Antonio López-Sáez, Laurent Lezpez, Arthur Glais, Spyros Tsiftsis, Instituto de Historia, Madrid, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Tsiftsis, Spyros [0000-0002-3389-9089], Lespez, Laurent [0000-0003-3256-1999], López Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, Tsiftsis, Spyros, and Lespez, Laurent

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Grazing pressure, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Altitude, Canonical correspondence analysis, Pollen, medicine, CCA, Coprophilous fungi, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Palynology, biology, Paleontology, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Crete, Geography, Multivariate analysis, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Physical geography, High-mountains
Abstract

The paucity of modern pollen rain data from the Aegean islands is a significant barrier to understand the lateQuaternary vegetation history of this globally important south-eastern Mediterranean region. This paper pre-sents the study of 30 modern pollen and non-pollen palynomorph assemblages carried out along an altitudinalgradient from 0 to 2453 m in the Lefka Ori massif (eastern Crete, Greece). This research aimed to analyze lowlandand highland pollen and NPP in relation to vegetation, climate and grazing, and to evaluate the regional and localsignificance of modern pollen deposition. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that altitude, precipitationof the driest month, annual mean temperature, precipitation seasonality and grazing are the most significantvariables to explain pollen and NPP variability in this area. It also made it possible to characterize pollen andNPP indicators of types of highland and lowland vegetation and grazing pressure. Results obtained corroboratethe significant role of coprophilous fungi as local indicators of herbivores in south-eastern Mediterranean mountain areas and suggest the local presence of domestic animals., This study is part of the international PALEOMEX-INEE Research Program, itself a component of the Mediterranean Integrated Studies at Regional and Local Scales (MISTRALS) of the CNRS

Published
2018

45. Reconstructing past arboreal cover based on modern and fossil pollen data: A statistical approach for the Gredos Range (Central Spain)

Author

José Antonio López-Sáez, Daniel Abel-Schaad, Nils Broothaerts, Sebastián Pérez-Díaz, Arthur Glais, Francisca Alba-Sánchez, Reyes Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Sandra Robles-López, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), López Sáez, José Antonio, Broothaerts, Nils, Abel Schaad, Daniel, Pérez Díaz, Sebastián, Alba Sánchez, Francisca, Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes, Glais, Arthur, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Broothaerts, Nils [0000-0002-8605-9657], Abel Schaad, Daniel [0000-0003-3915-8342], Pérez Díaz, Sebastián [0000-0002-2702-0058], Alba Sánchez, Francisca [0000-0003-0387-1533], Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes [0000-0002-4505-2416], and Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836]

Subjects
Palynology, 010506 paleontology, Arboreal locomotion, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Range (biology), Paleontology, Vegetation, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Altitude, Geography, Non-metric multidimensional scaling, Arboreal cover, Pollen, Vegetation change, Paleoecology, Period (geology), medicine, Physical geography, Mountain environments, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Quantifying and reconstructing past vegetation changes is an important step to fully understand human-environment interactions in the past. In this study we present a reconstruction of arboreal cover of six studysites in the Gredos Range (central Spain) over the last 3000 yr based on multivariate statistical analysis (clusteranalysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling, NMDS) of 186 modern pollen samples, modern vegetationdata and six detailed fossil pollen records. The integrated approach allows distinguishing eight modern vegeta-tion communities and linking the fossil pollen records with these vegetation communities as modern analogues.The information of the arboreal cover of the modern pollen sites was used to estimate the past arboreal cover ofthe fossil pollen sites in the Gredos Range. This estimated arboreal cover shows a higher level of landscape open-ness than suggested by the original pollen percentages data. Our results show that the evolution of the arborealcover through time differs along an altitudinal gradient, with a decrease in arboreal cover during the Roman andVisigoth periods (2000–1240 cal BP) at low altitudes and only during the Christian/Feudal period (850–500 calBP) at high altitudes. The applied methodology, integrating fossil pollen data with modern pollen and vegetationdata in one NMDS, allows reconstructing past arboreal cover in a quantitative way., This work was supported by the projects Desirè-HAR2013-43701-P(Plan Nacional I + D + I, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competi-tiveness) and Relictflora-P11-RNM-7033 (Excellence Research ProjectsProgram from the Andalusian Government), and partly supported bythe Interuniversity Attraction Poles Program IAP 07/09 initiated by theBelgian Science Policy Office.

Published
2018

46. Human-shaped landscape history in NE Greece. A palaeoenvironmental perspective

Author

José Antonio López-Sáez, Laurent Lespez, Arthur Glais, Boris Vannière, Junta de Andalucía, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Glais, Arthur [0000-0002-7870-3836], Vannière, Boris [0000-0002-6779-6053], Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Caen), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Instituto de Historia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, López Sáez, José Antonio, Glais, Arthur, and Vannière, Boris

Subjects
Bronze Age, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, human impact, Marsh, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, Balkans, 01 natural sciences, Macrocharcoal, Neolithic, palynology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Riparian zone, Palynology, Bronze age, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Northeast Greece, land use, Keywords, Human impact, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Archaeology, 13. Climate action, Iron Age, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Land use, Landscape history, Geology, macro-charcoal
Abstract

Following palaeobotanical, sedimentological and archaeological research recently conducted on and around the tell of Dikili Tash (Eastern Macedonia, Greece), we present continuous palaeoenvironmental data on this multiperiod site. This study combines pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs), macro-charcoal and sedimentological analyses that are compared with archaeological data from the Middle Neolithic to Antiquity period. It provides an overview of the local environment near the former Tenaghi-Philippon marsh and a comprehensive view of human impact on vegetation cover in lowlands. As early as ca. 4550 cal BCE, an initial phase of change in vegetation cover, has been recorded. This period, in the Eastern Mediterranean region, is one of intensifying human activities and social interactions into the Balkan region, which resulting in the foundation and transformation of early Late Neolithic societies. Although the palynological record does not show the crops species grown, the intensive clearance resulted in the increase of open herbaceous landscapes with anthropogenic indicators. This, as well as the increase of macro-charcoal values strongly supports a more or less continuously shaping of the landscape by human induced fires. New tree species that also became established at this time include Olea and Castanea. The presence of three main formations can be argued from the Early Neolithic to Antiquity: (1) riparian vegetation, (2) oak woodlands and (3) open vegetation in the form of wooded grasslands. Beyond the responses to climate changes, the vegetation composition reflects a regionally diversified land management system as indicated by a greater diversity in cultivated or harvested plants. The study reveals two phases of decline in land use directly on the edge of the marsh, although indicators of anthropogenic disturbance of the vegetation never entirely disappear during these periods between 3900 and 3300 cal BCE at the transition from the Late Neolithic (LNII) to the Bronze Age and from 1650 to 800 cal BCE when we observe a reorganization of the settlement on the higher slopes. In contrast, four periods are characterized by an increase in land use extension and intensification: Late Neolithic (4500–3900 cal BC); Early to Middle Bronze Age (3000–1600 cal BCE), the Iron Age (1000–800 cal BCE) and Antiquity during the Macedonian (ca. 357–148 cal BCE) and Roman periods (148 cal BCE–cal 395 CE), This study is part of the framework of the international PaleoMexINEE Research Program, itself a component of the Mediterranean Integrated Studies at Regional and Local Scales [MISTRALS] support by the INEE and INSU of the CNRS. Funding for the present study was also obtained from the RELICTFLORA (P11RNM-7033) project, provided by the Junta de Andalucía (Spain). J.A. López-Sáez is currently supported by a research grant (Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport) at Caen Normandy University and Boris Vannière is supported by the Région Franche-Comté (project GDRI HETSE - RECH-EXCEL). We express our gratitude to all of the institutions that support, directly or indirectly, the research carried out at and around Dikili Tash, in particular the Archaeological Society, the French School at Athens, the French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs and the Institute of Aegean Prehistory (INSTAP). For their assistance, we also thank the heads of the Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of Kavala (Ministry of Culture, Greece). Special thanks to Zoï Tsirtsoni for her comments on the archaeological data, Francisca Alba-Sánchez for their age-model advice and collaboration and Rebecca Miller for revising the original manuscript. Finally, this manuscript benefited from the stimulating comments of two anonymous reviewers

Published
2017

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