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419 results on '"Glöckner, Gernot"'

2. Evolutionary genomics of the cold-adapted diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus.

Author

Mock, Thomas, Otillar, Robert P, Strauss, Jan, McMullan, Mark, Paajanen, Pirita, Schmutz, Jeremy, Salamov, Asaf, Sanges, Remo, Toseland, Andrew, Ward, Ben J, Allen, Andrew E, Dupont, Christopher L, Frickenhaus, Stephan, Maumus, Florian, Veluchamy, Alaguraj, Wu, Taoyang, Barry, Kerrie W, Falciatore, Angela, Ferrante, Maria I, Fortunato, Antonio E, Glöckner, Gernot, Gruber, Ansgar, Hipkin, Rachel, Janech, Michael G, Kroth, Peter G, Leese, Florian, Lindquist, Erika A, Lyon, Barbara R, Martin, Joel, Mayer, Christoph, Parker, Micaela, Quesneville, Hadi, Raymond, James A, Uhlig, Christiane, Valas, Ruben E, Valentin, Klaus U, Worden, Alexandra Z, Armbrust, E Virginia, Clark, Matthew D, Bowler, Chris, Green, Beverley R, Moulton, Vincent, van Oosterhout, Cock, and Grigoriev, Igor V

Subjects
Diatoms, Carbon Dioxide, Iron, Gene Expression Profiling, Genomics, Ice Cover, Acclimatization, Evolution, Molecular, Phylogeny, Recombination, Genetic, Genetic Drift, Alleles, Genome, Darkness, Freezing, Oceans and Seas, Cold Temperature, Transcriptome, Mutation Rate, Evolution, Molecular, Recombination, Genetic, General Science & Technology
Abstract

The Southern Ocean houses a diverse and productive community of organisms. Unicellular eukaryotic diatoms are the main primary producers in this environment, where photosynthesis is limited by low concentrations of dissolved iron and large seasonal fluctuations in light, temperature and the extent of sea ice. How diatoms have adapted to this extreme environment is largely unknown. Here we present insights into the genome evolution of a cold-adapted diatom from the Southern Ocean, Fragilariopsis cylindrus, based on a comparison with temperate diatoms. We find that approximately 24.7 per cent of the diploid F. cylindrus genome consists of genetic loci with alleles that are highly divergent (15.1 megabases of the total genome size of 61.1 megabases). These divergent alleles were differentially expressed across environmental conditions, including darkness, low iron, freezing, elevated temperature and increased CO2. Alleles with the largest ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitutions also show the most pronounced condition-dependent expression, suggesting a correlation between diversifying selection and allelic differentiation. Divergent alleles may be involved in adaptation to environmental fluctuations in the Southern Ocean.

Published
2017

6. The Chara Genome: Secondary Complexity and Implications for Plant Terrestrialization

Author

Nishiyama, Tomoaki, Sakayama, Hidetoshi, de Vries, Jan, Buschmann, Henrik, Saint-Marcoux, Denis, Ullrich, Kristian K., Haas, Fabian B., Vanderstraeten, Lisa, Becker, Dirk, Lang, Daniel, Vosolsobě, Stanislav, Rombauts, Stephane, Wilhelmsson, Per K.I., Janitza, Philipp, Kern, Ramona, Heyl, Alexander, Rümpler, Florian, Villalobos, Luz Irina A. Calderón, Clay, John M., Skokan, Roman, Toyoda, Atsushi, Suzuki, Yutaka, Kagoshima, Hiroshi, Schijlen, Elio, Tajeshwar, Navindra, Catarino, Bruno, Hetherington, Alexander J., Saltykova, Assia, Bonnot, Clemence, Breuninger, Holger, Symeonidi, Aikaterini, Radhakrishnan, Guru V., Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip, Deforce, Dieter, Chang, Caren, Karol, Kenneth G., Hedrich, Rainer, Ulvskov, Peter, Glöckner, Gernot, Delwiche, Charles F., Petrášek, Jan, Van de Peer, Yves, Friml, Jiri, Beilby, Mary, Dolan, Liam, Kohara, Yuji, Sugano, Sumio, Fujiyama, Asao, Delaux, Pierre-Marc, Quint, Marcel, Theißen, Günter, Hagemann, Martin, Harholt, Jesper, Dunand, Christophe, Zachgo, Sabine, Langdale, Jane, Maumus, Florian, Van Der Straeten, Dominique, Gould, Sven B., and Rensing, Stefan A.

Published
2018
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10. The butterfly plant arms-race escalated by gene and genome duplications

Author

Edger, Patrick P., Heidel-Fischer, Hanna M., Bekaert, Michaël, Rota, Jadranka, Glöckner, Gernot, Platts, Adrian E., Heckel, David G., Der, Joshua P., Wafula, Eric K., Tang, Michelle, Hofberger, Johannes A., Smithson, Ann, Hall, Jocelyn C., Blanchette, Matthieu, Bureau, Thomas E., Wright, Stephen I., dePamphilis, Claude W., Schranz, M. Eric, Barker, Michael S., Conant, Gavin C., Wahlberg, Niklas, Vogel, Heiko, Pires, J. Chris, and Wheat, Christopher W.

Published
2015

12. The Genome of the Foraminiferan Reticulomyxa filosa

Author

Glöckner, Gernot, Hülsmann, Norbert, Schleicher, Michael, Noegel, Angelika A., Eichinger, Ludwig, Gallinger, Christoph, Pawlowski, Jan, Sierra, Roberto, Euteneuer, Ursula, Pillet, Loic, Moustafa, Ahmed, Platzer, Matthias, Groth, Marco, Szafranski, Karol, and Schliwa, Manfred

Published
2014
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17. Increased Heat Resilience of Intraspecific Outbred Compared to Inbred Lineages in the Kelp Laminaria digitata: Physiology and Transcriptomics

Author

Liesner, Daniel, Pearson, Gareth A., Bartsch, Inka, Rana, Shivani, Harms, Lars, Heinrich, Sandra, Bischof, Kai, Glöckner, Gernot, Valentin, Klaus-Ulrich, Liesner, Daniel, Pearson, Gareth A., Bartsch, Inka, Rana, Shivani, Harms, Lars, Heinrich, Sandra, Bischof, Kai, Glöckner, Gernot, and Valentin, Klaus-Ulrich

Abstract

Marine forests and kelps as their foundation species are threatened by ocean warming especially at the warm distributional edges. Previously identified genetic divergence and ecotypic differentiation within kelp species may allow to produce more resilient lineages by intraspecific outbreeding among populations. In a mechanistic investigation of heat stress, heterosis (hybrid vigour), and underlying gene expression patterns, we assessed the thermal performance of inbred (selfings) and outbred (reciprocal crosses) sporophytes of the N-Atlantic kelp Laminaria digitata among clonal isolates from two divergent populations; one from the temperate North Sea (Helgoland) and one from the Arctic (Spitsbergen). First, we investigated the upper thermal tolerance of microscopic sporophytes in a 14-day experiment applying sublethal to lethal 20–23°C. The upper survival temperature of microscopic sporophytes was lower for the inbred Arctic selfing (21°C) than for the temperate selfing and the reciprocal crosses (22°C). Only in the temperate selfing, 4.5% of sporophytes survived 23°C. We then subjected 4–7 cm long sporophytes to a control temperature (10°C), moderate (19°C) and sublethal to lethal heat stress (20.5°C) for 18 days to assess gene expression in addition to physiological parameters. Growth and optimum quantum yield decreased similarly in the reciprocal crosses and the temperate selfing at 19 and 20.5°C, while inbred Arctic sporophytes died within seven days at both 19 and 20.5°C. In response to 20.5°C, 252 genes were constitutively regulated across all surviving lineages, which we use to describe metabolic regulation patterns in response to heat stress in kelp. At sublethal 20.5°C, ca. 150 genes were differentially expressed by either crossed lineage in comparison to the temperate selfing, indicating that they maintained a growth response similar to the temperate selfing with differential metabolic regulation during sublethal heat stress. Subtle differences in physiolo

Published
2022

28. Increased heat resilience of intraspecific hybrids compared to inbred lineages of the kelp Laminaria digitata: physiology and transcriptomics

Author

Liesner, Daniel, Rana, Shivani, Harms, Lars, Pearson, Gareth A., Heinrich, Sandra, Bischof, Kai, Bartsch, Inka, Glöckner, Gernot, and Valentin, Klaus-Ulrich

Abstract

Kelps, the marine forest foundation species, are threatened by ocean warming at their warm distributional edges. To mechanistically investigate inheritance of thermal traits, we assessed thermal tolerance of inbred (selfings) and outbred (crosses) sporophytes of the N-Atlantic kelp Laminaria digitata among isolates from the genetically distinct populations of Helgoland (North Sea) and Spitsbergen (Arctic). First, we investigated the upper thermal tolerance of microscopic sporophytes in a 14-day experiment applying 20–23°C. The upper survival temperature was lower for the Spitsbergen selfing (21°C) than for the Helgoland selfing and the reciprocal crosses (22°C). We then subjected 4–7 cm long sporophytes to a control temperature (10°C), moderate (19°C) and sub-lethal heat stress (20.5°C) to assess metabolic regulation via whole-transcriptome analysis in addition to physiological parameters. Growth and optimum quantum yield decreased similarly in both crosses and the Helgoland selfing at 19 and 20.5°C, while inbred Spitsbergen sporophytes died within seven days at both 19 and 20.5°C. At 10°C, the Spitsbergen selfing showed the highest differential gene expression. Considering only the three surviving lineages at 20.5°C, differential gene expression was 61–78% lower in the crosses compared to the Helgoland selfing, including reduced expression of transcripts related to cellular stress responses. This implies that both intraspecific crosses maintained a growth response similar to the Helgoland selfing with reduced metabolic regulation during sublethal heat stress, indicating subtle heterosis (hybrid vigour) as a beneficial effect of outbreeding. Results are discussed in the frame of mariculture and marine forest restoration.

Published
2021

30. Transcriptomic Responses to Darkness and the Survival Strategy of the Kelp Saccharina latissima in the Early Polar Night

Author

Li, Huiru, Scheschonk, Lydia, Heinrich, Sandra, Valentin, Klaus, Harms, Lars, Glöckner, Gernot, Corre, Erwan, and Bischof, Kai

Abstract

Kelps in the Arctic region are facing challenging natural conditions. They experience over 120 days of darkness during the polar night surviving on storage compounds without conducting photosynthesis. Furthermore, the Arctic is experiencing continuous warming as a consequence of climate change. Such temperature increase may enhance the metabolic activity of kelps, using up storage compounds faster. As the survival strategy of kelps during darkness in the warming Arctic is poorly understood, we studied the physiological and transcriptomic responses of Saccharina latissima, one of the most common kelp species in the Arctic, after a 2-week dark exposure at two temperatures (0 and 4°C) versus the same temperatures under low light conditions. Growth rates were decreased in darkness but remained stable at two temperatures. Pigments had higher values in darkness and at 4°C. Darkness had a greater impact on the transcriptomic performance of S. latissima than increased temperature according to the high numbers of differentially expressed genes between dark and light treatments. Darkness generally repressed the expression of genes coding for glycolysis and metabolite biosynthesis, as well as some energy-demanding processes, such as synthesis of photosynthetic components and transporters. Moreover, increased temperature enhanced these repressions, while the expression of some genes encoding components of the lipid and laminaran catabolism, glyoxylate cycle and signaling were enhanced in darkness. Our study helps to understand the survival strategy of kelp in the early polar night and its potential resilience to the warming Arctic.

Published
2020

35. Pan genome of the phytoplankton Emiliania underpins its global distribution

Author

Read, Betsy A., Kegel, Jessica, Klute, Mary J., Kuo, Alan, Lefebvre, Stephane C., Maumus, Florian, Mayer, Christoph, Miller, John, Monier, Adam, Salamov, Asaf, Young, Jeremy, Aguilar, Maria, Claverie, Jean-Michel, Frickenhaus, Stephan, Gonzalez, Karina, Herman, Emily K., Lin, Yao-Cheng, Napier, Johnathan, Ogata, Hiroyuki, Sarno, Analissa F., Shmutz, Jeremy, Schroeder, Declan, de Vargas, Colomban, Verret, Frederic, von Dassow, Peter, Valentin, Klaus, Van de Peer, Yves, Wheeler, Glen, Allen, Andrew E., Bidle, Kay, Borodovsky, Mark, Bowler, Chris, Brownlee, Colin, Cock, Mark J., Elias, Marek, Gladyshev, Vadim N., Groth, Marco, Guda, Chittibabu, Hadaegh, Ahmad, Debora Iglesias-Rodriguez, Maria, Jenkins, Jerry, Jones, Bethan M., Lawson, Tracy, Leese, Florian, Lindquist, Erika, Lobanov, Alexei, Lomsadze, Alexandre, Malik, Shehre-Banoo, Marsh, Mary E., Mackinder, Luke, Mock, Thomas, Mueller-Roeber, Bernd, Pagarete, António, Parker, Micaela, Probert, Ian, Quesneville, Hadi, Raines, Christine, Rensing, Stefan A., Riaño-Pachón, Diego Mauricio, Richier, Sophie, Rokitta, Sebastian, Shiraiwa, Yoshihiro, Soanes, Darren M., van der Giezen, Mark, Wahlund, Thomas M., Williams, Bryony, Wilson, Willie, Wolfe, Gordon, Wurch, Louie L., Dacks, Joel B., Delwiche, Charles F., Dyhrman, Sonya T., Glöckner, Gernot, John, Uwe, Richards, Thomas, Worden, Alexandra Z., Zhang, Xiaoyu, and Grigoriev, Igor V.

Published
2013
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36. Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of Dictyostelium discoideum

Author

Glöckner, Gernot, Eichinger, Ludwig, Szafranski, Karol, Pachebat, Justin A., Bankier, Alan T., Dear, Paul H., Lehmann, Rüdiger, Baumgart, Cornelia, Parra, Genís, Abril, Josep F., Guigó, Roderic, Kumpf, Kai, Tunggal, Budi, Cox, Edward, Quail, Michael A., Platzer, Matthias, Rosenthal, André, Noegel, Angelika A., Barrell, Bart G., Rajandream, Marie-Adèle, Williams, Jeffrey G., Kay, Robert R., Kuspa, Adam, Gibbs, Richard, Sucgang, Richard, Muzny, Donna, Desany, Brian, Zeng, Kathy, Zhu, Baoli, de Jong, Pieter, Dingermann, Theodor, Gerisch, Günther, Philippsen, Peter, Schleicher, Michael, Schuster, Stephan C., and Winckler, Thomas

Published
2002
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47. GenColors

Author

Romualdi, Alessandro, primary, Felder, Marius, additional, Rose, Dominic, additional, Gausmann, Ulrike, additional, Schilhabel, Markus, additional, Glöckner, Gernot, additional, Platzer, Matthias, additional, and Sühnel, Jürgen, additional

Published
2007
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50. Temperature Modulates Sex-Biased Gene Expression in the Gametophytes of the Kelp Saccharina latissima

Author

Monteiro, Cátia, Heinrich, Sandra, Bartsch, Inka, Valentin, Klaus, Corre, Erwan, Collén, Jonas, Harms, Lars, Glöckner, Gernot, and Bischof, Kai

Abstract

Saccharina latissima is an economically and ecologically relevant kelp species in Europe and North America. In kelps, the sexuality is expressed during the haploid life stage and the microscopic gametophytes exhibit significant sexual dimorphism. To understand the sex-dependent impact of temperature on the gametophyte stage, we analyzed for the first time, gene expression profiles of male and female gametophytes at three different temperatures (4, 12, and 20°C) characteristic for the species distribution range by using RNA-sequencing. We identified several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between sexes; while female biased genes were enriched in general metabolism and energy production, male biased genes function within cell cycle and signaling. In our study, temperature modulated sex-biased gene expression, with only a small percentage of DEGs consistently male (7%) or female-biased (12%) at the three temperatures. Female gametophytes responded stronger to higher temperatures than males, suggesting that males are more heat tolerant. Differences between S. latissima and other brown algal gender-dependent gene expression might mirror the different evolutionary and ecological contexts. Genomic information on kelp gametophyte is still scarce and thus this study adds to our knowledge on sex differences in abiotic stress responses in macroalgae at the transcriptomic level.

Published
2019

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