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L’abitudine dei cormorani (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) di radunarsi in inverno in dormitori rende più semplice il monitoraggio delle popolazioni svernanti. In Campania (Italia meridionale) si effettuano conteggi ai dormitori invernali dagli anni ’80 del XX secolo. A partire dal gennaio 1998 però il monitoraggio è stato standardizzato e reso costante negli anni. Si dispone oggi quindi di una serie storica di 25 anni sulla quale si sono effettuate analisi sull’andamento, la periodicità, la natura dei vari dormitori monitorati nel periodo preso in esame, e le origini geografiche degli esemplari svernanti. Ne è emersa una tendenza moderata all’incremento, confermata anche dal confronto del numero mediano di animali presenti nel decennio 2003-2012 con quelli del decennio 2013-2022. Non si è riscontrato un fenomeno di periodicità., BORNH Bulletin of Regional Natural History, Vol 2 No 3 (2022): BORNH 03/2022

Lo studio dell’andamento e della periodicità della popolazione svernante di Moretta tabaccata in Campania può fornire utili indicazioni per la gestione di una specie che presenta uno stato di conservazione non ottimale e, nel contempo, indicare un valore di riferimento, per quanto attiene la periodicità per chi vorrà approfondire tale aspetto per questa specie o altre svernanti nel bacino del Mediterraneo, in considerazione anche delle poche ricerche finora effettuate sulle popolazioni di uccelli acquatici svernanti. L’utilizzo del metodo TRIM per lo studio dell’andamento e l’analisi armonica o di Fourier per evidenziare tutte le armoniche presenti nella serie storica ha permesso di stabilire che la specie in Campania, in periodo invernale, presenta un moderato incremento e che le popolazioni svernanti presentano una periodicità di medio periodo pari un valore di 2 anni., BORNH Bulletin of Regional Natural History, Vol 2 No 1 (2022): BORNH 01/2022

SCORPAENIDAE Scorpaena azorica Eschmeyer, 1969 , was included in the Mediterranean by Hureau and Litvinenko (1986) and successively recorded by Golani (1996) for the Israeli coast with specification that the taxonomic status of this species needed reappraisal.

TRACHIPTERIDAE Trachipterus arcticus (Brünnich, 1771) , was recorded from the Mediterranean coast of Spain on the basis of four juvenile specimens (Planas & Vives, 1956). This record is erroneous according to Tortonese (1975) who considers it a misidentification with T. trachypterus. Nevertheless, T. articus is included in the Mediterranean ichthyofauna by Palmer (1986) and Fischer et al. (1987).

CENTROPHORIDAE Centrophorus uyato (Rafinesque, 1810) , is not considered valid by Compagno (1999). According to White et al. (2008) the original description of this species given by Rafinesque (1810) clearly depicts a Squalus rather than a Centrophorus species and Australian populations formerly ascribed to this name, are to be identified with C. zeehaani. Since the taxonomy of C. uyato outside Australia has not been adequately resolved, we prefer to exclude this taxon from our checklist until a more detailed morphological study on Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic samples will be realized.

ISTIOPHORIDAE Makaira nigricans Lacepéde, 1802 , is known from the tropical and temperate waters of all the Atlantic excluding the Mediterranean (Nakamura 1985, 1986). However its presence as occasional transient in the Mediterranean is supposed on the basis of recorded sizes of two large billfishes (not preserved) captured at Gallipoli, Ionian Sea (Bini, 1968) and Scilla, Strait of Messina (Costa, 1991), respectively.

MYCTOPHIDAE Centrobranchus andreae (L��tken, 1892) , the record of this species off the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean Sea) by Zugmayer (1911) appears doubtful (see Krefft & Bekker, 1979). This species probably does not occur in the Clofnam area (Hulley, 1984)., Published as part of Psomadakis, Peter Nick, Giustino, Stefano & Vacchi, Marino, 2012, Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas, pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 3263 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.280724, {"references":["Zugmayer, E. (1911) Diagnoses de poissons nouveaux provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (1901 - 1910). Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique (Monaco), 193, 1 - 14.","Krefft, G. & Bekker, V. E. (1979) Myctophidae. In: Hureau, J. C. & Monod, T. (Eds.), Check-list of the fishes of the Northeastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (Clofnam). Vol. 1. Unesco, Paris, pp. 171 - 198.","Hulley, P. A. Neoscopelidae. (1984) In: Whitehead, P. J. P., Bauchot, M. L., Hureau, J. C., Nielsen, J. & Tortonese, E. (Eds.), Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Vol. 1. Unesco, Paris, pp. 426 - 428."]}

RHINOBATIDAE Glaucostegus halavi (Forssk��l, 1775) , was erroneously recorded by Vinciguerra (1884) in the Gulf of Tunis (see Quignard & Capap��, 1971). Tortonese (1951) reported the species from the Mediterranean coast of Egypt but it was not confirmed by Ben Tuvia (1966). More recently a single specimen was recorded from south Tunisia (Ben Souissi et al., 2007) but it was considered doubtful by Bradai et al., 2010)., Published as part of Psomadakis, Peter Nick, Giustino, Stefano & Vacchi, Marino, 2012, Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas, pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 3263 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.280724, {"references":["Vinciguerra, D. (1884) Materiali per lo studio della fauna tunisina raccolti da G. E L. Doria. 1. Pesci. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 20, 393 - 445.","Quignard, J. P. & Capape C. (1971) Liste commentee des selaciens de Tunisie. Bulletin de la Station d'Oceanographie et de Peche de Salammbo, 2 (2), 131 - 141.","Tortonese, E. (1951) I caratteri biologici del Mediterraneo orientale e i problemi relativi. Attualita Zoologiche, 7, 207 - 251.","Ben Tuvia, A. (1966) Red Sea fishes recently found in the Mediterranean. Copeia, 254 - 275.","Bradai, M. N., Saidi, B. & Enajjar, S. (2010) Elasmobranchs of the Mediterranean and Black Sea: Status, ecology and biology- Bibliographic analysis. General Fisheries Commission for theMediterranean. 151.1.154.86 / GfcmWebSite / GFCM / 35 / GFCM _ XXXV _ 2011 _ Dma. 3. pdf"]}

DASYATIDAE Dasyatis marmorata (Steindachner, 1892) , was reported firstly in the Gulf of Gabes (south Tunisia) by Maurin and Bonnet (1970) as D. pastinaca var. marmorata; the presence of this taxon in south Tunisia was confirmed by Quignard and Capap�� (1971) and included in the Mediterranean ichthyofauna by Quignard and Tomasini (2000). Later the species was considered as synonym of D. chrysonota and recorded under this name in the eastern and central Mediterranean by Golani and Capap�� (2004) and El Kamel et al. (2009), respectively. However, in the upcoming volume dealing with batoid fishes of the Food and Agricolture Organisation Species Identification Field Guide for Fishery Purposes (S��ret, in press), D. marmorata is considered a species of West Africa and Mediterranean and D. chrysonota a South African species; nevertheless a genetic study is needed to reaffirm the validity of D. marmorata and redefine the two species (see also Bradai et al., 2010). Dasyatis tortonesei Capap��, 1975 , is considered dubious by Compagno (1999) and excluded by Serena (2005) from the ���Field identification guide to sharks and rays of the Mediterranean and Black Sea���. Morphometric and meristic data along with parasitological studies on individuals collected in the Gulf of Gabes, seem to indicate that D. tortonesei is a valid species distinguished from D. pastinaca (Bradai et al., 2010)., Published as part of Psomadakis, Peter Nick, Giustino, Stefano & Vacchi, Marino, 2012, Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas, pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 3263 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.280724, {"references":["Maurin, C. & Bonnet, M. (1970) Poissons des cotes nord-ouest africaines (campagnes de la Thalassa) (1962 et 1968) Revue des Travaux de l'Institut scientifique et technique des Peches maritimes, 34, 125 - 170.","Quignard, J. P. & Capape C. (1971) Liste commentee des selaciens de Tunisie. Bulletin de la Station d'Oceanographie et de Peche de Salammbo, 2 (2), 131 - 141.","Quignard, J. P. & Tomasini, J. A. (2000) Mediterranean fish biodiversity. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 7 (3), 1 - 66.","Golani, D. & Capape, C. (2004) First records of the blue stingray, Dasyatis chrysonota (Smith, 1828) (Chondrichthyes: Dasyatidae), off the coast of Israel. Acta Adriatica, 45, 107 - 112.","El Kamel, O., Mnasri, N., Ben Souissi, J., Boumaiza, M., Ben Amor, M. M. & Capape, C. (2009) Inventory of elasmobranch species caugth in the Lagoon of Bizerte (North-eastern Tunisia, central Mediterranean). Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 4, 383 - 412.","Bradai, M. N., Saidi, B. & Enajjar, S. (2010) Elasmobranchs of the Mediterranean and Black Sea: Status, ecology and biology- Bibliographic analysis. General Fisheries Commission for theMediterranean. 151.1.154.86 / GfcmWebSite / GFCM / 35 / GFCM _ XXXV _ 2011 _ Dma. 3. pdf","Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) Checklist of living elasmobranchs. In: Hamlett, W. C. (Ed.), Sharks, Skates, and Rays. The biology of elasmobranch fishes. The Johns Hopkins University press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 471 - 498.","Serena, F. (2005) Field identification guide to sharks and rays of the Mediterranean and Black Sea. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Rome, 97 pp."]}

AMMODYTIDAE Ammodytes tobianus Linnaeus, 1758 , was recorded firstly in the Mediterranean by Ninni (1870) and later by Carus (1893), but these records are considered doubtful either by Šoljan (1975) or Tortonese (1975). The report of three juvenile specimens from the Balearic Islands by Riehl (1978), is to be considered uncertain according to Golani et al. (2002).

LETHRINIDAE Monotaxis grandoculis (Forssk��l, 1775) , was recorded on the basis of a single sub-adult individual observed during a scuba dive at Antalya Bay, Turkey (Bilecenoglu, 2007). According to Golani (2010) is better to refrain from including in the official list of the Mediterranean ichthyofauna, species whose presence is based only upon underwater photographs., Published as part of Psomadakis, Peter Nick, Giustino, Stefano & Vacchi, Marino, 2012, Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas, pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 3263 on page 17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.280724, {"references":["Bilecenoglu, M. (2007) First record of Monotaxis grandoculis (Forsskal, 1775) (Osteichthyes, Lethrinidae) in the Mediterranean Sea Aquatic Invasions, 2 (4), 466 - 467."]}

HAEMULIDAE Parapristipoma humile (Bowdich, 1825) , is a West African species reported from the Mediterranean coasts of Spain (De Buen, 1936) but no specimens are available for confirmation. It has often been confused with P. octolineatum, which occurs in the western Mediterranean (Roux, 1979). Ben-Tuvia and McKay (1986), consider it a doubtful species in the Mediterranean, while Fischer et al. (1987) exclude the species from this basin.

OSTRACIIDAE Acanthostracion Bleeker, 1865 , two species (A. notacanthus and A. quadricornis) are included in the Mediterranean (France and Adriatic) on the basis of unreliable records published by old authors (see Tortonese, 1975). ��oljan (1975) points out that the record of a A. quadricornis in the Adriatic is improbable and Tortonese (1986) regards the other boxfish species as very doubtful. Nevertheless, the above species are included in the Mediterranean ichthyofauna by Quignard and Tomasini (2000). Lactophrys trigonus (Linnaeus, 1758) , was included in the Mediterranean (Sicily and Nice) by Carus (1983) and Risso (1826), respectively. As pointed out by Tortonese (1975, 1979a) these records are wrong and Ostraciidae should be considered as non-existing in the Mediterranean. Nevertheless, the above mentioned boxfish is included in the Mediterranean ichthyofauna by Quignard and Tomasini (2000). Rhinesomus triqueter (Linnaeus, 1758) , was recorded on the basis of a dead specimen collected inside the Genoa harbour (Ligurian Sea) on February 1909 and taken to the University of Genoa. Parona (1909) who studied this specimen, excluded the Ostraciidae from the Mediterranean and linked the presence of this fish to a ship transport. In fact, Parona (1909) reports similar boxfish findings at Nice, where Risso (1826) obtained his specimens in similar circumstances. It is not included in the lists of exotic species compiled by Golani et al. (2002) and Zenetos et al. (2010)., Published as part of Psomadakis, Peter Nick, Giustino, Stefano & Vacchi, Marino, 2012, Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas, pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 3263 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.280724, {"references":["Tortonese, E. (1975) Osteichthyes (Pesci ossei). Parte seconda. Fauna d'Italia. Vol. 11. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 636 pp.","Soljan, T. (1975) I pesci dell'Adriatico. Mondadori, Verona, 522 pp.","Tortonese, E. (1986) Ostraciontidae. In: Whitehead, P. J. P., Bauchot, M. L., Hureau, J. C., Nielsen, J. & Tortonese, E. (Eds.), Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Vol. 3. Unesco, Paris, pp. 1340.","Quignard, J. P. & Tomasini, J. A. (2000) Mediterranean fish biodiversity. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 7 (3), 1 - 66.","Linnaeus, C. (1758) Sistema Naturae per regnia tria naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species. Tomus I. Regnum Animale. Holmiae, Editio Decima, Reformata, 824 pp.","Risso, A. (1826) Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe meridionale et particulierement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. Vol. 3. De l'Imprimerie de Lachevardiere Fils, Paris, pp. 176 - 178.","Tortonese, E. (1979 a) Ostraciontidae. In: Hureau, J. C. & Monod, T. (Eds.), Check-list of the fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (Clofnam). Vol. 1. Unesco, Paris, pp. 644.","Parona, C. (1909) Esistono gli Ostracionidi nel Mediterraneo? A proposito del rinvenimento di Ostracion triqueter Lin. Nelle acque del porto di Genova. Atti della Societa Ligustica di Scienze Naturali e Geografiche, 20, 49 - 57.","Zenetos, A., Gofas, S., Verlaque, M. Cinar, M. E., Garcia Raso, J. E., et al. (2010) Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution. Mediterranean Marine Science, 11 (2), 381 - 493."]}

GOBIIDAE Gobiusculus flavescens (Fabricius, 1779) , old citations of this species in the Adriatic are to be considered erroneous (Kovačiċ, 2005); Miller (1986) considered doubtful all Mediterranean records, including the report of this species as G. ruthensparri from Sicily (Sanzo 1911). Mesogobius batrachocephalus (Pallas, 1814) , occurs inshore in estuaries and brackish lagoons (rarely in freshwater) of Black Sea, Sea of Azov and Caspian Sea (Miller, 1986). It has been recently included in the list of Mediterranean native marine fishes by Abdul Malak et al. (2011), but no substantiated records of this species exist in the latter sea. Proterorhinus marmoratus (Pallas, 1814) , is primarily a freshwater species occurring in rivers and estuaries of Black Sea, Sea of Azov, Aral and Caspian Sea; it occurs also in rivers of north-eastern Greece (Miller, 1986; Economidis & Miller, 1990). It has been recently included in the list of Mediterranean native marine fishes by Abdul Malak et al. (2011), but no substantiated records of this species in the marine environment have been reported so far.

BELONIDAE Tylosurus crocodilus crocodilus (P��ron & Lesueur, 1821) , was recorded in the Mediterranean on the basis of a single specimen found stranded on a beach in Greek waters (Sinis, 2005). According to Corsini-Foka (2010), further investigation is needed to confirm the validity of this record., Published as part of Psomadakis, Peter Nick, Giustino, Stefano & Vacchi, Marino, 2012, Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas, pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 3263 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.280724, {"references":["Sinis, A. (2005) First record of Tylosurus crocodilus (Peron & Lesueur, 1821) (Pisces: Belonidae) in the Mediterranean (North Aegean Sea, Greece). Journal of Biological Research, 4, 221 - 224.","Corsini-Foka, M. (2010) Current status of alien fishes in Greek seas. In: Golani, D. & Golani-Appelbaum, B. (Eds.), Fish invasions of the Mediterranean Sea: changes and renewal. Pensoft, Sofia-Moscow, 219 - 253."]}

PRISTIDAE Pristis Linck, 1790 , old sawfish records in the Mediterranean (Algeria, France, Spain, Italy, Israel) are to be considered doubtful (Stehmann & Bürkel, 1984; Tortonese, 1985, 1987; Serena, 2005). Nevertheless, Psomadakis et al. (2009 b) found an old museum specimen (without catalogue number) as well as handwritten archive data in the Zoological Museum of Naples (Italy), supporting the record of a sawfish in the Mediterranean given by Costa (1837), but were unable to ascertain specific identity of this specimen due to the confusion regarding the identity, number and nomenclature of pristid species.