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INTRODUÇÃO: Sarcopenia constitui perda progressiva de massa muscular esquelética relacionada ao aumento da idade. O sedentarismo é um importante fator relacionado ao desequilíbrio entre a síntese e a degradação proteica, especialmente na população idosa. OBJETIVO: Investigar a prevalência de sarcopenia em grupo de idosos sedentários e sua relação com a força física e com marcadores inflamatórios. MÉTODOS: Em uma amostra de 53 idosos, foram realizados: coleta de dados antropométricos, avaliação da composição corporal, teste funcional (Timed Up and Go), teste de força (preensão palmar) e coleta de amostra de sangue para avaliação dos marcadores inflamatórios. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de sarcopenia na amostra foi de 50% entre homens e de 54% entre mulheres. A média de idade foi de 71,3 anos no grupo sarcopênico (GS) e de 66,4 anos no grupo não sarcopênico (GNS) (p = 0,015). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os valores encontrados para interleucina 6 (IL-6) (p = 0,70) e interleucina 10 (IL-10) (p = 0,14). CONCLUSÃO: Houve uma alta prevalência de sarcopenia em idosos sedentários e a perda de massa muscular esteve associada com a perda de força muscular em homens e mulheres. Não houve associação com marcadores inflamatórios IL-6 e IL-10.

Abstract Background The influence of genetic polymorphisms on athletic performance has been widely explored. This study investigated the interactions between the polymorphisms ACTN3 (R577X), ACE (I/D), BDKRB2 (-9/+9), and AGT (M/T) and their association with endurance and strength phenotypes in Brazilian swimmers. Methods 123 athletes (aged 20–30 years) and 718 controls participated in the study. The athletes were divided into elite and sub-elite (N = 19 and 104, respectively) and strength and endurance experts (N = 98 and 25, respectively). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed in all groups. Results Considering the ACE polymorphism, it was observed a higher frequency of the DD genotype than expected in the strength experts of the elite group, whereas the strength experts sub-elite athletes had a higher frequency of the ID genotype (χ2 = 8.17; p = 0.01). Subjects with XX genotypes of ACTN3 are more likely to belong to the athlete group when compared to the control group (OR = 1.79, p = 0.04). The DD homozygotes of the ACE are more likely to belong to the elite group with strength phenotypes than the group of sub-elite (OR = 7.96, p = 0.01) and elite strength experts compared to elite endurance (OR = 18.0, p = 0.03). However, no significant differences were observed in the allelic distribution of the polymorphisms evaluated when comparing Elite, sub-elite athletes and controls. Conclusion ACE and ACTN3 allele frequencies should be considered with regard to performance influencing factors in Brazilian swimmers.

Objective: To investigate the effects of different combined interventions (Stimullus, MEMO, physical activity, and psychoeducation) on the cognitive performance of older adults. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-intervention. Thirty-four older adults underwent different combined interventions for a period of 48 weeks and were evaluated at three different points (pre-intervention; post-cognitive intervention; post-physical activity or psychoeducation intervention). Cognitive domains (verbal episodic memory, executive function, general cognitive performance) and depressive symptoms were evaluated. Results: Postintervention gains in global, attentional, and mnemonic cognition were observed, as well as a reduction in depressive symptoms. The MEMO intervention + physical activity or psychoeducation resulted in greater cognitive gains, while Stimullus + psychoeducation showed benefits only in evocation and the free learning index, while Stimullus + physical activity resulted in improvement in the investigated variables. Conclusion: The results of these combined interventions appear promising for healthy older adults and the impact of these interventions should be discussed with individual older patients and evaluated more broadly in the context of public health.

The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of sports participation in Brazilian children and adolescents through a systematic literature review. A search was carried out in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, WEB OF SCIENCE, BIREME, SCIELO, and SCOPUS for manuscripts published until 2020, combining the keywords: “children”, “adolescents”, “prevalence”, and “sports participation”, in Portuguese and English. Twenty-six articles published between 2003 and 2020 were included in the review, with the aim of estimating the prevalence of participation in organized sports in Brazilian children and adolescents. Considering the regions where the studies were carried out, the majority were developed in the south (57.7%; n=15), followed by the southeast (19.2%; n=05), and northeast (15.4%; n=04), in addition to 7.7% (n=02) in all regions of the country. The data showed prevalence of sports participation ranging from 15.0% to 73.2% (mean of 44.8%) among children and adolescents, being higher in males (63.1%). From the results found, the need to develop public policies is evident, in order to favor adherence and maintenance of young people to sports practice, especially among those of the female sex.

Abstract The aim of this review was to identify the scales used to measure resilience in athletes and to assess their psychometric and semantic adaptations for the sporting context. An electronic search was conducted in six databases, for 2008-2019, and 43 articles were selected. The results showed 11 scales applied to evaluate resilience in athletes. In the semantic field, 11 factors were identified, conceptually different, that define the property of the psychological system for sports resilience. This study concluded that scales identified in literature to assess athletes’ resilience have been used indiscriminately. Only five had their psychometric properties evaluated for the sports context. Therefore, sport psychology lacks a sport-specific measure for resilience.

O lazer é uma das alternativas almejadas pelas pessoas para o momento da velhice e da aposentadoria. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e comparar os interesses culturais do lazer mais praticados e os que os servidores públicos federais aposentados do Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação mais gostavam de praticar antes da pandemia. Identificou-se os mais praticados, em ordem decrescente: virtuais, esportivos, intelectuais, turísticos, manuais, sociais e artísticos, e os que preferiam: turísticos, sociais, esportivos, artísticos, intelectuais, manuais e virtuais. Assim, verificou-se que as atividades praticadas não condiziam com aquelas às quais desejariam se dedicar, dado esse que nos indica a necessidade de se trabalhar com a educação para e pelo lazer ao longo de toda a vida para que o lazer seja melhor vivenciado e usufruído quando chegada a aposentadoria.

The belief in miracle, as a modality of spiritual/religious coping (SRC) strategy in the face of stress and psychic suffering, has been discussed in psychological literature with regard to its positive or negative role on the health and well-being of patients and family members. In contemporary times, where pseudo-conflicts between religion and science should have been long overcome, there is still some tendency of interpreting belief in miracle – as the possibility of a cure granted by divine intervention, modifying the normal course of events in a bleak medical diagnosis – as having unhealthy impacts in the care and treatment of health. This position seeks to find a base in the three characteristics of hoping in a miracle, frequently pointed out by psychological literature: (a) it would imply a negation of reality instead of its confrontation; (b) it would be a coping strategy focused on emotion instead of the problem; (c) it would imply seeking to modify the supposed desire of God by extra-natural facts. In this study, we shall critically discuss this position and the dangers of its crystallization by the use of SRC scales in which the act of praying for a miracle is previously classified as a negative strategy. We revisit some tendencies in psychological literature about the subject, taking into consideration the various facets of miracle, sociocultural facts, elements of idiographic nature, and their profound outcomes in the lives of people especially in health contexts. We illustrate the dangers of a hasty generalization of the results of nomothetic studies about the role of belief in miracle with two examples of research in the Brazilian context: one carried out with pregnant women with fetal malformation and the other with family members caring for children and adolescents with cancer under chemotherapeutic treatment. In both studies, the results do not confirm the predominance of the negative aspects associated with the act of praying for a miracle, which we discuss and analyze in light of the phenomenological perspective. In this perspective, “pray for a miracle”, as experienced by patients and caregivers, can be recognized as an act of openness to life (instead of isolation in a bleak perspective), bolstering hope, and the resignification of reality in the psyche.

This article aims to understand the relationship between reason and musicality in adults. Thus, for better understanding of cognitive abilities influenced by euphonic activity, a quantitative research was conducted with 40 musicians / instrumentalists, between 18 and 64 years (Mean: 32.35 and SD: 11.66), divided into four groups according to organological theory of implementation of instruments: three groups (string, wind or percussion) and a multi-musicians group. In each group was applied Reasoning Tests Battery (BPR-5), comprising the following scales: Verbal Reasoning (RV), Numerical Reasoning (RN), Abstract Reasoning (RA) and Spatial Reasoning (RE). The application of the scales enabled us to understand whether there is relationship between the activity performed and / or instrument used and the performance of the different types of reasoning. Regarding the scales, the group of multi-instrumentalists performed better, in relation to the other musicians, in two of these (RA and RN); the other results of the different groups expressed favorable means based on the standardization of BPR-5. These preliminary results, then, indicate that different types of reasoning can develop and relate to specific types of musicians.

Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da QOE para o contexto esportivo brasileiro, em termos de validade de construto, validade discriminante e confiabilidade. Participaram do estudo 387 atletas e 480 universitários. O QOE carregou um único fator e apresentou excelente capacidade discriminante entre os participantes atletas e não atletas. Conclui-se que o QOE mostrou um bom desempenho psicométrico quando estudado a partir de uma amostra de atletas brasileiros de diferentes modalidades.

Resumo Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, transversal e quantitativo, cujo objetivo foi verificar as alterações da memória e da autoeficácia em 110 idosos, com média de 70,5 anos. Foram utilizados um questionário sociodemográfico, um teste de percepção subjetiva de memória, o questionário de memória Prospectiva e Retrospectiva e a Lista de Aprendizagem Auditivo-Verbal de Rey. Os idosos foram avaliados em um único momento, individualmente, por cerca de 60 minutos. Os resultados do teste de memória apresentaram-se dentro dos padrões esperados para a idade e a escolaridade, com leve desempenho inferior na memória de trabalho e percepção negativa da autoeficácia da memória (82,70%). Tal desempenho foi associado às queixas subjetivas de memória (99,10%), o que pode ser explicado por paradigmas socioculturais atrelados negativamente ao processo de envelhecer.

Abstract Several types of cognitive interventions have been performed with elderly individuals to verify physical and quality of life benefits. The objective of this study was to verify if the cognitive gains found in two cognitive intervention programs are related to changes in the mood, quality of life and physical fitness variables (maximum oxygen consumption, lean mass, fat percentage and handgrip strength). A total of 39 elderly women from the Distrito Federal (Brazil), participating in a cognitive training group based on mnemonic strategies and a group of cognitive stimulation based on perceptual and attention exercises. Both groups showed a tendency to reduce depressive symptoms, an increase in their fat mass and a decrease in their lean mass. Taken together, these findings may contribute to identify the directionality of mnemonic interventions in Brazilian elderly individuals regarding the subjective and physical performance variables.

This study analyzed the level of state-anxiety of swimming athletes based on sex, category, competitive specialty, competitive level and competitive experience. Participants were 178 male (n = 105) and female (n = 73) swimmers with mean age of 15.51 ± 1.9 years at regional, national and international levels. The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CASI-2) was used as instrument. Data analysis was conducted using the independent Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation. The results showed higher levels of self-confidence in males (p = 0.02) and higher levels of cognitive anxiety in females (p = 0.019). Among the competitive specialties, there were differences between levels of cognitive anxiety (p = 0.045) and self-confidence (p = 0.041) of swimmers. Differences were also observed in levels of cognitive anxiety (p = 0.049), somatic anxiety (p = 0.001) and self-confidence (p = 0.047) between swimming competition levels. It was concluded that male swimmers are more self-confident and less anxious than female swimmers and there are different levels of self-confidence and types of anxiety for different competitive specialties and ranking of competitions.

A presente pesquisa investigou os estados de humor de mulheres idosos em diferentes contextos de vida e a percepção das mesmas quanto à importância do lazer em suas vidas. Participaram da amostra 32 idosas residentes de casas-lares e idosas inscritas nas aulas de artesanato de um Centro de Convivência de Idosos. Para avaliação psicológica utilizou-se instrumentos validados no Brasil e um questionário semiestruturado. Os resultados inferem que mulheres que vivem em casas-lares possuem maiores valores de depressão e menor qualidade de vida que mulheres não institucionalizadas e que apesar dos dois grupos terem em seu dia-a-dia atividades de lazer manual, físico-esportivo, o significado que aquelas que estão fora das instituições de longa permanência e que possuem um conhecimento de uma educação pelo e para o lazer dão a este construto é muito diferente daquela que não sabem o porquê de fazer este tipo de atividade.

Introduction. Sarcopenia is defined as the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, associated with aging. A multidisciplinary approach has been increasingly prioritized in elderly care. A technique that has been widely used by the seniors is acupuncture. Objectives. To analyse the effects of acupuncture in muscle strength and in inflammatory markers of older people with sarcopenia. Methods. The sample was composed by 53 elderly people, aged over 60 years. Inclusion criteria were as follows: male and female seniors, sedentary and who were not under acupuncture treatment during the survey period. Assessment of body composition, handgrip strength, and functional test and IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α cytokines analyses were performed. After verification of the physical examination, the subjects were divided into two groups (sarcopenic and nonsarcopenic). The first group was then randomized (by drawing lot) to be further divided into two subgroups: G1, composed of sarcopenic elderly people who received acupuncture intervention, and G2, composed of sarcopenic elderly people who did not receive intervention. The nonsarcopenic elderly people composed the group 3 (G3) and did not receive acupuncture intervention. ANOVA Split Plot was performed for intergroup comparison. For intragroup evaluation, ANOVA was conducted for repeated measures. For the delta values, ANCOVA was performed with the pretest as covariant. A p

Os idosos têm apresentado maior dependência funcional e incapacidade, principalmente as mulheres, em decorrência da redução da massa muscular e óssea e do aumento progressivo da gordura corporal. Estas alterações nos componentes da composição corporal têm sido observadas por meio de diferentes técnicas. Nesse contexto, o objetivo neste estudo foi analisar a validade concorrente das equações de impedância bioelétrica para estimar a massa livre de gordura (MLG), do fabricante Valhalla7 e de Gray et al.8, em idosas brasileiras. A amostra (n= 34), com idade de 60-71 anos e estatura de 140-162cm, foi dividida em dois grupos (n= 17) por gordura relativa (G%) via DEXA: G% ≤41%, G% >41%. A DEXA foi usada como padrão ouro. Todos os coeficientes de correlação foram (r >0,79) satisfatórios. Nos dois grupos, a MLGValhalla (G% ≤41: 36,1±3,4kg; G% >41: 39,3±3,2kg) não diferiu (p >0,01) da MLGDEXA (38,7±3,7kg), no entanto, o EPE (2,114 kg) foi um pouco acima do recomendado no grupo G% >41. A MLGGray diferiu (p

Abstract OBJECTIVE Developing and validating an instrument to evaluate the playfulness of games in health education contexts. METHODOLOGY A methodological, exploratory and descriptive research, developed in two stages: 1. Application of an open questionnaire to 50 graduate students, with content analysis of the answers and calculation of Kappa coefficient for defining items; 2. Procedures for construction of scales, with content validation by judges and analysis of the consensus estimate byContent Validity Index(CVI). RESULTS 53 items regarding the restless character of the games in the dimensions of playfulness, the formative components of learning and the profiles of the players. CONCLUSION Ludicity can be assessed by validated items related to the degree of involvement, immersion and reinvention of the subjects in the game along with the dynamics and playability of the game.

A educação em projetos fora do ambiente escolar é uma possibilidade no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram verificar se o lazer, vivenciado por meio de um projeto dessa natureza, pode promover um processo de educação e identificar a percepção de 5 futuros animadores socioculturais sobre lazer, educação e a relação entre ambos. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o lazer contribui para a formação dos participantes do projeto por meio da educação para e pelo lazer. Os futuros animadores socioculturais apresentam vontade e percepção positiva quanto à utilização do aspecto educacional do lazer e de seus benefícios, e acreditam que a vivência contribuirá na formação pessoal, social e curricular dos alunos. Conclui-se que há a necessidade de formação continuada e de atenção especial dos monitores com o próprio lazer, e da instituição de uma equipe multidisciplinar para atuar na área.

Fatores estressores em Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo (UTI) podem agravar ou retardar a recuperação de pacientes no pós-operatório. Este estudo objetivou identificar estressores na UTI, comparando a percepção de pacientes idosos e adultos no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Foram estudados 40 pacientes, 20 idosos e 20 adultos. Utilizada Escala de Estressores em Terapia Intensiva (EETI), tipo Likert, calculando-se o escore total de estresse para cada paciente e os escores médios para cada item da escala. Tanto os idosos quanto os adultos classificaram os fatores como pouco ou não estressantes. Os idosos relataram sete fatores como significativamente mais estressantes do que os adultos, enquanto os adultos perceberam como mais estressantes dois itens. Concluiu-se que há necessidade de se humanizar a UTI, visando a principalmente os pacientes idosos.

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of fear of falling in elderly with diabetic neuropathy (NPD) living in a community of the Distrito Federal. Were used to evaluate the fear of falling and an objective questionnaire with open questions regarding falls, falls efficacy scale (FES-I), and the Geriatric Depression Scale Short (GDS). It was observed that most of the population has a fear of falling and these happen recurrently (29%), fell by slipping or tripping on something (37%) and felt scared (37%) or were afraid of breaking "something "or even dying (25%).

INTRODUÇÃO: O aumento progressivo no número de casos de HIV/AIDS em idosos traz a necessidade de estudos sobre as especificidades deste fenômeno por região. OBJETIVO: Descrever as características dos casos de AIDS em indivíduos com idade > 60 anos ou mais no Distrito Federal - Brasil. MÉTODO: Realizou-se um estudo de série temporal, com dados secundários do SINAN/AIDS, no período de Janeiro de 1999 a dezembro 2009. RESULTADO: Neste período foram diagnosticados 4258 novos casos de AIDS; destes, 89 (2,0%) são idosos. Embora seja uma porcentagem pequena, o crescimento anual foi contínuo. A categoria de exposição mais frequente foi a de heterossexual, a faixa etária mais acometida foi de 60 a 69 anos com 71 (79,8%) casos, e a proporção de casos homem/mulher vem mudando ao longo dos anos, sendo que em 1999 era de 1:1 e, em 2006, de 0,7:1. CONCLUSÕES: A epidemia de HIV/AIDS pode ser considerada estável entre os idosos no Distrito Federal. INTRODUCTION: The progressive increase in number of HIV/AIDS cases in old age brings the necessity of studies about the specificities of this phenomenon by region. OBJECTIVE: To identify the epidemiology in AIDS cases diagnosed in Distrito Federal - Brasil, in individuals aged > 60 years old. METHODS: We conducted a time serie study with secondary data from SINAN/AIDS for the period January 1999 to December 2009. RESULTS: In this period, 4,258 new cases of AIDS were of whom 89 (2.0%) are elderly. Although a small percentage, the annual growth was continuous. The most frequent exposure category was heterosexual, the age group most affected was 60 and 69 years, with 71 (79.8%) cases; the proportion of cases man/woman has changed over the years, in 1999 was 1:1 and in 2006, 0,7:1. CONCLUSION: The HIV/AIDS epidemic among the elderly can be seen stable on the Distrito Federal.

O estudo objetiva identificar qual a relação existente entre os moradores da cidade de Ceilândia, no Distrito Federal e o JK Shopping, verificando se este Shopping é entendido por esta população como um espaço de atividades lazer e jogos, que vem a ser um dos campos de estudo da educação física. Foram pesquisados 353 frequentadores deste Shopping, que responderam a um questionário e uma pesquisa semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente verificando a média e a frequência das respostas bem como foi realizada análise do discurso. Foi percebido que o consumo não é o fator principal para a frequência a este espaço, assim como a praça da alimentação e o cinema vieram antes das lojas e do consumo na motivação para a frequência ao mesmo. Outro fator importante foi o fato do mesmo ser um local próximo, o que facilita muito sua frequência. O estudo mostrou que novos tempos trazem novas possiblidades para o lazer e sua vivencia.

The objective of the present study was to apply the Interactive Model methodology to the Individualism-Collectivism: Horizontal and Vertical Models to better understand the last model. The sample consisted of 271 individuals and the Idiocentric-Allocentric Athlete Profile Inventory was used. Multiple analyses of variance revealed that when the constructs become polarized, as in the Idiocentric supremacy, greater are the individual needs for differentiation from others, success and achievement. As the constructs get balanced, the individuals tend to present more egalitarian attitudes, and allocentric individuals seek benefits for the group, submission and hierarchy. In conclusion, one can infer that as the fields of idiocentrism and allocentrism become more distant from the bisector, the vertical dominion increases (hierarchy), while a greater proximity with the bisector favors the horizontal dominion (equality). These areas don’t reflect the predominance or not of one construct over the other anymore.

Stereotype is a term designated to some generalized perceptions that people attri-bute to another individual, groups, objects and/or events. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the priorities that nutritionist and triathletes attributed to food to enhance the sport performance. Method: The sample was composed by 56 subjects, splited in two groups: Nutritionists (G1, n = 29) and Triathletes (G2, n = 27). The Intake Food Priority Question-naire (QPA), composed by food groups, was used to evaluate the importance of each food in the athletic performance. Results: To the data analysis, each food was grouped into one of the eight categories designed in nutrition pyramid. An arithmetic means were elaborated to categories and it was performed t tests for independent samples to compare nutritionists and triathletes priorities about each category. There were no differences between groups in Vegetables, Leguminous, Fruits and Sugar/Candies categories and, also, to the black coffee item. However, the triathletes overestimated the Cereals/Breads/Tubercle and Meat/Eggs categories and underestimated the Milk/Dairy Products and Oils/Fat categories. Conclusion: The triathletes overestimated some macronutrients (carbohydrates and proteins) in detriment from another, like lipids.

O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver e validar a Escala de Depressão para Idosos (EDI). Foi elaborado um modelo teórico explicativo da depressão, composto por três categorias: cognitiva, afetiva e somático-motora. Os itens elaborados foram submetidos à análise semântica e de juizes. O instrumento piloto foi aplicado a 340 sujeitos, sendo 88% do sexo feminino, com ensino fundamental completo (67,9%) e idade média de 63,74 (DP = 6,87) anos. A amostra respondeu também ao Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI). Para a validação da escala, foram realizadas análises fatoriais e análise da consistência interna dos itens (alfa de Cronbach). Regressões múltiplas avaliaram o poder de predição dos fatores da EDI sobre o escore final do BDI. A validação da escala demonstrou que a EDI é composta por dois fatores: cognitivo-afetivo e somático-motor, que explicam 53% do BDI (validade convergente). Pode-se afirmar, portanto, que a EDI é formada por fatores que avaliam diferentes aspectos do constructo depressão (validade fatorial), os quais apresentam índices de consistência interna dentro dos padrões psicométricos.The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Depression Scale for the Elderly. An explanatory theoretical model was developed for depression, consisting of three categories: cognitive, affective, and somato-motor. The items elaborated thusly were submitted to semantic analysis and judges. The pilot instrument was applied to 340 subjects, 88% of whom were females, mostly with complete primary education (67.9%), and a mean age of 63.74 (SD = 6.87) years. The sample also responded to the Beck Depression Index (BDI). Validation of the scale was based on factor analyses (Principal Axis Factoring) and analysis of the items' internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha). Multiple regressions evaluated the predictive power of the factors in the depression scale for the elderly on the final BDI score. Scale validation demonstrated that the depression scale for the elderly is composed of two factors: cognitive-affective and somato-motor, which explain 53% of the BDI (convergent validity). One can thus state that the depression scale for the elderly consists of factors that assess different aspects of the depression construct (factor validity), which present internal consistency indices within the psychometric standards.

Pesquisa para investigar práticas, características dos trabalhadores e avaliar efetividade de intervenção educativa foi desenvolvida em setenta farmácias de Brasília e Taguatinga, Brasil, distribuídas em dois grupos; metade das farmácias participou de treinamento sobre DST. Realizou-se 411 visitas de pesquisadores simulando sintomas de DST, que resultaram em: encaminhamento ao médico em cerca de 30% dos atendimentos; indicação de medicamentos em mais de 70% dos atendimentos, embora nas entrevistas apenas 16,4% afirmaram fazê-lo; nenhum tratamento indicado era adequado segundo abordagem sindrômica; recomendações preventivas e tratamento de parceiros foram pouco freqüentes; farmacêuticos recomendaram ida ao médico mais do que balconistas e estes indicaram medicamentos mais do que farmacêuticos. O conhecimento dos trabalhadores sobre DST foi considerado superficial. Após intervenção educativa nenhum dos indicadores apresentou melhora significativa em ambos os grupos. As constatações apontam a necessidade de regulamentação e de intervenção para divulgação de práticas educativas para controle de doenças como as DST e para o uso racional de medicamentos nas farmácias.A quantitative survey was conducted to analyze the type of assistance provided by pharmacy employees for cases of STDs. Simulated customer visits and interviews were conducted in 70 pharmacies in Brasilia and Taguatinga, Brazil, randomly assigned to two groups, one of which participated in educational activities on STDs. There were 411 simulated client visits to the pharmacies, with the following results: recommendation to seek medical care in 30% of cases, while in 70% of cases the pharmacy employees themselves recommended some drug treatment (although only 16.4% admitted to such practice). None of these suggested treatments was appropriate, based on the syndromic approach. Recommendations for prevention and treatment of partners were rare. Pharmacists recommended consulting a physician more frequently than attendants, and the latter recommended medicines more frequently than the former. Pharmacy workers had only superficial knowledge of STDs. After an educational intervention, none of the indicators showed a significant improvement in either group. The observations point to the need for regulation and intervention to publicize educational practices for the control of diseases like STDs and for the rational use of medicines in pharmacies.

O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar se as características do desporto e o biotipo de mulheres atletas desencadeiam a aplicação de estereótipos sexuais. Foram avaliados três grupos que diferiam quanto ao envolvimento com o desporto: a) grupo 1 - formado por atletas, b) grupo 2 - formado por alunos e profissionais de Educação Física e c) grupo 3 - formado por sedentários. O instrumento utilizado foi o Inventário dos Esquemas de Gênero do Autoconceito (IEGA). Análises de variância multivariada (One-Way MANOVA) foram realizadas correlacionando a variável independente "grupo" com os fatores das escalas masculina e feminina (variáveis dependentes) do instrumento. Os resultados demonstraram que os grupos não diferem em relação aos fatores da escala masculina, mas o grupo 3 difere dos demais grupos em relação aos fatores Sensualidade e Responsabilidade da escala feminina. Conclui-se que as características do desporto somadas e o biotipo das atletas contribuem para a aplicação de estereótipos sexuais.

The aging population calls for instruments to assess functional and cognitive impairment in the elderly, aiming to prevent conditions that affect functional abilities. OBJECTIVE: To verify the accuracy and reliability of the Pfeffer (FAQ) scale for the Brazilian elderly population and to evaluate the reliability and reproducibility of the translated version of the Pfeffer Questionnaire. METHODS: The Brazilian version of the FAQ was applied to 110 elderly divided into two groups. Both groups were assessed by two blinded investigators at baseline and again after 15 days. In order to verify the accuracy and reliability of the instrument, sensitivity and specificity measurements for the presence or absence of functional and cognitive decline were calculated for various cut-off points and the ROC curve. Intra and inter-examiner reliability were assessed using the Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS: For the occurrence of cognitive decline, the ROC curve yielded an area under the curve of 0.909 (95%CI of 0.845 to 0.972), sensitivity of 75.68% (95%CI of 93.52% to 100%) and specificity of 97.26%. For the occurrence of functional decline, the ROC curve yielded an area under the curve of 0.851 (95%CI of 64.52% to 87.33%) and specificity of 80.36% (95%CI of 69.95% to 90.76%). The ICC was excellent, with all values exceeding 0.75. On the Bland-Altman plot, intra-examiner agreement was good, with p>0.05 consistently close to 0. A systematic difference was found for inter-examiner agreement. CONCLUSION: The Pfeffer Questionnaire is applicable in the Brazilian elderly population and showed reliability and reproducibility compared to the original test.

Abstract: The adaptation of instruments to other cultural contexts is a complex task that requires careful planning to maintain the content and psychometric properties. One of the most used motor assessment tools in the world is the Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2ed. In this study, we evaluated the factorial organization of the MABC-2 for the age group 8-10 years from the perspective of classical and modern psychometric theory. For this purpose, a group of 350 school children in the city of Manaus (AM, Brazil) was evaluated. The factorial structure of the MABC-2 and a new factorial structure with four factors were tested. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Factor analysis confirmed the original three-factor model. Based on these results, good evidences of validity were produced, based on the internal structure of the MABC-2 proposed by the original authors, confirming its ability to identify disorders in the development of coordination.

Abstract Introduction: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by subjective memory complaints and is considered an intermediate stage between normal and pathological cognitive function. The decline in cognitive function may be associated with low functional performance and alterations in body composition in older adults. Objective: To assess muscle strength, lower extremity functional performance and body composition in elderly women with MCI. Methods: Forty-three elderly women (aged 60-80 years) participated in the study. Participants were divided into two groups: elderly women with MCI (n = 19) and elderly women without MCI (n = 24). To diagnose MCI, we used the instruments proposed by Petersen et al. According to it, the subjects had to have memory complaints that had no effects on basic or instrumental activities of daily living. Muscle strength was assessed via palmar grip strength (PGS) using a dynamometer (Jamar®) and knee extension strength (KES) was assessed using the one-repetition maximum test (1-RM). Lower extremity (LE) functional performance was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and body composition was measured using biometrical impedance analysis (Biodynamics Model 310). Results: There was a significant difference in muscle strength between groups. The group with MCI had lower PGS (p = 0.002) and KES (p = 0.002), when compared to their counterparts. No significant difference between groups was found for the other variables, like SPPB and body composition. We found a positive, significant correlation between SPPB and KES (r = 0.55; p = 0.0001), SPPB and PGS (r = 0.37; p = 0.0155), KES and PGS (r = 0.59; p < 0.0001), and between lean mass and PGS (r = 0.36; p = 0.0184). Conclusion: Elderly women with MCI show reduced LE muscle strength and PGS, but no differences between groups were found for LE functional performance and body composition.

OBJETIVO: Comparar a PaO2 ideal com a encontrada, a PaO2 ideal/FiO2 ambiente com a encontrada e a FiO2 ideal e encontrada em idosos ventilados mecanicamente. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, no qual foram avaliados os idosos ventilados mecanicamente por no mínimo 72 horas e que tiveram três gasometrias seguidas. RESULTADOS: Compuseram a amostra 48 idosos, com média de idade de 74,77±9,36 anos. Houve diferença significativa entre a PaO2 ideal e a encontrada (p