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34 results on '"Girsang, Wardis"'

1. The Effect of Implementing 12/14 Day Harvest Rotation on FFB Production and Harvest Employee Income: Case Study at PT Nusaina Agro Kobi Manise.

Author

Memem, Jusri, Girsang, Wardis, and Damanik, Inta P. N.

Subjects
*CROP rotation, *COCONUT palm, *CROP yields, *FOREIGN exchange, *QUANTITATIVE research
Abstract

The policy regarding crop rotation is relatively new. However, this policy is still being debated, because it is not yet known that a consistent harvest rotation pattern has a significant effect on harvest premiums, FFB production and harvest employee income at PT Nusaina Agro Kobi Manise. This research aims to analyze the effect of 12/14 day harvest rotation and harvest premiums on FFB production and harvest employee income. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS 3.0 Software. The results of the research show the effect of implementing 12/14 day harvest rotation and harvest premiums on FFB production and harvest employee income. It is clear that implementing 12/14 day harvest rotation does not have a direct influence on FFB production and harvest employee income but the implementation of 12/14 day harvest rotation days have an indirect influence through harvest premiums on production and harvest employee income. The t-calculated path coefficient value of 12.140 is greater than the t-table value of 1.96 with a p-value of 0.00 which is smaller than 0.05 so that the variable implementing 12/14 day harvest rotation has a significant effect on the harvest premium variable. The specific indirect effect value of implementing a 12/14 day harvest rotation has an effect on the harvest premium and in turn has an effect on FFB production with a calculated t-value of 2.500 which is greater than the t-table value of 1.96 and with a p-value of 0.013 which is smaller than 0.05 so can be said to have a significant effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Dusung Agroforestry Systems on Ambon Island, Central Maluku, Indonesia: Sustainable Livelihoods, Land Property Rights, and Poverty Reduction.

Author

Girsang, Wardis, Masahiko Matsuda, and Sota Yamamoto

Abstract

Forest land conversion into rice fields, palm oil, and mining caused unsustainable development, deforestation, local wisdom undermining, and persistent poverty in Maluku, Eastern Indonesia. We describe, redefine, and promote the Dusung agroforestry systems. This indigenous technology of Ambon Island is sustainable, fits the local environment, and is adaptable to community resilience to manage external disruptions. We used a partial least square-structural equational model to examine associations among land property rights, plant biodiversity, productivity, livelihoods, and poverty reduction. We surveyed 139 selected heads of households from four villages through in-depth interviews, field observation, and focus group discussions. Dusung agroforestry systems (DAFs) comprise five interdependent subsystems, from the forest to the coast, driven by embedded local values to avoid excessive land and aquatic resource use. Average annual household income from DAFs was above the poverty line, but the poverty rate was high. Agriculture, fishery, and nonfarm are complementary livelihood strategies to support household income. Per the model, secure land property rights and productivity have high performance to support agricultural income and to reduce poverty. This implies that the DAFs should improve as the guardian of community resilience to maintain sustainable ecology and poverty reduction on small islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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28. Fishers' perceived objectives of community-based coastal resource management in the Kei islands, Indonesia

Author

Hoshino, Eriko, van Putten, Ingrid, Girsang, Wardis, Resosudarmo, Budy, Yamazaki, Satoshi, Hoshino, Eriko, van Putten, Ingrid, Girsang, Wardis, Resosudarmo, Budy, and Yamazaki, Satoshi

Abstract

Community-based resource management is a key approach to achieve successful small-scale fisheries and marine conservation. Many local management initiatives worldwide have been successfully managing aquatic resources and livelihoods of communities depending on them. Community-based management is particularly prevalent in small tropical islands where communities are frequently heavily dependent on coral reef ecosystems and small-scale reef fisheries for their livelihoods. Community-based management is, however, not always a panacea since there are inherit trade-offs among multiple objectives which are sometimes accentuated by community heterogeneity. It is well recognized that perceived and real evidence of community benefits are key to attributing success to local community-based management. However, broader understanding of community-based management objectives and how fishers' perceived personal objectives and characteristics affect management outcomes remains limited. We apply a non-linear Principle Component Analysis (PCA) to explore variations in personally held community-based management objectives, based on local surveys for fishing communities in the Kei Islands in Indonesia. We then examine whether these variations also explain their perceptions of environmental and economic outcomes that are achieved by this management systems. In this study important differences are found in the perceptions fishers have of the relative importance of different community management objectives. The value people attribute to aspects of community management can be related to their socio-demographic characteristics and experienced fishers tend to focus more on environmental objectives. Given that strong links were found between community management outcomes and terrestrially based activities there is an opportunity to link in the terrestrial and coastal systems management and achieve multiple objective outcomes

Published
2017

32. Food Security Systems in Indonesia: Challenges and Implications to Food Security in Maluku

Author

GIRSANG, Wardis

Subjects
food security policy, non-rice food self-sufficiency, Maluku, rice food self-sufficiency
Abstract

National food security policy is actually preceded by food self-sufficiency at national level which is focused on rice, corn, soybean, and meat. In fact, the priority target is more focused on rice self-sufficiency to produce as much as of 10 million tons of rice surplus or equals to 75.7 million tons in 2015. This target is achieved by integrating national food security systems. Because Java has complex problems of rice production, particularly in line with agricultural land conversion to non-farm activities, climate change, and small scale farm, therefore all provinces are asked by the central government to support and make the program of rice self-sufficiency as a main indicator to food security. Even though Maluku has 4.6 million ha of agricultural land but only of 20,000 ha of the land is cultivated by wet land rice that produced around 80,000 tons of rice or 50% of total rice demand in Maluku Province. This implies that rice self-sufficiency is very difficult to achieve because it needs three folds of rice land area and this is probably not suitable to apply in Maluku. Expansion of the wet land rice should be discontinued but intensification should be continued on the existing rice field. On the contrary, the area of agricultural land that suitable to dry land food crops is accounted around of 718,466 ha. Location specific, optimalization, clustering, regulation, and expansion of the area of dry land food crops, particularly for up land rice, sago palm, cassava, sweet potato, breadfruit, and corn, should be made as a main indicator of non-rice food self-sufficiency, food security, and nutrition security development in Maluku.

33. Socio-economic factors that have influenced the decline of sago consumption in small islands: a case in Rural Maluku, Indonesia

Author

GIRSANG, Wardis

Subjects
rice, food and beverages, food security, household expenditure, Seram, local food
Abstract

Even though the cost of rice tends to increase due to uncertain production, unpredictable climate change, water shortage and limited productive rice land, around 95% of Indonesian people still depend on rice as a staple food. In Maluku Province, there are around 52,000 ha of sago forest, and potentially able to produce carbohydrate of more than 268 kg/capita/year for 1.55 million of the Maluku population. Sago and other local foods were the main staple food for the local community. However, sago consumption has decreased considerably whilst rice consumption has increased significantly in the last decade. The objectives of this study were to identify the potential of sago production and socio-economic factors to influence the decline of sago consumption. Data was collected from 75 farmer households in three sago villages by using mix methods including interviews, field observation and focus group discussion. Research results show that household expenditure for sago consumption was 5.4%, 2.4% and 0.8% in selected villages, whilst rice consumption increased up to 15.8%, 20.8% and 38.6% respectively in the same villages. The decline of sago consumption relates to national rice policies and the social and cultural perception of sago. This suggests that a food security should be revitalized, otherwise dependency on imported rice will become a threat to regional food security sustainability in the small islands of Maluku.

34. A Bayesian belief network model for community-based coastal resource management in the Kei Islands, Indonesia.

Author

Eriko Hoshino, van Putten, Ingrid, Girsang, Wardis, Resosudarmo, Budy P., and Satoshi Yamazaki

Subjects
*ECOSYSTEM management, *COASTAL zone management, *FISHING villages, *COASTAL development, *BAYESIAN analysis
Abstract

Understanding the specific relationships between ecological and socioeconomic conditions and marine tenure is likely to contribute to successful functioning of self-governance institutions for common-pool resources. Complex interrelationships of factors influencing fishing activities of coastal communities and implementation of customary marine tenure over their waters can be represented in a Bayesian belief network model. We developed a Bayesian belief network model that includes the links between factors for fishing communities in the Kei Islands in Indonesia, based on indepth local surveys. Our results showed that the cumulative impacts of multiple factors on key social, economic, and environmental outcomes can be much larger than the impact from a single source, which implies that management or policy intervention could be more effective when addressing multiple factors simultaneously. The local community's perception of fish stock abundance trends was the single most important factor influencing social, economic, and environmental outcomes of their community-based management system. The frequency of which outsiders were sighted in territorial waters was strongly (negatively) linked to weak or strong implementation of a customary tenure (Sasi) and the occurrence of intervillage and intravillage conflict. Ecological variables also drive these conflicts, which illustrates the close connection between ecological and social outcomes, and the importance of considering social-ecological systems as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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