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18,194 results on '"Girault, A"'

1. Clinical research and methodology What usage and what hierarchical order for secondary endpoints?

Author

Laporte, Silvy, Diviné, Marine, Girault, Danièle, Boutouyrie, Pierre, Chassany, Olivier, Cucherat, Michel, de Trogoff, Hervé, Dubois, Sophie, Fouret, Cecile, Hoog-Labouret, Natalie, Jolliet, Pascale, Mismetti, Patrick, Porcher, Raphaël, Rey-Coquais, Cécile, and Vicaut, Eric

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

In a randomised clinical trial, when the result of the primary endpoint shows a significant benefit, the secondary endpoints are scrutinised to identify additional effects of the treatment. However, this approach entails a risk of concluding that there is a benefit for one of these endpoints when such benefit does not exist (inflation of type I error risk). There are mainly two methods used to control the risk of drawing erroneous conclusions for secondary endpoints. The first method consists of distributing the risk over several co-primary endpoints, so as to maintain an overall risk of 5%. The second is the hierarchical test procedure, which consists of first establishing a hierarchy of the endpoints, then evaluating each endpoint in succession according to this hierarchy while the endpoints continue to show statistical significance. This simple method makes it possible to show the additional advantages of treatments and to identify the factors that differentiate them.

Published
2024
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4. Brain volumes, cognitive, and adaptive skills in school-age children with Down syndrome

Author

Grzadzinski, Rebecca, Mata, Kattia, Bhatt, Ambika S., Jatkar, Alapika, Garic, Dea, Shen, Mark D., Girault, Jessica B., St. John, Tanya, Pandey, Juhi, Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie, Estes, Annette, Shen, Audrey M., Dager, Stephen, Schultz, Robert, Botteron, Kelly, Marrus, Natasha, Styner, Martin, Evans, Alan, Kim, Sun Hyung, McKinstry, Robert, Gerig, Guido, Piven, Joseph, and Hazlett, Heather

Published
2024
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13. A Static Analysis for the Minimization of Voters in Fault-Tolerant Circuits

Author

Burlyaev, Dmitry, Fradet, Pascal, and Girault, Alain

Subjects
digital circuits, fault-tolerance, optimization, static analysis, triple modular redundancy, Technology, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Electronics, TK7800-8360
Abstract

We present a formal approach to minimize the number of voters in triple-modular redundant (TMR) sequential circuits. Our technique actually works on a single copy of the TMR circuit and considers a large class of fault mo dels of the form “at most 1 Single-Event Upset (SEU) or Single-Event Transient (SET) every k clock cycles”. Verification-based voter minimization guarantees that the resulting TMR circuit (i) is fault tolerant to the soft-errors defined by the fault model and (ii) is functionally equivalent to the initial TMR circuit. Our approach operates at the logic level and takes into account the input and output interface specifications of the circuit. Its implementation makes use of graph traversal algorithms, fixed-point iterations, and binary decision diagrams (BDD). Experimental results on the ITC’99 benchmark suite indicate that our method significantly decreases the number of inserted voters, yielding a hardware reduction of up to 55% and a clock frequency increase of up to 35% compared to full TMR. As our experiments show, if the SEU fault-model is replaced with the stricter fault-model of SET, it has a minor impact on the number of removed voters. On the other hand, BDD-based modelling of SET effects represents a more complex task than the modelling of an SEU as a bit-flip. We propose solutions for this task and explain the nature of encountered problems. We address scalability issues arising from formal verification with approximations and assess their efficiency and precision.

Published
2018
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14. Radiotherapy for non-cancer diseases: benefits and long-term risks.

Author

Thariat, Juliette, Little, Mark, Zablotska, Lydia, Samson, Pamela, OBanion, M, Leuraud, Klervi, Bergom, Carmen, Girault, Gilles, Azimzadeh, Omid, Bouffler, Simon, and Hamada, Nobuyuki

Subjects
Humans, Radiotherapy Dosage, Alzheimer Disease, COVID-19, Osteoarthritis, Tachycardia, Ventricular, Radiotherapy
Abstract

PURPOSE: The discovery of X-rays was followed by a variety of attempts to treat infectious diseases and various other non-cancer diseases with ionizing radiation, in addition to cancer. There has been a recent resurgence of interest in the use of such radiotherapy for non-cancer diseases. Non-cancer diseases for which use of radiotherapy has currently been proposed include refractory ventricular tachycardia, neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Alzheimers disease and dementia), and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia, all with ongoing clinical studies that deliver radiation doses of 0.5-25 Gy in a single fraction or in multiple daily fractions. In addition to such non-cancer effects, historical indications predominantly used in some countries (e.g. Germany) include osteoarthritis and degenerative diseases of the bones and joints. This narrative review gives an overview of the biological rationale and ongoing preclinical and clinical studies for radiotherapy proposed for various non-cancer diseases, discusses the plausibility of the proposed biological rationale, and considers the long-term radiation risks of cancer and non-cancer diseases. CONCLUSIONS: A growing body of evidence has suggested that radiation represents a double-edged sword, not only for cancer, but also for non-cancer diseases. At present, clinical evidence has shown some beneficial effects of radiotherapy for ventricular tachycardia, but there is little or no such evidence of radiotherapy for other newly proposed non-cancer diseases (e.g. Alzheimers disease, COVID-19 pneumonia). Patients with ventricular tachycardia and COVID-19 pneumonia have thus far been treated with radiotherapy when they are an urgent life threat with no efficient alternative treatment, but some survivors may encounter a paradoxical situation where patients were rescued by radiotherapy but then get harmed by radiotherapy. Further studies are needed to justify the clinical use of radiotherapy for non-cancer diseases, and optimize dose to diseased tissue while minimizing dose to healthy tissue.

Published
2024

15. A global multicohort study to map subcortical brain development and cognition in infancy and early childhood.

Author

Alex, Ann, Aguate, Fernando, Botteron, Kelly, Buss, Claudia, Chong, Yap-Seng, Dager, Stephen, Donald, Kirsten, Entringer, Sonja, Fair, Damien, Fortier, Marielle, Gaab, Nadine, Gilmore, John, Girault, Jessica, Graham, Alice, Groenewold, Nynke, Hazlett, Heather, Lin, Weili, Meaney, Michael, Piven, Joseph, Qiu, Anqi, Rasmussen, Jerod, Roos, Annerine, Schultz, Robert, Skeide, Michael, Stein, Dan, Styner, Martin, Thompson, Paul, Turesky, Ted, Wadhwa, Pathik, Zar, Heather, Zöllei, Lilla, de Los Campos, Gustavo, and Knickmeyer, Rebecca

Subjects
Male, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Child, Preschool, Child, Premature Birth, Cognition, Brain, Neuroimaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract

The human brain grows quickly during infancy and early childhood, but factors influencing brain maturation in this period remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we harmonized data from eight diverse cohorts, creating one of the largest pediatric neuroimaging datasets to date focused on birth to 6 years of age. We mapped the developmental trajectory of intracranial and subcortical volumes in ∼2,000 children and studied how sociodemographic factors and adverse birth outcomes influence brain structure and cognition. The amygdala was the first subcortical volume to mature, whereas the thalamus exhibited protracted development. Males had larger brain volumes than females, and children born preterm or with low birthweight showed catch-up growth with age. Socioeconomic factors exerted region- and time-specific effects. Regarding cognition, males scored lower than females; preterm birth affected all developmental areas tested, and socioeconomic factors affected visual reception and receptive language. Brain-cognition correlations revealed region-specific associations.

Published
2024

16. White matter development and language abilities during infancy in autism spectrum disorder

Author

McFayden, Tyler C., Rutsohn, Joshua, Cetin, Gizem, Forsen, Elizabeth, Swanson, Meghan R., Meera, Shoba S., Wolff, Jason J., Elison, Jed T., Shen, Mark D., Botteron, Kelly, Dager, Stephen R., Estes, Annette, Gerig, Guido, McKinstry, Robert C., Pandey, Juhi, Schultz, Robert, St. John, Tanya, Styner, Martin, Truong, Young, Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie, Hazlett, Heather C., Piven, Joseph, and Girault, Jessica B.

Published
2024
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19. Joint Graph and Vertex Importance Learning

Author

Girault, Benjamin, Pavez, Eduardo, and Ortega, Antonio

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

In this paper, we explore the topic of graph learning from the perspective of the Irregularity-Aware Graph Fourier Transform, with the goal of learning the graph signal space inner product to better model data. We propose a novel method to learn a graph with smaller edge weight upper bounds compared to combinatorial Laplacian approaches. Experimentally, our approach yields much sparser graphs compared to a combinatorial Laplacian approach, with a more interpretable model., Comment: submitted to 2023 31st European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

Published
2023

20. Les miroirs médiévaux : réflexions génériques et genrées

Author

Clémentine Girault and Jeanne Mousnier-Lompré

Subjects
literary genre, reception, epistemology, library, codicology, didactic literature, Language and Literature
Abstract

In Technologies of Gender (1987), Teresa de Lauretis proposed to conceive of gender as a relationship generated by "social technologies," among which the cinematic apparatus. This co-authored article suggests examining another optical device, both material and metaphorical: the literary mirror. Teresa de Lauretis had clearly identified the role of scholarly discourse in the (re)production of gender, and historiography dedicated to « mirrors » is no exception. Ignoring the question of gender, this discourse produces a gendered, binary, and asymmetrical reception of texts addressed to male and female audiences. While these texts aim to « engender » subjects through their prescriptive writing, the medieval educational treatises, both in the body of the text and in their materiality, present multiple facets that go beyond the gendered distribution of the initial address. It is in this « hors-champ » space, created by the libraries, the manuscripts and the « public », that gender categories can be transcended.

Published
2024

21. CO[subscript 2] Capture and Conversion: A Homemade Experimental Approach

Author

Acuña-Girault, Adalberto, Gómez del Campo-Rábago, Ximena, Contreras-Ruiz, Marco Antonio, and Ibanez, Jorge G.

Abstract

During the SARS-2-COVID pandemic our institution sought to continue the teaching and learning of experimental laboratories by designing, assembling, and delivering a microscale chemistry kit to the students' homes. Thanks to this approach students were able to perform [approximately]25 experiments during each one of the Fall 2020 and Spring 2021 semesters in an elective Electrochemistry and Corrosion course offered to Chemical Engineering undergraduates. In addition to performing traditional experiments, students were encouraged to design some of their own and have the entire group reproduce them. One of such student-designed experiments involved the capture of CO[subscript 2] and its reduction with a readily available active metal (i.e., Al foil) in aqueous media to generate potentially useful products. The highly negative standard potential of Al is exploited for the reduction of lab-generated CO[subscript 2], and the products are chemically tested. Al as a foil has been reported to be electrochemically inactive for carbon dioxide reduction. However, encouraged by an earlier report of the reduction of CO[subscript 2] to CO, the Al surface is activated in the present experiment by removal of its natural oxide layer with a solution of CuCl[subscript 2] produced in an electrochemical cell. This procedure enables Al to react with CO[subscript 2] and yield useful chemistry. This experiment turned to be a discovery trip. The detailed procedure is discussed here, as well as the teaching methodology, grading scheme, and student outcomes.

Published
2022

22. Genetic Influences on the Developing Young Brain and Risk for Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Author

Alex, Ann M, Buss, Claudia, Davis, Elysia Poggi, de los Campos, Gustavo, Donald, Kirsten A, Fair, Damien A, Gaab, Nadine, Gao, Wei, Gilmore, John H, Girault, Jessica B, Grewen, Karen, Groenewold, Nynke A, Hankin, Benjamin L, Ipser, Jonathan, Kapoor, Shreya, Kim, Pilyoung, Lin, Weili, Luo, Shan, Norton, Elizabeth S, O’Connor, Thomas G, Piven, Joseph, Qiu, Anqi, Rasmussen, Jerod M, Skeide, Michael A, Stein, Dan J, Styner, Martin A, Thompson, Paul M, Wakschlag, Laurie, Knickmeyer, Rebecca, and group, for the ENIGMA ORIGINs

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Biological Psychology, Psychology, Pediatric Research Initiative, Genetic Testing, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Mental Health, Neurosciences, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Pediatric, Prevention, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Mental health, Neurological, Female, Pregnancy, Child, Preschool, Humans, Brain, Mental Disorders, Neuroimaging, Phenotype, ENIGMA ORIGINs group, Childhood, Imaging, Infant, Magnetic resonance imaging, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Imaging genetics provides an opportunity to discern associations between genetic variants and brain imaging phenotypes. Historically, the field has focused on adults and adolescents; very few imaging genetics studies have focused on brain development in infancy and early childhood (from birth to age 6 years). This is an important knowledge gap because developmental changes in the brain during the prenatal and early postnatal period are regulated by dynamic gene expression patterns that likely play an important role in establishing an individual's risk for later psychiatric illness and neurodevelopmental disabilities. In this review, we summarize findings from imaging genetics studies spanning from early infancy to early childhood, with a focus on studies examining genetic risk for neuropsychiatric disorders. We also introduce the Organization for Imaging Genomics in Infancy (ORIGINs), a working group of the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) consortium, which was established to facilitate large-scale imaging genetics studies in infancy and early childhood.

Published
2023

23. LIT01-196, a Metabolically Stable Apelin-17 Analog, Normalizes Blood Pressure in Hypertensive DOCA-Salt Rats via a NO Synthase-dependent Mechanism

Author

Flahault, Adrien, Keck, Mathilde, Girault-Sotias, Pierre-Emmanuel, Esteoulle, Lucie, de Mota, Nadia, Bonnet, Dominique, and Llorens-Cortes, Catherine

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract

Apelin is a neuro-vasoactive peptide that plays a major role in the control of cardiovascular functions and water balance, but has an in-vivo half-life in the minute range, limiting its therapeutic use. We previously developed LIT01-196, a systemically active metabolically stable apelin-17 analog, produced by chemical addition of a fluorocarbon chain to the N-terminal part of apelin-17. LIT01-196 behaves as a potent full agonist for the apelin receptor and has an in vivo half-life in the bloodstream of 28 min after intravenous (i.v.) and 156 min after subcutaneous (s.c.) administrations in conscious normotensive rats. We aimed to investigate the effects of LIT01-196 following systemic administrations on arterial blood pressure, heart rate, fluid balance and electrolytes in conscious normotensive and hypertensive deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt rats. Acute i.v. LIT01-196 administration, in increasing doses, dose-dependently decreases arterial blood pressure with ED 50 values of 9.8 and 3.1 nmol/kg in normotensive and hypertensive rats, respectively. This effect occurs for both via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Moreover, acute s.c. LIT01-196 administration (90 nmol/kg) normalizes arterial blood pressure in conscious hypertensive DOCA-salt rats for more than 7 h. The LIT01-196-induced blood pressure decrease remains unchanged after 4 consecutive daily s.c. administrations of 90 nmol/kg, and does not induce any alteration of plasma sodium and potassium levels and kidney function as shown by the lack of change in plasma creatinine and urea nitrogen levels. Activating the apelin receptor with LIT01-196 may constitute a novel approach for the treatment of hypertension.

Published
2022
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25. Inotuzumab Ozogamicin and Low-Intensity Chemotherapy in Older Patients With Newly Diagnosed CD22+ Philadelphia Chromosome–Negative B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Author

Chevallier, Patrice, Leguay, Thibaut, Delord, Marc, Salek, Cyril, Kim, Rathana, Huguet, Françoise, Hicheri, Yosr, Wartiovaara-Kautto, Ulla, Raffoux, Emmanuel, Cluzeau, Thomas, Balsat, Marie, Roth-Guepin, Gabrielle, Tavernier, Emmanuelle, Lepretre, Stephane, Bilger, Karin, Bergugnat, Hugo, Berceanu, Ana, Alexis, Magda, Doubek, Michael, Brissot, Eolia, Hunault-Berger, Mathilde, Lebon, Delphine, Turlure, Pascal, Chantepie, Sylvain, Belhabri, Amine, Wickenhauser, Stefan, Bastie, Jean-Noel, Cacheux, Victoria, Himberlin, Chantal, Banos, Anne, Gardin, Claude, Bonnet, Sarah, Plantier, Isabelle, Pica, Gian Matteo, Escoffre-Barbe, Martine, Boissel, Nicolas, Dombret, Herve, Clappier, Emmanuelle, Rousselot, Philippe, Lebon, Delphine, Charbonnier, Amandine, Assouan, Deborah, Hubert, Amandine, Quint, Marine, Kossi, Fulvia Guenbem, Deruche, Elodie, Hunault, Mathilde, Marie, Céline, Banos, Anne, Robin, Jean-Baptiste, Gay, Julie, Capdupuy, Claudie, Labarrere, Sévérine, Vincent, Edith, Simonet-Boissard, Marion, BeRceanu, Ana, Larosa, Fabrice, Desbrosses, Yohan, Boiteux, Guillaume, Dufour, Vinciane, Tissot, Elise, Braun, Thorsten, Gardin, Pr Claude, Vidal, Valérie, Edouart, Geoffrey, Chantepie, Sylvain, Vilque, Jean-Pierre, Johnson Ansah, Hyacinthe, Lebouvier, Angélique, Zapalovicz, Marie Charlotte, Renault, Léa, Gian Matteo, Pica, Courouau, Alix, Prieur, Fabienne, Dupre, Charlene, Cacheux, Victoria, De Renzis, Benoit, Chaleteix, Carine, Fayard, Amandine, Roy, Gwendoline, Bastie, Jean-Noël, Caillot, Denis, Devaux, Laetitia, Chevallier, Patrice, Lebourgeois, Amandine, Bonnet, Antoine, Peterlin, Pierre, Lok, Anne, Guilllaume, Thierry, Fontaine, Alexis Morice, Turlure, Pascal, Touati, Mohamed, Kennel, Céline, Dmytruck, Natalya, Abraham, Julie, Jaccard, Arnaud, Remenieras, Liliane, Girault, Stéphane, Gourin, Marie Pierre, Penot, Amélie, Moreau, Stéphane, Philipon, Céline, Roche, Delphine, Belhabri, Amine, Gilis, Lila, Virelizier, Nicolas, Michalet, Anne-Sophie, Monfray, Jérémy, Balsat, Marie, Thomas, Xavier, Praire, Aline, Guepin, Gabrielle Roth, Bonmati, Caroline, Moulin, Charline, Jacquet, Caroline, Carpodomi, Anne, Bouillet, Hélène, Carpentier, Odile, Montero, Mélanie, Pires, Aude, Gastaud, Lauris, Gama, Anastasia, Coelle, Céline, Karmout, Sonia, Cluzeau, Thomas, Loschi, Michael, Lechardeur, Jessica, Chokri, Hatroubi, Broussot, Loic, Wickenhauser, Stefan, Waulthier, Agathe, Jourdan, Eric, Scherman, Elodie, Umuhire, Diane, Damiano, Maria Alessandra, Hicheri, Yors, Saillard, Colombe, DʼIncan, Evelyne, Hospital, Marie-Anne, LʼAttention, Jean Laurent, Rabah, Mme Nassima, Cesari, Laura Castillo, Gehlkopf, Eve, Vincent, Laure, Navarro, Robert, Quittet, Philippe, Fegueux, Nathalie, Ceballos, Patrice, Marin, Fanny Baguet, Sabadash, Véra, Alexis, Magda, Ochmann, Marlène, Laboure, Nina Akakelyan, Bembrahmi, Omar, Michel, Olivier, Ouahrawi, Brahim, Brissot, Eolia, Legrand, Olivier, Vekhoff, Anne, Isnard, Françoise, Sa, Sara E., Dombret, Hervé, Raffoux, Emmanuel, Lenguine, Etienne, Rabian, Florence, Lebras, Karine Celli, Fauvaux, Catherine, Leguay, Thibaut, Gros, François-Xavier, Debus, Cazaubiel, Titouan, Melot, Cyril, Dematteis, Valentin, Messina, Antonella, Himberlin, Chantal, Le, Quoc-Hung, Maggi, Lucia, Barre, Martine Escoffre, Moignet, Aline, De Guibert, Sophie, Bernard, Marc, Decaux, Olivier, de la Chapelle, Thierry Lamy, Nimubona, Stanislas, Kadende, Mme Erica, Flavigny, Aloyse, Plantier, Isabelle, Detourmignies, Laurence, Wemeau, Mathieu, Dervite, Isabelle, Dernivoix, Kathy, Camille, Mme, Denizart, Ingrid, Lepretre, Stéphane, Stamatoullas-Bastard, Aspasia, Fontoura, Marie-Laure, Jardin, Fabrice, Menard, Anne-Lise, Camus, Vincent, Lanic, Helene, Contentin, Nathalie, Cardinael, Nathalie, Lemasle-Hue, Emilie, Alani, Mustafa, Lebreton, Pierre, Atia, Youcef, Bilger, Karin, Ledoux, Marie-Pierre, Sonntag, Cécile, Collin, Camille, Tavernier, Emmanuelle, Guyotat, Denis, Soglu, Gilbert, Le Jeune, Caroline, Cornillon, Jérôme, Durieux, Coralie, Lavoué, Céline, Miler, Dorante, Huguet, Françoise, Tavitian, Suzanne, Soldan, Justine, Rousselot, Philippe, Rigaudeau, Sophie, Philippe, Laure, Lambert, Juliette, Besson, Caroline, Cabannes, Aurélie, Longval, Thomas, Taksin, Anne-Laure, Bah, Mariama, BeulayGue, Anaïs, Doubek, Michael, Folber, Frantisek, Hrabovsky, Stepan, Brzonova, Jana, Vejsadova, Hana, Salek, Cyril, Novotova, Elena, Mertova, Jolana, Brzonova, Jana, Vejsadova, Hana, Wartiovaara-Kautto, Ulla, Salonen, Minna, and Vaalas, Saara

Published
2024
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26. First production of X-rays at the ThomX high-intensity Compton source

Author

Jacquet, Marie, Alexandre, Patrick, Alkadi, Muath, Alves, Manuel, Amer, Manar, Amoudry, Loic, Auguste, Didier, Babigeon, Jean-Luc, Balcou, Philippe, Baltazar, Michel, Benabderrahmane, Chamseddine, el Fekih, Rachid Ben, Benoit, Alain, Berteaud, Philippe, Biagini, Marica, Blin, Alexandre, Bobault, Sébastien, Bonanzingamarco, Marco, Bonenfant, Jean, Bonis, Julien, Bouanani, Yazid, Bouaziz, Said, Bouvet, François, Bravin, Alberto, Bruni, Christelle, Bruyere, Cyril, Bzyl, Harold, Cassinari, Lodovico, Cassou, Kevin, Cayla, Jean-Noël, Chabaud, Thomas, Chaikovska, Iryna, Chance, Sophie, Chapelle, Christophe, Chaumat, Vincent, Chiche, Ronic, Cobessi, Alain, Cormier, Eric, Cornebise, Patrick, Couprie, Marie-Emmanuelle, Cuoq, Renaud, Dalifard, Olivier, Degallaix, Jérôme, Delerue, Nicolas, Del Net, William, Diaz, Antonio, Dietrich, Yannick, Diop, Massamba, Dorkel, Remy, Douillet, Denis, Drebot, Illya, Dugal, Jean-Phillipe, Dupraz, Kevin, Dupuy, Eric, El Ajjouri, Moussa, El Kamchi, Noureddine, El Khaldi, Mohamed, Elleaume, Hélène, Ergenlik, Ezgi, Estève, François, Favier, Pierre, Fernandez, Marco, Gamelin, Alexis, Garaut, Jean-François, Garolfi, Luca, Gauron, Philippe, Gauthier, Frédéric, Girault, Pascal, Gonnin, Alexandre, Grasset, Denis, Guerard, Eric, Guler, Hayg, Haissinski, Jacques, Hazemann, Jean-Louis, Helder, Dias, Herbeaux, Christian, Herry, Emmanuel, Hodeau, Jean-Louis, Horodynski, Jean-Michel, Hubert, Nicolas, Iaquaniello, Gregory, Jacquet, Philippe, Jeantet, Philippe, Jehanno, Didier, Jules, Eric, Kapoujyan, Grigor, Kubytskyi, Viacheslav, Labat, Marie, Labaye, François, Lacipière, Jerome, Lacroix, Mickaël, Lahéra, Eric, Langlet, Marc, Lebarillec, Titouan, Ledu, Jean-François, Le Duc, Géraldine, Le Guidec, Damien, Leluan, Bruno, Lepercq, Pierre, Lestrade, Alain, Letellier-cohen, Frédéric, Letrésor, Antoine, Lhermite, Jérôme, Liu, Xing, Lopes, Robert, Loulergue, Alexandre, Louvet, Marc, Mageur, Christophe, Marchand, Patrick, Marie, Rodolphe, Marrucho, Jean-Claude, Marteau, Fabrice, Martens, Aurélien, Mercadier, Gabriel, Mercier, Bruno, Michel, Christophe, Mistretta, Eric, Monard, Hugues, Moutardier, Alexandre, Muller, Didier, Nadji, Amor, Nadolski, Laurent, Nagaoka, Ryutaro, Neveu, Olivier, Nutarelli, Daniele, Omeich, Maher, Pedeau, Dominique, Peinaud, Yann, Perroux, Gilles, Pérus, Antoine, Petit, Sylvain, Petrilli, Yannick, Pichet, Marc, Pieyre, Bernard, Pinard, Laurent, Plaige, Eric, Pollina, Jean Pierre, Prévost, Christophe, Proux, Olivier, Ribeiro, Fernand, Robert, Pierre, Ros, Manuel, Roulet, Thomas, Roux, Raphael, Roy, Emmanuel, Rudnicky, Philippe, Salvia, Julien, Sebdaoui, Mourad, Sierra, Serge, Soskov, Viktor, Sreedharan, Rajesh, Susini, Jean, Taurigna-Quéré, Monique, Trochet, Stéphane, Vallerand, Cynthia, Variola, Alessandro, Veteran, José, Vitez, Olivier, Walter, Philippe, Wicek, François, Wurth, Sébastien, and Zomer, Fabian

Published
2024
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46. Two Channel Filter Banks on Arbitrary Graphs with Positive Semi Definite Variation Operators

Author

Pavez, Eduardo, Girault, Benjamin, Ortega, Antonio, and Chou, Philip A.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

We propose novel two-channel filter banks for signals on graphs. Our designs can be applied to arbitrary graphs, given a positive semi definite variation operator, while using arbitrary vertex partitions for downsampling. The proposed generalized filter banks (GFBs) also satisfy several desirable properties including perfect reconstruction and critical sampling, while having efficient implementations. Our results generalize previous approaches that were only valid for the normalized Laplacian of bipartite graphs. Our approach is based on novel graph Fourier transforms (GFTs) given by the generalized eigenvectors of the variation operator. These GFTs are orthogonal in an alternative inner product space which depends on the downsampling and variation operators. Our key theoretical contribution is showing that the spectral folding property of the normalized Laplacian of bipartite graphs, at the core of bipartite filter bank theory, can be generalized for the proposed GFT if the inner product matrix is chosen properly. In addition, we study vertex domain and spectral domain properties of GFBs and illustrate their probabilistic interpretation using Gaussian graphical models. While GFBs can be defined given any choice of a vertex partition for downsampling, we propose an algorithm to optimize these partitions with a criterion that favors balanced partitions with large graph cuts, which are shown to lead to efficient and stable GFB implementations. Our numerical experiments show that partition-optimized GFBs can be implemented efficiently on 3D point clouds with hundreds of thousands of points (nodes), while also improving the color signal representation quality over competing state-of-the-art approaches., Comment: 19 pages, 12 Figures

Published
2022
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47. Symmetry in Signals: A New Insight

Author

Jean-Marc Girault

Subjects
symmetry, distortion, symmetry group, irreversibility, signal, symmetrometry, Science, Astrophysics, QB460-466, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Symmetry is a fundamental property of many natural systems, which is observable through signals. In most out-of-equilibrium complex dynamic systems, the observed signals are asymmetric. However, for certain operating modes, some systems have demonstrated a resurgence of symmetry in their signals. Research has naturally focused on examining time invariance to quantify this symmetry. Measures based on the statistical and harmonic properties of signals have been proposed, but most of them focused on harmonic distortion without explicitly measuring symmetry. This paper introduces a new mathematical framework based on group theory for analyzing signal symmetry beyond time invariance. It presents new indicators to evaluate different types of symmetry in non-stochastic symmetric signals. Both periodic and non-periodic symmetric signals are analyzed to formalize the problem. The study raises critical questions about the completeness of symmetry in signals and proposes a new classification for periodic and non-periodic signals that goes beyond the traditional classification based on Fourier coefficients. Furthermore, new measures such as “symmetrometry” and “distorsymmetry” are introduced to quantify symmetry. These measures outperform traditional indicators like Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and provide a more accurate measurement of symmetry in complex signals from applications where duty cycle plays a major role.

Published
2024
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48. Mort fœtale : consensus formalisé d’experts du Collège national des gynécologues et obstétriciens français

Author

Garabedian, Charles, Sibiude, Jeanne, Anselem, Olivia, Attie-Bittach, Tania, Bertholdt, Charline, Blanc, Julie, Dap, Matthieu, de Mézerac, Isabelle, Fischer, Catherine, Girault, Aude, Guerby, Paul, Le Gouez, Agnès, Madar, Hugo, Quibel, Thibaud, Tardy, Véronique, Stirnemann, Julien, Vialard, François, Vivanti, Alexandre, Sananès, Nicolas, and Verspyck, Eric

Published
2024
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