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2. Application of the Athlete Biological Passport Approach to the Detection of Growth Hormone Doping

Author

Equey, Tristan, Pastor, Antoni, de la Torre Fornell, Rafael, Thomas, Andreas, Giraud, Sylvain, Thevis, Mario, Kuuranne, Tiia, Baume, Norbert, Barroso, Osquel, Aikin, Reid, Equey, Tristan, Pastor, Antoni, de la Torre Fornell, Rafael, Thomas, Andreas, Giraud, Sylvain, Thevis, Mario, Kuuranne, Tiia, Baume, Norbert, Barroso, Osquel, and Aikin, Reid

Abstract

Context Because of its anabolic and lipolytic properties, growth hormone (GH) use is prohibited in sport. Two methods based on population-derived decision limits are currently used to detect human GH (hGH) abuse: the hGH Biomarkers Test and the Isoforms Differential Immunoassay. Objective We tested the hypothesis that longitudinal profiling of hGH biomarkers through application of the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) has the potential to flag hGH abuse. Methods Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and procollagen III peptide (P-III-NP) distributions were obtained from 7 years of anti-doping data in elite athletes (n = 11 455) and applied as priors to analyze individual profiles from an hGH administration study in recreational athletes (n = 35). An open-label, randomized, single-site, placebo-controlled administration study was carried out with individuals randomly assigned to 4 arms: placebo, or 3 different doses of recombinant hGH. Serum samples were analyzed for IGF-1, P-III-NP, and hGH isoforms and the performance of a longitudinal, ABP-based approach was evaluated. Results An ABP-based approach set at a 99% specificity level flagged 20/27 individuals receiving hGH treatment, including 17/27 individuals after cessation of the treatment. ABP sensitivity ranged from 12.5% to 71.4% across the hGH concentrations tested following 7 days of treatment, peaking at 57.1% to 100% after 21 days of treatment, and was maintained between 37.5% and 71.4% for the low and high dose groups 1 week after cessation of treatment. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that longitudinal profiling of hGH biomarkers can provide suitable performance characteristics for use in anti-doping programs.

Published
2022

3. Methods for Doping Detection

Author

Ponzetto, Federico, primary, Giraud, Sylvain, additional, Leuenberger, Nicolas, additional, Boccard, Julien, additional, Nicoli, Raul, additional, Baume, Norbert, additional, Rudaz, Serge, additional, and Saugy, Martial, additional

Published
2016
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11. Serum Androgen Levels in Elite Female Athletes

Author

Bermon, Stéphane, Garnier, Pierre Yves, Hirschberg, Angelica Lindén, Robinson, Neil, Giraud, Sylvain, Nicoli, Raul, Baume, Norbert, Saugy, Martial, Fénichel, Patrick, Bruce, Stephen J., Henry, Hugues, Dollé, Gabriel, and Ritzen, Martin

Published
2014

12. Modeling and Design of BAW Resonators and Filters for Integration in a UMTS Transmitter

Author

Chatras, Matthieu, primary, Bila, Stphane, additional, Giraud, Sylvain, additional, Catherinot, Lise, additional, Fan, Ji, additional, Cros, Dominique, additional, Aubourg, Michel, additional, Flament, Axel, additional, Frapp, Antoine, additional, Stefanelli, Bruno, additional, Kaiser, Andreas, additional, Cathelin, Andreia, additional, Baptiste, Jean, additional, Reinhardt, Alexandre, additional, Leyssenne, Laurent, additional, and Kerherv, Eric, additional

Published
2013
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17. Standardization of reticulocyte counts in the athlete biological passport

Author

Naud, Jean‐François, primary, Giraud, Sylvain, additional, Robinson, Neil, additional, Desharnais, Philippe, additional, Ericsson, Magnus, additional, Saugy, Martial, additional, Kuuranne, Tiia, additional, Ayotte, Christiane, additional, Boghosian, Thierry, additional, Aikin, Reid, additional, and Sottas, Pierre‐Edouard, additional

Published
2019
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18. Evolutionary conservation of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 primary structure and function

Author

Schapira Marc, Giraud Sylvain, Galisson Frédérique, Baïsse Bénédicte, and Spertini Olivier

Subjects
Evolution, QH359-425
Abstract

Abstract Background P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) plays a critical role in recruiting leukocytes in inflammatory lesions by mediating leukocyte rolling on selectins. Core-2 O-glycosylation of a N-terminal threonine and sulfation of at least one tyrosine residue of PSGL-1 are required for L- and P-selectin binding. Little information is available on the intra- and inter-species evolution of PSGL-1 primary structure. In addition, the evolutionary conservation of selectin binding site on PSGL-1 has not been previously examined in detail. Therefore, we performed multiple sequence alignment of PSGL-1 amino acid sequences of 14 mammals (human, chimpanzee, rhesus monkey, bovine, pig, rat, tree-shrew, bushbaby, mouse, bat, horse, cat, sheep and dog) and examined mammalian PSGL-1 interactions with human selectins. Results A signal peptide was predicted in each sequence and a propeptide cleavage site was found in 9/14 species. PSGL-1 N-terminus is poorly conserved. However, each species exhibits at least one tyrosine sulfation site and, except in horse and dog, a T [D/E]PP [D/E] motif associated to the core-2 O-glycosylation of a N-terminal threonine. A mucin-like domain of 250–280 amino acids long was disclosed in all studied species. It lies between the conserved N-terminal O-glycosylated threonine (Thr-57 in human) and the transmembrane domain, and contains a central region exhibiting a variable number of decameric repeats (DR). Interspecies and intraspecies polymorphisms were observed. Transmembrane and cytoplasmic domain sequences are well conserved. The moesin binding residues that serve as adaptor between PSGL-1 and Syk, and are involved in regulating PSGL-1-dependent rolling on P-selectin are perfectly conserved in all analyzed mammalian sequences. Despite a poor conservation of PSGL-1 N-terminal sequence, CHO cells co-expressing human glycosyltransferases and human, bovine, pig or rat PSGL-1 efficiently rolled on human L- or P-selectin. By contrast, pig or rat neutrophils were much less efficiently recruited than human or bovine neutrophils on human selectins. Horse PSGL-1, glycosylated by human or equine glycosyltransferases, did not interact with P-selectin. In all five species, tyrosine sulfation of PSGL-1 was required for selectin binding. Conclusion These observations show that PSGL-1 amino acid sequence of the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains are well conserved and that, despite a poor conservation of PSGL-1 N-terminus, L- and P-selectin binding sites are evolutionary conserved. Functional assays reveal a critical role for post-translational modifications in regulating mammalian PSGL-1 interactions with selectins.

Published
2007
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20. The development of decision limits for the GH-2000 detection methodology using additional insulin-like growth factor-I and amino-terminal pro-peptide of type III collagen assays

Author

Holt, Richard I.G., Böhning, Walailuck, Guha, Nishan, Bartlett, Christiaan, Cowan, David A., Giraud, Sylvain, Bassett, E. Eryl, Sönksen, Peter H., and Böhning, Dankmar

Abstract

The GH-2000 and GH-2004 projects have developed a method for detecting GH misuse based on measuring insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and the amino-terminal pro-peptide of type III collagen (P-III-NP). The objectives were to analyze more samples from elite athletes to improve the reliability of the decision limit estimates, to evaluate whether the existing decision limits needed revision, and to validate further non-radioisotopic assays for these markers. The study included 998 male and 931 female elite athletes. Blood samples were collected according to World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) guidelines at various sporting events including the 2011 International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) World Athletics Championships in Daegu, South Korea. IGF-I was measured by the Immunotech A15729 IGF-I IRMA, the Immunodiagnostic Systems iSYS IGF-I assay and a recently developed mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. P-III-NP was measured by the Cisbio RIA-gnost P-III-P, Orion UniQ™ PIIINP RIA and Siemens ADVIA Centaur P-III-NP assays. The GH-2000 score decision limits were developed using existing statistical techniques. Decision limits were determined using a specificity of 99.99% and an allowance for uncertainty because of the finite sample size. The revised Immunotech IGF-I – Orion P-III-NP assay combination decision limit did not change significantly following the addition of the new samples. The new decision limits are applied to currently available non-radioisotopic assays to measure IGF-I and P-III-NP in elite athletes, which should allow wider flexibility to implement the GH-2000 marker test for GH misuse while providing some resilience against manufacturer withdrawal or change of assays

Published
2015

21. Worldwide distribution of blood values in elite track and field athletes: Biomarkers of altered erythropoiesis.

Author

Robinson, Neil, Saugy, Jonas, Schütz, Frédéric, Faiss, Raphael, Baume, Norbert, Giraud, Sylvain, and Saugy, Martial

Abstract

For the first time, blood samples were collected in all athletes participating in a major sporting event of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) (Athletics World Championships 2011, Daegu, Korea). All variables obtained from blood analyses were incorporated into the individual blood profiles of each athlete for the so‐called athlete biological passport (ABP). This unprecedented data collection highlighted differences for a few blood biomarkers commonly measured and reported for the ABP on some group of athletes. Subsequently, blood tests analyses for all athletes were repeated during the following World Championships (2013, Moscow, Russia). Both sets of blood tests were then used to set up the distribution of blood values for track and field athletes considering potential confounding factors such as gender, age, discipline, origin of the athlete (continental classification), and time of blood collection. Implementation of well‐defined distribution of blood values will allow to improve the estimation of blood doping prevalence among a specific population of athletes in track and field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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23. A complete UMTS transmitter using BAW filters and duplexer, a 90nm CMOS digital RF signal generator and a 0.25µm BiCMOS power amplifier

Author

Flament, A., Frappé, Antoine, Stefanelli, B., Kaiser, A., Cathelin, Andreia, Giraud, Sylvain, Chatras, Matthieu, Bila, Stéphane, Cros, Dominique, Leyssenne, Laurent, David, Jean-Baptiste, Kerherve, Eric, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN) - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN), STMicroelectronics, XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MINACOM, Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2011

25. The development of decision limits for the GH-2000 detection methodology using additional insulin-like growth factor-I and amino-terminal pro-peptide of type III collagen assays

Author

Holt, Richard I. G., primary, Böhning, Walailuck, additional, Guha, Nishan, additional, Bartlett, Christiaan, additional, Cowan, David A., additional, Giraud, Sylvain, additional, Bassett, E. Eryl, additional, Sönksen, Peter H., additional, and Böhning, Dankmar, additional

Published
2015
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26. Filter Synthesis using Shear Wave Piezoelectric Layer Resonators

Author

Catherinot, Lise, Giraud, Sylvain, Chatras, Matthieu, Ballandras, S., Rigaudeau, Laëtitia, Monfraix, P., Bila, Stéphane, Cros, Dominique, MINACOM, XLIM (XLIM), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Abstract

International audience; CONTEXT Acoustic waves in elastic solids are used in numerous applications in signal processing, including frequency generation, control and filtering in modern wireless communication systems. With the growing demand for multimedia and mobile applications, the new generations of telecommunication satellites require higher performances, higher functionalities and still stronger cost and size constraints.[1][2][3] In that context, BAW devices have many potentialities for the development of smart RF subsystems. For instance this technology is now used as alternative to Surface Acoustic Waves (SAW) filters in handset duplexers for UMTS and DCS standards around 2 GHz with Aluminum Nitride piezoelectric layers[12]. However, Aluminum Nitride is not suitable for large band applications, due to its electromechanical coupling coefficient. Its relative percentage, which represents the difference between resonant and antiresonant frequencies is 7%. This material is mainly processed for local oscillators or narrowband filtering operations (

Published
2009

28. Design of computer experiments : a powerfull tool for the numerical design of BAW filters

Author

Reinhardt, A., Giraud, Sylvain, de Crécy, F., Bila, Stéphane, Iborra, E., Aïd, M., Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), MINACOM, XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2008

29. Simulation of film bulk acoustic wave devices using apodized meshs

Author

Giraud, Sylvain, Chatras, Matthieu, Aubourg, Michel, Cros, Dominique, Al., Et, MINACOM, XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Lebraud, Sophie

Published
2008

30. Modélisation 3-D de résonateurs piézoélectriques à onde de volume

Author

Giraud, Sylvain, Bila, Stéphane, Aubourg, Michel, Cros, Dominique, MINACOM, XLIM (XLIM), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
stomatognathic diseases
Abstract

Session Orale : 6A

Published
2007

33. Dynamic characterization of ferroelectric layers using method of line

Author

Courrèges, Stanis, Giraud, Sylvain, Cros, Dominique, Madrangeas, Valérie, Aubourg, Michel, Lebraud, Sophie, MINACOM, XLIM (XLIM), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2006

34. Modélisation 3D de résonateurs piézoélectriques à onde de volume (FBAR)

Author

Giraud, Sylvain, Aubourg, Michel, Bila, Stéphane, Cros, Dominique, MINACOM, XLIM (XLIM), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other
Published
2006

37. Influence of transport and time on blood variables commonly measured for the athlete biological passport.

Author

Robinson, Neil, Giraud, Sylvain, Schumacher, Yorck Olaf, and Saugy, Martial

Abstract

Some recent studies have characterized the stability of blood variables commonly measured for the Athlete Biological Passport. The aim of this study was to characterize the impact of different shipments conditions and the quality of the results returned by the haematological analyzer. Twenty-two healthy male subjects provided five EDTA tubes each. Four shipment conditions (24, 36, 48, 72 h) under refrigerated conditions were tested and compared to a set of samples left in the laboratory also under refrigerated conditions (group control). All measurements were conducted using two Sysmex XT-2000i analyzers. Haemoglobin concentration, reticulocytes percentage, and OFF-score numerical data were the same for samples analyzed just after collection and after a shipment under refrigerated conditions up to 72 h. Detailed information reported especially by the differential (DIFF) channel scatterplot of the Sysmex XT-2000i indicated that there were signs of blood deterioration, but were not of relevance for the variables used in the Athlete Biological Passport. As long as the cold chain is guaranteed, the time delay between the collection and the analyses of blood variables can be extended. Copyright© 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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38. A complete UMTS transmitter using BAW filters and duplexer: A 90-nm CMOS digital RF signal generator and a 0.25-μm BiCMOS power amplifier

Author

Flament, Axel, primary, Frappé, Antoine, additional, Stefanelli, Bruno, additional, Kaiser, Andreas, additional, Cathelin, Andreia, additional, Giraud, Sylvain, additional, Chatras, Matthieu, additional, Bila, Stephane, additional, Cros, Dominique, additional, David, Jean Baptiste, additional, Leyssenne, Laurent, additional, and Kerhervé, Eric, additional

Published
2011
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