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This research aimed to monitor the trend of electrocardiographic activity and establish the quality and quantity of the physical activity performed for an entire day (24 hours) during a week by a group of children using, an innovative, wearable, and comfortable device the K-Sport-Shirt (Patented by K-Sport Universal, Montelabbate, PU, Italy); it's one of the first approaches all over the world with textile sensors to have obtained CEMED certification; an informatize shirt equipped with a positioning system, receiving and sending data from/to four satellites systems, normally is only the GPS, plus three triaxial inertial sensors both interconnected by a sensor fusion firmware. The positioning device is called K-AI the shirt contains some electrocardiographic sensors with medical official validation too. Twelve children between the ages of 6 and 13 belongings to two sub-elite football sport clubs Fossombrone Academy, and Montecchio Academy, from Italy, participated in the study. The main purpose was to monitor, heart rate responses to establish internal load values in different situations on the whole day such as school, sports, and leisure time activities (using electronics devices too), as well as during sleep, which in any case will be developed and deepened in a second-time investigation to evaluate pre-sleep activities and their influence on the sleep itself. In addition, during the sporting activity, in this case, football, the commitment due to the training work proposed for the measurement of the external load was detected using the parameters of the distance traveled, travel speed, and others considered qualifying for the surveys carried out, thanks to the cited K-AI device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is analyzed training load quantification in Italian Professional football club (Serie C 2021- 2022), during a week with 1 match. Twenty-five (n=25) élite football players participated in this study (age 24.1±1.4; body weight 79.8±1.7; height 182.9±0.6; fat mass 12.1±3.5), without goalkeepers. Every player has been analyzed with a K-AI live device 50Hz (K-Sport Universal STATS, Italy) in 299 training and 39 official matches for regular seasons. The game week analyzed are 26 with 1 match on Saturday or Sunday. Data show that distance covered in sprint (D_S7 > 25km/h) is different respect to MD (match day) and MD-2; but the same in every day (MD+2; MD+3; MD-3) in all training, due probably to the lack of specific physical training during "strong day" of week (MD+2; MD+3; MD-3). In MD-2, gradually decreases training load, because is near to match day. Insted for distance covered at high intensity (D_S5 >20Km/h), is the same in MD+3 and MD-3 and different in other training and MD. This confirm there haven't been change in training load at high intensity during MD+3 and MD-3, as indicated by physiology of soccer. Weekly training load is completely flat, without undulatory trend: every day the same result in sprint distance and acceleration at very high intensity (MD+2; MD+3,MD-3). Infact during season, last 6-7 game week, acceleration and sprint are completely decreased: the concurrent decrease in the overall parameters may suggest a periodisation strategy that is able to compensate for the increased load derived from high-speed distances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to analyze the inertial dynamics of the Jab technical gesture in boxing. The target is to test and establish with the precision of the latest generation inertial technology the real physical parameters of the mechanical components of the technical gesture subjected to analysis to use, in the event of an expected congruence, the parameters obtained as key elements in the project of sports training investigated for performative purposes, given that the literature on this subject is scarce and sometimes with data obtained using non-state-of-the-art equipment and therefore not reliable. Five boxers (n = 5) took part in this research, considered sufficient for an exploratory study, respectively two female (n = 2), (18.5 ± 6.4 years, weight 63.7 ± 0.4 kg, height 169 ± 1.4 cm; arm length 69.5 ± 2.1 cm) and three male (n = 3), (23.0 ± 3.5 years, weight 80.0 ± 7.0 kg, height 184.3 ± 7.1 cm; arm length 79.7 ± 2.5 cm). These athletes were from different levels of experience, also to obtain specific threshold data in the various stadiums, however, all participating in national level competitions (elitè level). From the dataset, it's possible to appreciate a different average acceleration value in the Jab execution phase between 8.65 m/s² (woman) and 13.85 m/s² (man) of the stroke, statistically significant (p <0.05), even in the small sample. The same situation is true for the torsion phase of the trunk between the best performing male boxer (boxer 1) and the best female boxer (boxer 5) respectively 0.733 vs 0.338 g² (p <0.05). This allows us to understand how gender and category differences are a key element in relation to the training planning of the discipline and that often turn out to be quite generic and that doesn't take into account accurately and weighed the differences and what are the values to be respected in the specific training workload and also in the performance level of the exercises necessary to achieve those physiological conditions and techniques useful for performance improvement. The differences in this sample were also evident between individuals of the same gender and level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sports performance of footballers during games and training has been the subject of research for years. Nowadays thanks to the new technologies applied to the match analysis, is possible to highlightperformance using statistical-mathematical criteria. Recent studies support that not only the phase of the match spent at high speeds are determinants, but even each instant in which the acceleration and deceleration values cross above the high intensity thresholds.Our research seeks essentially to add, in the literature, a specific study, concerning quantity and quality of work expressed on these parameters, above the high intensity thresholds, in the various European elite championships.The search raises 26 players for each match (including substitutes), 260 athletes per championship, for a total of 1300 players (average age 28.4 years, height 1.79 meters, weight kg 78) and 9100 parameters data.The high intensity parameters evaluated are:Distance covered at high intensity (> 16 Km/h); Distance covered in Acceleration (> 2m/s²); Distance covered in Deceleration (< -2m/s²); Distance covered a MP> 20 Watt / Kg; Average AMP; D = Total Distance; Drel = distance/minute. Data shows that the comparison in French league is balanced, that is high intensity activity is equal for winning and losing teams, in German and Italian championship, winning teams work below the high intensity threshold compared with losers, in the English and Spanish league winning teams work upper the high intensity threshold respect to losers. This confirms that the efficiency of sport performance, in case of football the victory of competition or matches, is not directly dependent only on the ability to carry out high-intensity activities and also supports the lack of specific training aimed at promoting the development of such skills. A more specific investigation directed at the analysis of only winning teams and losing teams in all championships showed a no decisive difference in high intensity parameters. In the chart below, it is highlighted that the high intensity activity is greater in the parameters of D_AccHI and D_DecHI in the winning teams than the losers (5-6%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study is analyze the training load in élite goalkeepers (GK) during a training week with a new system analysis K-Track (K-TRACK/IMU K-SPORT UNI.STATS, Montecchio, ITA) and verify if the goalkeepers (GK) training program is correct to create specific adaptations and improve performance. K-Track system allows to analyze work time, total workload developed during a session or match, average strength produced, lateral imbalance (left and right), number of vertical jumps, vertical jump accelerations (intensity), number of dives to the right (volume), right dive accelerations (intensity), number of dives to the left (volume) and left dive accelerations (intensity).This parameters it's completely different from other players and it's necessary to have correct information from GK performance. In conclusion how much and how to train the goalkeeper to improve fitness and performance in high-level professional team. Method: Three (n=3) professional goalkeepers were analyzed (age 20.3±1.5 body weight 80.9±7.6 kg; height 188±2.9cm; fat mass 9.4±2.9 %), during 20 workout and 4 official match in season 2019-2020 with K-Track (K-TRACK/IMU K-SPORT UNI.STATS, Montecchio, ITA). Conclusion: This case study has allowed us to highlight which training load is correct for this role during a training week to improve physical performance. In fact, not have specific studies that have analyzed specific parameters for GK, because it is necessary a K-Track device to collect correct information. If we know correct training load, it is possible to improve or reduce exercises intensity and volume. In addition, it is clear that physical and technical-tactical goalkeeper profile is completely different from other players in football. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Intrathecal opioids are now used routinely in the UK for intra- and postoperative analgesia. The opioids of choice have altered over recent years and the dosage regimens used can vary between institutions. Concerns over safety have been reduced probably because much lower doses of opioids are now being used. This survey explored the practice of intrathecal opioid usage in the UK. Methods: We sent a questionnaire survey to 270 anaesthetic departments and received 199 replies, a response rate of 73.7%. Results: Intrathecal opioids were used in 175 (88.4%) departments. Of these departments, 107 (61.1%) had local guidelines or protocols in place. Opioids such as diamorphine (used in 136 (78.2%) of departments) and fentanyl (129 (74.1%)) with a shorter duration of action are now more commonly used than morphine (37 (21.3%)) for intrathecal analgesia. In 96 (54.5%) departments, patients were nursed on regular surgical wards following administration of spinal opioids. Conclusions: The use of low-dose lipophilic intrathecal opioids for postoperative analgesia is widespread in the UK. Patients are commonly nursed in low-dependency post-anaesthetic care areas. The low incidence of adverse events reported by the respondents along with the popularity of the technique suggests that low-dose spinal opioid administration is safe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]