1. Ketogenic diet and BHB rescue the fall of long-term potentiation in an Alzheimer’s mouse model and stimulates synaptic plasticity pathway enzymes
- Author
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Di Lucente, Jacopo, Persico, Giuseppe, Zhou, Zeyu, Jin, Lee-Way, Ramsey, Jon J, Rutkowsky, Jennifer M, Montgomery, Claire M, Tomilov, Alexey, Kim, Kyoungmi, Giorgio, Marco, Maezawa, Izumi, and Cortopassi, Gino A
- Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Biological Sciences ,Aging ,Dementia ,Neurosciences ,Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) ,Neurodegenerative ,Brain Disorders ,Nutrition ,Complementary and Integrative Health ,Acquired Cognitive Impairment ,Alzheimer's Disease ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Neurological ,Humans ,Mice ,Animals ,Aged ,Long-Term Potentiation ,Alzheimer Disease ,Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ,Diet ,Ketogenic ,Mice ,Transgenic ,Mice ,Inbred C57BL ,Neuronal Plasticity ,Biological sciences ,Biomedical and clinical sciences - Abstract
The Ketogenic Diet (KD) improves memory and longevity in aged C57BL/6 mice. We tested 7 months KD vs. control diet (CD) in the mouse Alzheimer's Disease (AD) model APP/PS1. KD significantly rescued Long-Term-Potentiation (LTP) to wild-type levels, not by changing Amyloid-β (Aβ) levels. KD's 'main actor' is thought to be Beta-Hydroxy-butyrate (BHB) whose levels rose significantly in KD vs. CD mice, and BHB itself significantly rescued LTP in APP/PS1 hippocampi. KD's 6 most significant pathways induced in brains by RNAseq all related to Synaptic Plasticity. KD induced significant increases in synaptic plasticity enzymes p-ERK and p-CREB in both sexes, and of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in APP/PS1 females. We suggest KD rescues LTP through BHB's enhancement of synaptic plasticity. LTP falls in Mild-Cognitive Impairment (MCI) of human AD. KD and BHB, because they are an approved diet and supplement respectively, may be most therapeutically and translationally relevant to the MCI phase of Alzheimer's Disease.
- Published
- 2024