Search

Electricity expense management presents significant challenges, as this resource is susceptible to various influencing factors. In universities, the demand for this resource is rapidly growing with institutional expansion and has a significant environmental impact. In this study, the machine learning models long short-term memory (LSTM), random forest (RF), support vector regression (SVR), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were trained with historical consumption data from the Federal Institute of Paraná (IFPR) over the last seven years and climatic variables to forecast electricity consumption 12 months ahead. Datasets from two campuses were adopted. To improve model performance, feature selection was performed using Shapley additive explanations (SHAP), and hyperparameter optimization was carried out using genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The results indicate that the proposed cooperative ensemble learning approach named Weaker Separator Booster (WSB) exhibited the best performance for datasets. Specifically, it achieved an sMAPE of 13.90% and MAE of 1990.87 kWh for the IFPR–Palmas Campus and an sMAPE of 18.72% and MAE of 465.02 kWh for the Coronel Vivida Campus. The SHAP analysis revealed distinct feature importance patterns across the two IFPR campuses. A commonality that emerged was the strong influence of lagged time-series values and a minimal influence of climatic variables.

Agriculture stands as one of the major economic pillars worldwide, with food production contributing significantly to income growth. However, agricultural activities also entail risks associated with uncontrollable factors along the supply chain. To address these challenges, mathematical models have been developed for forecasting crucial variables in managing agribusiness activities. In this context, this article employs a combination of systematic bibliometric analysis and the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) method, a semi-automated approach. The main objective of this study was to automate the identification of relevant topics and construct a bibliographic portfolio (BP) covering the period 2015–2022, focusing on methodologies used in articles and other bibliometric analyses. The 30 articles included in the BP address issues related to methodologies applied in the temporal analysis of agricultural commodities. These articles were categorized based on the nature of the prediction models used, classified as (i) machine learning (ML), (ii) machine learning and artificial neural networks (ML-NN), (iii) machine learning and ensemble (ML-Ensemble), (iv) machine learning and hybrid (ML-hybrid), and (v) statistical. Regarding the results, the topic that stood out the most was termed ''Forecasting Methods Applied to Agribusiness Time Series.'' The most utilized classes were ML-hybrid (41.95 %) and statistical (29.31 %), followed by ML-NN (14.94 %), ML (9.20 %), and ML-Ensemble (4.60 %) types. The theoretical contribution of this study lies in identifying literary gaps concerning forecasting methods applied to agribusiness, while its practical implication is to identify forecasting methodologies to support decision-making.

RESUMO O artigo propõe contribuir para a reflexão sobre princípios e estratégias promotoras de saúde em territórios vulnerabilizados, tendo como objetivo específico avaliar o papel que pode ser desempenhado por uma política e serviço público de base local, permanente e participativo, desenvolvido por meio de assessoria técnica com enfoque na requalificação do espaço da moradia e do habitat que favoreça a população mais vulnerabilizada e promova soluções positivas em sua qualidade de vida. O trabalho tem sua fundamentação teórico-metodológica no campo da saúde urbana, referenciada na perspectiva crítica da complexidade do fenômeno saúde-doença, mais especificamente quando relaciona a vulnerabilidade socioambiental e os condicionantes do ambiente construído à saúde coletiva. O artigo utiliza como caso referência a experiência desenvolvida pela Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, e busca verificar a identificação dos fatores determinantes e de processos de determinação social da saúde, bem como a apropriação de princípios e estratégias de ação desse campo disciplinar. Os resultados parciais dessa experiência em curso apresentam avanços não somente nas transformações objetivas dos fatores determinantes relacionados com o ambiente construído, mas também na organização social e na articulação intersetorial nesse contexto, assim como na construção de referências para políticas públicas.

Despite the acknowledged advancements in the utilization of phytase dosing, limited research has been conducted on commercial laying hens. To assess the effectiveness of doses of exogenous phytase, a total of 320 laying hens aged between 44 and 64 weeks were utilized. These hens were divided into five treatments, which were then distributed using a completely randomized design with eight replicates, each containing eight birds. The treatments consisted of phytase supplementation levels of 0, 500, 1000, 1500, and 3000 FTU/kg. Quadratic regression equations were utilized to determine the maximum and minimum values for the levels of phytase supplementation. A significant difference was observed in the levels of phytase supplementation, where a quadratic model was fitted to various variables including egg weight (g), egg mass (g/bird/day), feed conversion per egg mass (g/g), yolk concentration (%), albumen concentration (%), shell thickness (μm), shell strength (kgf), specific gravity, and yolk color. Further, an increased supplementation improved the digestive tract of the hens, thereby providing a better villus–crypt ratio. Considering the advantageous effects of phytase dosing, it is recommended to supplement corn and soybean meal-based diets with 1500 FTU/kg of bacterial phytase for laying hens during the 44- to 64-week production period.

Esse artigo busca comentar os quatro lançamentos discográficos do Duo Abreu, compreendendo os três lançamentos analógicos da época de sua atuação e um lançamento digital contendo uma gravação para a Rádio BBC de Londres em 1970. Serão abordadas questões como repertório, violões utilizados, locais de gravação, engenheiros de som, produtores, fotógrafos, artistas gráficos, notas de encarte e contracapas. Tentará, também, elucidar a questão das datas de lançamentos das gravações, cujas informações corriqueiramente apresentam dados desconexos. O texto observa, especialmente, que apesar da inegável maestria musical do duo, este foi amparado por um rol de grandes profissionais que ajudou a alçar a carreira que alcançaram ao longo dos anos, denotando um trabalho artístico conjunto. Sem todo esse aparato talvez os irmãos não tivessem alcançado o status que mantém até os dias atuais.

Over the past decade, distributed acoustic sensing has been utilized for structural health monitoring in various applications, owing to its continuous measurement capability in both time and space and its ability to deliver extensive data on the conditions of large structures using just a single optical cable. This work aims to evaluate the performance of distributed acoustic sensing for monitoring a multilayer structure on a laboratory scale. The proposed structure comprises four layers: a medium-density fiberboard and three rigid polyurethane foam slabs. Three different damages were emulated in the structure: two in the first layer of rigid polyurethane foam and another in the medium-density fiberboard layer. The results include the detection of the mechanical wave, comparing the response with point sensors used for reference, and evaluating how the measured signal behaves in time and frequency in the face of different damages in the multilayer structure. The tests demonstrate that evaluating signals in both time and frequency domains presents different characteristics for each condition analyzed. The supervised support vector machine classifier was used to automate the classification of these damages, achieving an accuracy of 93%. The combination of distributed acoustic sensing with this learning algorithm creates the condition for developing a smart tool for monitoring multilayer structures.

Abstract Coralsnakes of the genus Micrurus are a diverse group of venomous snakes ranging from the southern United States to southern South America. Much uncertainty remains over the genus diversity, and understanding Micrurus systematics is of medical importance. In particular, the widespread Micrurus nigrocinctus spans from Mexico throughout Central America and into Colombia, with a number of described subspecies. This study provides new insights into the phylogenetic relationships within M. nigrocinctus by examining sequence data from a broad sampling of specimens from Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. The recovered phylogenetic relationships suggest that M. nigrocinctus is a species complex originating in the Pliocene and composed of at least three distinct species-level lineages. In addition, recovery of highly divergent clades supports the elevation of some currently recognized subspecies to the full species rank while others may require synonymization.

Abstract This study aimed to resveratrol supplementation (at 5 or 10 mg/kg) and a hydroethanolic extract of canjiqueira fruits (150 mg/kg) on female SWISS mice. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride levels, gestation rates, and embryonic implantation rates in their female Offspring was evaluated. In conclusion, the consumption of canjiqueira fruit extract altered the lipid profile of their female offspring, and did not impact their reproductive performance. Supplementing female SWISS mice with 10 mg/kg of resveratrol increased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL levels, thereby enhancing the reproductive efficiency of their offspring.

Domain adaptation has proven to be suitable for alleviating domain discrepancies, which hinder the generalization capacity of classifiers. Among a few alternatives, domain adaptation techniques that align features in a domain-agnostic space through adversarial learning have been widely investigated. Nevertheless, such an approach often implies the deterioration of feature discriminability as a side effect of the adversarial alignment, which does not take into consideration class labels of the target domain samples. We advocate that weakly-supervised learning can mitigate that problem, as noisy labels for the target domain samples may serve to sustain class discriminability during the feature alignment procedure. Therefore, in this work we propose a weakly-supervised, adversarial domain adaptation method for a change detection task based on the Domain Adversarial Neural Network (DANN) strategy. We assessed the performance of the proposed method on a deforestation detection application, conducting experiments on sites of the Amazon and Cerrado biomes using Landsat-8 images. The results showed that the inclusion of weak supervision in the domain adaptation procedure provided higher accuracies than the original DANN strategy, which did not prescribe any supervision for the selection of target domain samples in training. On average, the Average Precision and F1-score values increased by 10.1\% and 12.6\% respectively with the use of the proposed method. Additionally, our method achieved compatible performances with the ones obtained by state-of-the-art domain adaptation methods. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed method is the first weakly-supervised domain adaptation strategy conceived for deforestation detection and, in general, for change detection.

Anacondas, genus Eunectes, are a group of aquatic snakes with a wide distribution in South America. The taxonomic status of several species has been uncertain and/or controversial. Using genetic data from four recognized anaconda species across nine countries, this study investigates the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Eunectes. A key finding was the identification of two distinct clades within Eunectes murinus, revealing two species as cryptic yet genetically deeply divergent. This has led to the recognition of the Northern Green Anaconda as a separate species (Eunectes akayima sp. nov), distinct from its southern counterpart (E. murinus), the Southern Green Anaconda. Additionally, our data challenge the current understanding of Yellow Anaconda species by proposing the unification of Eunectes deschauenseei and Eunectes beniensis into a single species with Eunectes notaeus. This reclassification is based on comprehensive genetic and phylogeographic analyses, suggesting closer relationships than previously recognized and the realization that our understanding of their geographic ranges is insufficient to justify its use as a separation criterion. We also present a phylogeographic hypothesis that traces the Miocene diversification of anacondas in western South America. Beyond its academic significance, this study has vital implications for the conservation of these iconic reptile species, highlighting our lack of knowledge about the diversity of the South American fauna and the need for revised strategies to conserve the newly identified and reclassified species.

Engineered landfill barriers are the last line of defence in protecting precious groundwater resources from contamination. A landfill cell without any leaks at the conclusion of construction is the exception rather than the rule. From design to materials testing to installation practices and contractor care, all of these elements contribute to both the short and long-term integrity of the lining system. Electrical leak location (ELL) methods can be used to detect leaks in installed landfill cells after construction so that leaks can be repaired before a landfill cell begins filling operations. However, the thorough testing of landfill cells using ELL can be complicated by their complex configuration. The dipole method, employed after cover material placement, requires electrical isolation of the cover material, which is difficult to achieve with a landfill expansion cell configuration. Additionally, employing only this type of testing can leave the tie-in area untested, which is a critical area prone to damage. This paper provides solutions for complete landfill expansion cell testing, including a relatively new testing methodology (ASTM D8265, [1]), which provides protocol for verifying that a geomembrane has been successfully installed with no leaks. A case study is included to show how ASTM D8265 can be used to provide documentation of a zero-leak condition of a landfill cell after construction. Common elements of design, geomembrane installation, and quality assurance are discussed in order to provide a road map of how to reach a zero-leak condition at the end of a landfill expansion cell construction project. This paper can be used as a guide to constructing a zero-leak landfill cell using state-of-the art construction practices and ELL testing methodologies.

The introduction of installed geomembranes revolutionized containment system effectiveness for the protection of groundwater quality and water resources. After over six decades of installing geomembranes and evaluating their performance, it has become clear that simply specifying the use of a geomembrane is not enough. Even the addition of Construction Quality Assurance (CQA) is often not enough. In order to ensure that an installed geomembrane will perform in accordance with its design intent, it must be tested for leaks before operation and sometimes even during operation. Several decades after the introduction of geomembranes, Electrical Leak Location (ELL) methods were developed in order to locate leaks in them once installed. The methods have undergone many stages of evolution since their inception and continue to be improved today. This paper details where the technologies began and the current state of the practice as well as the currently available state of the art. Newly developed technologies from across the globe are presented in order to showcase cutting edge capabilities. The spectrum of methodologies used by various practitioners is also presented and detailed. This paper will assist designers and facility owners to choose the best ELL solution in order to ensure containment facility performance, which is critical to the sustainability of the modern world.

Abstract Background Two experiments were conducted to establish an optimal NE challenge model and evaluate the efficacy of stimbiotic (STB) supplementation in necrotic enteritis (NE) challenged broilers. In Exp. 1, a total of 120 Arbor Acres (AA) broilers (45.0 ± 0.21 g) were randomly assigned to 6 treatments in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Vaccine treatments included non-challenge (0), × 10 the recommended dose (× 10) or × 20 the recommended dose (× 20) by the manufacturer. Clostridium perfringens (CP) treatments were non-challenge (No) or 3 mL of 2.2 × 107 CFU CP challenge (Yes). In Exp. 2, a total of 72 AA broilers (40.17 ± 0.27 g) were randomly assigned to 6 treatments in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Dietary treatments included non-additive (CON), 100 mg/kg STB (STB) and 100 mg/kg STB on top of a typical commercial blend including an essential oil, probiotics, and enzyme (CB). Challenge treatments included non-NE challenge (No) and NE challenge (Yes) as established in Exp. 1. Results In Exp. 1, CP and vaccine challenge decreased (P

No campo da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT), uma das manifestações da linguagem comumente vistas são os relatórios de estágio técnico, tido muitas vezes apenas como um documento de registro narrativo-descritivo. Em uma visão mais ampla, este estudo objetiva discutir a potencialidade do Relatório de Estágio Técnico como um gênero discursivo, problematizando as perspectivas formativas direcionadas a ele e a relevância delas para o desenvolvimento politécnico dos discentes. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental cuja fonte principal foi o roteiro de elaboração do relatório de estágio adotado pelo IFAM Campus Manaus Centro. Mediante a análise interpretativa, delineou-se um diálogo com teóricos, a partir do qual verificamos que a perspectiva formativa, presente no roteiro de elaboração analisado, pouco se aproximou dos princípios formativos da politecnia. Em contrapartida, discutimos a potencialidade do referido gênero sob as dimensões Composição, Conteúdo temático e Estilo, evidenciando um instrumento capaz de subverter o espaço social no qual está inserido. Apresentamos ainda uma proposta de produto educacional alicerçado na articulação Politecnia e Gêneros Textuais.

This paper presents a multi-criteria model to identify the best technology for separating fat from dairy waste and evaluates the economic feasibility of its implementation. Also, the model incorporates the analysis of the project specificities. The methodology was structured in four steps: (i) identification of criteria and technologies by systematic literature review; (ii) acquisition of qualitative information (linguistic variables) from Brazilian and international experts; (iii) application of the TOPSIS 2-tuple multi-criteria linguistic method to rank the technologies; and (iv) evaluation of the economic viability of the best technology identified using the EMIM (expanded multi-index methodology). Separation by centrifugal force, solvent, heating/decanting, acid hydrolysis, and combined methods were the separation technologies most used in the literature and, therefore the considered alternatives. The model was validated in a dairy industry that produces 3,000 m 3 /day of waste, with 3% fat. The performance of the technologies concerning five criteria was between medium poor and good for both groups of experts. Also, the experts indicate centrifugal force as the preferred technology. This technology is economically viable, as it presented a high degree of return and low levels of risks and sensitivities. It is estimated a potential profit of R$ 55 million (NPV) over the project’s entire life cycle, equivalent to an annual return of approximately R$ 14 million (ANPV). This represents an Additional Return on Investment—ROIA of 51.17% annually. The Payback discounted occurs in the first year of its implementation. Similar analyses may apply the model we propose for other contexts involving technologies selection.

The coating of liposomes with polyethyleneglycol (PEG) has been extensively discussed over the years as a strategy for enhancing the in vivo and in vitro stability of nanostructures, including doxorubicin-loaded liposomes. However, studies have shown some important disadvantages of the PEG molecule as a long-circulation agent, including the immunogenic role of PEG, which limits its clinical use in repeated doses. In this context, hydrophilic molecules as carbohydrates have been proposed as an alternative to coating liposomes. Thus, this work studied the cytotoxicity and preclinical antitumor activity of liposomes coated with a glycosyl triazole glucose (GlcL-DOX) derivative as a potential strategy against breast cancer. The glucose-coating of liposomes enhanced the storage stability compared to PEG-coated liposomes, with the suitable retention of DOX encapsulation. The antitumor activity, using a 4T1 breast cancer mouse model, shows that GlcL-DOX controlled the tumor growth in 58.5% versus 35.3% for PEG-coated liposomes (PegL-DOX). Additionally, in the preliminary analysis of the GlcL-DOX systemic toxicity, the glucose-coating liposomes reduced the body weight loss and hepatotoxicity compared to other DOX-treated groups. Therefore, GlcL-DOX could be a promising alternative for treating breast tumors. Further studies are required to elucidate the complete GlcL-DOX safety profile.

Os agrotóxicos são exemplos de contaminantes emergentes, que se tornaram um dos grandes desafios em termos de contaminação ambiental. Embora apresentem risco potencial à saúde humana, esses contaminantes ainda não estão incluídos nos programas de monitoramento de rotina. Além disso, os processos convencionais de tratamento de efluentes não removem esses compostos. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a capacidade de remoção dos herbicidas 2,4-D e Metribuzin (MTZ) em um efluente industrial, utilizando um biorreator de membrana de ultrafiltração (BRM-UF) seguido de pós-tratamento com carvão ativado. Soluções padrão dos herbicidas foram adicionadas ao BRM, e o permeado foi analisado por meio do espectrofotômetro UV-Vís. Cloreto de sódio foi utilizado como traçador e seu controle foi feito por meio do condutivímetro. Em seguida, foram feitos ensaios de adsorção com carvão ativado. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, pode-se afirmar que não foi verificado nenhum mecanismo de remoção dos herbicidas estudados. Logo, o BRM não foi efetivo na remoção destes. Já os carvões ativados utilizados no pós-tratamento apresentaram elevada eficiência na remoção do 2,4-D e MTZ.

A democracia representativa brasileira atravessa uma crise de legitimidade sem precedentes. Apesar do movimento crescente de interesse da população por temas políticos, a presença popular nas esferas de poder é reduzida, o que acirra as tensões sociais que a política deveria arrefecer. Por sua vez, o sistema jurídico foi colocado (ou se colocou) como responsável por suplantar aquela crise, apresentando as soluções para as demandas políticas que não mais encontravam respostas em seu ambiente natural. Não obstante, o sistema jurídico não foi capaz de cumprir esse papel suplementar e acabou por se lançar também em uma crise de legitimidade. Assim, o artigo buscará identificar as causas dessas crises de legitimidade e apontar caminhos para a sua superação, a fim de viabilizar uma recuperação da legitimidade desses dois campos sociais para que, atuando de forma ajustada e relacionada, a sociedade possa encontrar as respostas para suas demandas em seus ambientes mais naturais. Com este objetivo, o artigo propõe uma análise dos elementos essenciais de uma democracia saudável em contraste com a realidade política brasileira da última década, ao mesmo tempo em que se serve da teoria ecológica do direito para perceber as relações atuais entre política e direito no país, enquanto causas e consequências da crise de legitimidade referida. Emprega ainda como metodologia a análise qualitativa de dados relevantes sobre o cenário político-eleitoral brasileiro além de abordar trabalhos relevantes para a temática proposta.

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o processo de autoavaliação de licenciandos integrantes do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) de Matemática sobre a primeira experiência de iniciação à docência na Educação Básica. Os aportes metodológicos vinculam-se à pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa. Os participantes da investigação foram cinco Licenciandos do Curso de Matemática do Campus IV – Litoral Norte – Rio Tinto, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, que são integrantes do Pibid-Matemática e atuam na Escola Cidadã Integral Senador Rui Carneiro (Mamanguape-PB). A coleta de dados utilizou um questionário online, que foi orientado em três categorias de análise: (i) as ações realizadas envolvendo a oficina pedagógica; (ii) os saberes docentes na formação do professor que ensina matemática; e (iii) as narrativas quanto à primeira experiência de iniciação à docência e quanto à importância da autoavaliação na prática pedagógica. Os resultados revelaram um aceno positivo na primeira aula dos pibidianos, percepção e atribuição nivelada de importância sobre os saberes necessários à docência, classificação de elementos didático-pedagógicos de maior inquietação envoltos na experiência e a possibilidade de ressignificar a autoavaliação, concebendo-a como instrumento de regulação na e da formação inicial.

O presente artigo pretende analisar o fenômeno da alopoiese do sistema jurídico brasileiro e sua dominação pelo sistema econômico, descaracterizando o seu código-diferença enquanto “gate keepers” ou “eclusas” sistêmicas, comprometendo assim seu bom funcionamento como instância garantidora de direitos fundamentais e pacificadora de conflitos sociais. Para tanto, utiliza como base a teoria luhmaniana do direito como sistema social aliada ao conceito de alopoiese do direito do professor Marcelo Neves e à teoria ecológica do direito do professor Walber Araújo Carneiro para refletir sobre as restrições de direitos fundamentais por interferências extrajurídicas. O artigo não pretende examinar detalhadamente as restrições a direitos sociais, mas sim perceber a sua ocorrência e explicar a sua origem enquanto manifestações da perda de autorreferência do sistema jurídico em prol de projetos econômicos e político-partidários sem considerar os interesses dos trabalhadores e a manutenção ou fortalecimentos dos seus direitos fundamentais. Além disso, apontará um caminho para a superação do problema a partir da teoria reflexiva do Direto. A metodologia empregada é o estudo bibliográfico de produções acadêmicas de referência, que deem suporte ao empreendimento aqui apresentado.

ABSTRACT: Facing the new challenges in production processes, companies should adopt lean and green practices in product development. In SMEs, the application of these practices is more complex. This work explores the maturity of lean–green methodologies in the product development process in Brazilian and Japanese SMEs. The methodology used is multicriteria, combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and TOPSIS 2-tuple method, applied to four Japanese SMEs and four Brazilian SMEs in the metalworking sector. The criteria for evaluating SMEs are company flexibility, difficulties with NPD, innovation, limited resources, and personnel authority high. The TOPSIS method alternatives refer to 18 lean–green enablers. In the AHP method, the prioritisation of criteria between Japanese and Brazilian specialists presented divergences. In the Japanese context, the incidence of innovation is predominant, while in the Brazilian context, the most important is the limited resources. In the TOPSIS 2-tuple method, the results showed a higher level of maturity in lean–green methodologies in Japanese companies than in Brazilian ones. Lean practices are more evolved compared to sustainable practices in both countries. The study also addressed how open innovation adoption may contribute to innovation and NPD practices. Policymakers need to understand the heterogeneity of innovators within SMEs and how they differently innovate, developing distinct internal and external activities.

This paper evaluates and critiques a recent restructuring initiative for a college at a Midwestern university in the United States in which three academic departments were reduced down to two departments. The case study presents the experiences and perspectives of three faculty members-- one from each of those departments--who participated in the restructuring process. The paper first introduces the current challenges and complexities in Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) which initiate and influence restructuring efforts After laying out the context of our case study, we examine faculty perceptions of the purpose, the plan, and the process of restructuring through an interpretive phenomenological case study analysis using Putnam and Nicotera's (2009) Communicative Constitution of Organization (CCO) as a theoretical framework. The findings are presented as three integrated themes including the importance of a clear and purposeful rationale, maintenance of consistent communication and organization, and an ethical commitment to faculty voice and choice. The ethical implications for each theme are discussed and recommendations for restructuring initiatives are offered. The results of this study will help inform restructuring initiatives in colleges and universities with a particular emphasis on characteristics of effective, ethical leadership and the value of strong communicative elements when engaging in restructuring.

Within gifted education, discourse-based instructional methods, such as Socratic Seminars, are identified as strategies to support the development of gifted and advanced readers' critical thinking skills. While research on dialogic discourse has centered on key components such as discourse patterns and the types of questions teachers ask, the unique nature of teachers' listening has a limited research base. In this qualitative study, we examined five teachers' perceptions, focusing on one teacher as an illustrative case, of their listening during dialogic discourse-based lessons with gifted and advanced readers. Major themes included that (a) teachers' listening is multifaceted and individualized, (b) teachers listen for certain reasons, (c) teachers' expectations inform their and their students' roles during discourse, and (d) teachers' listening is related to their belief systems, and (e) there are barriers to effective listening. Implications for practice and research are discussed.

Mixed methods research (MMR) can serve to bridge fields of study disconnected by differences in content, epistemologies, and methods. Such bridging can benefit fields that are interconnected in practice but generally separated in research, such as educational research with its silos of "general" and "special" education in addition to various topic area foci. We explored the extent to which MMR has bridged education research silos by examining the prevalence of MMR studying a single topic (disability) across three subfields: general education, special education, and disability studies in education. We found differences in the prevalence of MMR between subfields and journals within subfields. We discuss patterns in ways MMR may both reflect silos and be employed to bridge long-standing divides.

Total sugar content of soft drinks was determined in a 3D-printed chamber equipped with an USB camera attached to the smartphone to take pictures directly from the vessels used for the reaction of monosaccharides with cupric ion from Benedict's reagent. The freely available PhotoMetrix UVC application was used to control the device and process images. Reaction time, total volume of solution and illumination were evaluated. Images were captured before and after centrifugation and the results were compared with official method (AOAC 923.09, Lane-Eynon titration). Partial least squares calibration was used reaching suitable values (R2 above 0.99; Root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) and Root mean square error in cross-validation (RMSECV) values lower than 0.07 and 0.23 mg mL−1, respectively). The proposed methods presented agreements from 95.3 to 108.7% to the official one. Hundreds of samples can be analyzed in one hour and reductions in energy expenditure by 5.5 times and waste volume by 78 times were obtained in relation to the AOAC method.

Nota do editor: carta para o dossiê da Vórtex em homenagem a Julian Bream.

The objective of this greenhouse study was to evaluate the effects on development parameters in Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombaça of partially replacing the potassium (K) in fertilizer by sodium (Na)and the impacts of applying calcium (Ca). The experimental design was completely randomized with 4 replicates, in a 3 × 4 + 3 factorial arrangement. Three Ca sources (CaCO3, CaSO4 and CaCl2) were applied at 4 Ca doses (10, 20, 30 and 40 mg Ca/kg of soil) to the grass where 25% of the K fertilizer was replaced by NaCl. The 3 additional treatments were: application of standard fertilizer (N:P:K) with 100% of K recommendation; application of fertilizer with 25% of K replaced by Na but no Ca applied; and grass with no fertilizer of any kind as Control. The variables analyzed were: leaf area, leaf area ratio, net assimilation rate, relative growth rate and photosynthetic rate. Partial replacement of K by Na up to 25% of the K fertilizer recommendation did not cause significant change in the development of Mombaça grass or to any of the measured parameters. Addition of Ca had minimal impact on the analyzed variables regardless of level or source. These measurements helped to explain why dry matter yields of Mombaça grass were not significantly affected by partial replacement of K by Na up to 25% of the K fertilizer recommendation.

O fósforo é primordial para as pastagens e a adubação combinada com fontes fosfatadas podem aumentar qualidade nutricional e produtiva do Mombaça. Objetivou-se avaliar as características morfológicas, produtivas e nutricionais do capim Mombaça submetido a combinações de fontes de fósforo solúvel e natural. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com dez tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de três fontes e seis combinações de fontes de fosforo equivalente a 90 kg ha-1 de P2O5, sendo: Controle, Rejeito de rocha fosfática (RJ), Superfosfato triplo (ST), Yoorin Master 1 (YR), RJ + ST (70% e 30%), RJ + ST (50% e 50%), RJ + YR (70% e 30%), RJ + YR (50% e 50%), YR + ST (70% e 30%), YR + ST (50% e 50%). O capim Mombaça foi cultivado durante três cortes (60, 105 e 150 DAS). As combinações YR + ST (50% e 50%), YR + ST (70% e 30%) e RJ + YR (50% e 50%) proporcionaram resultados positivos para caracteres agronômicos e as fontes RJ, RJ + ST (50% e 50%) e RJ + YR (50% e 50%) para teor de P. A adubação fosfatada, independentemente da fonte e mistura, propiciou incremento no capim Mombaça.

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of dietary phytase in breeder hens on yolk nutrients, hatchability, chick quality, and growth rate of their progeny, and their subsequent performance to 42 d post-hatch when fed diets with the same phytase concentrations. Breeder hens (n = 216) were divided into 3 groups receiving nutrient-adequate diets with reduced calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) (by 0.16% and 0.15%, respectively), supplemented with either 500, 1500, or 4500 FTU/kg phytase from 27 to 50 weeks of age. Eggs were collected at 38 weeks of age and incubated. On the day of hatch, the chick quality and hatchability were determined, and 18 chicks/group were euthanized for yolk sac collection and the determination of inositol and glycerol concentrations. The remaining chicks were divided into three groups, receiving different diets with reduced Ca and P (by 0.16% and 0.15%, respectively), supplemented with 0, 500, or 1500 FTU/kg phytase to 42 d post-hatch. Increasing the phytase concentration in the breeder hen diet linearly (p < 0.05) increased the number of early embryo deaths and decreased the number of late deaths and pips. The inositol concentration in the yolk sac at day of hatch increased (quadratic; p < 0.05) as the phytase dose increased in the breeder hen diet. The breeder hen diet (p < 0.05) influenced the body weight (BW), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) up to 21 days of age. The supplementation of breeder hen diets with 1500 FTU/kg phytase increased the concentration of sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) in the yolk sac. The inclusion of phytase doses up to 4500 FTU/kg appeared to influence embryo mortality, chick feed intake, and BW gain to 21 days and the FCR throughout the entire production phase.

Este artigo tem como desígnio fazer um diálogo entre o Ensino Híbrido e a escola pública, mostrando-o como uma nova probabilidade para o acesso à Educação, tendo em vista o período pandêmico e a necessidade de que fossem tomadas novas posturas, as quais devem se mostrar mais democráticas e ainda encorajar o aluno a atuar de maneira mais autônoma, o que contribuirá para que haja o sucesso no método de ensino e de aprendizagem, fazendo dessa nova modalidade de ensino um novo caminho para o processo de constituição do conhecimento. Partindo desse pensamento, este artigo será edificado por meio de uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, a qual trará consigo citações teóricas, que externarão pensamentos e conjecturas de estudiosos consagrados no meio educacional. Tais citações contribuirão para que se apreenda um pouco mais acerca da temática proposta para debate, mostrando, com isso, sua relevância para ser discutir e ponderada neste artigo.

DOI: 10.12957/cadest.2020.57913 A previsão é uma ferramenta fundamental para se posicionar estrategicamente frente aos negócios futuros. O objetivo deste artigo é estudar a previsão da produção de grãos no Brasil, utilizando os dados históricos disponibilizados pela CONAB, no período de 1976/1977 a 2018/2019, via análise de séries temporais. Foi utilizado o método Box & Jenkis para realizações das previsões. A definição do melhor modelo foi por meio da avaliação dos erros de previsão calculados para cada modelo e escolhido o que melhor representa a série analisada. O modelo que mais se adequou foi o ARIMA (1,1,2), com MAPE de 7,1% (validação) e 5,4%(teste) com AIC 18,05. Com os resultados obtidos na previsão da produção, percebeu-se que o modelo escolhido atendeu a expectativa da previsão, pois gerou resultados dentro dos limites inferiores e superiores de variação com 95% de confiança.

Em experimento realizado para remoção de agrotóxico organofosforado Diclorvós da superfície sólida de produtos agrícolas por meio de farinha de casca de Musa AAB – subgrupo prata foi realizado um estudo para indicar os possíveis fatores que levaram a adsorção desse produto por meio da farinha de casca de banana prata, visto que esse agrotóxico é um composto orgânico e lipossolúvel, cuja a casca de banana possui lignina, celulose e hemicelulose em sua composição, além de outros fatores que contribuem para este processo. A casca de banana prata tem sido muito utilizada como um material para adsorção de substâncias químicas presentes de agrotóxicos, efluentes têxteis, corantes, entre outros, e é uma alternativa de baixo custo, renovável e sustentável para o meio ambiente, mais conhecida pela sua capacidade de adsorver metais e pouco conhecida pela sua função de adsorver compostos orgânicos

Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) often face societal barriers to accessing employment due to stigma and discrimination. For people with IDD who have an employment history, little is known about their experiences in accessing employment opportunities. Self-determination behaviors are considered an integral component to a successful adulthood, yet there is limited research that gives voice to people with IDD describing their self-determination and experiences with employment. This study used qualitative content analysis to examine self-determination behaviors in employment experiences of 18 adults with disabilities. Participants provided clear examples of self-determined behaviors which benefited their navigation in work and life. Participants shared advice for other adults with IDD on how to attain employment. Implications for future research and practices are provided.

Atualmente, é crescente o interesse na produção de mudas de espécies nativas para recuperação de áreas degradadas, recomposição de reserva legal e áreas de preservação permanente ou para o uso em diferentes setores da economia. Com isso objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de mudas de Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. cultivada em substrato alternativo em função da adubação mineral complementar. O experimento foi desenvolvido no Viveiro Florestal da Universidade Federal do Tocantins – UFT, Campus Universitário de Gurupi. Instalou-se ensaio experimental em delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial de 2x12, com dez repetições. Foram mensurados aos 90 dias após a emergência: Altura das Mudas, Comprimento da Raiz; Diâmetro do Colo; Massa Seca de Parte Aérea e Sistema Radicular; Área foliar; Densidade do substrato e o Índice de Qualidade de Mudas. O substrato foi constituído por Húmus de Minhoca (50%) e terra de subsolo (50%) na ausência de adubação proporciona melhoria na morfologia das mudas quanto a massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca das raízes e o maior índice de qualidade de mudas. Os substratos com 75% de substância comercial e 25% de terra de subsolo e 100% de substrato comercial não requerem a suplementação da fertilidade com adubação para promover a melhoria no índice de qualidade de mudas. No entanto, se forem utilizadas as fontes de substrato comercial e casca de arroz carbonizada, recomenda-se o uso de adubação à medida em que forem diminuindo a proporção desses compostos orgânicos.

Atualmente a identificação da maioria dos elementos encontrados no solo possuem métodos de análise atualizados e eficientes, porém a quantificação de matéria orgânica ainda é realizada através de métodos morosos e que resultam em grande quantidade de resíduos químicos. Desta maneira, surge a necessidade de tornar essa análise mais ágil e sustentável. Nos últimos tempos, o uso da espectroscopia molecular associada à quimiometria tem se destacado na avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa de diferentes tipos de materiais. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de um software, que a partir dos espectros infravermelhos das amostras de solo, seja capaz de analisar e gerar um modelo preditivo para amostras futuras, reduzindo o tempo de análise e a geração de resíduos. O software foi desenvolvido num ambiente de desenvolvimento integrado (IDE, Integrated Development Environment) cuja função é reunir características e ferramentas de apoio à construção de sistemas. Para isso, utilizou-se a IDE Microsoft Visual Studio 2015, versão Profissional, com alto nível de abstração de controles e classes, incluindo bibliotecas para gráficos. Além de eficiente, o Software mostrou-se capaz de analisar amostras de forma rápida e com pequena variação de resultados gerados por métodos atuais, permitindo o armazenamento das informações coletadas para criação de sistemas de predição.