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1. Systematic thyroid screening in myotonic dystrophy: link between thyroid volume and insulin resistance

Author: Adrien Ben Hamou, Stéphanie Espiard, Christine Do Cao, Miriam Ladsous, Camille Loyer, Alexandre Moerman, Samuel Boury, Maéva Kyheng, Claire-Marie Dhaenens, Vincent Tiffreau, Pascal Pigny, Gilles Lebuffe, Robert Caiazzo, Sébastien Aubert, and Marie Christine Vantyghem
Subjects: Myotonic dystrophy, Papillary thyroid carcinoma, Ultrasound scan, Thyroid nodule, Thyroid goiter, Medicine
Abstract: Abstract Background Myotonic dystrophy (DM1), a neuromuscular disease related to DMPK gene mutations, is associated to endocrine disorders and cancer. A routine endocrine work-up, including thyroid ultrasound (US), was conducted in 115 genetically-proven DM1 patients in a neuromuscular reference center. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the causes of US thyroid abnormalities in DM1. Results In the whole population (age 45.1 ± 12.2 years, 61.7% female), palpable nodules or goiters were present in 29.2%. The percentage of US goiter (thyroid volume > 18 mL) and US nodules were, respectively, 38.3 and 60.9%. Sixteen of the 115 patients had a thyroidectomy, after 22 fine-needle aspiration cytology guided by thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) classification. Six micro- (1/6 pT3) and 3 macro-papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTCs) (2/3 intermediate risk) were diagnosed (7.9% of 115). Thyroid US led to the diagnosis of 4 multifocal and 2 unifocal (including 1 macro-PTC) non-palpable PTCs. Ultrasound thyroid volume was positively correlated to body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.015) and parity (p = 0.036), and was inversely correlated to TSH (p
Published: 2019
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2. Pharmacokinetics of Curative Tranexamic Acid in Parturients Undergoing Cesarean Delivery

Author: Sixtine Gilliot, Anne-Sophie Ducloy-Bouthors, Florence Loingeville, Benjamin Hennart, Delphine Allorge, Gilles Lebuffe, and Pascal Odou
Subjects: caesarean section, intravenous, pharmacokinetics, postpartum hemorrhage, tranexamic acid, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the population pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid (TXA) administered intravenously at a single dose of 0.5 or 1 g in parturients undergoing active hemorrhagic cesarean delivery and to evaluate the influence of patient variables on TXA pharmacokinetics. Subjects from three recruiting centers were included in this PK sub-study if randomized in the experimental group (i.v TXA 0.5 g or 1 g over one minute) of the TRACES study. Blood samples and two urinary samples were collected within 6 h after TXA injection. Parametric non-linear mixed-effect modeling (Monolix v2020R1) was computed. The final covariate model building used 315 blood and 117 urinary concentrations from seventy-nine patients. A two-compartment model with a double first-order elimination from the central compartment best described the data. The population estimates of clearance (CL), central volume of distribution (V1), and half-life for a typical 70 kg patient with an estimated renal clearance of 150 mL/min (Cockroft–Gault) were 0.14 L/h, 9.25 L, and 1.8 h. A correlation between estimated creatinine clearance and CL, body weight before pregnancy, and V1 was found and partly explained the PK variability. The final model was internally validated using a 500-run bootstrap. The first population pharmacokinetic model of TXA in active hemorrhagic caesarean section was successfully developed and internally validated.
Published: 2022
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3. Analysis of particulate exposure during continuous drug infusion in critically ill adult patients: a preliminary proof-of-concept in vitro study

Author: Malik Benlabed, Anthony Martin Mena, Romain Gaudy, Maxime Perez, Stéphanie Genay, Jean-Daniel Hecq, Pascal Odou, Gilles Lebuffe, and Bertrand Décaudin
Subjects: Parenteral nutrition, Intravenous, Infusion pumps, Drug incompatibility, Critical care, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Background In critically ill patients, drug incompatibilities frequently occur because of the number of drugs to be administered through a limited number of infusion lines. These are among the main causes of particulate contamination. However, little data is available to quantify particle exposure during simultaneous IV-drug infusion. The objective of this study was to evaluate the particulate matter potentially administered to critically ill patients. Methods The particulate matter (between 1 μm and 30 mm) of infused therapies used in ICUs for patients suffering from either septic shock or acute respiratory distress syndrome was measured in vitro over 6 h using a dynamic image analysis device, so that both overall particulate contamination and particle sizes could be determined. Data is presented according to the recommendations of the European Pharmacopoeia (≥ 10 and 25 μm). Results For the six experimental procedures (continuous infusion of norepinephrine, midazolam, sufentanil, heparin, 5% glucose, binary parenteral nutrition and discontinuous administrations of omeprazole, piperacillin/tazobactam and fluconazole), the overall number of particles over the 6-h infusion period was 8256 [5013; 15,044]. The collected values for the number of particles ≥ 10 and 25 μm were 281 [118; 526] and 19 [7; 96] respectively. Our results showed that discontinuous administrations of drugs led to disturbances in particulate contamination. Conclusions This work indicates the amount of particulate matter potentially administered to critically ill adult patients. Particulate contamination appears lower than previous measurements performed during multidrug IV therapies in children.
Published: 2018
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4. Effect of insulin infusion line on glycaemic variability in a perioperative high dependency unit (HDU): a prospective randomised controlled trial

Author: Stéphanie Genay, Bertrand Décaudin, Sabine Ethgen, Arnaud Alluin, Elodie Babol, Julien Labreuche, Hélène Behal, Marie-Christine Vantyghem, Pascal Odou, and Gilles Lebuffe
Subjects: Insulin, Perioperative care, Infusions, intravenous/instrumentation, Infusion pumps, Drug delivery systems/instrumentation, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Background Glucose control is an important issue in post-operative patients. The objective here was to compare two insulin infusion lines by syringe pumps to assess the impact of medical devices on glycaemic variability in surgical patients under intensive insulin therapy. This open, prospective, single-centre randomised study was conducted in a fifteen-bed perioperative high dependency unit (HDU) in a university hospital. In total, 172 eligible patients receiving insulin therapy agreed to participate in the study. Subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring was set up for all patients and an optimised system with a dedicated insulin infusion line for half of the patients. Results Eighty-six patients were infused via the optimised infusion line and 86 patients via the standard infusion line. No significant difference was found according to the glycaemic lability index score [mean difference between groups (95% CI): −0.09 (−0.34; 0.16), p = 0.49 after multiple imputation]. A glucose control monitoring system indicated a trend towards differences in the duration of hypoglycaemia (blood glucose level below 70 mg dl−1 (3.9 mmol l−1) over 1000 h of insulin infusion (9.7 ± 25.0 h in the standard group versus 4.4 ± 14.8 h in the optimised group, p = 0.059) and in the number of patients experiencing at least one hypoglycaemia incident (25.7 vs. 12.9%, p = 0.052). Time in the target range was similar for both groups. Conclusions The use of optimised infusion line with a dedicated insulin infusion line did not reduce glycaemic variability but minimised the incidence of hypoglycaemia events. The choice of the medical devices used to infuse insulin seems important for improving the safety of insulin infusion in perioperative HDU.
Published: 2017
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5. Effect of non-invasive ventilation after extubation in critically ill patients with obesity in France: a multicentre, unblinded, pragmatic randomised clinical trial

Author: Audrey De Jong, Anne Bignon, François Stephan, Thomas Godet, Jean-Michel Constantin, Karim Asehnoune, Aude Sylvestre, Juliette Sautillet, Raiko Blondonnet, Martine Ferrandière, Philippe Seguin, Sigismond Lasocki, Amélie Rollé, Pierre-Marie Fayolle, Laurent Muller, Emmanuel Pardo, Nicolas Terzi, Séverin Ramin, Boris Jung, Paer-Selim Abback, Philippe Guerci, Benjamine Sarton, Hadrien Rozé, Claire Dupuis, Joel Cousson, Marion Faucher, Virginie Lemiale, Bernard Cholley, Gerald Chanques, Fouad Belafia, Helena Huguet, Emmanuel Futier, Elie Azoulay, Nicolas Molinari, Samir Jaber, AUDREY DE JONG, ANNE BIGNON, FRANÇOIS STEPHAN, THOMAS GODET, JEAN-MICHEL CONSTANTIN, KARIM ASEHNOUNE, AUDE SYLVESTRE, JULIETTE SAUTILLET, RAIKO BLONDONNET, MARTINE FERRANDIERE, PHILIPPE SEGUIN, SIGISMOND LASOCKI, AMELIE ROLLE, PIERRE-MARIE FAYOLLE, LAURENT MULLER, EMMANUEL PARDO, NICOLAS TERZI, SEVERIN RAMIN, BORIS JUNG, PAER-SELIM ABBACK, PHILIPPE GUERCI, BENJAMINE SARTON, HADRIEN ROZE, CLAIRE DUPUIS, JOEL COUSSON, MARION FAUCHER, VIRGINIE LEMIALE, BERNARD CHOLLEY, GERALD CHANQUES, FOUAD BELAFIA, HELENA HUGUET, EMMANUEL FUTIER, CLAUDINE GNIADEK, AURELIE VONARB, ALBERT PRADES, CARINE JAILLET, XAVIER CAPDEVILA, JONATHAN CHARBIT, THIBAUT GENTY, SAIDA REZAIGUIA-DELCLAUX, AUDREY IMBERT, CATHERINE PILORGE, ROMAN CALYPSO, ASTRID BOUTEAU-DURAND, MICHEL CARLES, HOSSEN MEHDAOUI, BERTRAND SOUWEINE, LAURE CALVET, MATTHIEU JABAUDON, BENJAMIN RIEU, CLARA CANDILLE, FLORIAN SIGAUD, BEATRICE RIU, LAURENT PAPAZIAN, SABINE VALERA, DJAMEL MOKART, LAURENT CHOW CHINE, MAGALI BISBAL, CAMILLE POULIQUEN, JEAN-MANUEL DE GUIBERT, MAXIME TOURRET, DAMIEN MALLET, MARC LEONE, LAURENT ZIELESKIEWICZ, JEANNE COSSIC, MONA ASSEFI, ELODIE BARON, CYRIL QUEMENEUR, ANTOINE MONSEL, MATTHIEU BIAIS, ALEXANDRE OUATTARA, ELINE BONNARDEL, SIMON MONZIOLS, MARTIN MAHUL, JEAN-YVES LEFRANT, CLAIRE ROGER, SABER BARBAR, FABIEN LAMBIOTTE, PIEHR SAINT-LEGER, CATHERINE PAUGAM, JULIEN POTTECHER, PIERRE-OLIVIER LUDES, LUCIE DARRIVERE, MARC GARNIER, ERIC KIPNIS, GILLES LEBUFFE, MATTHIAS GAROT, JEREMY FALCONE, BENJAMIN CHOUSTERMAN, MAGALI COLLET, ETIENNE GAYAT, JEAN DELLAMONICA, WILLY-SERGE MFAM, EVELINA OCHIN, MOHAMED NEBLI, NEJLA TILOUCHE, BENJAMIN MADEUX, DAVID BOUGON, YASSIR AARAB, FANNY GARNIER, ELIE AZOULAY, NICOLAS MOLINARI, and SAMIR JABER
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Published: 2023

6. Tranexamic acid dose–response relationship for antifibrinolysis in postpartum haemorrhage during Caesarean delivery: TRACES, a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, dose-ranging biomarker study

Author: Anne-Sophie Ducloy-Bouthors, Sixtine Gilliot, Maeva Kyheng, David Faraoni, Alexandre Turbelin, Hawa Keita-Meyer, Agnès Rigouzzo, Gabriela Moyanotidou, Benjamin Constant, Francoise Broisin, Agnès L. Gouez, Rémi Favier, Edith Peynaud, Louise Ghesquiere, Gilles Lebuffe, Alain Duhamel, Delphine Allorge, Sophie Susen, Benjamin Hennart, Emmanuelle Jeanpierre, Pascal Odou, Cyril Huissoud, Charles Garabedian, Fanny Lassalle, Frederic J. Mercier, Catherine Barre-Drouard, Max Gonzalez Estevez, Julien Corouge, Anne-Sophie Baptiste, Anne-Frédérique Dalmas, Pierre Richart, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille], Service de Biostatistiques [CHRU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandres, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Toxicologie et Génopathies [CHRU Lille], Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 [GRITA], Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 [METRICS], Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées (GRITA) - ULR 7365, Récepteurs nucléaires, Maladies Cardiovasculaires et Diabète (EGID) - U1011, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] [CHRU Lille], and Récepteurs nucléaires, maladies cardiovasculaires et diabète - U 1011 [RNMCD]
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tranexamic Acid, Double-Blind Method, Pregnancy, Cesarean Section, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Postpartum Hemorrhage, Humans, Female, Fibrinolysin, Blood Coagulation Disorders, Antifibrinolytic Agents, Biomarkers
Abstract: International audience; BackgroundThe optimal dose of tranexamic acid to inhibit hyperfibrinolysis in postpartum haemorrhage is unclear. Tranexamic Acid to Reduce Blood Loss in Hemorrhagic Cesarean Delivery (TRACES) was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, multicentre dose-ranging study to determine the dose–effect relationship for two regimens of intravenous tranexamic acid vs placebo.MethodsWomen experiencing postpartum haemorrhage during Caesarean delivery were randomised to receive placebo (n=60), tranexamic acid 0.5 g (n=57), or tranexamic acid 1 g i.v. (n=58). Biomarkers of fibrinolytic activation were assayed at five time points, with inhibition of hyperfibrinolysis defined as reductions in the increase over baseline in D-dimer and plasmin–antiplasmin levels and in the plasmin peak time.ResultsIn the placebo group, hyperfibrinolysis was evidenced by a mean increase over baseline [95% confidence interval] of 93% [68–118] for D-dimer level at 120 min and 56% [25–87] for the plasmin–antiplasmin level at 30 min. A dose of tranexamic acid 1 g was associated with smaller increases over baseline (D-dimers: 38% [13–63] [P=0.003 vs placebo]; plasmin–antiplasmin: –2% [–32 to 28] [P=0.009 vs placebo]). A dose of tranexamic acid 0.5 g was less potent, with non-significant reductions (D-dimers: 58% [32–84] [P=0.06 vs placebo]; plasmin–antiplasmin: 13% [18–43] [P=0.051]). Although both tranexamic acid doses reduced the plasmin peak, reduction in plasmin peak time was significant only for the 1 g dose of tranexamic acid.ConclusionsFibrinolytic activation was significantly inhibited by a dose of intravenous tranexamic acid 1 g but not 0.5 g. Pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modelling of these data might identify the best pharmacodynamic monitoring criteria and the optimal tranexamic acid dosing regimen for treatment of postpartum haemorrhage.
Published: 2022

7. Neo-Adjuvant Use of Sorafenib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Awaiting Liver Transplantation

Author: Kate Minoux, Guillaume Lassailly, Massih Ningarhari, Henri Lubret, Medhi El Amrani, Valérie Canva, Stéphanie Truant, Philippe Mathurin, Alexandre Louvet, Gilles Lebuffe, Odile Goria, Eric Nguyen-Khac, Emmanuel Boleslawski, Sebastien Dharancy, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] [CHRU Lille], Hôpital Claude Huriez [Lille], Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies - UMR 9020 - U 1277 [CANTHER], Service des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif et de la Nutrition [CHRU Lille], Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Nutrition, Inflammation et axe Microbiote-Intestin-Cerveau [ADEN], CHU Amiens-Picardie, Groupe de Recherche sur l'alcool et les pharmacodépendances - UMR INSERM_S 1247 [GRAP], Thérapies Laser Assistées par l'Image pour l'Oncologie - U 1189 [ONCO-THAI], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Lille, Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies - UMR 9020 - U 1277 (CANTHER), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Lille-CHU Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Nutrition, Inflammation et axe Microbiote-Intestin-Cerveau (ADEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Groupe de Recherche sur l'alcool et les pharmacodépendances - UMR INSERM_S 1247 (GRAP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Thérapies Laser Assistées par l'Image pour l'Oncologie - U 1189 (ONCO-THAI), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)
Subjects: Transplantation, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Liver Neoplasms, Humans, Sorafenib, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Liver Transplantation
Abstract: International audience; Data on efficacy and safety of sorafenib in a neoadjuvant setting for HCC awaiting liver transplantation (LT) are heterogeneous and scarce. We aimed to investigate the trajectory of patients treated with sorafenib while awaiting LT. All patients listed for HCC and treated with sorafenib were included in a monocentric observational study. A clinical and biological evaluation was performed every month. Radiological tumor response evaluation was realized every 3 months on the waiting list and every 6 months after LT. Among 327 patients listed for HCC, 62 (19%) were treated with Sorafenib. Sorafenib was initiated for HCC progression after loco-regional therapy (LRT) in 50% of cases and for impossibility of LRT in 50% of cases. The mean duration of treatment was 6 months. Thirty six patients (58%) dropped-out for tumor progression and 26 (42%) patients were transplanted. The 5-year overall and recurrent-free survival after LT was 77% and 48% respectively. Patients treated for impossibility of LRT had acceptable 5-year intention-to-treat overall and post-LT survivals. Conversely, patients treated for HCC progression presented high dropout rate and low intention-to-treat survival. Our results suggest that it is very questionable in terms of utility that patients treated for HCC progression should even be kept listed once the tumor progression has been observed.
Published: 2022

8. Effect of oral antimicrobial prophylaxis on surgical site infection after elective colorectal surgery:multicentre, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial

Author: Emmanuel Futier, Samir Jaber, Matthias Garot, Marie Vignaud, Yves Panis, Karem Slim, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Gilles Lebuffe, Alexandre Ouattara, Younes El Amine, Philippe Couderc, Aurélien Dupré, Audrey De Jong, Sigismond Lasocki, Marc Leone, Julien Pottecher, Bruno Pereira, Catherine Paugam-Burtz, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] [CHRU Lille], Hôpital Claude Huriez [Lille], Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées (GRITA) - ULR 7365, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires = Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Application des ultrasons à la thérapie (LabTAU), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, General Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.CHI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, Middle Aged, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Ornidazole, Anti-Infective Agents, Double-Blind Method, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Humans, Surgical Wound Infection, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, Colorectal Surgery
Abstract: Objective To investigate whether oral antimicrobial prophylaxis as an adjunct to intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis reduces surgical site infections after elective colorectal surgery. Design Multicentre, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial. Setting 11 university and non-university hospitals in France between 25 May 2016 and 8 August 2019. Participants 926 adults scheduled for elective colorectal surgery. Intervention Patients were randomised to receive either a single 1 g dose of ornidazole (n=463) or placebo (n=463) orally 12 hours before surgery, in addition to intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis before surgical incision. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with surgical site infection within 30 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes included individual types of surgical site infections and major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo classification grade 3 or higher) within 30 days after surgery. Results Of the 960 patients who were enrolled, 926 (96%) were included in the analysis. The mean age of participants was 63 years and 554 (60%) were men. Surgical site infection within 30 days after surgery occurred in 60 of 463 patients (13%) in the oral prophylaxis group and 100 of 463 (22%) in the placebo group (absolute difference −8.6%, 95% confidence interval −13.5% to −3.8%; relative risk 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.45 to 0.80). The proportion of patients with deep infections was 4.8% in the oral prophylaxis group and 8.0% in the placebo group (absolute difference −3.2%, 95% confidence interval −6.4% to −0.1%). The proportion of patients with organ space infections was 5.0% in the oral prophylaxis group and 8.4% in the placebo group (absolute difference −3.4%, −6.7% to −0.2%). Major postoperative complications occurred in 9.1% patients in the oral prophylaxis group and 13.6% in the placebo group (absolute difference −4.5%, −8.6% to −0.5%). Conclusion Among adults undergoing elective colorectal surgery, the addition of a single 1 g dose of ornidazole compared with placebo before surgery significantly reduced surgical site infections. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02618720 .
Published: 2022

9. The role of tranexamic acid in the management of postpartum haemorrhage

Author: Anne-Sophie Bouthors, Sixtine Gilliot, Loïc Sentilhes, Benjamin Hennart, Emmanuelle Jeanpierre, Catherine Deneux-Tharaux, Gilles Lebuffe, Pascal Odou, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Impact de l'environnement chimique sur la santé humaine - ULR 4483 (IMPECS), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)
Subjects: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, obstetrics, postpartum haemorrhage, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], D-dimers, fibrinolysis, fibrinogen, pharmacokinetics, tranexamic acid
Abstract: International audience; In the last decades, tranexamic acid (TXA) has emerged as an essential tool in blood loss management in obstetrics. TXA prophylaxis for postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) has been studied in double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Given the small observed preventive effect, the systematic use of TXA for vaginal and/or caesarean deliveries remains controversial. The result of a pharmacokinetic modelling suggests that relative to intravenous administration, intramuscular administration may be an equally effective alternative route for preventing PPH and may enable access to this drug in low-resource countries. Prophylaxis is currently studied in high-risk populations, such as women with prepartum anaemia or placenta previa.TXA effectively reduces blood loss and PPH-related morbidity and mortality during active PPH, as demonstrated by high-grade evidence from large RCTs. The drug has a good safety profile: in most cases, only mild gastrointestinal or visual adverse events may be observed. TXA use does not increase the risk of serious adverse events, such as venous or arterial thromboembolism, seizures, or acute kidney injury. The TRACES in vivo analysis of biomarkers of TXA’s antifibrinolytic effect have suggested that a dose of at least 1 g is required for the treatment of PPH. The TRACES pharmacokinetic model suggests that because TXA can be lost in the haemorrhaged blood, a second dose should be administered if the PPH continues or if severe coagulopathy occurs. Future pharmacodynamic analyses will focus on the appropriateness of TXA dosing regimens with regard to the intensity of fibrinolysis in catastrophic obstetric events.
Published: 2022

10. Early liver transplantation for severe alcohol-related hepatitis not responding to medical treatment: a prospective controlled study

Author: Alexandre Louvet, Julien Labreuche, Christophe Moreno, Claire Vanlemmens, Romain Moirand, Cyrille Féray, Jérôme Dumortier, Georges-Philippe Pageaux, Christophe Bureau, Faïza Chermak, Christophe Duvoux, Dominique Thabut, Vincent Leroy, Nicolas Carbonell, Benjamin Rolland, Ephrem Salamé, Rodolphe Anty, Jérôme Gournay, Jean Delwaide, Christine Silvain, Valerio Lucidi, Guillaume Lassailly, Sébastien Dharancy, Eric Nguyen-Khac, Didier Samuel, Alain Duhamel, Philippe Mathurin, Christophe Berthot, Sylvie Claudet, Alexandre Doussot, Caroline Gérardin, Emilie Muel, Jean-Baptiste Hiriart, Delphine Degré, Thierry Gustot, Agnès Bonadona, Laure Bordy, Marie-Noelle Hilleret, Olivier Detry, Pierre Honoré, Nicolas Meurisse, Emmanuel Boleslawski, Dominique Deplanque, Mehdi El Amrani, Gilles Lebuffe, Guillaume Millet, Daphnée Soret, Stéphanie Truant, Domitille Erard-Poinsot, Sylvie Radenne, Stéphanie Faure, Eve Gelsi, Régine Truchi, Marika Rudler, Laëtitia Rouleau, Audrey Brenner, Hélène Larrue, Jean-Marie Péron, Marie-Angèle Robic, Teresa Antonini, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée, CHU Lille, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Physiopathologie et traitement des maladies du foie, Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Hôpital Haut-Lévêque [CHU Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Grenoble, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Groupe de Recherche sur l'alcool et les pharmacodépendances - UMR INSERM_S 1247 (GRAP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Claude Huriez [Lille], Hôpital Erasme [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Hôpital JeanMinjoz, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie et de Transplantation Hépatique [CHU Saint-Eloi], Hôpital Saint Eloi (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université de Montpellier (UM), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], CHU Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie [APHP Henri Mondor], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Service d'Hépato-gastro-entérologie [CHU Saint-Antoine], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares - Maladies Inflammatoires des Voies Biliaires et Service d’Hépatologie [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon [CH Le Vinatier, Bron] (Pôle MOPHA - SUAL), CHU Trousseau [Tours], Hôpital Archet 2 [Nice] (CHU), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), and Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)
Subjects: surgical procedures, operative, Hepatology, Hepatitis, Alcoholic, Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gastroenterology, Humans, Prospective Studies, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Liver Transplantation
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Early liver transplantation for severe alcohol-related hepatitis is an emerging treatment option. We aimed to assess the risk of alcohol relapse 2 years after early liver transplantation for alcohol-related hepatitis compared with liver transplantation for alcohol-related cirrhosis after at least 6 months of abstinence. METHODS: We conducted a multicentre, non-randomised, non-inferiority, controlled study in 19 French and Belgian hospitals. All participants were aged 18 years or older. There were three groups of patients recruited prospectively: patients with severe alcohol-related hepatitis who did not respond to medical treatment and were eligible for early liver transplantation according to a new selection scoring system based on social and addiction items that can be quantified in points (early transplantation group); patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis listed for liver transplantation after at least 6 months of abstinence (standard transplantation group); patients with severe alcohol-related hepatitis not responding to medical treatment not eligible for early liver transplantation according to the selection score (not eligible for early transplantation group), this group did not enter any further liver transplantation processes. We also defined a historical control group of patients with severe alcohol-related hepatitis unresponsive to medical therapy and non-transplanted. The primary outcome was the non-inferiority of 2-year rate of alcohol relapse after transplantation in the early transplantation group compared with the standard transplantation group using the alcohol timeline follow back (TLFB) method and a prespecified non-inferiority margin of 10%. Secondary outcomes were the pattern of alcohol relapse, 2-year survival rate post-transplant in the early transplantation group compared with the standard transplantation group, and 2-year overall survival in the early transplantation group compared with patients in the not eligible for early transplantation group and historical controls. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01756794. FINDINGS: Between Dec 5, 2012, and June 30, 2016, we included 149 patients with severe alcohol-related hepatitis: 102 in the early transplantation group and 47 in the not eligible for early transplantation group. 129 patients were included in the standard transplantation group. 68 patients in the early transplantation group and 93 patients in the standard transplantation group received a liver transplant. 23 (34%) patients relapsed in the early transplantation group, and 23 (25%) patients relapsed in the standard transplantation group; therefore, the non-inferiority of early transplantation versus standard transplantation was not demonstrated (absolute difference 9·1% [95% CI -∞ to 21·1]; p=0·45). The 2-year rate of high alcohol intake was greater in the early transplantation group than the standard transplantation group (absolute difference 16·7% [95% CI 5·8-27·6]) The time spent drinking alcohol was not different between the two groups (standardised difference 0·24 [95% CI -0·07 to 0·55]), but the time spent drinking a large quantity of alcohol was higher in the early transplantation group than the standard transplantation group (standardised difference 0·50 [95% CI 0·17-0·82]). 2-year post-transplant survival was similar between the early transplantation group and the standard transplantation group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·87 [95% CI 0·33-2·26]); 2-year overall survival was higher in the early transplantation group than the not eligible for early transplantation group and historical controls (HR 0·27 [95% CI 0·16-0·47] and 0·21 [0·13-0·32]). INTERPRETATION: We cannot conclude non-inferiority in terms of rate of alcohol relapse post-transplant between early liver transplantation and standard transplantation. High alcohol intake is more frequent after early liver transplantation. This prospective controlled study confirms the important survival benefit related to early liver transplantation for severe alcohol-related hepatitis; and this study provides objective data on survival and alcohol relapse to tailor the management of patients with severe alcohol-related hepatitis. FUNDING: The present study has been granted by the French Ministry of Health-Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique 2010.
Published: 2022

11. Les opiacés dans la stratégie de la prise en charge de la douleur postopératoire en 2020 ?

Author: Gilles Lebuffe
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Emergency Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Emergency Nursing, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Resume La prise en charge de la douleur a un impact significatif sur les suites postoperatoires. Les opoides constituent un traitement de recours de la douleur postoperatoire. Leur prescription reste actuelle pour controler les douleurs severes dans le cadre d’une prescription multimodale. La voie orale doit etre privilegiee. L’administration auto controlee est la reference par voie intraveineuse. D’autres formes galeniques (sublingual, transcutanee) ont ete recemment proposees. En raison du risque de mesusage et d’abus, une attention particuliere doit etre portee a la duree de prescription et notamment pour le tramadol dont la prescription a largement augmente en France.
Published: 2020

12. Guidelines on muscle relaxants and reversal in anaesthesia

Author: Frédérique Servin, Jean-Louis Bourgain, Franck Verdonk, Gaëlle Bouroche, Bertrand Debaene, C. Meistelman, Julien Raft, Thomas Fuchs-Buder, Cyrus Motamed, Didier Sirieix, Gilles Lebuffe, Laetitia Desplanque, Karem Slim, Jean-Michel Devys, Lionel Velly, Christophe Baillard, Benoit Plaud, Dominique Fletcher, and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
Subjects: Consensus, Monitoring, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Guidelines as Topic, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Muscle relaxants, 0302 clinical medicine, 030202 anesthesiology, Monitoring, Intraoperative, Intensive care, Intubation, Intratracheal, medicine, Humans, Anesthesia, Airway Management, education, Neuromuscular Blockade, education.field_of_study, Muscle Relaxants, Central, business.industry, Tracheal intubation, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Muscle relaxant, General Medicine, Guideline, Evidence-based medicine, Respiration, Artificial, 3. Good health, Reversal, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Neuromuscular, Update of expert guidelines, Airway management, France, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Objectives: To provide an update to the 1999 French guidelines on “Muscle relaxants and reversal in anaesthesia”, a consensus committee of sixteen experts was convened. A formal policy of declaration and monitoring of conflicts of interest (COI) was developed at the outset of the process and enforced throughout. The entire guidelines process was conducted independently of any industrial funding (i.e. pharmaceutical, medical devices). The authors were required to follow the rules of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE®) system to assess the quality of the evidence on which the recommendations were based. The potential drawbacks of making strong recommendations based on low-quality evidence were stressed. Few of the recommendations remained ungraded. Methods: The panel focused on eight questions: (1) In the absence of difficult mask ventilation criteria, is it necessary to check the possibility of ventilation via a facemask before muscle relaxant injection? Is it necessary to use muscle relaxants to facilitate facemask ventilation? (2) Is the use of muscle relaxants necessary to facilitate tracheal intubation? (3) Is the use of muscle relaxants necessary to facilitate the insertion of a supraglottic device and management of related complications? (4) Is it necessary to monitor neuromuscular blockade for airway management? (5) Is the use of muscle relaxants necessary to facilitate interventional procedures, and if so, which procedures? (6) Is intraoperative monitoring of neuromuscular blockade necessary? (7) What are the strategies for preventing and treating residual neuromuscular blockade? (8) What are the indications and precautions for use of both muscle relaxants and reversal agents in special populations (e.g. electroconvulsive therapy, obese patients, children, neuromuscular diseases, renal/hepatic failure, elderly patients)? All questions were formulated using the Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) model for clinical questions and evidence profiles were generated. The results of the literature analysis and the recommendations were then assessed using the GRADE® system. Results: The summaries prepared by the SFAR Guideline panel resulted in thirty-one recommendations on muscle relaxants and reversal agents in anaesthesia. Of these recommendations, eleven have a high level of evidence (GRADE 1±) while twenty have a low level of evidence (GRADE 2±). No recommendations could be provided using the GRADE® system for five of the questions, and for two of these questions expert opinions were given. After two rounds of discussion and an amendment, a strong agreement was reached for all the recommendations. Conclusion: Substantial agreement exists among experts regarding many strong recommendations for the improvement of practice concerning the use of muscle relaxants and reversal agents during anaesthesia. In particular, the French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (SFAR) recommends the use of a device to monitor neuromuscular blockade throughout anaesthesia.
Published: 2020

13. Morbid obesity increases death and dropout from the liver transplantation waiting list: A prospective cohort study

Author: Claire, Delacôte, Mathilde, Favre, Medhi, El Amrani, Massih, Ningarhari, Elise, Lemaitre, Line Carolle, Ntandja-Wandji, Pierre, Bauvin, Emmanuel, Boleslawski, Guillaume, Millet, Stephanie, Truant, Philippe, Mathurin, Alexandre, Louvet, Valérie, Canva, Gilles, Lebuffe, François René, Pruvot, Sébastien, Dharancy, Guillaume, Lassailly, and René, Adam
Subjects: Oncology, Waiting Lists, Gastroenterology, Humans, Prospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Liver Transplantation, Obesity, Morbid
Abstract: Liver transplant (LT) candidates with a body mass index (BMI) over 40 kg/mData between January 2007 and December 2017 were extracted from the French prospective national database: CRISTAL. Competing risk analyses were performed to evaluate predictors of receiving LT. Competitive events were (1) death/WL removal for disease aggravation or (2) improvement. The link between grade obesity, grafts propositions, and reason for refusal was studied.15,184 patients were analysed: 10,813 transplant, 2847 death/dropout for aggravation, 748 redirected for improvement, and 776 censored. Mortality/dropout were higher in BMI over 35 (18% vs. 14% 1 year after listing) than in other candidates. In multivariate analysis, BMI35, age, hepatic encephalopathy, and ascites were independent predictors of death/dropout. Candidates with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/mBMI over 35 kg/m
Published: 2022

14. Is low dose Tranexamic acid less effective than a standard dose at reducing blood loss and inhibiting hyperfibrinolysis in hemorrhagic caesarean section? Multicenter double–blind placebo-controlled dose-ranging (TRACES) trial

Author: Favier R, Gilles Lebuffe, Alain Duhamel, Odou P, Rigouzzo A, Sixtine Gilliot, Jeanpierre E, Faraoni D, Ghesquiere l, D. Allorge, Turbelin A, Sophie Susen, Le-Gouez A, Constant B, Peynaud E, Kyheng M, B. Hennart, Anne-Sophie Ducloy-Bouthors, H. Keita, F. Broisin, and Moyanotidou G
Subjects: business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Low dose, Placebo, medicine.disease, Hyperfibrinolysis, Double blind, Blood loss, Anesthesia, medicine, Caesarean section, business, Tranexamic acid, medicine.drug
Abstract: Objective: To study the effect of a low (0.5g) or a standard (1g) tranexamic acid (TA) dose compared to placebo on clinical and biological endpoints in women experiencing postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) Design: TRACES trial is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study Setting: 8 women hospitals in France. Population: Women experiencing PPH > 800 mL during caesarean section. Method: After informed consent, patients were randomized to receive either TA 0.5g (n=57), TA 1g (n=58), or a placebo (n=60). Data were collected at 8 time-points. Main outcome measures: Efficacy: additional blood loss after study drug, maternal morbidity, safety, biology: D-dimers, plasmin-antiplasmin complexes (PAP), simultaneous-generation-thrombin-plasmin-potential. Results: Compared to 1g dose, 0.5g TA was less effective to reduce additional blood loss (300 mL [95% confidence interval (95%CI) 68 to 630] vs 134 mL [95%CI50 to 419] (p=0.042)). Compared to placebo, 1g TA, but not 0.5g, inhibited hyperfibrinolysis as shown by plasmin generation potential, % increase in D-dimers from injection to 120 minutes (93% [95%CI 68 to 118] vs 58% [ 95%CI 32 to 84] (p=0.06) vs 38% [95%CI 13 to 63] (p=0.003) and % increase in PAP from injection to 30 minutes (56% [95%CI 25 to 87] vs 13% [ 95%CI 18 to 43] (p=0,051) vs -2% [95%CI -32 to 28] (p=0.009)). Conclusions: In this study, fibrinolysis inhibition was more sustained after the administration of 1g TA compared to 0.5g TA or a placebo. Further pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling will be needed to determine the optimal TA dose to be administered in PPH. NCT 02797119
Published: 2021

15. Day-time declamping is associated with better outcomes in kidney transplantation: the circarein study

Author: Sébastien Bouyé, Marie Frimat, Mathilde Jacquelinet, Nasser Alhawajri, Gilles Lebuffe, Christian Jacquelinet, Marc Hazzan, Bart Staels, David Montaigne, Amandine Coppin, Récepteurs Nucléaires, Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (RNMCD - U1011), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Agence de la biomédecine [Saint-Denis la Plaine], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, No funding was required for this study which falls within the missions of the agence de la biomédecine. BS and DM are supported by grants from Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR-16-RHUS-0006-PreciNASH, ANR-10-LABX-0046, ANR TOMIS-Leukocyte: ANR-CE14-0003-01 and ANR CALMOS: ANR-18-CE17-0003-02), the Leducq Foundation LEAN Network 16CVD01 and the National Center for Precision Diabetic Medicine–PreciDIAB (ANR-18-IBHU-0001, 20001891/NP0025517, 2019_ESR_11). BS is a recipient of an Advanced ERC Grant (694717)., ANR-16-RHUS-0006,PreciNASH,PreciNASH(2016), ANR-10-LABX-0046,EGID,EGID Diabetes Pole(2010), ANR-19-CE14-0003,TOMIS-leukocyte,Impact du moment de la journée sur la réaction inflammatoire péri-opératoire et le remodelage cardiaque inverse après remplacement valvulaire aortique(2019), ANR-18-CE17-0003,CALMOS,Homéostasie calcique mitochondriale dans le contrôle des troubles du rythme associés à la cardiomyopathie métabolique(2018), ANR-18-IBHU-0001,PreciDIAB,PreciDIAB Institute, the holistic approach of personal diabets care(2018), European Project: 694717,H2020-EU.1.1. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC) ,ImmunoBile(2016), CHU Lille, Inserm, Université de Lille, Récepteurs nucléaires, Maladies Cardiovasculaires et Diabète (EGID) - U1011, Récepteurs Nucléaires, Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires [RNMCD - U1011], Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement (RID-AGE) - U1167, CIC CHU ( Lille)/inserm, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées (GRITA) - ULR 7365, Épidémiologie et recherches translationnelles sur les maladies rénales et cardiovasculaires (EPREC) [U1018 (Équipe 5)], Institut de Recherche Translationnelle sur l'Inflammation (INFINITE) - U1286, Récepteurs Nucléaires, Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires - U1011 (RNMCD), Université de Lille, LillOA, PreciNASH - - PreciNASH2016 - ANR-16-RHUS-0006 - RHUS - VALID, EGID Diabetes Pole - - EGID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0046 - LABX - VALID, Impact du moment de la journée sur la réaction inflammatoire péri-opératoire et le remodelage cardiaque inverse après remplacement valvulaire aortique - - TOMIS-leukocyte2019 - ANR-19-CE14-0003 - AAPG2019 - VALID, APPEL À PROJETS GÉNÉRIQUE 2018 - Homéostasie calcique mitochondriale dans le contrôle des troubles du rythme associés à la cardiomyopathie métabolique - - CALMOS2018 - ANR-18-CE17-0003 - AAPG2018 - VALID, PreciDIAB Institute, the holistic approach of personal diabets care - - PreciDIAB2018 - ANR-18-IBHU-0001 - IBHU - VALID, and Bile acid, immune-metabolism, lipid and glucose homeostasis - ImmunoBile - - H2020-EU.1.1. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC) 2016-09-01 - 2021-08-31 - 694717 - VALID
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ischemia, Ischemic time, kidney transplantation, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 030230 surgery, time-of-the day, Graft function, Article, ischemia-reperfusion, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Kidney transplantation, Kidney, business.industry, transplant survival, Patient survival, Graft Tolerance, General Medicine, medicine.disease, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.anatomical_structure, Cohort, Cardiology, Medicine, business
Abstract: Despite improvements in organ preservation techniques and efforts to minimize the duration of cold ischemia, ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury remains associated with poor graft function and long-term survival in kidney transplantation. We recently demonstrated a clinically significant day-time variation in myocardial tolerance to IR, transcriptionally orchestrated by the circadian clock. Patient and graft post-transplant survival were studied in a cohort of 10,291 patients first transplanted between 2006 and 2017 to test whether kidney graft tolerance to IR depends on the time-of-the-day of clamping/declamping, and thus impacts graft and patient survival. Post-transplant 1- and 3-year survival decreased with increasing ischemia duration. Time-of-the-day of clamping did not influence outcomes. However, night-time (vs. day-time) declamping was associated with a significantly worse post-transplant survival. After adjustment for other predictors, night-time (vs. day-time) declamping remained associated with a worse 1-year (HR= 1.26 (1.08–1.47), p = 0.0028 by Cox multivariable analysis) and 3-year (HR= 1.14 (1.02–1.27), p = 0.021) outcome. Interestingly, the deleterious impact of prolonged ischemia time (&gt, 15 h) was partially compensated by day-time (vs. night-time) declamping. Compared to night-time declamping, day-time declamping was associated with a better prognosis of kidney transplantation despite a longer duration of cold ischemia.
Published: 2021

16. Fibrinolysis after an Elective Caesarean Section without Postpartum Hemorrhage: Pilot Study for Reference Values from the Simultaneous Thrombin and Plasmin Generation Assays

Author: Sixtine Gilliot, Kyheng M, B. Hennart, Peynaud E, Obstetric Anesthesia, Sophie Susen, Favier R, Odou P, Fanny Lassalle, Gilles Lebuffe, Hémar C, Jeanpierre E, Alain Duhamel, Ducloy-Bouthors A S, and Turbelin A
Subjects: Thrombin, business.industry, Plasmin, medicine.medical_treatment, Anesthesia, Reference values, Fibrinolysis, medicine, Elective caesarean section, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: ntroduction: Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)-induced coagulopathy should be better explored. An innovative Simultaneous Generation of Thrombin and Plasmin Assay (SGTPA) was developed. Objective: To establish postpartum SGTPA references. Methods: Blood samples collected immediately after delivery (T0) and then 30, 60, 120 and 360 minutes later. Thrombin Generation (TG) and Plasmin Generation (PG) changes over time analyzed in 51 women after elective cesarean section without PPH and compared with Non-Pregnant (NP) women. The SGTPA variables’ correlations with fibrinogen levels, D-dimer levels and physiological blood loss were assessed in a mixed model. Results: 37 women were included. TG and PG were higher in the postpartum group than in the NP group. TG increased early and then remained stable (baseline TG Area Under the Curve (AUC) [95% Confidence Interval (CI)] = 41037 [36850-43537] nM.min). The fibrinogen level varied over time, along with TG (p
Published: 2021

17. Strategies to prevent drug incompatibility during simultaneous multi-drug infusion in intensive care units: a literature review

Author: Anthony Martin Mena, Stéphanie Genay, Gilles Lebuffe, Bertrand Décaudin, Laura Négrier, Pascal Odou, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), and Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)
Subjects: Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Infusions, media_common.quotation_subject, Operating procedures, Drug incompatibility, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pharmacology toxicology, Drug Incompatibility, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Clinical Protocols, Intensive care, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Infusions, Intravenous, Intensive care medicine, media_common, Pharmacology, Intensive care units, business.industry, Clinical study design, Drug infusion, General Medicine, business, Intravenous, Particulate matter, Filtration
Abstract: National audience; PurposeDrug protocols in intensive care units may require the concomitant administration of many drugs as patients’ venous accesses are often limited. A major challenge for clinicians is to limit the risk of simultaneously infusing incompatible drugs. Incompatibilities can lead to the formation of particles and inactivation of drugs, whose consequences on the body have already been indicated. Our objective was to assess current strategies to counter the risk of incompatible infusions and control the resulting clinical consequences.MethodsThis review was independently conducted by three investigators in respect of the PRISMA statement. Three online databases were consulted. Full-text articles, notes, or letters written in English or French, published or in press between the 1990s and the end of February 2020, with clinical study design, were eligible. Parameters of interest were mainly number and size of particles, and a number of observed/avoided incompatibilities.ResultsAll in all, 382 articles were screened, 17 meeting all the acceptance criteria. The strategies outlined and assessed were filtration, the use of multi-lumen devices, the purging of infusion lines, incompatibility tables and databases, and the use of standard operating procedures.ConclusionAlthough many strategies have been developed in recent years to address drug incompatibility risks, clinical data is still lacking. All studies with in vitro design were excluded although some current innovative strategies, like niosomes, should be considered and studied by means of clinical data in the future.
Published: 2021

18. Balanced Opioid-free Anesthesia with Dexmedetomidine versus Balanced Anesthesia with Remifentanil for Major or Intermediate Noncardiac Surgery

Author: J. Nadaud, Sylvain Lecoeur, Antoine Roquilly, Elisabeth Dubout, M. Mazerolles, Bruno Laviolle, Emmanuel Futier, Hélène Beloeil, Gilles Lebuffe, Julien Bila, Thomas Godet, Alexandre Gerbaud, Antoine Becret, Nicolas Coullier, Stéphanie Sigaut, Matthias Garot, Pierre-Marie Choinier, Karim Asehnoune, Maxime Esvan, Julie Fayon, Sebastien Oger, Gerald Chanques, Philippe Cuvillon, F. Atallah, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], CHU Lille, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation [Rennes], Unité de réanimation médicale [CHU de Carémeau, Nîmes], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Clinique Francheville [Périgueux], Centre hospitalier régional Metz-Thionville (CHR Metz-Thionville), Hôpital Yves LE FOLL [Saint-Brieuc], Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation [CHU de Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Service de Gastroentérologie [Hôpital Beaujon], Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service d'anesthésie et réanimation chirurgicale [Nantes], Hôtel-Dieu-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Balanced Anesthesia, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Remifentanil, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, Desflurane, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nefopam, MESH: Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pain, Postoperative / drug therapy, Prospective Studies, 030202 anesthesiology, Anesthesia, Medicine, Ketamine, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Remifentanil / therapeutic use, Single-Blind Method, Treatment Outcome, medicine.symptom, Dexmedetomidine, business, Propofol, Postoperative nausea and vomiting, medicine.drug, MESH: Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / therapeutic use, Analgesics, Opioid / therapeutic use, Balanced Anesthesia / methods, Dexmedetomidine / therapeutic use
Abstract: BackgroundIt is speculated that opioid-free anesthesia may provide adequate pain control while reducing postoperative opioid consumption. However, there is currently no evidence to support the speculation. The authors hypothesized that opioid-free balanced anesthetic with dexmedetomidine reduces postoperative opioid-related adverse events compared with balanced anesthetic with remifentanil.MethodsPatients were randomized to receive a standard balanced anesthetic with either intraoperative remifentanil plus morphine (remifentanil group) or dexmedetomidine (opioid-free group). All patients received intraoperative propofol, desflurane, dexamethasone, lidocaine infusion, ketamine infusion, neuromuscular blockade, and postoperative lidocaine infusion, paracetamol, nefopam, and patient-controlled morphine. The primary outcome was a composite of postoperative opioid-related adverse events (hypoxemia, ileus, or cognitive dysfunction) within the first 48 h after extubation. The main secondary outcomes were episodes of postoperative pain, opioid consumption, and postoperative nausea and vomiting.ResultsThe study was stopped prematurely because of five cases of severe bradycardia in the dexmedetomidine group. The primary composite outcome occurred in 122 of 156 (78%) dexmedetomidine group patients compared with 105 of 156 (67%) in the remifentanil group (relative risk, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.33; P = 0.031). Hypoxemia occurred 110 of 152 (72%) of dexmedetomidine group and 94 of 155 (61%) of remifentanil group patients (relative risk, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.40; P = 0.030). There were no differences in ileus or cognitive dysfunction. Cumulative 0 to 48 h postoperative morphine consumption (11 mg [5 to 21] versus 6 mg [0 to 17]) and postoperative nausea and vomiting (58 of 157 [37%] versus 37 of 157 [24%]; relative risk, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.90) were both less in the dexmedetomidine group, whereas measures of analgesia were similar in both groups. Dexmedetomidine patients had more delayed extubation and prolonged postanesthesia care unit stay.ConclusionsThis trial refuted the hypothesis that balanced opioid-free anesthesia with dexmedetomidine, compared with remifentanil, would result in fewer postoperative opioid-related adverse events. Conversely, it did result in a greater incidence of serious adverse events, especially hypoxemia and bradycardia.Editor’s PerspectiveWhat We Already Know about This TopicWhat This Article Tells Us That Is New
Published: 2021

19. High-Fidelity Simulation

Author: Jacques Daaboul, Ali Amad, Gilles Lebuffe, Frederico Nunes, Thomas Fovet, and Guillaume Vaiva
Subjects: Psychiatry, Psychotherapist, medicine.medical_treatment, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), Internship and Residency, High Fidelity Simulation Training, Psychiatry and Mental health, Electroconvulsive therapy, High fidelity simulation, medicine, Humans, Computer Simulation, Clinical Competence, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Psychology
Published: 2021

20. Real life experience of mycophenolate mofetil monotherapy in liver transplant patients

Author: Gilles Lebuffe, Odile Goria, F.R. Pruvot, Franck Saint-Marcoux, Jérôme Dumortier, Pierre Marquet, Guillaume Millet, Sébastien Dharancy, Juliette Boulanger, Valérie Canva, Emmanuel Boleslawski, Guillaume Lassailly, Alexandre Louvet, Philippe Mathurin, Olivier Boillot, Massih Ningarhari, Stéphanie Truant, Medhi El Amrani, Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Limoges, Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l’Analyse et la Protéomique - UAR 3290 (MSAP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Claude Huriez [Lille], CHU Lille, Thérapies Laser Assistées par l'Image pour l'Oncologie - U 1189 (ONCO-THAI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), and Service de Pharmacologie, toxicologie et pharmacovigilance [CHU Limoges]
Subjects: Graft Rejection, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Calcineurin Inhibitors, Urology, Renal function, Liver transplantation, Mycophenolate, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Hepatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Bayes Theorem, Mycophenolic Acid, medicine.disease, Liver Transplantation, Calcineurin, Transplantation, Regimen, Therapeutic drug monitoring, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Metabolic syndrome, business, Immunosuppressive Agents
Abstract: Summary Background Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) monotherapy following liver transplantation (LT) remains controversial due to a risk of acute rejection. The aim of this study was to report the largest multicenter experience of the use a MMF monotherapy guided by therapeutic drug monitoring using pharmacoslope modeling and Bayesian estimations of the MPA inter-dose AUC (BEAUCMPA) before withdrawing calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) and to evaluate the benefit of MMF monotherapy. Methods MMF daily doses were adjusted to reach the BEAUCMPA target of 45 μg.h/mL. Then CNI were withdrawn and patients were followed on liver test and clinical outcomes. Main findings From 2000-2014, in 2 transplantation centers, 94 liver transplant recipients received MMF monotherapy 6.5 ± 4 years after LT. The mean BEAUCMPA was 45.5 ± 16 μg.h/mL. During follow-up, 4 patients experienced acute rejection (4%). During the first year, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) improved from 46.2 ± 10.5 to 49.1 ± 11.5 mL/kg/min (P = 0.025). Benefit persisted at year 5. In patients with metabolic syndrome, eGFR did not improve. Conclusion MMF monotherapy regimen appears usually safe and beneficial, with low risk of acute rejection and eGFR improvement. Therapeutic drug monitoring strategy seemed useful by identifying 14% of patients with low MMF exposure.
Published: 2021

21. High incidence of postoperative infections after pancreaticoduodenectomy: A need for perioperative anti-infectious strategies

Author: Gilles Lebuffe, R. Le Guern, C. Delpierre, Perrine Bortolotti, François-René Pruvot, Stéphanie Truant, Xavier Lenne, M. El Amrani, Eric Kipnis, A. Bignon, Le Guern, Rémi, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Microbiologie [CHRU Lille], Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies - UMR 9020 - U 1277 (CANTHER), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Cephalic pancreaticoduodenectomy, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, Antibiotics, 030230 surgery, Gastroenterology, Bile colonization, Pancreaticoduodenectomy, 03 medical and health sciences, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Surgical Wound Infection, Antibiotic prophylaxis, Prospective cohort study, business.industry, Incidence, Retrospective cohort study, Perioperative, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Antimicrobial prophylaxis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, High incidence, Perioperative infection, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, business, Complication, Surgical site infection
Abstract: Objectives Postoperative infections occur frequently after pancreaticoduodenectomy, especially in patients with bile colonization. Recommendations for perioperative anti-infectious treatment are lacking, and clinical practice is heterogenous. We have analyzed the effects of bile colonization and antibiotic prophylaxis on postoperative infection rates, types and therapeutic consequences. Methods Retrospective observational study in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy with intraoperative bile culture. Data on postoperative infections and non-infectious complications, bile cultures and antibiotic prophylaxis adequacy to biliary bacteria were collected. Results Among 129 patients, 53% had a positive bile culture and 23% had received appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis. Postoperative documented infection rate was over 40% in patients with or without bile colonization, but antibiotic therapy was more frequent in positive bile culture patients (77% vs. 57%, P = 0,008). The median duration of antibiotic therapy was 11 days and included a broad-spectrum molecule in 42% of cases. Two-thirds of documented postoperative infections involved one or more bacteria isolated in bile cultures, which was associated with a higher complication rate. While bile culture yielded Gram-negative bacilli (57%) and Gram-positive cocci (43%), fungal microorganisms were scarce. Adequate preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis according to bile culture was not associated with reduced infectious or non-infectious complication rates. Conclusion Patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy experience a high rate of postoperative infections, often involving bacteria from perioperative bile culture when positive, with no preventive effect of an adequate preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Increased postoperative complications in patients with bile colonization may render necessary a perioperative antibiotic treatment targeting bile microorganisms. Further prospective studies are needed to improve the anti-infectious strategy in these patients.
Published: 2021

22. Effect of dexamethasone on complications or all cause mortality after major non-cardiac surgery: multicentre, double blind, randomised controlled trial

Author: Karim, Asehnoune, Charlene, Le Moal, Gilles, Lebuffe, Marguerite, Le Penndu, Nolwen Chatel, Josse, Matthieu, Boisson, Thomas, Lescot, Marion, Faucher, Samir, Jaber, Thomas, Godet, Marc, Leone, Cyrus, Motamed, Jean Stephane, David, Raphael, Cinotti, Younes, El Amine, Darius, Liutkus, Matthias, Garot, Antoine, Marc, Anne, Le Corre, Alexandre, Thomasseau, Alexandra, Jobert, Laurent, Flet, Fanny, Feuillet, Morgane, Pere, Emmanuel, Futier, Antoine, Roquilly, Hélène, Beloeil, Pharmacologie des anti-infectieux (PHAR), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Anesthésie et Réanimation [Hôpital Nord - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), MethodS in Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch (SPHERE), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées (GRITA) - ULR 7365, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Operative Time, Population, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Placebo-controlled study, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Placebo, Dexamethasone, Drug Administration Schedule, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Double-Blind Method, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Adverse effect, education, Aged, Postoperative Care, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Incidence, Research, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, Female, France, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Objective To assess the effect of dexamethasone on complications or all cause mortality after major non-cardiac surgery. Design Phase III, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial. Setting 34 centres in France, December 2017 to March 2019. Participants 1222 adults (>50 years) requiring major non-cardiac surgery with an expected duration of more than 90 minutes. The anticipated time frame for recruitment was 24 months. Interventions Participants were randomised to receive either dexamethasone (0.2 mg/kg immediately after the surgical procedure, and on day 1) or placebo. Randomisation was stratified on the two prespecified criteria of cancer and thoracic procedure. Main outcomes measures The primary outcome was a composite of postoperative complications or all cause mortality within 14 days after surgery, assessed in the modified intention-to-treat population (at least one treatment administered). Results Of the 1222 participants who underwent randomisation, 1184 (96.9%) were included in the modified intention-to-treat population. 14 days after surgery, 101 of 595 participants (17.0%) in the dexamethasone group and 117 of 589 (19.9%) in the placebo group had complications or died (adjusted odds ratio 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.60 to 1.08; P=0.15). In the stratum of participants who underwent non-thoracic surgery (n=1038), the primary outcome occurred in 69 of 520 participants (13.3%) in the dexamethasone group and 93 of 518 (18%) in the placebo group (adjusted odds ratio 0.70, 0.50 to 0.99). Adverse events were reported in 288 of 613 participants (47.0%) in the dexamethasone group and 296 of 609 (48.6%) in the placebo group (P=0.46). Conclusions Dexamethasone was not found to significantly reduce the incidence of complications and death in patients 14 days after major non-cardiac surgery. The 95% confidence interval for the main result was, however, wide and suggests the possibility of important clinical effectiveness. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03218553 .
Published: 2021

23. Traces pilot pharmacokinetic study dataset

Author: Gilles Lebuffe, F Loingeville, Sixtine Gilliot, Pascal Odou, B Hennart, A S Ducloy-Bouthors, M Jeanne, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 [GRITA], IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine (IMPECS) - ULR 4483, METRICS : Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées (GRITA) - ULR 7365, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille], Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille
Subjects: Tranexamic acid, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Body weight, lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, Postpartum haemorrhage, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Blood loss, Pharmacokinetics, Medicine, Caesarean section, lcsh:Science (General), Data Article, 030304 developmental biology, Volume of distribution, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Patient data, lcsh:R858-859.7, business, Nuclear medicine, Intravenous, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug, lcsh:Q1-390
Abstract: The dataset displays the pharmacokinetics data obtained from the TRACES pilot study. The nine patients included were undergoing haemorrhagic caesarean section (blood loss > 800 mL) and receiving a single i.v dose of tranexamic acid (0.5, 1 or 2 g over 1 min). The dataset gathers the tranexamic acid blood and urinary concentrations. With these first elements, a pharmacokinetic compartment model was built as described in Gilliot et al. and the individual pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated. In parallel, the patients anthropometric, biological, and clinical characteristics were collected. The correlation between the patient data and the estimated individual pharmacokinetic parameters were tested. The correlation tests revealed that the dose, the height, the body weight, and the ideal bodyweight had and impact on the volume of distribution of tranexamic acid. According to these results, these latter covariates were explored using a multi-regression analysis in Gilliot et al.
Published: 2020

24. Inaugural fibrinolysis in a paradoxal Amniotic Fluid Embolism: An illustrated case-report and review

Author: Ducloy Bouthors Ducloy Bouthors, Max Gonzalez Estevez, Lydie Martel, Marjorie Brottier, Emmanuelle Jeanpierre, Roxanne Gibert, Sixtine Gilliot, Pascal Odou, and Gilles Lebuffe
Published: 2020

25. Trans-catheter aortic valve replacement (tavr) as bridge therapy restoring eligibility for liver transplantation in cirrhotic patients

Author: Mehdi El Amrani, Massih Ningarhari, Guillaume Millet, Sébastien Dharancy, Flavien Vincent, Thibault Meurice, Cedric Delhaye, Guillaume Lassailly, Stéphanie Truant, François-René Pruvot, Clementine Levy, Gilles Lebuffe, Emmanuel Boleslawski, Philippe Mathurin, Alexandre Louvet, CIC CHU ( Lille)/inserm, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse, l’Analyse et la Protéomique - UAR 3290 (MSAP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Récepteurs nucléaires, maladies cardiovasculaires et diabète - U 1011 (RNMCD), Institut Coeur Poumon [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Thérapies Laser Assistées par l'Image pour l'Oncologie - U 1189 (ONCO-THAI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), and Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)
Subjects: Liver Cirrhosis, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart disease, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], heart disease, 030230 surgery, Liver transplantation, comorbidities, Severity of Illness Index, Organ transplantation, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement, 03 medical and health sciences, Liver disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Aortic valve replacement, Valve replacement, Risk Factors, cardiovascular disease, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Pharmacology (medical), Contraindication, Transplantation, liver transplantation, business.industry, cirrhosis, Aortic Valve Stenosis, medicine.disease, practice, Surgery, Stenosis, Treatment Outcome, clinical research, Aortic Valve, hepatology, cardiovascular system, business, liver disease
Abstract: International audience; Severe aortic stenosis is a widespread valve disease, constituting a contraindication to organ transplantation due to cardiovascular morbidity and projected mortality. Mortality after conventional surgical aortic valve replacement in cirrhotic patients depends upon the Child-Pugh class. In the past few years, transcatheter aortic valve replacement has progressively become the treatment of choice for high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. Here, we report the cases of 3 cirrhotic patients who became eligible for liver transplantation after successful transcatheter aortic valve replacement as bridge therapy.
Published: 2020

26. Hypothesis for a partially non urinary elimination of tranexamic acid in haemorrhagic caesarean section: Traces pilot pharmacokinetic study: Pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid in obstetrics

Author: F Loingeville, Sixtine Gilliot, B Hennart, Gilles Lebuffe, A S Ducloy-Bouthors, Pascal Odou, and M Jeanne
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Urinary system, Population, Urology, Pharmaceutical Science, 02 engineering and technology, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacokinetics, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Caesarean section, Compartment (pharmacokinetics), education, Volume of distribution, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Cesarean Section, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Urinary elimination, Obstetrics, Tranexamic Acid, Injections, Intravenous, Female, 0210 nano-technology, business, Tranexamic acid, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background : In previous studies, the choice of doses of tranexamic acid was empirically defined as no pharmacokinetic study had been conducted in haemorrhagic caesarean section. Objective : The objective was to build a pharmacokinetic model in patients receiving a single 0.5, 1 or 2 g intravenous bolus. Method : A preliminary monocentric open study was performed in the Lille centre. Blood samples and one urinary sample were collected in the 6 hours following the injection. Nine patients were included. Tranexamic acid concentration was measured using liquid chromatography system coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. We used Monolix 2019R1 for population pharmacokinetic modelling. A structural model was constructed followed by the investigation of potential covariates. Results : Data were best described with a two-compartment model with a double first-order elimination from the central compartment. The model was improved when the variable ideal weight per dose was affected as a covariate for the apparent volume of distribution. Assuming a dose of 1 g and a height of 160 cm, the pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated at 10.26 L.h−1 for total clearance, 11.5 L for the volume of the central compartment, 15.8 L for the volume of the second compartment, a diffusional clearance of 30.36 L.h−1 , and a urinary excretion fraction of 25.8%. Conclusions : The population pharmacokinetic model of tranexamic acid in haemorrhagic caesarean section was successfully established in our tiny sample of patients. The results of this preliminary TRACES pharmacokinetic study suggested that elimination of tranexamic acid is partially non urinary in contrast with healthy patients.
Published: 2019

27. Effectiveness of in-Line Filters to Completely Remove Particulate Contamination During a Pediatric Multidrug Infusion Protocol

Author: Maxime, Perez, Bertrand, Décaudin, Wadih, Abou Chahla, Brigitte, Nelken, Laurent, Storme, Morgane, Masse, Christine, Barthélémy, Gilles, Lebuffe, Pascal, Odou, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Environnement périnatal et croissance - EA 4489 (EPS), CHU Lille, Université de Lille, Environnement Périnatal et Santé - EA 4489, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées (GRITA) - EA 7365, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 [GRITA], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] [CHRU Lille], and Environnement périnatal et croissance - EA 4489 [EPS]
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Leukemia, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, Article, Intensive Care Units, Pharmaceutical Preparations, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Humans, Drug Therapy, Combination, Particulate Matter, lcsh:Q, Particle Size, Child, Drug Contamination, Infusions, Intravenous, lcsh:Science, Filtration
Abstract: International audience; The large number of drugs administered simultaneously to neonates and children in hospital results in the formation of particles that are potentially infused. We have investigated the ability of IV in-line filters to eliminate particulate matter from multidrug infusion lines and so prevent contamination. The impact on particle occurrence of the internal volume of the IV line below the in-line filter was then evaluated. The multidrug therapy given to children was reproduced with and without in-line filtration. Three combinations with a filter were tested to vary the internal volume (V) between the filter and the catheter egress. The catheter was then connected to a dynamic particle count to evaluate the particulate matter potentially administered to children during infusion. The introduction of in-line filters led to a significant reduction in overall particulate matter, from 416,974 [208,479-880,229] to 7,551 [1,985-11,287] particles (p
Published: 2018

28. Critical care admission following elective surgery was not associated with survival benefit

Author: Kahan, Brennan C., Desponia, Koulenti, Kostoula, Arvaniti, Vanessa, Beavis, Douglas, Campbell, Matthew, Chan, Rui, Moreno, Pearse, Rupert M., Scott, Beattie, Pierre-Alain, Clavien, Nicolas, Demartines, Lee, A Fleisher, Mike, Grocott, James, Haddow, Andreas, Hoeft, Peter, Holt, Naomi, Pritchard, Andrew, Rhodes, Duminda, Wijeysundera, Matt, Wilson, Tahania, Ahmed, Kirsty, Everingham, Russell, Hewson, Marta, Januszewska, Rupert, M Pearse, Mandeep-Kaur, Phull, Richard, Halliwell, Mark, Shulman, Paul, Myles, Werner, Schmid, Michael, Hiesmayr, Patrick, Wouters, Stefan de Hert, Suzana, Lobo, Xiangming, Fang, Lars, Rasmussen, Emmanuel, Futier, Matthieu, Biais, Aurélien, Venara, Karem, Slim, Michael, Sander, Despoina, Koulenti, Mathew, Chan, Atul, Kulkarni, Susilo, Chandra, Aida, Tantri, Emad, Geddoa, Muntadhar, Abbas, Giorgio Della Rocca, Datin, Sivasakthi, Marzida, Mansor, Pastor, Luna, Arthur, Bouwman, Wolfgang, Buhre, Tim, Short, Tunde, Osinaike, Ricardo, Matos, Ioana, Grigoras, Mikhail, Kirov, Denis, Protsenko, Bruce, Biccard, Cesar, Aldecoa, Michelle, Chew, Christoph, Hofer, Martin, Hubner, James, Ditai, Tamas, Szakmany, Lee, Fleisher, Marissa, Ferguson, Michael, Macmahon, Ritchie, Cherian, Helen, Currow, Kathirgamanathan, Kanathiban, David, Gillespie, Edward, Pathmanathan, Katherine, Phillips, Jenifer, Reynolds, Joanne, Rowley, Jeanene, Douglas, Ross, Kerridge, Sameer, Garg, Michael, Bennett, Megha, Jain, David, Alcock, Nico, Terblanche, Rochelle, Cotter, Kate, Leslie, Marcelle, Stewart, Nicolette, Zingerle, Antony, Clyde, Oliver, Hambidge, Adam, Rehak, Sharon, Cotterell, Wilson Binh Quan Huynh, Timothy, Mcculloch, Erez, Ben-Menachem, Thomas, Egan, Jennifer, Cope, Paul, Fellinger, Simone, Haselberger, Caroline, Holaubek, Paul, Lichtenegger, Florian, Scherz, Franz, Hoffer, Veronika, Cakova, Andreas, Eichwalder, Norbert, Fischbach, Reinhold, Klug, Elisabeth, Schneider, Martin, Vesely, Reinhart, Wickenhauser, Karl Gernot Grubmueller, Marion, Leitgeb, Friedrich, Lang, Nancy, Toro, Marlene, Bauer, Friedrich, Laengle, Thomas, Mayrhofer, Christian, Buerkle, Karin, Forstner, Reinhard, Germann, Harald, Rinoesl, Elke, Schindler, Ernst, Trampitsch, Gerhard, Fritsch, Christian, Szabo, Jawad, Bidgoli, Hans, Verdoodt, Patrice, Forget, David, Kahn, Fernande, Lois, Mona, Momeni, Caroline, Prégardien, Audrey, Pospiech, Arnaud, Steyaert, Laurent, Veevaete, Dirk De Kegel, Karen De Jongh, Luc, Foubert, Carine, Smitz, Marcel, Vercauteren, Jan, Poelaert, Veerle Van Mossevelde, Jacques, Abeloos, Stefaan, Bouchez, Marc, Coppens, Luc De Baerdemaeker, Isabel, Deblaere, Ann De Bruyne, Stefan De Hert, Kristine, Fonck, Bjorn, Heyse, Tom, Jacobs, Koen, Lapage, Anneliese, Moerman, Martine, Neckebroek, Aliaksandra, Parashchanka, Nathalie, Roels, Nancy Van Den Eynde, Michael, Vandenheuvel, Jurgen Van Limmen, Ann, Vanluchene, Caroline, Vanpeteghem, Piet, Wyffels, Christel, Huygens, Punitha, Vandenbempt, Marc Van de Velde, Dimitri, Dylst, Bruno, Janssen, Evelien, Schreurs, Fábia Berganton Aleixo, Keulle, Candido, Hugo Dias Batista, Mario, Guimarães, Jaqueline, Guizeline, João, Hoffmann, Suzana, M Lobo, Francisco Ricardo Lobo, Vinícius, Nascimento, Katia, Nishiyama, Lucas, Pazetto, Daniela, Souza, Rodrigo Souza Rodrigues, Ana Maria Vilela Dos Santos, Jaquelline, Jardim, Joao, Silva, Paulo do Nascimento Junior, Thalissa Hermínia Baio, Gabriel Isaac Pereira de Castro, Henri Roger Watanabe Oliveira, Cristina Prata Amendola, Gutemberg, Cardoso, Daniela, Ortega, Ana Flavia Brotto, Mirella Cristine De Oliveira, Álvaro, Réa-Neto, Fernando, Dias, Pedro, Azambuja, Marcos Freitas Knibel, Antonio, Martins, William, Almeida, Calim Neder Neto, Maria Angela Tardelli, Eliana, Caser, Marcio, Machado, Crisitiano, Aguzzoli, Sérgio, Baldisserotto, Fernanda Beck Tabajara, Fernanda, Bettega, La Hore Correa Rodrigues Júnior, Julia de Gasperi, Lais, Faina, Marcos Farias Nolasco, Bruna Ferreira da Costa Fischer, Mariana Fosch de Campos Ferreira, Cristina, Hartmann, Marta, Kliemann, Gustavo Luis Hubert Ribeiro, Julia Merladete Fraga, Thiago Motta Netto, Laura Valduga Pozza, Paulo Rafael Wendling, Caroline, Azevedo, Juliana, Garcia, Marcel, Lopes, Bernardo, Maia, Paula, Maselli, Ralph, Melo, Weslley, Mendes, Matheus, Neves, Jacqueline, Ney, Claudio, Piras, Christopher, Applewhaite, Adrienne, Carr, Lorraine, Chow, Kaylene, Duttchen, Julena, Foglia, Michael, Greene, Ashley, Hinther, Kendra, Houston, Thomas Jared McCormick, Jennifer, Mikhayel, Sam, Montasser, Alex, Ragan, Andrew, Suen, Adrianna, Woolsey, Hai Chuan Yu, Duane, Funk, Stephen, Kowalski, Regina, Legaspi, Heather, Mcdonald, Faisal, Siddiqui, Jeremy, Pridham, Bernadette, Rowe, Sonia, Sampson, Barton, Thiessen, Geoff, Zbitnew, Andre, Bernard, Ronald, George, Philip, Jones, Rita, Moor, Naveed, Siddiqui, Alexandra, Wolfer, Diem, Tran, Denyse, Winch, Gary, Dobson, Thomas, Mccormick, Osama, Montasser, Richard, Hall, Leyla, Baghirzada, Si Yuan Dai, Gregory, Hare, Esther, Lee, Uma, Shastri, Albert, Tsui, Anmol, Yagnik, Danielle, Alvares, Stephen, Choi, Heather, Dwyer, Kathrina, Flores, Colin, Mccartney, Priya, Somascanthan, Carroll, Jo, Janneth, Pazmino-Canizares, Noam, Ami, Vincent, Chan, Anahi, Perlas, Ruth, Argue, Katie, Lavis, Kelly, Mayson, Ying, Cao, Hong, Gao, Tingju, Hu, Jie, Lv, Jian, Yang, Yang, Yang, Zhong, Yi, Jing, Zhou, Xiaohua, Zou, Miao, He, Xiaoying, Li, Dihuan, Luo, Haiying, Wang, Tian, Yu, Liyong, Chen, Lijun, Wang, Yunfei, Cai, Zhongming, Cao, Yanling, Li, Jiaxin, Lian, Haiyun, Sun, Sheng, Wang, Zhipeng, Wang, Kenru, Wang, Zhu, Yi, Xindan, Du, Hao, Fan, Yunbin, Fu, Lixia, Huang, Yanming, Huang, Haifang, Hwan, Hong, Luo, Pi-Sheng, Qu, Fan, Tao, Zhen, Wang, Guoxiang, Wang, Shun, Wang, Yan, Zhang, Xiaolin, Zhang, Chao, Chen, Weixing, Wang, Zhengyuan, Liu, Lihua, Fan, Jing, Tang, Yijun, Chen, Yongjie, Chen, Yangyang, Han, Changshun, Huang, Guojin, Liang, Jing, Shen, Jun, Wang, Qiuhong, Yang, Jungang, Zhen, Haidong, Zhou, Junping, Chen, Zhang, Chen, Xiaoyu, Li, 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Shuijing, Wu, Guohao, Xie, Kai, Zhang, Bing, Zhao, Xianfu, Lu, Feifei, Chen, Qisheng, Liang, Xuewu, Lin, Yunzhi, Ling, Gang, Liu, Jing, Tao, Yang, Lu, Jialong, Zhou, Fumei, Chen, Yunlin, Feng, Benchao, Hou, Jiamei, Lin, Mei, Liu, Foquan, Luo, Xiaoyun, Shi, Yingfen, Xiong, Lin, Xu, Shuangjia, Yang, Qin, Zhang, Huaigen, Zhang, Weihong, Zhao, Weilu, Zhao, Yun, Bai, Linbi, Chen, Sijia, Chen, Qinxue, Dai, Wujun, Geng, Kunyuan, Han, Xin, He, Luping, Huang, Binbin, Ji, Danyun, Jia, Shenhui, Jin, Qianjun, Li, Dongdong, Liang, Shan, Luo, Lulu, Lwang, Yunchang, Mo, Yuanyuan, Pan, Xinyu, Qi, Meizi, Qian, Jinling, Qin, Yelong, Ren, Yiyi, Shi, Junlu, Wang, Junkai, Wang, Leilei, Wang, Junjie, Xie, Yixiu, Yan, Yurui, Yao, Mingxiao, Zhang, Jiashi, Zhao, Xiuxiu, Zhuang, Yanqiu, Ai, Fang, Du, Long, He, Ledan, Huang, Zhisong, Li, Huijuan, Li, Yetong, Li, Liwei, Li, Meng, Su, Yazhuo, Yuan, Enman, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Shuna, Zhao, Zhenrong, Ji, Ling, Pei, Wang, Li, Chen, Chen, Beibei, Dong, Jing, Li, 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Fan, Yu, Shuying, Fu, Xiaodong, Ge, Baolei, Guo, Wenhui, Huang, Linghui, Jiang, Xinmei, Jiang, Liu, Yi, Yan, Pan, Yun, Ren, Shan, Qi, Jiaxing, Wang, Fei, Wang, Chi, Wu, Xiaoguang, Zhang, Ida Cecilie Christiansen, Simon Nørgaard Granum, Bodil Steen Rasmussen, Morten, Daugaard, Rajiv, Gambhir, Guðný Erla Steingrímsdóttir, Peter, Jensen-Gadegaard, Karsten Skovgaard Olsen, Hanna, Siegel, Katrine Zwicky Eskildsen, Mona Ring Gätke, Ida, Wibrandt, Simon Bisgaard Heintzelmann, Kai Henrik Wiborg Lange, Rune Sarauw Lundsgaard, Louise, Amstrup-Hansen, Claus, Hovendal, Michael, Larsen, Mette, Lenstrup, Tina, Kobborg, Jens Rolighed Larsen, Anette Barbre Pedersen, Søren Hübertz Smith, Rebecca Monett Oestervig, Arash, Afshari, Cheme, Andersen, Kim, Ekelund, Erik Lilja Secher, Birgitte, Brandsborg, Helene, Beloeil, Sigismond, Lasocki, Alexandre, Ouattara, Marlene, Sineus, Serge, Molliex, Marie Lim Legouge, Florent, Wallet, Antoine, Tesniere, Christophe, Gaudin, Paul, Lehur, Emma, Forsans, Stéphane de 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Evangelia, Andreadaki, Flora, Souri, Ioannis, Katsiadramis, Anthi, Skoufi, Maria, Vasileiou, Eleni, Aimoniotou-Georgiou, Anastasios, Katsourakis, Fotini, Veroniki, Glyceria, Vlachogianni, Konstantina, Petra, Dimitra, Chlorou, Eirini, Oloktsidou, Vasileios, Ourailoglou, Konstantinos, Papapostolou, Georgia, Tsaousi, Panagoula, Daikou, Georgia, Dedemadi, Ioannis, Kalaitzopoulos, Christos, Loumpias, Sotirios, Bristogiannis, Nikolaos, Dafnios, Georgios, Gkiokas, Elissaios, Kontis, Dimitra, Kozompoli, Aspasia, Papailia, Theodosios, Theodosopoulos, Christol, Bizios, Anastasia, Koutsikou, Aleaxandra, Moustaka, Ioannis, Plaitakis, Apostolos, Armaganidis, Theodora, Christodoulopoulou, Mihail, Lignos, Maria, Theodorakopoulou, Andreas, Asimakos, Eleni, Ischaki, Angeliki, Tsagkaraki, Spyros, Zakynthinos, Eleni, Antoniadou, Ioannis, Koutelidakis, Dimitrios, Lathyris, Irene, Pozidou, Nikolaos, Voloudakis, Maria, Dalamagka, Elena, Gkonezou, Christos, Chronis, Dimitra, Manolakaki, Dimitris, Mosxogiannidis, Tatiana, Slepova, Isaia-Sissy, Tsakiridou, Claire Lampiri Lampiri, Anastasia Vachlioti Vachlioti, Christos Panagiotakis Panagiotakis, Dimitrios Sfyras Sfyras, Fotios Tsimpoukas Tsimpoukas, Athanasia, Tsirogianni, Elena, Axioti, Andreas, Filippopoulos, Elli, Kalliafa, George, Kassavetis, Petros, Katralis, Ioannis, Komnos, Georgios, Pilichos, Ifigenia, Ravani, Antonis, Totis, Eymorfia, Apagaki, Andromachi, Efthymiadi, Nikolaos, Kampagiannis, Theoniki, Paraforou, Agoritsa, Tsioka, Georgios, Georgiou, Aristeidis, Vakalos, Aggeliki, Bairaktari, Efthimios, Charitos, George, Markou, Panagiota, Niforopoulou, Nikolaos, Papakonstantinou, Evdoxia, Tsigou, Archontoula, Xifara, Menelaos, Zoulamoglou, Panagiota, Gkioni, Stylianos, Karatzas, Aikaterini, Kyparissi, Efstratios, Mainas, Ioannis, Papapanagiotou, Theonymfi, Papavasilopoulou, George, Fragandreas, Eleni, Georgopoulou, Eleni, Katsika, Kyriakos, Psarras, Eirini, Synekidou, Maria, Verroiotou, Evangelia, Vetsiou, Donika, Zaimi, Athina, Anagnou, Konstantinos, Apostolou, Theodora, Melissopoulou, Theophilos, Rozenberg, Christos, Tsigris, Georgios, Boutsikos, Vasileios, Kalles, Nikolaos, Kotsalas, Christina, Lavdaiou, Fotini, Paikou, Georgia-Laura, Panagou, Anna, Spring, Ioannis, Botis, Maria, Drimala, Georgios, Georgakakis, Ellada, Kiourtzieva, Panagiota, Ntouma, Apostolos, Prionas, Kyriakos, Xouplidis, Eleftheria, Dalampini, Chrysavgi, Giannaki, Christina, Iasonidou, Orestis, Ioannidis, Athina, Lavrentieva, Athena, Lavrentieva, George, Papageorgiou, Maria, Kokkinoy, Maria, Stafylaraki, Stylianos, Gaitanakis, Periclis, Karydakis, Josef, Paltoglou, Panagiotis, Ponireas, Panagiotis, Chaloulis, Athanasios, Provatidis, Anisoglou, Sousana, Varvara Vanessa Gardikou, Maria, Konstantivelli, Olga, Lataniotou, Elisavet, Lisari, Maria, Margaroni, Konstantinos, Stamatiou, Edouardos, Nikolaidis, Ioannis, Pnevmatikos, Eleni, Sertaridou, Alexandros, Andreou, Eleni, Arkalaki, Elias, Athanasakis, Fotini, Chaniotaki, Aikaterini, Chatzimichali, Maria, Christofaki, Despina, Dermitzaki, Klara, Fiorentza, Georgios, Frantzeskos, Elisavet, Geromarkaki, Kalliopi, Kafkalaki, Marina, Kalogridaki, Konstyllia, Karydi, Sofia, Kokkini, Georgios, Kougentakis, Tatiana, Lefaki, Emmanouhl, Lilitsis, Aikaterini, Makatounaki, Polychronis, Malliotakis, Dimosthenis, Michelakis, Maria, Neonaki, Vasileia, Nyktari, Iliana, Palikyra, Eleftherios, Papadakis, Alexandra, Papaioannou, Konstantinos, Sfakianakis, Maria, Sgouraki, Xenia, Souvatzis, Anastasia, Spartinou, Nefeli, Stefanidou, Paulina, Syrogianni, Georgia, Tsagkaraki, Elena, Arnaoutoglou, Christina, Arnaoutoglou, Christina, Bali, Vasilios, Bouris, Rodamanthos, Doumos, Konstantia-Paraskevi, Gkini, Clio, Kapaktsi, Vasilios, Koulouras, Arian, Lena, Dimitra, Lepida, Evangelos, Michos, Dimitrios, Papadopoulos, Minas, Paschopoulos, Vaia Aliki Rompou, Ioanna, Siouti, Stavros, Tsampalas, Ourania, Ververidou, Georgios, Zilis, Alexandra, Charlalampidoy, Gregory, Christodoulidis, Andreas, 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Yuan Liang Woon, Husni Zaeem Abd Hadi, Ummi Azmira Ahmad Azam, Abdul Hafiz Alias, Saiful Aizar Kesut, Jun May Lee, Dar Vin Ooi, Hetty Ayuni Sulaiman, Tengku Alini Tengku Lih, Jeyaganesh, Veerakumaran, Eder, Rojas, Gerardo Esteban Alvarez Resendiz, Darcy Danitza Mari Zapata, Julio Cesar Jesús Aguilar López, Armando Adolfo Alvarez Flores, Juan Carlosc Bravo Amador, Erendira Jocelin Dominguez Avila, Laura Patricia González Aquino, Ricardo Lopez Rodriguez, Mariana Torres Landa, Emma, Urias, Markus, Hollmann, Abraham, Hulst, Osne, Kirzner, Benedikt, Preckel, Ankie Koopman-van Gemert, Marc, Buise, Noortje, Tolenaar, Eric, Weber, Jennifer de Fretes, Peter, Houweling, Patricia, Ormskerk, Jasper Van Bommel, Marcus, Lance, Valerie, Smit-Fun, Tom van Zundert, Peter, Baas, Hans Donald de Boer, Joost, Sprakel, Renske, Elferink-Vonk, Peter, Noordzij, Laura van Zeggeren, Bastiaan, Brand, Rob, Spanjersberg, Janneke Ten Bokkel-Andela, Janneke, Numan, Wilton van Klei, Bas van Zaane, Christa, Boer, Yoni van Duivenvoorde, Jens Peter Hering, Harry, Zonneveldt, Doug, Campbell, Siobhan, Hoare, Sahayam, Santa, Sara Jane Allen, Rachel, Bell, Hyun-Min David Choi, Matthew, Drake, Helen, Farrell, Kushlin, Higgie, Kerry, Holmes, Nicole, Jenkins, Chang Joon Kim, Steven, Kim, Kiew Chai Law, Davina, Mcallister, Karen, Park, Karen, Pedersen, Leesa, Pfeifer, Timothy, Salmond, Martin, Steynor, Michael, Tan, Ellen, Waymouth, Ahmad Sufian Ab Rahman, John, Armstrong, Rosie, Dudson, Nia, Jenkins, Jayashree, Nilakant, Seigne, Richard, Pardeep, Virdi, Liane, Dixon, Roana, Donohue, Mehreen, Farrow, Ross, Kennedy, Henderson, Marissa, Margie, Mckellow, Delany, Nicola, Rebecca, Pascoe, Stephen John Roberts, George, Rowell, Matthew, Sumner, Paul, Templer, Shardha, Chandrasekharan, Graham, Fulton, Jammer, Ib, Marlynn, Ali, Richard, More, Leona, Wilson, Yuan Hsuan Chang, Julia, Chang, Carolyn, Fowler, Jonathan, Panckhurst, Rachel, Sara, Francois, Stapelberg, Veronica, Cherrett, Donna Louise Ganter, Lloyd, Mccann, 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Bhavika, Daya, Leanne, Drummond, Ali, Elabib, Ehab Helmy Abdel Goad, Ismail, E Goga, Riaz, Goga, Harrichandparsad, R, Richard, E Hodgson, Jordaan, J, Nicky, Kalafatis, Christian, Kampik, T Landers, A, Emil, Loots, Rajhmum, Madansein, Anil, Madaree, Thandinkosi, E Madiba, Vukani, T Manzini, Mbali, Mbuyisa, Rajan, Moodley, Mduduzi, Msomi, Innocent, Mukama, Desigan, Naidoo, Rubeshan, Naidoo, Tesuven, K Naidu, Sindiswa, Ntloko, Eneshia, Padayachee, Lucelle, Padayachee, Martijn, Phaff, Bala, Pillay, Desigan, Pillay, Lutchmee, Pillay, Anupa, Ramnarain, Suren, R Ramphal, Paul, Ryan, Ahmed, Saloojee, Motshedisi, Sebitloane, Noluyolo, Sigcu, Jenna, L Taylor, Alexandra, Torborg, Linda, Visser, Philip, Anderson, Alae, Conradie, Mathew de Swardt, Martin de Villiers, Johan, Eikman, Riaan, Liebenberg, Johan, Mouton, Abbey, Paton, Louwrence van der Merwe, Candice, Wilscott-Davids, Wendy Joan Barrett, Marlet, Bester, Johan de Beer, Jacques, Geldenhuys, Hanni, Gouws, Jan-Hendrik, Potgieter, Magdel, Strydom, Edwin, Wilberforce-Turton, Rubendraj, R Chetty, Subash, Chirkut, Larissa, Cronje, Kim de Vasconcellos, Nokukhanya, Z Dube, N Sibusiso Gama, Garyth, M Green, Randolph, Green-Thompson, Suman Mewa Kinoo, Prenolin, Kistnasami, Kapil, Maharaj, Manogaran, S Moodley, Sibongile, J Mothae, Ruvashni, Naidoo, Aslam, M, Noorbhai, F, Vivesh, Rughubar, Jenendhiran, Reddy, Avesh, Singh, David, L Skinner, Murray, J Smith, Bhagwan, Singh, Ravi, Misra, Maheshwar, Naidoo, Pireshin, Ramdharee, Yvonne, Selibea, Selina, Sewpersad, Shailendra, Sham, Joseph, D Wessels, Cucu, Africander, Tarek, Bejia, Stephen, P Blakemore, Marisa, Botes, Bimalshakth, Bunwarie, Carlos, B Hernandez, Mohammud, A Jeeraz, Dagmara, A Legutko, Acela, G Lopez, Jenine, N De Meyer, Tanaka, Muzenda, Noel, Naidoo, Maryam, Patel, Rao, Pentela, Marina, Junge, Naj, Mansoor, Lana, Rademan, Pawel, Scislowski, Ismail, Seedat, Bianca van den Berg, Doreen van der Merwe, Steyn van Wyk, Komalan, Govender, Darshan, Naicker, Rajesh, Ramjee, 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Tsang, Man Shing, Lai, Man Ling, Yip, Chi Pang, Chan, Hey Man Heyman, Law, Bassanio, Li, Wing Sze, Chu, Hiu Man, Koo, Emily Gar Yee, Lam, Chi Cheong Joe, Cheng, Ka Ho, Lam, Tracy, Chu, Susanna, Lam, Wing Yan, Wong, Kin Wai Kevin, Kwok, Dily, Hung, Ching Yue Janice, Chan, Wai Kit Jacky, LamWong, Wing, Chung, Chun Kwong Eric, Ma, Shu Kai, Kaushik, Shuchi, Shah, Bhagyesh, Shah, Dhiren, Shah, Sanjay, Ar, Praburaj, Muthuchellappan, Radhakrishnan, Agarwal, Vandana, Divatia, Jigeeshu, Mishra, Sanghamitra, Nimje, Ganesh, Pande, Swati, Savarkar, Sukhada, Shrivastava, Aditi, Thomas, Martin, Yegnaram, Shashikant, Hidayatullah, Rahmat, Puar, Nasman, Niman, Sumara, Indra, Imai, Hamzah, Zulkarnain, Yuliana, Annika, Abidin, Ucu Nurhadiat, Dursin, Ade Nurkacan, Kurnia, Andri, Susanti, Ade, Handayani, Dini, Aribawa, Mahaalit Alit, Arya, Aryabiantara, Senapathi, Tjokorda Gde Agung, Utara, Utara Hartawan, Wid, Widnyana Made, Wima, Semarawima, Wir, Wiryana Made, Jehosua, Brillyan, Kaunang, Jonathan, Lantang, Eka Yudha, Najoan, Rini, Waworuntu, Neil, Awad, Hadi, Fuad, Akram, Geddoa, Burair, Khalaf, Abdel Razzaq, Al hussaini, Sabah, Albaj, Safauldeensalem, Kenber, Maithem, Bettinelli, Alessandra, Spadaro, Savino, Volta, Carlo Alberto, Giancarlo, Luigi, Sottosanti, Vicari, Spagnesi, Lorenzo, Toretti, Ilaria, Alloj, Chiara, Cardellino, Silvano, Carmino, Livio, Costanzo, Eleonora, Fanfani, Lucia Caterina, Novelli, Maria Teresa, Roasio, Agostino, Bellandi, Mattia, Beretta, Luigi, Bignami, Elena, Bocchino, Speranza, Cabrini, Luca, Corti, Daniele, Landoni, Giovanni, Meroni, Roberta, Moizo, Elena, Monti, Giacomo, Pintaudi, Margherita, Plumari, Valentina Paola, Taddeo, Daiana, Testa, Valentina, Winterton, Dario, Zangrillo, Alberto, Cloro, Luigi Maria, Colangelo, Chiara, Colangelo, Antonio, Rotunno, Giuseppe, Angel, Miguel Paludi, Maria, Cloro Paolo, Pata, Antonio, Parrini, Vieri, Gatta, Alessandro, Nastasi, Mauro, Tinti, Carla, Arrigo, Mario, Benevento, Angelo, Bottini, Corrado, Cannavo’, Maurizio, Gastaldi, Christian, Marchesi, Alessandro, Pascazio, Angelantonio, Pata, Francesco, Pozzi, Emilio, Premoli, Alberto, Tessera, Gaetano, Boschi, Luca, D’Andrea, Rocco, Ghignone, Federico, Poggioli, Gilberto, Sibilio, Andrea, Taffurelli, Mario, Ugolini, Giampaolo, Ab Majid, Mohd Azuan, Ab Rahman, Rusnah, Joseph, Jame, Pathan, Furquan, Shah, Mohammad Hafizshah Sybil, Yap, Huey Ling, Cheah, Seleen, Chin, Im Im, Looi, Ji Keon, Tan, Siew Ching, Visvalingam, Sheshendrasurian, Kwok, Fan Yin, Lee, Chew Kiok, Tan, Tse Siang, Wong, Sze Meng, Abdullah, Noor Hairiza, Liew, Chiat Fong, Luxuman, Lovenia, Mohd Zin, Nor Hafizah, Norddin, Muhamad Faiz, Alias, Raja Liza Raja, Wong, Juan Yong, Yong, Johnny, Bin Mustapha, Mohd Tarmimi, Chan, Weng Ken, Dzulkipli, Norizawati, Kuan, Pei Xuan, Lee, Yew Ching, Alias, Anita, Guok, Eng Ching, Jee, Chiun Chen, Ramon, Brian Rhadamantyne, Weng, Cheng Wong, Abd Ghafar, Fara Nur Idayu, Aziz, Faizal Zuhri, Hussain, Nabilah, Lee, Hooi Sean, Sukawi, Ismawaty, Woon, Yuan Liang, Abd Hadi, Husni Zaeem, Ahmad Azam, Ummi Azmira, Alias, Abdul Hafiz, Kesut, Saiful Aizar, Lee, Jun May, Ooi, Dar Vin, Sulaiman, Hetty Ayuni, Tengku Lih, Tengku Alini, Veerakumaran, Jeyaganesh, Rojas, Eder, Resendiz, Gerardo Esteban Alvarez, Zapata, Darcy Danitza Mari, Aguilar López, Julio Cesar Jesú, Flores, Armando Adolfo Alvarez, Amador, Juan Carlosc Bravo, Avila, Erendira Jocelin Dominguez, Aquino, Laura Patricia González, Rodriguez, Ricardo Lopez, Landa, Mariana Torre, Urias, Emma, Hollmann, Marku, Hulst, Abraham, Kirzner, Osne, Preckel, Benedikt, Koopman-van Gemert, Ankie, Buise, Marc, Tolenaar, Noortje, Weber, Eric, de Fretes, Jennifer, Houweling, Peter, Ormskerk, Patricia, Van Bommel, Jasper, Lance, Marcu, Smit-Fun, Valerie, van Zundert, Tom, Baas, Peter, de Boer, Hans Donald, Sprakel, Joost, Elferink-Vonk, Renske, Noordzij, Peter, van Zeggeren, Laura, Brand, Bastiaan, spanjersberg, Rob, ten Bokkel-Andela, Janneke, Numan, Janneke, van Klei, Wilton, van Zaane, 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Ganter, Donna Louise, McCann, Lloyd, Foley, Julia, Gilmour, Fiona, Lumsden, Rachelle, Moores, Mark, Olliff, Sue, Sardareva, Elitza, Tai, Joyce, Wikner, Matthew, Wong, Christopher, Chaddock, Mark, Czepanski, Carolyn, McKendry, Patrick, Polakovic, Daniel, Polakovich, Daniel, Robert, Axe, Tormo Belda, Margarita, Norton, Tracy, Alherz, Fadhel, Barneto, Lisa, Ramirez, Alberto, Sayeed, Ahmed, Smith, Nicola, Bennett, Cambell, McQuoid, Shane, Jansen, Tracy-Lee, Nico, Zin, Scott, John, Freschini, David, Freschini, Angela, Hopkins, Brian, Manson, Lara, Stoltz, Deon, Bates, Alexander, Davis, Simon, Freeman, Victoria, McGaughran, Lynette, Baskar Sharma, Swarna, Burrows, Tom, Byrne, Kelly, English, Duane, Johnson, Robert, Chai Law, Kiew, Manikkam, Brendon, Naidoo, Shaun, Rumball, Margot, Whittle, Nicola, Franks, Romilla, Gibson-Lapsley, Hannah, Salter, Ryan, Walsh, Dean, Cooper, Richard, Perry, Katherine, Obobolo, Amo, Sule, Umar Musa, Ahmad, Abdurrahman, Atiku, Mamuda, Mohammed, Alhassan Datti, Sarki, Adamu Muhammad, Adekola, Oyebola, Akanmu, Olanrewaju, Durodola, Akanmu, Olukoju, Olusegun, Raji, Victor, Olajumoke, Tokunbo, Oyebamiji, Emmanuel, Adenekan, Anthony, Adetoye, Adenekan, Faponle, Folayemi, Olateju, Simeon, Owojuyigbe, Afolabi, Talabi, Ademola, Adenike, Odewabi, Adewale, Badru, Collins, Nwokoro, Ezekiel, Emmanuel, Fatungase, Oluwabunmi Motunrayo, Grace, Anuforo, Sola, Sotannde, Stella, Ogunmuyiwa, Ademola, Adeyinka, Adeolu, Augustine A., Adigun, Tinuolac, Akinwale, Mukaila, Fasina, Oluyemi, Gbolahan, Olalere, Idowu, Olusola, Olonisakin, Rotimi Peter, Osinaike, Babatunde Babasola, Asudo, Felicia, Mshelia, Danladi, Abdur-Rahman, Lukman, Agodirin, Olayide, Bello, Jibril, Bolaji, Benjamin, Oyedepo, Olanrewaju Olubukola, Ezike, Humphrey, Iloabachie, Ikechukwu, Okonkwo, Ikemefuna, Onuora, Elia, Onyeka, Tonia, Ugwu, Innocent, Umeh, Friday, Alagbe-Briggs, Olubusola, Dodiyi-Manuel, Amabra, Echem, Richard, Obasuyi, Bright, Onajin-Obembe, Bisola, Bandeira, Maria Expedito, 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Kulikov, Alexander, Lubnin, Andrey, Grigoryev, Evgeny, Pugachev, Stanislav, Tolmasov, Alexander, Hussain, Ayyaz, Ilyina, Yana, Roshchina, Anna, Iurin, Aleksandr, Chazova, Elena, Dunay, Artem, Karelov, Alexey, Khvedelidze, Irina, Voldaeva, Olga, Belskiy, Vladislav, Dzhamullaev, Parvin, Grishkowez, Elena, Kretov, Vladimir, Levin, Valeriy, Molkov, Aleksandr, Puzanov, Sergey, Samoilenko, Aleksandr, Tchekulaev, Aleksandr, Tulupova, Valentina, Utkin, Ivan, Allorto, Nikki Leigh, Bishop, David Gray, Builu, Pierre Monji, Cairns, Carel, Dasrath, Ashish, de Wet, Jacque, den Hoedt, Marielle, Grey, Ben, Hayes, Morgan Philip, Küsel, Belinda Senta, Shangase, Nomcebo, Wise, Robert, Cacala, Sharon, Farina, Zane, Govindasamy, Vishendran, Kruse, Carl-Heinz, Lee, Carolyn, Marais, Leonard, Naidoo, Thinagrin Dhasarthun, Rajah, Chantal, Rodseth, Reitze Nil, Ryan, Lisa, von Rhaden, Richard, Adam, Suwayba, Alphonsus, Christella, Ameer, Yusuf, Anderson, Frank, Basanth, Sujith, Bechan, Sudha, Bhula, Chettan, 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Delgado García, David R., Zamudio, Diana, Garcia Del Valle, Santiago, Luz Serrano, M., Alonso, Eduardo, Anillo, Victor, Maseda, Emilio, Salgado, Patricia, Suarez, Lui, Suarez-de-la-Rica, Alejandro, Villagrán, María José, Alonso, José Ignacio, Cabezuelo, Estefania, Garcia-Saiz, Irene, Lopez del Moral, Olga, Martín, Silvia, Perez Gonzalez, Alba, Tovar Doncel, Sherezade, Vera, Martin Agüero, Ávila Sánchez, Francisco José, Castaño, Beatriz, Castaño Moreira, Beatriz, Flores Risco, Sahely, Paz Martín, Daniel, Pérez Martín, Fernando, Poza, Paloma, Ruiz, Adela, Serna Martínez, Wilson Fabio, Vicente, Bárbara Vázquez, Dominguez, Saul Velaz, Fernández, Salvador, Munoz-López, Alfonso, Bernat, Maria Jose, Mas, Arantxa, Planas, Kenneth, Jawad, Monir, Saeed, Yousif, Hedin, Annika, Levander, Helena, Holmström, Sandra, Lönn, David, Zoerner, Frank, Åkring, Irene, Widmark, Carl, Zettergren, Jan, Liljequist, Victor Aspelund, Nystrom, Lena, Odeberg-Wernerman, Suzanne, Oldner, Ander, Reje, Patrik, Lyckner, 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Amir, Shekar, Priya, Harden, Catherine, Hollands, Heidi, King, Angela, March, Linda, Minto, Gary, Patrick, Abigail, Waugh, Darren, Kumara, Paramesh, Simeson, Karen, Yarwood, Jamie, Browning, Julie, Hatton, Jonathan, Julian, Howe, Mitra, Atideb, Newton, Maria, Pernu, Pawan, Wilson, Alison, Commey, Thelma, Foot, Helen, Glover, Lyn, Gupta, Ajay, Lancaster, Nicola, Levin, Jill, Mackenzie, Felicity, Mestanza, Claire, Nofal, Emma, Pout, Lauren, Varden, Rosanna, Wild, Jonathan, Jones, Stephanie, Moreton, Sarah, Pulletz, Mark, Davies, Charlotte, Martin, Matthew, Thomas, Sian, Burns, Karen, McArthur, Carol, Patel, Panna, Lau, Gary, Rich, Natalie, Davis, Fiona, Lyons, Rachel, Port, Beth, Prout, Rachel, Smith, Christopher, Adelaja, Yemi, Bennett, Victoria, Bidd, Heena, Dumitrescu, Alexandra, Murphy, Jacqui Fox, Keen, Abigail, Mguni, Nhlanhla, Ong, Cheng, Adams, George, Boshier, Pier, Brown, Richard, Butryn, Izabella, Chatterjee, Jayanta, Freethy, Alexander, Lockwood, Geoffrey, Tsakok, Maria, Tsiligiannis, Sophia, Peat, William, Stephenson, Lorraine, Bradburn, Mike, Pick, Sara, Cunha, Pedro, Olagbaiye, Olufemi, Tayeh, Salim, Abernethy, Caroline, Balasubramaniam, Madhu, Bennett, Rachael, Bolton, David, Martinson, Victoria, Naylor, Charde, Bell, Stephanie, Heather, Blaylock, Kushakovsky, Vlad, Alcock, Liam, Alexander, Hazel, Anderson, Colette, Baker, Paul, Brookes, Morag, Cawthorn, Louise, Cirstea, Emanuel, Colling, Kerry, Coulter, Ian, Das, Suparna, Haigh, Kathryn, Hamdan, Alhafidz, Hugill, Keith, Kottam, Lucksy, Lisseter, Emily, Mawdsley, Matthew, McGivern, Julie, Padala, Krishnaveni, Phelps, Victoria, kumar, Vineshykaa Ramesh, Stewart, Kirsten, Towse, Kayley, Tregonning, Julie, Vahedi, Ali, Walker, Alycon, Baines, Duncan, Bilolikar, Anjali, Chande, Shiv, Copley, Edward, Dunk, Nigel, Kulkarni, Raghavendra, Kumar, Pawan, Metodiev, Yavor, Ncomanzi, Dumisani, Raithatha, Bhavesh, Raymode, Parizade, Szafranski, Jan, Twohey, Linda, Watt, Philip, Weatherall, Lucie, Weatherill, J., Whitman, Zoe, Wighton, Elinor, Abayasinghe, Chamika, Chan, Alexander, Darwish, Sharif, Gill, Jame, Glasgow, Emma, Hadfield, Daniel, Harris, Clair, Kochhar, Arun, Mellis, Clare, Pool, Andrew, Riozzi, Paul, Selman, Andrew, Smith, Emma-Jane, Vele, Liana, Gercek, Yuksel, Guy, Kramer, Holden, Dougla, Watson, Nichola, Whysall, Karen, Andreou, Prematie, Hales, Dawn, Thompson, Jonathan, Bowrey, Sarah, McDonald, Shara, Gilmore, Jemma, Hills, Vicky, Kelly, Chan, Kelly, Sinead, Lloyd, Geraint, Abbott, Tom, Gall, Lewi, Torrance, Hew, Vivian, Mark, Berntsen, Emer, Nolan, Tracey, Turner, Angu, Vohra, Akbar, Brown, Andrew, Clark, Richard, Coughlan, Elaine, Daniel, Conway, Patvardhan, Chinmay, Pearson, Rachel, Predeep, Sheba, Saad, Hesham, Shanmugam, Mohanakrishnan, Varley, Simon, Wylie, Katharine, Cooper, Lucy, Makowski, Arystarch, Misztal, Beata, Moldovan, Eliza, Pegg, Claire, Donovan, Andrew, Foot, Jayne, Large, Simon, Claxton, Andrew, Netke, Bhagyashree, Armstrong, Richard, Calderwood, Claire, Kwok, Andy, Mohr, Otto, Oyeniyi, Peter, Patnaik, Lisa, Post, Benjamin, Ali, Sarah, Arshad, Homa, Baker, Gerard, Brenner, Laura, Brincat, Maximilian, Brunswicker, Annemarie, Cox, Hannah, Cozar, Octavian Ionut, Durst, Alexander, Fengas, Lior, Flatt, Jim, Glister, Georgina, Narwani, Vishal, Photi, Evangelo, Rankin, Adeline, Rosbergen, Melissa, Tan, Mark, Beaton, Ceri, Horn, Rachel, Hunt, Jane, Rousseau, Guy, Stancombe, Lucia, Absar, Mohammed, Allsop, Joanne, Drinkwater, Zoe, Hodgkiss, Tracey, Smith, Kirsty, Brown, Jamie, Alexander-Sefre, Farhad, Campey, Lorraine, Dudgeon, Lucy, Hall, Kathryn, Hitchcock, Rachael, James, Lynne, Smith, Kate, Winstone, Ulrika, Ahmad, Norfaizan, Bauchmuller, Kri, Harrison, Jonathan, Jeffery, Holly, Miller, Duncan, Pinder, Angela, Pothuneedi, Sailaja, Rosser, Jonathan, Sanghera, Sumayer, Swift, Diane, Walker, Rachel, Bester, Delia, Cavanagh, Sarah, Cripps, Heather, Daniel, Harvey, Lynch, Julie, Paton, Alison, Pyke, Shirley, Scholefield, John, Whitworth, Helen, Bottrill, Fiona, Ramalingam, Ganesh, Webb, Stephen, Akerman, Nik, Antill, Philip, Bourner, Lynsey, Buckley, Sarah, Castle, Gail, Charles, Rob, Eggleston, Christopher, Foster, Rebecca, Gill, Satwant, Lindley, Kate, Lklouk, Mohamed, Lowery, Tracey, Martin, Oliver, Milne, David, O’Connor, Patrick, Ratcliffe, Andrew, Rose, Alastair, Smith, Annie, Varma, Sandeep, Ward, Jackie, Barcraft-Barnes, Helena, Camsooksai, Julie, Colvin, Carolyn, Reschreiter, Henrik, Tbaily, Lee, Venner, Nicola, Hamilton, Caroline, Kelly, Lewi, Toth-Tarsoly, Piroska, Dodsworth, Kerry, Foord, Denise, Gordon, Paul, Hawes, Elizabeth, Lamb, Nikki, Mouland, Johanna, Nightingale, Jeremy, Rose, Steve, Schrieber, Joe, Al ‘Amri, Khalid, Aladin, Hafiz, Arshad, Mohammed Asif, Barraclough, Jame, Bentley, Conor, Bergin, Colin, Carrera, Ronald, Clarkson, Aisling, Collins, Michelle, Cooper, Lauren, Denham, Samuel, Griffiths, Ewen, Ip, Peter, Jeyanthan, Somasundaram, Joory, Kavita, Kaur, Satwant, Marriott, Paul, Mitchell, Natalie, Nagaiah, Sukumar, Nilsson, Annette, Parekh, Nilesh, Pope, Martin, Seager, Joseph, Serag, Hosam, Tameem, Alifia, Thomas, Anna, Thunder, Joanne, Torrance, Andrew, Vohra, Ravinder, whitehouse, Arlo, Wong, Tony, Blunt, Mark, Wong, Kate, Giles, Julian, Reed, Isabelle, Weller, Debbie, Bell, Gillian, Birch, Julie, Damant, Rose, Maiden, Jane, Mewies, Clare, Prince, Claire, Radford, Jane, Balain, Birender, Banerjee, Robin, Barnett, Andrew, Burston, Ben, Davies, Kirsty, Edwards, Jayne, Evans, Chri, Ford, David, Gallacher, Pete, Hill, Simon, Jaffray, David, Karlakki, Sudheer, Kelly, Cormac, Kennedy, Julia, Kiely, Nigel, Lewthwaite, Simon, Marquis, Chri, Ockendon, Matthew, Phillips, Stephen, Pickard, Simon, Richardson, Jame, Roach, Richard, Smith, Tony, Spencer-Jones, Richard, Steele, Niall, Steen, Julie, Van Liefland, Marck, White, Steve, Faulds, Matthew, Harris, Meredyth, Kelly, Carrie, Nicol, Scott, Pearson, Sally Anne, Chukkambotla, Srikanth, Andrew, Alyson, Attrill, Elizabeth, Campbell, Graham, Datson, Amanda, Fouracres, Anna, Graterol, Juan, Graves, Lynne, Hong, Bosun, Ishimaru, Alexander, Karthikeyan, Arvind, King, Helen, Lawson, Tom, Lee, Gregory, Lyons, Saoirse, Macalister Hall, Andrew, Mathoulin, Sophie, Mcintyre, Eilidh, Mclaughlin, Danny, Mulcahy, Kathleen, Ratcliffe, Anna, Robbins, Jame, Sung, Weilin, Tayo, Adeoluwa, Trembath, Lisa, Venugopal, Suneetha, Walker, Robert, Wigmore, Geoffrey, Boereboom, Catherine, Downes, Charlotte, Humphries, Ryan, Melbourne, Susan, Smith, Coral, Tou, Samson, Ullah, Shafa, Batchelor, Nick, Boxall, Leigh, Broomby, Rupert, Deen, Tariq, Hellewell, Alistair, Helliwell, Laurence, Hutchings, Melanie, Hutchins, David, Keenan, Samantha, Mackie, Donna, Donna, Alison, Smith, France, Stone, Lucy, Thorpe, Kevin, Wassall, Richard, Woodgate, Andrew, Baillie, Shelley, Campbell, Tara, James, Sarah, King, Chri, Marques de Araujo, Daniela, Martin, Daniel, Morkane, Clare, Neely, Julia, Rajendram, Rajkumar, Burton, Megan, James, Kathryn, Keevil, Edward, Minik, Orsolya, Morgan, Jenna, Musgrave, Anna, Rajanna, Harish, Roberts, Tracey, Adamson, Michael, Jumbe, Sandra, Kendall, Jennie, Muthuswamy, Mohan Babu, Anderson, Charlotte, Cruikshanks, Andrew, Wrench, Ian, Zeidan, Lisa, Ardern, Diane, Harris, Benjamin, Hellstrom, Johanna, Martin, Jane, Thomas, Richard, Varsani, Nimu, Wrey Brown, Caroline, Docherty, Philip, Gillies, Michael, McGregor, Euan, Usher, Helen, Craig, Jayne, Smith, Andrew, Ahmad, Tahania, Bodger, Phoebe, Creary, Thai, Fowler, Alexander, Hewson, Ru, Ijuo, Eke, Jones, Timothy, Kantsedikas, Ilya, Lahiri, Sumitra, McLean, Aaron Lawson, Niebrzegowska, Edyta, Phull, Mandeep, Wang, Difei, Wickboldt, Nadine, Baldwin, Jacqueline, Doyle, Donna, Mcmullan, Sean, Oladapo, Michelle, Owen, Thoma, Williams, Alexandra, Daniel, Hull, Gregory, Peter, Husain, Tauqeer, Kirk-Bayley, Justin, Mathers, Edward, Montague, Laura, White, Stuart, Avis, Joanne, Cook, Tim, Dali-Kemmery, Lola, Kerslake, Ian, Lambourne, Victoria, Pearson, Annabel, Boyd, Christine, Callaghan, Mark, Lawson, Cathy, McCrossan, Roopa, Nesbitt, Vanessa, O’connor, Laura, Scott, Julia, Sinclair, Rhona, Farid, Nahla, Morgese, Ciro, Bhatia, Kailash, Karmarkar, Swati, Ahmed, Jamil, Branagan, Graham, Hutton, Monica, Swain, Andrew, Brookes, Jamie, Cornell, Jonathan, Dolan, Rachael, Hulme, Jonathan, Jansen van Vuuren, Amanda, Jowitt, Tom, Kalashetty, Gunasheela, Lloyd, Fran, Patel, Kiran, Sherwood, Nichola, Brown, Lynne, Chandler, Ben, Deighton, Kerry, Emma, Temlett, Haunch, Kirsty, Cheeseman, Michelle, Dent, Kathy, Garg, Sanjeev, Gray, Carol, Hood, Marion, Jones, Dawn, Juj, Joanne, Rao, Roshan, Walker, Tara, Al Anizi, Mashel, Cheah, Clarissa, Cheing, Yushio, Coutinho, Francisco, Gondo, Prisca, Hadebe, Bernard, Onie Hove, Mazvangu, khader, Ahamed, Krishnachetty, Bobby, Rhodes, Karen, Sokhi, Jagdish, Baker, Katie-Anne, Bertram, Wendy, Looseley, Alex, Mouton, Ronelle, Arnold, Glenn, Arya, Shobhit, Balfoussia, Danai, Baxter, Linden, Harris, Jame, Jones, Craig, Knaggs, Alison, Markar, Sheraz, Perera, Anisha, Scott, Alasdair, Shida, Asako, Sirha, Ravneet, Wright, Sally, Frost, Victoria, Gray, Catherine, MacGregor, Mark, Andrews, Emma, Arrandale, Lindsay, Barrett, Stephen, Cifra, Elna, Cooper, Mariese, Dragnea, Drago, Elna, Cifra, Maclean, Jennifer, Meier, Sonja, Milliken, Donald, Munns, Christopher, Ratanshi, Nadir, Salvana, Abegail, Watson, Anthony, Ali, Hani, Campbell, Gill, Critchley, Rebecca, Hicks, Catherine, Liddle, Alison, Pass, Marc, Ritchie, Charlotte, Thomas, Charlotte, Too, Lingxi, Welsh, Sarah, Gill, Talvinder, Johnson, Joanne, Reed, Joanne, Davis, Edward, Papadopoullos, Sam, Attwood, Clare, Biffen, Andrew, Boulton, Kerenza, Gray, Sophie, Hay, David, Mills, Sarah, Montgomery, Jane, Riddell, Rory, Simpson, Jame, Bhardwaj, Neeraj, Paul, Elaine, Uwubamwen, Nosakhare, Alexander, Maini, Arrich, Jame, Arumugam, Swarna, Blackwood, Dougla, Boggiano, Victoria, Brown, Robyn, Lam Chan, Yik, Chatterjee, Devnandan, Chhabra, Ashok, Christian, Rachel, Costelloe, Hannah, Coxwell Matthewman, Madeline, Dalton, Emma, Darko, Julia, Davari, Maria, Dave, Tejal, Deacon, Matthew, Deepak, Shantal, Edmond, Holly, Ellis, Jessica, El-Sayed, Ahmed, Eneje, Philip, English, Rose, Ewe, Renee, Foers, William, Franklin, John, Gallego, Laura, Garrett, Emily, Goldberg, Olivia, Goss, Harry, Greaves, Rosanna, Harris, Rudy, Hennings, Charle, Jones, Eleanor, Kamali, Nelson, Kokkinos, Naomi, Lewis, Cary, Lignos, Leda, Malgapo, Evaleen Victoria, Malik, Rizwana, Milne, Andrew, Mulligan, John-Patrick, Nicklin, Philippa, Palipane, Natasha, Parsons, Thoma, Piper, Rebecca, Prakash, Rohan, Ramesh, Byron, Rasip, Sarah, Reading, Jacob, Rela, Mariam, Reyes, Anna, Robert, Stephen, Rooms, Martin, Shah, Karishma, Simons, Henry, Solanki, Shalil, Spowart, Emma, Stevens, Amy, Thomas, Christopher, Waggett, Helena, Yassaee, Arrash, Kennedy, Anthony, Scott, Sara, Somanath, Sameer, Berg, Andrew, Hernandez, Miguel, Nanda, Rajesh, Tank, Ghanshyambhai, Wilson, Natalie, 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Garg, A., Karpate, S., O'Hara, C., Troko, J., Angus, K., Bradley, J., Brennan, E., Brooks, C., Brown, J., Brown, G., Finch, A., Gratrix, K., Hesketh, S., Hill, G., Jeffs, C., Morgan, M., Pemberton, C., Slawson, N., Spickett, H., Swarbrick, G., Van Duyvenvoorde, G., Brennan, A., Briscoe, R., Cooper, S., Lawton, T., Northey, M., Senaratne, R., Stanworth, H., Burrows, L., Cain, H., Craven, R., Davies, K., Jonas, A., Pachucki, M., Walkden, G., Davies, H., Gudaca, M., Hobrok, M., Arawwawala, D., Fergey, L., Gardiner, M., Gunn, J., Johnson, L., Lofting, A., Lyle, A., Mc Neela, F., Smolen, S., Topliffe, J., Williams, S., Bland, M., Kaura, V., Lanka, P., Naylor, C., Ahmed, A., Myatt, J., Shenoy, R., Soon, W.C., Tan, J., Karadia, S., Self, J., Durant, E., Tripathi, S., Bullock, C., Ghosh, A., Hughes, T., Zsisku, L., Bengeri, S., Cowton, A., Khalid, M.S., Limb, J., McAdam, C., Porritt, M., Rafi, M.A., Shekar, P., Harden, C., Hollands, H., King, A., March, L., Minto, G., Patrick, A., Waugh, D., Kumara, P., Simeson, K., Yarwood, J., Browning, J., Hatton, J., Julian, H., Mitra, A., Newton, M., Pernu, P., Wilson, A., Commey, T., Foot, H., Glover, L., Gupta, A., Lancaster, N., Levin, J., Mackenzie, F., Mestanza, C., Nofal, E., Pout, L., Varden, R., Wild, J., Jones, S., Moreton, S., Pulletz, M., Davies, C., Martin, M., Thomas, S., Burns, K., McArthur, C., Patel, P., Lau, G., Rich, N., Davis, F., Lyons, R., Port, B., Prout, R., Smith, C., Adelaja, Y., Bennett, V., Bidd, H., Dumitrescu, A., Murphy, J.F., Keen, A., Mguni, N., Ong, C., Adams, G., Boshier, P., Brown, R., Butryn, I., Chatterjee, J., Freethy, A., Lockwood, G., Tsakok, M., Tsiligiannis, S., Peat, W., Stephenson, L., Bradburn, M., Pick, S., Cunha, P., Olagbaiye, O., Tayeh, S., Abernethy, C., Balasubramaniam, M., Bennett, R., Bolton, D., Martinson, V., Bell, S., Heather, B., Kushakovsky, V., Alcock, L., Alexander, H., Anderson, C., Baker, P., Brookes, M., Cawthorn, L., Cirstea, E., Colling, K., Coulter, I., Das, S., Haigh, K., Hamdan, A., Hugill, K., Kottam, L., Lisseter, E., Mawdsley, M., McGivern, J., Padala, K., Phelps, V., Kumar, V.R., Stewart, K., Towse, K., Tregonning, J., Vahedi, A., Walker, A., Baines, D., Bilolikar, A., Chande, S., Copley, E., Dunk, N., Kulkarni, R., Kumar, P., Metodiev, Y., Ncomanzi, D., Raithatha, B., Raymode, P., Szafranski, J., Twohey, L., Watt, P., Weatherall, L., Whitman, Z., Wighton, E., Abayasinghe, C., Chan, A., Darwish, S., Gill, J., Glasgow, E., Hadfield, D., Harris, C., Kochhar, A., Mellis, C., Pool, A., Riozzi, P., Selman, A., Smith, E.J., Vele, L., Gercek, Y., Guy, K., Holden, D., Watson, N., Whysall, K., Andreou, P., Hales, D., Thompson, J., Bowrey, S., McDonald, S., Gilmore, J., Hills, V., Kelly, C., Kelly, S., Lloyd, G., Abbott, T., Gall, L., Torrance, H., Vivian, M., Berntsen, E., Nolan, T., Turner, A., Vohra, A., Brown, A., Clark, R., Coughlan, E., Daniel, C., Patvardhan, C., Pearson, R., Predeep, S., Saad, H., Shanmugam, M., Varley, S., Wylie, K., Cooper, L., Makowski, A., Misztal, B., Moldovan, E., Pegg, C., Donovan, A., Foot, J., Large, S., Claxton, A., Netke, B., Armstrong, R., Calderwood, C., Kwok, A., Mohr, O., Oyeniyi, P., Patnaik, L., Post, B., Ali, S., Arshad, H., Baker, G., Brenner, L., Brincat, M., Brunswicker, A., Cox, H., Cozar, O.I., Durst, A., Fengas, L., Flatt, J., Glister, G., Narwani, V., Photi, E., Rankin, A., Rosbergen, M., Beaton, C., Horn, R., Hunt, J., Rousseau, G., Stancombe, L., Absar, M., Allsop, J., Drinkwater, Z., Hodgkiss, T., Smith, K., Alexander-Sefre, F., Campey, L., Dudgeon, L., Hall, K., Hitchcock, R., James, L., Winstone, U., Ahmad, N., Bauchmuller, K., Harrison, J., Jeffery, H., Miller, D., Pinder, A., Pothuneedi, S., Rosser, J., Sanghera, S., Swift, D., Walker, R., Bester, D., Cavanagh, S., Cripps, H., Daniel, H., Lynch, J., Pyke, S., Scholefield, J., Whitworth, H., Bottrill, F., Ramalingam, G., Webb, S., Akerman, N., Antill, P., Bourner, L., Buckley, S., Castle, G., Charles, R., Eggleston, C., Foster, R., Gill, S., Lindley, K., Lklouk, M., Lowery, T., Martin, O., Milne, D., O'Connor, P., Ratcliffe, A., Rose, A., Smith, A., Varma, S., Ward, J., Barcraft-Barnes, H., Camsooksai, J., Colvin, C., Reschreiter, H., Tbaily, L., Venner, N., Hamilton, C., Kelly, L., Toth-Tarsoly, P., Dodsworth, K., Foord, D., Gordon, P., Hawes, E., Lamb, N., Mouland, J., Nightingale, J., Rose, S., Schrieber, J., Al 'Amri, K., Aladin, H., Arshad, M.A., Barraclough, J., Bentley, C., Bergin, C., Carrera, R., Clarkson, A., Collins, M., Denham, S., Griffiths, E., Ip, P., Jeyanthan, S., Joory, K., Kaur, S., Marriott, P., Mitchell, N., Nagaiah, S., Nilsson, A., Parekh, N., Pope, M., Seager, J., Serag, H., Tameem, A., Thomas, A., Thunder, J., Torrance, A., Vohra, R., Whitehouse, A., Wong, T., Blunt, M., Wong, K., Giles, J., Reed, I., Weller, D., Bell, G., Birch, J., Damant, R., Maiden, J., Mewies, C., Prince, C., Radford, J., Balain, B., Banerjee, R., Barnett, A., Burston, B., Edwards, J., Evans, C., Ford, D., Gallacher, P., Hill, S., Jaffray, D., Karlakki, S., Kennedy, J., Kiely, N., Lewthwaite, S., Marquis, C., Ockendon, M., Phillips, S., Pickard, S., Richardson, J., Roach, R., Smith, T., Spencer-Jones, R., Steele, N., Steen, J., Van Liefland, M., White, S., Faulds, M., Harris, M., Nicol, S., Pearson, S.A., Chukkambotla, S., Andrew, A., Attrill, E., Campbell, G., Datson, A., Fouracres, A., Graterol, J., Graves, L., Hong, B., Ishimaru, A., Karthikeyan, A., King, H., Lawson, T., Lee, G., Lyons, S., Macalister Hall, A., Mathoulin, S., Mcintyre, E., Mclaughlin, D., Mulcahy, K., Robbins, J., Sung, W., Tayo, A., Trembath, L., Venugopal, S., Wigmore, G., Boereboom, C., Downes, C., Humphries, R., Melbourne, S., Tou, S., Ullah, S., Batchelor, N., Boxall, L., Broomby, R., Deen, T., Hellewell, A., Helliwell, L., Hutchings, M., Hutchins, D., Keenan, S., Mackie, D., Donna, A., Smith, F., Stone, L., Thorpe, K., Wassall, R., Woodgate, A., Baillie, S., Campbell, T., James, S., King, C., Marques de Araujo, D., Martin, D., Morkane, C., Neely, J., Rajendram, R., Burton, M., James, K., Keevil, E., Minik, O., Morgan, J., Musgrave, A., Rajanna, H., Roberts, T., Adamson, M., Jumbe, S., Kendall, J., Muthuswamy, M.B., Cruikshanks, A., Wrench, I., Zeidan, L., Ardern, D., Harris, B., Hellstrom, J., Martin, J., Thomas, R., Varsani, N., Wrey Brown, C., Docherty, P., Gillies, M., McGregor, E., Usher, H., Craig, J., Ahmad, T., Bodger, P., Creary, T., Fowler, A., Ijuo, E., Jones, T., Kantsedikas, I., Lahiri, S., McLean, A.L., Niebrzegowska, E., Phull, M., Wickboldt, N., Baldwin, J., Doyle, D., Mcmullan, S., Oladapo, M., Owen, T., Williams, A., Gregory, P., Husain, T., Kirk-Bayley, J., Mathers, E., Montague, L., Avis, J., Cook, T., Dali-Kemmery, L., Kerslake, I., Lambourne, V., Pearson, A., Boyd, C., Callaghan, M., Lawson, C., McCrossan, R., Nesbitt, V., O'connor, L., Sinclair, R., Farid, N., Morgese, C., Bhatia, K., Karmarkar, S., Ahmed, J., Branagan, G., Hutton, M., Swain, A., Brookes, J., Cornell, J., Dolan, R., Hulme, J., Jansen van Vuuren, A., Jowitt, T., Kalashetty, G., Lloyd, F., Patel, K., Sherwood, N., Brown, L., Chandler, B., Deighton, K., Emma, T., Haunch, K., Cheeseman, M., Dent, K., Gray, C., Hood, M., Jones, D., Juj, J., Rao, R., Walker, T., Al Anizi, M., Cheah, C., Cheing, Y., Coutinho, F., Gondo, P., Hadebe, B., Onie Hove, M., Khader, A., Krishnachetty, B., Rhodes, K., Sokhi, J., Baker, K.A., Bertram, W., Looseley, A., Mouton, R., Arnold, G., Arya, S., Balfoussia, D., Baxter, L., Harris, J., Jones, C., Knaggs, A., Markar, S., Perera, A., Scott, A., Shida, A., Sirha, R., Wright, S., Frost, V., MacGregor, M., Andrews, E., Arrandale, L., Barrett, S., Cifra, E., Cooper, M., Dragnea, D., Elna, C., Maclean, J., Meier, S., Milliken, D., Munns, C., Ratanshi, N., Salvana, A., Watson, A., Ali, H., Critchley, R., Hicks, C., Liddle, A., Pass, M., Ritchie, C., Thomas, C., Too, L., Welsh, S., Gill, T., Johnson, J., Reed, J., Davis, E., Papadopoullos, S., Attwood, C., Biffen, A., Boulton, K., Gray, S., Hay, D., Mills, S., Montgomery, J., Riddell, R., Simpson, J., Bhardwaj, N., Paul, E., Uwubamwen, N., Alexander, M., Arrich, J., Arumugam, S., Blackwood, D., Boggiano, V., Lam Chan, Y., Chatterjee, D., Chhabra, A., Christian, R., Costelloe, H., Coxwell Matthewman, M., Dalton, E., Darko, J., Davari, M., Dave, T., Deacon, M., Deepak, S., Edmond, H., Ellis, J., El-Sayed, A., Eneje, P., English, R., Ewe, R., Foers, W., Franklin, J., Gallego, L., Garrett, E., Goldberg, O., Goss, H., Greaves, R., Harris, R., Hennings, C., Jones, E., Kamali, N., Kokkinos, N., Lewis, C., Lignos, L., Malgapo, E.V., Malik, R., Milne, A., Mulligan, J.P., Nicklin, P., Palipane, N., Parsons, T., Piper, R., Prakash, R., Ramesh, B., Rasip, S., Reading, J., Rela, M., Reyes, A., Robert, S., Rooms, M., Shah, K., Simons, H., Solanki, S., Spowart, E., Stevens, A., Waggett, H., Yassaee, A., Kennedy, A., Scott, S., Somanath, S., Berg, A., Hernandez, M., Nanda, R., Tank, G., Wilson, N., Wilson, D., Al-Soudaine, Y., Baldwin, M., Cornish, J., Davies, Z., Davies, L., Edwards, M., Frewer, N., Gallard, S., Glasbey, J., Harries, R., Hopkins, L., Kim, T., Koompirochana, V., Lawson, S., Lewis, M., Makzal, Z., Scourfield, S., Ahmad, Y., Bates, S., Blackwell, C., Bryant, H., Coulter, S., Cruickshank, R., Daniel, S., Daubeny, T., Golder, K., Hawkins, L., Helen, B., Hinxman, H., Levett, D., Skinner, B., Walsgrove, J., Dickson, J., Constantin, K., Karen, M., O'Brien, P., O'Donohoe, L., Payne, H., Sundayi, S., Walker, E., Brooke, J., Cardy, J., Humphreys, S., Kessack, L., Kubitzek, C., Kumar, S., Cotterill, D., Hodzovic, E., Hosdurga, G., Miles, E., Saunders, G., Campbell, M., Chan, P., Jemmett, K., Raj, A., Naik, A., Ramamoorthy, R., Shah, N., Sylvan, A., Blyth, K., Burtenshaw, A., Freeman, D., Johnson, E., Lo, P., Martin, T., Plunkett, E., Wollaston, J., Allison, J., Carroll, C., Craw, N., Craw, S., Pitt-Kerby, T., Rowland-Axe, R., Spurdle, K., McDonald, A., Simon, D., Sinha, V., Banner-Goodspeed, V., Boone, M., Campbell, K., Lu, F., Scannell, J., Sobol, J., Balajonda, N., Clemmons, K., Conde, C., Funk, B., Hopkins, T., Olaleye, O., Omer, O., Pender, M., Porto, A., Waweru, P., Yeh, E., Bodansky, D., Evans, A., Kleopoulos, S., Maril, R., Mathney, E., Sanchez, A., Tinuoye, E., Bateman, B., Eng, K., Jiang, N., Ladha, K., Needleman, J., Chen, L.L., Lane, R., Robinowitz, D., Ghushe, N., Irshad, M., Patel, S., Takemoto, S., Wallace, A., Mazzeffi, M., Rock, P., Wallace, K., Zhu, X., Chua, P., Mattera, M., Sharar, R., Thilen, S., Treggiari, M., Morgan, A., Sofjan, I., Subramaniam, K., Avidan, M., Maybrier, H., Muench, M., and Wildes, T.
Subjects: Male, HSJ UCI, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, law.invention, Perioperative Care/methods, 0302 clinical medicine, Surgical procedures, 030202 anesthesiology, law, Critical care/utilisation, Postoperative care/methods, Postoperative care/statistics and numerical data, Surgical procedures, operative/mortality, statistics and numerical data, Prospective Studies, Postoperative Period, Postoperative care/methods, education.field_of_study, Postoperative care/method, Elective Surgical Procedures/mortality, fluid output, Middle Aged, fluid administration, Intensive care unit, Hospitalization, Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data, operative/mortality, Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data, outcome, Female, Elective Surgical Procedure, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Logistic Model, Postoperative care/statistics and numerical data, Critical care/utilisation, Population, Intensive Care Unit, Elective Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data, Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data, Humans, Logistic Models, Surgical procedures, operative/mortality, Postoperative care, methods, Perioperative Care, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, Anesthesiology, Intensive care, medicine, Elective surgery, Intensive care medicine, education, business.industry, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Perioperative, Length of Stay, Clinical trial, Prospective Studie, septic shock, business
Abstract: PURPOSE: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there is a need to define optimal levels of perioperative care. Our aim was to describe the relationship between the provision and use of critical care resources and postoperative mortality. METHODS: Planned analysis of data collected during an international 7-day cohort study of adults undergoing elective in-patient surgery. We used risk-adjusted mixed-effects logistic regression models to evaluate the association between admission to critical care immediately after surgery and in-hospital mortality. We evaluated hospital-level associations between mortality and critical care admission immediately after surgery, critical care admission to treat life-threatening complications, and hospital provision of critical care beds. We evaluated the effect of national income using interaction tests. RESULTS: 44,814 patients from 474 hospitals in 27 countries were available for analysis. Death was more frequent amongst patients admitted directly to critical care after surgery (critical care: 103/4317 patients [2%], standard ward: 99/39,566 patients [0.3%]; adjusted OR 3.01 [2.10-5.21]; p < 0.001). This association may differ with national income (high income countries OR 2.50 vs. low and middle income countries OR 4.68; p = 0.07). At hospital level, there was no association between mortality and critical care admission directly after surgery (p = 0.26), critical care admission to treat complications (p = 0.33), or provision of critical care beds (p = 0.70). Findings of the hospital-level analyses were not affected by national income status. A sensitivity analysis including only high-risk patients yielded similar findings. CONCLUSIONS: We did not identify any survival benefit from critical care admission following surgery. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2017

29. MELD may be more than just a prediction tool for early waitlist mortality

Author: Gilles Lebuffe, Anne Bignon, Sébastien Dharancy, Gautier Nitel Hadj, Aghilès Hamroun, and François Provôt
Subjects: Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Emergency medicine, MEDLINE, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Waitlist mortality, business
Published: 2020

30. Optimisation hémodynamique et conséquences postopératoires

Author: Gilles Lebuffe and Ali Lazkani
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030202 anesthesiology, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Surgery
Abstract: Resume L’optimisation hemodynamique s’inscrit dans une demarche medicale visant a identifier les patients les plus a risque. Cette stratification est necessaire pour personnaliser la prise en charge hemodynamique qui s’adaptera au niveau de risque en utilisant du materiel plus ou moins invasif. L’approche hemodynamique macrocirculatoire vise a maintenir l’adequation entre l’apport (DO 2 ) et les besoins en oxygene (VO 2 ). Le remplissage a un role essentiel reposant sur le principe de la titration a partir de la mesure du volume d’ejection systolique ou d’indices de precharge-dependance. L’operationnalite du reseau microcirculatoire est le meilleur garant pour atteindre cet objectif. Une evaluation de la balance DO 2 /VO 2 s’impose alors dans les situations critiques ou une insuffisance respiratoire tissulaire en O 2 peut survenir. Globalement, l’ensemble des strategies se fondant sur des objectifs pour guider le remplissage et/ou l’oxygenation tissulaire ameliorent le devenir postoperatoire du patient en diminuant la morbidite et la duree de sejour hospitalier.
Published: 2016

31. Réactualisation de la recommandation sur la douleur postopératoire

Author: Anissa Belbachir, Karine Nouette Gaulain, Emmanuel Marret, Frédéric Aubrun, Michel Carles, Hélène Beloeil, Philippe Cuvillon, Dominique Fletcher, Gilles Lebuffe, Paul Zetlaoui, Valeria Martinez, Nadia Sabourdin, C. Dadure, and Michel Olivier
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 030202 anesthesiology, Neurology (clinical), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Douleurs - In Press.Proof corrected by the author Available online since mardi 14 fevrier 2017
Published: 2016

32. Anesthésie du patient en état de choc

Author: Diae Elmanser, Gilles Lebuffe, Amandine Aujas, and Etienne Bras de Fer
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 030202 anesthesiology, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine
Abstract: Points essentiels L’etat de choc est une insuffisance circulatoire aigue alterant de facon durable l’oxygenation et le metabolisme des tissus et des organes. L’anesthesie du patient choque peut entrainer une baisse importante de la pression arterielle, voire un collapsus cardiovasculaire et un arret cardiaque. L’induction a sequence rapide est la regle avec la ketamine et l’etomidate comme hypnotiques de premiere intention. L’etomidate, par ses effets inhibiteurs enzymatiques du cycle du cortisol, doit amener a une utilisation reflechie chez le patient en choc septique. Une strategie d’optimisation hemodynamique doit etre initiee dans les meilleurs delais. Elle repose sur des criteres de surveillance de profondeur d’anesthesie, macro- et microcirculatoires. L’acces veineux central et le catheter arteriel sont les deux dispositifs a installer dans les meilleurs delais sans pour autant retarder un geste chirurgical de sauvetage. La gestion hemodynamique est guidee sur la pression arterielle moyenne, le volume d’ejection ou des indices automatises de precharge-dependance et des criteres d’oxygenation tissulaire (lactatemie, ScvO2, Pv-aCO2). Les interventions therapeutiques reposent principalement sur le remplissage vasculaire, la transfusion et l’administration de noradrenaline. L’optimisation hemodynamique perioperatoire precoce contribue a reduire la morbi-mortalite des patients en instabilite hemodynamique.
Published: 2016

33. Revision of expert panel's guidelines on postoperative pain management

Author: Michel Olivier, Nada Sabourdin, Valeria Martinez, Karine Nouette-Gaulain, Anissa Belbachir, Frédéric Aubrun, Christophe Dadure, Gilles Lebuffe, Paul Zetlaoui, Hélène Beloeil, Michel Carles, Philippe Cuvillon, Dominique Fletcher, Emmanuel Marret, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de Réanimation Médicale [CHU Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Hôpital Pellegrin, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Service de réanimation médicale polyvalente [CHU Cochin], Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Institut hospitalier Franco-Britannique [Levallois-Perret], Centre d'investigation clinique de Toulouse (CIC 1436), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), CHU Lille, Université de Lille, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées (GRITA) - EA 7365, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice [CHU Nice], Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes] [CHU Nîmes], CHU Montpellier, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 [GRITA], Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], and Centre d'investigation clinique de Toulouse [CIC 1436]
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Postoperative pain, Vulnerability, Hemorrhage, Regional anaesthesia, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Dexamethasone, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, 030202 anesthesiology, Catheterization, Peripheral, medicine, Update of experts'' guidelines, Humans, Pain Management, Drug Interactions, Child, Intensive care medicine, Monitoring, Physiologic, Pain Measurement, Analgesics, Pain, Postoperative, business.industry, Update of experts’ guidelines, Drug Administration Routes, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Contraindications, Drug, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Lidocaine, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, Perioperative, 3. Good health, Analgesia, Epidural, Analgesics, Opioid, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Child, Preschool, Ketamine, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; The French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (SFAR) published experts' guidelines on the care of postoperative pain. This was an update of the 2008 guidelines. Fourteen experts analysed the literature (PubMed™, Cochrane™) on questions that had not been treated in the previous guidelines, or to modify the guidelines following new data in the published literature. The used method is invariably the GRADE© method, which guarantees a rigorous work. Seventeen recommendations were formalised on the assessment of perioperative pain, and most particularly in non-communicating patients, on opioid and non-opioid analgesics and on anti-hyperalgesic drugs, such as ketamine and gabapentinoids, as well as on local and regional anaesthesia. The concept of vulnerability and therefore the identification of the most fragile patients in terms of analgesics requirements were specified. Because of the absence of sufficient data or new information, no recommendation was made about analgesia monitoring, the procedures for the surveillance of patients in conventional care structures, or perinervous or epidural catheterism.
Published: 2019

34. Use of the smartphone app whatsapp as an e-learning method for medical residents: multicenter controlled randomized trial

Author: Julie Ramen, Vincent Compère, Benoit Veber, Jean-Luc Hanouz, Emmanuel Besnier, Gilles Lebuffe, Hervé Dupont, Thomas Clavier, Bertrand Dureuil, Service Anesthésie et soins intensifs [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service d'Anesthésie - Réanimation Chirurgicale [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Lille, Université de Lille, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées (GRITA) - EA 7365, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 [GRITA], Service de soins intensifs [CHU Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Service de réanimation médicale [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Mécanismes physiopathologiques et conséquences des calcifications vasculaires - UR UPJV 7517 (MP3CV), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Endothélium, valvulopathies et insuffisance cardiaque (EnVI), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and DESSAIVRE, Louise
Subjects: Male, 020205 medical informatics, E-learning (theory), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], WhatsApp, 02 engineering and technology, internship and residency, education, medical, graduate/methods, educational measurement, anesthesiology, trauma, hemorrhage, mobile applications, smartphone, teaching materials, mobile phone, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Surveys and Questionnaires, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Medicine, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, T58.5-58.64, Test (assessment), [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Female, Clinical Competence, France, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Adult, Educational measurement, medicine.medical_specialty, Concordance, Health Informatics, Information technology, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, Original Paper, business.industry, Clinical reasoning, Multicenter study, Education, Medical, Graduate, education, medical, graduate/methods, Family medicine, Smartphone app, business, Social Media
Abstract: BackgroundThe WhatsApp smartphone app is the most widely used instant messaging app in the world. Recent studies reported the use of WhatsApp for educational purposes, but there is no prospective study comparing WhatsApp’s pedagogical effectiveness to that of any other teaching modality. ObjectiveThe main objective of this study was to measure the impact of a learning program via WhatsApp on clinical reasoning in medical residents. MethodsThis prospective, randomized, multicenter study was conducted among first- and second-year anesthesiology residents (offline recruitment) from four university hospitals in France. Residents were randomized in two groups of online teaching (WhatsApp and control). The WhatsApp group benefited from daily delivery of teaching documents on the WhatsApp app and a weekly clinical case supervised by a senior physician. In the control group, residents had access to the same documents via a traditional computer electronic learning (e-learning) platform. Medical reasoning was self-assessed online by a script concordance test (SCT; primary parameter), and medical knowledge was assessed using multiple-choice questions (MCQs). The residents also completed an online satisfaction questionnaire. ResultsIn this study, 62 residents were randomized (32 to the WhatsApp group and 30 to the control group) and 22 residents in each group answered the online final evaluation. We found a difference between the WhatsApp and control groups for SCTs (60% [SD 9%] vs 68% [SD 11%]; P=.006) but no difference for MCQs (18/30 [SD 4] vs 16/30 [SD 4]; P=.22). Concerning satisfaction, there was a better global satisfaction rate in the WhatsApp group than in the control group (8/10 [interquartile range 8-9] vs 8/10 [interquartile range 8-8]; P=.049). ConclusionsCompared to traditional e-learning, the use of WhatsApp for teaching residents was associated with worse clinical reasoning despite better global appreciation. The use of WhatsApp probably contributes to the dispersion of attention linked to the use of the smartphone. The impact of smartphones on clinical reasoning should be studied further.
Published: 2019

35. Effect of pharmacological preconditioning with sevoflurane during hepatectomy with intermittent portal triad clamping

Author: Maher Fleyfel, Léna M'Ba, Gilles Lebuffe, Hélène Behal, Emmanuel Boleslawski, Marie Geniez, Truong Minh Nguyen, Sabine Ethgen, CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Hôpital Claude Huriez [Lille], CHU Lille, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif et de la Nutrition [CHRU Lille], CHU Lille-CHU Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille
Subjects: Male, Portal triad, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030230 surgery, Sevoflurane, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Liver Function Tests, medicine, Hepatectomy, Humans, Ischemic Preconditioning, Propofol, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Prothrombin time, Hepatology, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Liver Diseases, Gastroenterology, Factor V, Middle Aged, Constriction, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Regimen, Portal System, medicine.anatomical_structure, Liver, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Anesthesia, Reperfusion Injury, Anesthetics, Inhalation, biology.protein, Female, Liver function, business, Anesthetics, Intravenous, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background During hepatectomy, intermittent portal triad clamping (IPC) reduces ischemia-reperfusion injuries. Pharmacological preconditioning with sevoflurane revealed similar properties. The aim of the study was to evaluate the combination of a sevoflurane preconditioning regimen with IPC on ischemia-reperfusion injuries. Methods Three regimens of anesthesia were applied: group SEV with continuous application of sevoflurane, group PRO with continuous propofol infusion and group PC where continuous propofol was substituted by sevoflurane (adjusted to reach MAC∗1.5) for 15 min before IPC. Endpoints were the values of AST and ALT, factor V, prothrombin time, bilirubinemia over the 5-postoperative days (POD), morbidity and mortality at POD30 and POD90. Results The ALT values at POD5 were lower in the PC group (n = 27) 74 (48 –98) IU/L compared to PRO (n = 26) and SEV (n = 67) respectively 110 (75 –152) and 100 (64 –168) IU/L (p = 0.038). The variation of factor V compared to preoperative values was less important in the PC and SEV groups respectively −14% and −16% vs −30% (PRO) (p = 0.047). Conclusion Our study suggests that sevoflurane attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injuries on liver function, compared to propofol, without benefit for a specific regimen of pharmacological preconditioning when IPC is applied.
Published: 2019

36. Use of smartphone application WhatsApp® as an e-learning method for residents teaching: a multicenter, controlled, randomized trial (Preprint)

Author: Thomas Clavier, Julie Ramen, Bertrand Dureuil, Benoit Veber, Jean-Luc Hanouz, Hervé Dupont, Gilles Lebuffe, Emmanuel Besnier, and Vincent Compère
Abstract: BACKGROUND The WhatsApp® (WA) smartphone application is the most widely used instant messaging application in the world. Recent studies report the use of WA for educational purposes but there is no prospective study comparing WA's pedagogical effectiveness to any other teaching modality. The goal of this study was to evaluate this cross-platform messaging as a pedagogic tool for the teaching of residents. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of WA on clinical reasoning. METHODS Prospective, randomized, multicenter study conducted among first and second year anesthesiology residents (online recruitment) from four university hospitals in France. Residents were randomized in two groups of online teaching (WA and control). The WA group benefited from daily delivery on the WA application of teaching documents and a weekly clinical case supervised by a senior physician. In the control group, residents had access to the same documents via a traditional computer e-learning platform. Medical reasoning was self-assessed online by script concordance test (SCT; primary parameter) and medical knowledge by multiple choice questions (MCQ). The residents completed an online satisfaction questionnaire. RESULTS In this study, 62 residents were randomized (32 in WA group, 30 in control group), 22 residents in each group answered the online final evaluation. We found a difference between WA and control groups for SCT (60 ± 9 % vs. 68 ± 11 %, respectively; P = .006) but no difference for MCQ (18 ± 4 /30 vs. 16 ± 4 /30, respectively; P = .22). Concerning satisfaction, there was a better global satisfaction rate in the WA group compared to control (9 ± 1 /10 vs. 8 ± 2 /10; P = .049). CONCLUSIONS In this study, the use of WA compared to traditional e-learning for resident teaching was associated with worse clinical reasoning despite better global appreciation. The use of WA probably contributes to the dispersion of attention linked to the use of the smartphone. The impact of smartphones on clinical reasoning should be further studied.
Published: 2018

37. Use of the Smartphone App WhatsApp as an E-Learning Method for Medical Residents: Multicenter Controlled Randomized Trial (Preprint)

Author: Thomas Clavier, Julie Ramen, Bertrand Dureuil, Benoit Veber, Jean-Luc Hanouz, Hervé Dupont, Gilles Lebuffe, Emmanuel Besnier, and Vincent Compere
Abstract: BACKGROUND The WhatsApp smartphone app is the most widely used instant messaging app in the world. Recent studies reported the use of WhatsApp for educational purposes, but there is no prospective study comparing WhatsApp’s pedagogical effectiveness to that of any other teaching modality. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study was to measure the impact of a learning program via WhatsApp on clinical reasoning in medical residents. METHODS This prospective, randomized, multicenter study was conducted among first- and second-year anesthesiology residents (offline recruitment) from four university hospitals in France. Residents were randomized in two groups of online teaching (WhatsApp and control). The WhatsApp group benefited from daily delivery of teaching documents on the WhatsApp app and a weekly clinical case supervised by a senior physician. In the control group, residents had access to the same documents via a traditional computer electronic learning (e-learning) platform. Medical reasoning was self-assessed online by a script concordance test (SCT; primary parameter), and medical knowledge was assessed using multiple-choice questions (MCQs). The residents also completed an online satisfaction questionnaire. RESULTS In this study, 62 residents were randomized (32 to the WhatsApp group and 30 to the control group) and 22 residents in each group answered the online final evaluation. We found a difference between the WhatsApp and control groups for SCTs (60% [SD 9%] vs 68% [SD 11%]; P=.006) but no difference for MCQs (18/30 [SD 4] vs 16/30 [SD 4]; P=.22). Concerning satisfaction, there was a better global satisfaction rate in the WhatsApp group than in the control group (8/10 [interquartile range 8-9] vs 8/10 [interquartile range 8-8]; P=.049). CONCLUSIONS Compared to traditional e-learning, the use of WhatsApp for teaching residents was associated with worse clinical reasoning despite better global appreciation. The use of WhatsApp probably contributes to the dispersion of attention linked to the use of the smartphone. The impact of smartphones on clinical reasoning should be studied further.
Published: 2018

38. Impact of Centralized Management of Bariatric Surgery Complications on 90-day Mortality

Author: Gregory Baud, Robert Caiazzo, Guillaume Clément, Eric Kipnis, Gilles Lebuffe, François Pattou, Fanelly Torres, Benoît Dervaux, Xavier Lenne, Guelareh Dezfoulian, CIC CHU ( Lille)/inserm, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Recherche translationnelle sur le diabète - U 1190 (RTD), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre hospitalier [Valenciennes, Nord], Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Recherche translationelle relations hôte-pathogènes, Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MEDLINE, Bariatric Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Centralized management, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Surgery, Multicenter study, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Centralized Hospital Services, Female, France, business
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The potential benefit of the centralization of Bariatric surgery (BS) remains debated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact on 90-day mortality of an innovative organization aiming at centralizing the care of severe postoperative complications of BS. STUDY DESIGN: The centralization of care for postoperative complication after BS was implemented by French Authorities in 2013 in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais Region, France. This unique formalized network (OSEAN), coordinated by 1 tertiary referral center, enrolled all regional institutions performing bariatric surgery. Data were extracted from the medico-administrative database providing information on all patients undergoing BS between 2009 and 2016 in OSEAN (n = 22,928) and in Rest of France (n = 288,942). The primary outcome was the evolution of 90-day mortality before and after the implementation of this policy. Rest of France was used as a control group to adjust the results to improvement with time of BS outcomes. RESULTS: The numbers of primary procedure and reoperations increased similarly before and after 2013 within OSEAN and in Rest of France. The 90-day mortality rate became significantly lower within OSEAN than in the rest of France after 2013 (0.03% vs 0.08%, P < 0.01). This difference was confirmed in multivariate analysis after adjustment to the procedure specific mortality (P < 0.04). The reduction of 90-day mortality was most visible for sleeve gastrectomy. CONCLUSION: The implementation of centralized care for early postoperative complications after BS in OSEAN was associated with reduced 90-day mortality. Our results indicate that this reduction was not due to a lower incidence of complications but to the improvement of their management.
Published: 2018

39. Predictive value of exhaled nitric oxide and aerobic capacity for sepsis complications after liver transplantation

Author: Sébastien Hulo, Pierre Trinh-Duc, Jean Louis Edmé, Emmanuel Boleslawski, Remi Neviere, Sébastien Dharancy, Aurélie Dehon, and Gilles Lebuffe
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Pulmonary Artery, 030230 surgery, Liver transplantation, Nitric Oxide, Sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, Oxygen Consumption, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Predictive Value of Tests, Forced Expiratory Volume, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Arterial Pressure, Prospective Studies, Aged, Mechanical ventilation, Transplantation, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Perioperative, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Liver Transplantation, respiratory tract diseases, Pneumonia, ROC Curve, Exhalation, Anesthesia, Multivariate Analysis, Exhaled nitric oxide, Cardiology, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, Liver Failure
Abstract: Our objective was to investigate the predictive value of fractional nitric oxide (NO) concentration in exhaled breath (FeNO) and aerobic capacity (peak VO2 ) for postoperative sepsis in liver transplantation candidates. Patients were identified and charts of all consecutive patients were prospectively reviewed. Bacterial sepsis represented the commonest postoperative complications (30%), which was attributed to peritonitis, pneumonia, and catheter-related infections. Preoperative FeNO and peak VO2 values were lower in patients with postoperative sepsis. Patients with sepsis required higher needs for mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay. Inverse correlation was found between logarithmically FeNO-transformed data and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (r = -0.348; P = 0.018). Multivariate analyses using bootstrap sampling method indicated that odds of sepsis were associated with lower values of peak exercise VO2 [OR = 0.790 (0.592; 0.925)] and reduced log(FeNo) [OR = 0.027 (0.001; 0.451)], but not with higher MELD scores [OR = 1.141 (0.970; 1.486)]. By evaluating the cutoff for the ROC curves in each bootstrap resampling, median and 95% confidence interval were calculated for peak VO2 : 17 [16.2; 22] ml/kg/min and FeNO: 17.2 [13.0; 33.9] ppb. We conclude that low peak exercise VO2 and reduced FeNO may help identify patients who are at risk to develop perioperative sepsis.
Published: 2016

40. Une hépatite aiguë grave au sévoflurane

Author: Anne Bignon, Gilles Lebuffe, Diae El Manser, and Benoit Capron
Subjects: Gynecology, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, business.industry, Medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, business, Acute hepatitis
Abstract: Resume L’hepatite cytolytique immunoallergique est une complication rare des agents halogenes. Une patiente de 37 ans, sans antecedents particuliers, beneficiait d’un curetage pour fausse couche spontanee sous anesthesie generale, realisee sous sevoflurane. A j2 postoperatoire apparaissaient des douleurs abdominales, un pic hyperthermique isole et un ictere. Une insuffisance hepatique (IH) grave etait diagnostiquee a j10. L’implication du sevoflurane a ete evoquee sur la negativite des autres causes d’IH et sur la biopsie hepatique retrouvant une hepatite aigue severe avec necrose en pont. Une transplantation hepatique (TH) a ete realisee face a l’aggravation clinique et biologique de cette hepatite et a l’echec de la corticotherapie. L’analyse de la piece d’hepatectomie confirmait la necrose hepatocytaire multilobulaire massive, compatible avec l’etiologie toxique. La patiente decedait 2 mois apres la TH dans un tableau de syndrome de defaillance multiviscerale sur un choc septique sans porte d’entree identifiee. Meme si l’hepatite cytolytique immunoallergique au sevoflurane est theoriquement peu probable, ce cas clinique et d’autres dans la litterature tendent a demontrer ce risque de toxicite dont la physiopathologie n’est pas elucidee.
Published: 2016

41. Chronic post-thyroidectomy pain: Incidence, typology, and risk factors

Author: Gilles Lebuffe, Grégoire Andrieu, Robert Caiazzo, Eric Kipnis, Jean-Michel Wattier, François Pattou, CIC CHU ( Lille)/inserm, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), and Recherche translationelle relations hôte-pathogènes
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Anxiety, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, 030202 anesthesiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Medicine, Anesthesia, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Cervical Plexus, Pain Measurement, Pain, Postoperative, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Cervical plexus, Thyroidectomy, Chronic pain, Nerve Block, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Neuropathic pain, Nerve block, Female, France, Chronic Pain, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Chronic postoperative pain exists in varying degrees for every type of surgery. An evaluation of the incidence, the typology and predictive factors of chronic pain was carried out at 3 and 6months after thyroidectomy. A prospective observational study, having included each of the patients prior to their thyroidectomy, was carried out over 12months. The patients used an 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS), a neuropathic pain screening questionnaire (DN4), an evaluation scale for anxiety and for the need for information related to anaesthesia and surgery (APAIS), a questionnaire describing pain (QDSA) and a questionnaire evaluating neuropathic pain (NPSI) before surgery and at three and six months later. Three hundred and four patients were included. The questionnaires were completed by 251 patients (57 males and 194 females) at 3 and 6months (82%). At 3months, 31 out of 251 (12%) patients mentioned a DN4≥3; at 6months, this rate dropped to 23 out of 251 (9%). The average intensity of chronic postoperative pain remained low to moderate. Levels of anxiety and the need for information were higher in patients with postoperative pain at 3 and 6months. In contrast, the number of intraoperative procedures using a bilateral superficial cervical plexus block (BSCPB) was lower in patients with DN4≥3. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the type of anaesthesia procedure interfered with the risk of delayed pain after thyroidectomy. The presence of a DN4≥3 was nearly three-fold greater in patients without BSCPB (OR 2.647, CI=1.198-5.848).
Published: 2016

42. Severe obesity increases death and dropout from liver waiting list: French liver transplant cohort

Author: Claire Delacôte, Mathilde Favre, Helene Montialoux, Eric Nguyen Khac, Alexandre Louvet, Emmanuel Boleslawski, Gilles Lebuffe, Valérie Canva, François-Rene Pruvot, Philippe Mathurin, Sebastien Dharancy, and Lassailly Guillaume
Subjects: Hepatology
Published: 2020

43. Effect of Hydroxyethyl Starch vs Saline for Volume Replacement Therapy on Death or Postoperative Complications Among High-Risk Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery

Author: Antoine Dewitte, Eric Noll, Vincent Piriou, Emmanuel Futier, Aymeric Restoux, Jean-Etienne Bazin, Karim Asehnoune, Alexandre Ouattara, Marion Faucher, Gilles Lebuffe, Matthias Garot, Camille Vaisse, Samir Jaber, younes El Amine, Catherine Paugam-Burtz, Marc Leone, Anna Cadic, Sigismond Lasocki, Hélène Beloeil, Philippe Cuvillon, Olivier Huet, Thomas Godet, Daniel Verzilli, Matthieu Biais, Bruno Pereira, Thomas Lescot, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'Anésthésie Réanimation [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Méthodologie de synthèse et molécules bioactives (MSMB), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), CHRU Brest - Département d'Anesthésie Réanimation (CHU - BREST - DAR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Fresenius Kabi, Paris, France, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pessac, France, Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Département Anesthésie et Réanimation, Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, Paris, France., Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections (EA 3826) (EA 3826), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Respiratoire, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Département Anesthésie et Réanimation, Marseille, France., Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), CHU Valenciennes, Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, Département Anesthésie et Réanimation, Valenciennes, France., Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UR), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hôpital Nord AP‐MM Marseille, France (AP‐MM Marseille), Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mitochondrie, stress oxydant et protection musculaire (MSP), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Service d'anesthésie-réanimation [Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud - HCL], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and MORNET, Dominique
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Hydroxyethyl starch, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Interquartile range, law, Intravascular volume status, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0101 mathematics, Saline, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, 010102 general mathematics, General Medicine, Intensive care unit, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Relative risk, Anesthesia, business, Abdominal surgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: Importance It is not known if use of colloid solutions containing hydroxyethyl starch (HES) to correct for intravascular deficits in high-risk surgical patients is either effective or safe. Objective To evaluate the effect of HES 130/0.4 compared with 0.9% saline for intravascular volume expansion on mortality and postoperative complications after major abdominal surgery. Design, Setting, and Participants Multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial of 775 adult patients at increased risk of postoperative kidney injury undergoing major abdominal surgery at 20 university hospitals in France from February 2016 to July 2018; final follow-up was in October 2018. Interventions Patients were randomized to receive fluid containing either 6% HES 130/0.4 diluted in 0.9% saline (n = 389) or 0.9% saline alone (n = 386) in 250-mL boluses using an individualized hemodynamic algorithm during surgery and for up to 24 hours on the first postoperative day, defined as ending at 7:59amthe following day. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was a composite of death or major postoperative complications at 14 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes included predefined postoperative complications within 14 days after surgery, durations of intensive care unit and hospital stays, and all-cause mortality at postoperative days 28 and 90. Results Among 826 patients enrolled (mean age, 68 [SD, 7] years; 91 women [12%]), 775 (94%) completed the trial. The primary outcome occurred in 139 of 389 patients (36%) in the HES group and 125 of 386 patients (32%) in the saline group (difference, 3.3% [95% CI, −3.3% to 10.0%]; relative risk, 1.10 [95% CI, 0.91-1.34];P = .33). Among 12 prespecified secondary outcomes reported, 11 showed no significant difference, but a statistically significant difference was found in median volume of study fluid administered on day 1: 1250 mL (interquartile range, 750-2000 mL) in the HES group and 1500 mL (interquartile range, 750-2150 mL) in the saline group (median difference, 250 mL [95% CI, 83-417 mL];P = .006). At 28 days after surgery, 4.1% and 2.3% of patients had died in the HES and saline groups, respectively (difference, 1.8% [95% CI, −0.7% to 4.3%]; relative risk, 1.76 [95% CI, 0.79-3.94];P = .17). Conclusions and Relevance Among patients at risk of postoperative kidney injury undergoing major abdominal surgery, use of HES for volume replacement therapy compared with 0.9% saline resulted in no significant difference in a composite outcome of death or major postoperative complications within 14 days after surgery. These findings do not support the use of HES for volume replacement therapy in such patients. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT02502773
Published: 2020

44. Determination of acetaminophen and its main metabolites in urine by capillary electrophoresis hyphenated to mass spectrometry

Author: Gilles Lebuffe, Catherine Foulon, Pascal Odou, Sabine Ethgen, Nadège Schifano, Marie Lecoeur, Guy Rabenirina, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), and Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, Urine, Capillary electrophoresis (CE), Mass spectrometry, digestive system, 01 natural sciences, High-performance liquid chromatography, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Capillary electrophoresis, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Metabolites, medicine, Humans, Sample preparation, Acetaminophen, Chromatography, Urinary samples, Chemistry, organic chemicals, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, 010401 analytical chemistry, Electrophoresis, Capillary, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, digestive system diseases, 0104 chemical sciences, Dilution, Mass spectrometry (MS), stomatognathic diseases, Electrospray ionization interface (ESI), Acetaminophen (APAP), 0210 nano-technology, Ammonium acetate, medicine.drug
Abstract: In this study, a capillary electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry method combining efficient separation and sensitive detection has been developed and validated, for the first time, to quantify acetaminophen and five of its metabolites in urine samples. Optimization of the method has led us to perform detection in positive ESI mode using MeOH-ammonium hydroxide (0.1%) (50:50, v/v) as sheath liquid. Moreover, optimal separation has been obtained in less than 9 min after anodic injection, using an ammonium acetate solution (40 mM, pH 10) as BGE. It was shown that the dilution solvent and the dilution factor to use for sample preparation are critical parameters to avoid peak splitting, to gain in sensitivity and then to obtain an effective analysis method. While a 200-fold factor dilution was shown to be suitable for quantitation of acetaminophen, acetaminophen mercapturate, acetaminophen sulfate and acetaminophen glucuronide, a 20-fold dilution was finally selected for methoxy-acetaminophen and 3-methylthioacetaminophen analysis, thus requiring two successive analyses to be carried out in order to quantify all metabolites. Hyphenation of CE with MS/MS versus UV permits to improve LOQ (10–20-fold factor with respect to previous works for acetaminophen, acetaminophen sulfate and acetaminophen glucuronide). Moreover, use of CE versus HPLC, permits to quantify two additional metabolites, i.e. 3-methylthio-acetaminophen and methoxy-acetaminophen. The method has been validated using the accuracy profile approach with a total error (accuracy) included in the ± 20% range. Thereby, the method allows the quantitation of acetaminophen and acetaminophen mercapturate in the range (0.1–1 mg mL-1), and of acetaminophen sulfate, methoxy-acetaminophen, acetaminophen glutathione and 3-methylthio-acetaminophen in the ranges (0.5–5 mg mL-1), (0.025–0.4 mg mL-1), (9.22–30 mg mL-1) and (0.073–0.4 mg mL-1), respectively. The method was finally applied to the analysis of urine samples of eighteen patients belonging to three different inclusion groups of the ongoing clinical trial, demonstrating that the method is suitable to highlight different metabolic profiles. This work will be subsequently extended to the analysis two hundred and seventy urine samples from patients included in a clinical trial dedicated to the study of acetaminophen metabolism changes after hepatic resection.
Published: 2019

45. Systematic thyroid screening in myotonic dystrophy: link between thyroid volume and insulin resistance

Author: Gilles Lebuffe, Pascal Pigny, Alexandre Moerman, Claire-Marie Dhaenens, Christine Do Cao, Sébastien Aubert, Marie-Christine Vantyghem, Miriam Ladsous, Vincent Tiffreau, Maeva Kyheng, Stéphanie Espiard, Camille Loyer, S. Boury, Robert Caiazzo, Adrien Ben Hamou, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U1172 Inserm - U837 (JPArc), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 (URePSSS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Recherche translationnelle sur le diabète - U 1190 (RTD), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Inserm, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Univ. Artois, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369, Recherche translationnelle sur le diabète (EGID) - U1190, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition (LilNCog) - U 1172, Recherche translationnelle sur le diabète (RTD) - U1190, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc) - U1172, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] [CHRU Lille], Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 [METRICS], Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 [URePSSS], Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 [GRITA], Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Goiter, endocrine system diseases, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Myotonic dystrophy, Thyroid Gland, lcsh:Medicine, 030105 genetics & heredity, Gene mutation, Gastroenterology, Ultrasound scan, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Genetics (clinical), 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Thyroid, General Medicine, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Thyroid Cancer, Papillary, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Thyroid carcinoma, 03 medical and health sciences, Thyroid goiter, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Thyroid Neoplasms, education, Thyroid nodule, business.industry, Research, lcsh:R, Thyroidectomy, medicine.disease, Papillary thyroid carcinoma, Insulin Resistance, business, Body mass index, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Myotonic dystrophy (DM1), a neuromuscular disease related to DMPK gene mutations, is associated to endocrine disorders and cancer. A routine endocrine work-up, including thyroid ultrasound (US), was conducted in 115 genetically-proven DM1 patients in a neuromuscular reference center. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the causes of US thyroid abnormalities in DM1. Results In the whole population (age 45.1 ± 12.2 years, 61.7% female), palpable nodules or goiters were present in 29.2%. The percentage of US goiter (thyroid volume > 18 mL) and US nodules were, respectively, 38.3 and 60.9%. Sixteen of the 115 patients had a thyroidectomy, after 22 fine-needle aspiration cytology guided by thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) classification. Six micro- (1/6 pT3) and 3 macro-papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTCs) (2/3 intermediate risk) were diagnosed (7.9% of 115). Thyroid US led to the diagnosis of 4 multifocal and 2 unifocal (including 1 macro-PTC) non-palpable PTCs. Ultrasound thyroid volume was positively correlated to body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.015) and parity (p = 0.036), and was inversely correlated to TSH (p
Published: 2018

46. Clinical implications of intravenous drug incompatibilities in critically ill patients

Author: Romain Gaudy, Christine Barthélémy, Malik Benlabed, Bertrand Décaudin, Gilles Lebuffe, Damien Lannoy, Maxime Perez, Stéphanie Genay, Pascal Odou, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, and Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 [GRITA]
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal intensive care unit, Critical Illness, MEDLINE, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, law.invention, Sepsis, Drug Incompatibility, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, Adverse effect, Critical care, Drug incompatibility, Filters, Infusion pumps, Intravenous, Parenteral nutrition, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Data extraction, Administration, Intravenous, Parenteral Nutrition, Total, business
Abstract: Objective The aim of this review is to analyse the clinical consequences of intravenous drug incompatibilities in critically ill patients, especially the incidence of organ dysfunctions and mortality. Methods A review of literature was conducted according to the PRISMA statement in June 2017, using Medline, ISI Web of Science and Clinicaltrials.gov. Data extraction Eligible studies were case reports and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of drug incompatibilities in critically ill patients on morbidity or mortality as primary or secondary outcomes, or adverse events. Two investigators independently reviewed the eligibility of the study from abstracts or manuscript data. Data synthesis Twelve articles met the selection criteria. The six articles reporting RCTs concern only four RCTs. RCTs were single-centre studies comparing infusion with or without filter. One of them included adult patients. The others included paediatric and neonatal intensive care unit patients. Primary endpoints were SIRS, organ failure, overall complication rate, bacteraemia, sepsis, phlebitis and length of stay. The results are mixed with one RCT reporting a reduction in SIRS, organ failure and overall complication rate, two studies in disagreement over the occurrence of sepsis and one study reporting no impact on length of hospital stay. The six articles on case reports show different drug incompatibility situations. They report pulmonary toxicity. Conclusion Little data is available on this topic. Infused particles may induce organ failure, in particular pulmonary toxicity and SIRS. Further studies are needed to establish a link between the level of exposure to drug incompatibilities and clinical implication.
Published: 2018

47. The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery

Author: T.E.F. Abbott, T. Ahmad, M.K. Phull, A.J. Fowler, R. Hewson, B.M. Biccard, M.S. Chew, M. Gillies, R.M. Pearse, Rupert M. Pearse, Scott Beattie, Pierre-Alain Clavien, Nicolas Demartines, Lee A. Fleisher, Mike Grocott, James Haddow, Andreas Hoeft, Peter Holt, Rui Moreno, Naomi Pritchard, Andrew Rhodes, Duminda Wijeysundera, Matt Wilson, Tahania Ahmed, Kirsty Everingham, Russell Hewson, Marta Januszewska, Mandeep-Kaur Phull, Richard Halliwell, Mark Shulman, Paul Myles, Werner Schmid, Michael Hiesmayr, Patrick Wouters, Stefan de Hert, Suzana Lobo, Xiangming Fang, Lars Rasmussen, Emmanuel Futier, Matthieu Biais, Aurélien Venara, Karem Slim, Michael Sander, Despoina Koulenti, Kostoula Arvaniti, Mathew Chan, Atul Kulkarni, Susilo Chandra, Aida Tantri, Emad Geddoa, Muntadhar Abbas, Giorgio Della Rocca, Datin Sivasakthi, Marzida Mansor, Pastor Luna, Arthur Bouwman, Wolfgang Buhre, Vanessa Beavis, Douglas Campbell, Tim Short, Tunde Osinaike, Ricardo Matos, Ioana Grigoras, Mikhail Kirov, Denis Protsenko, Bruce Biccard, Cesar Aldecoa, Michelle Chew, Christoph Hofer, Martin Hubner, James Ditai, Tamas Szakmany, Lee Fleisher, Marissa Ferguson, Michael MacMahon, Ritchie Cherian, Helen Currow, Kathirgamanathan Kanathiban, David Gillespie, Edward Pathmanathan, Katherine Phillips, Jenifer Reynolds, Joanne Rowley, Jeanene Douglas, Ross Kerridge, Sameer Garg, Michael Bennett, Megha Jain, David Alcock, Nico Terblanche, Rochelle Cotter, Kate Leslie, Marcelle Stewart, Nicolette Zingerle, Antony Clyde, Oliver Hambidge, Adam Rehak, Sharon Cotterell, Wilson Binh Quan Huynh, Timothy McCulloch, Erez Ben-Menachem, Thomas Egan, Jennifer Cope, Paul Fellinger, Markus Haisjackl, Simone Haselberger, Caroline Holaubek, Paul Lichtenegger, Florian Scherz, Franz Hoffer, Veronika Cakova, Andreas Eichwalder, Norbert Fischbach, Reinhold Klug, Elisabeth Schneider, Martin Vesely, Reinhart Wickenhauser, Karl Gernot Grubmueller, Marion Leitgeb, Friedrich Lang, Nancy Toro, Marlene Bauer, Friedrich Laengle, Claudia Haberl, Thomas Mayrhofer, Christoph Trybus, Christian Buerkle, Karin Forstner, Reinhard Germann, Harald Rinoesl, Elke Schindler, Ernst Trampitsch, Gerhard Bogner, Daniel Dankl, Martin Duenser, Gerhard Fritsch, Ilse Gradwohl-Matis, Andreas Hartmann, Thomas Hoelzenbein, Tarkan Jaeger, Franz Landauer, Gregor Lindl, Michael Lux, Johannes Steindl, Ottokar Stundner, Christian Szabo, Jawad Bidgoli, Hans Verdoodt, Patrice Forget, David Kahn, Fernande Lois, Mona Momeni, Caroline Prégardien, Audrey Pospiech, Arnaud Steyaert, Laurent Veevaete, Dirk De Kegel, Karen De Jongh, Luc Foubert, Carine Smitz, Marcel Vercauteren, Jan Poelaert, Veerle Van Mossevelde, Jacques Abeloos, Stefaan Bouchez, Marc Coppens, Luc De Baerdemaeker, Isabel Deblaere, Ann De Bruyne, Kristine Fonck, Bjorn Heyse, Tom Jacobs, Koen Lapage, Anneliese Moerman, Martine Neckebroek, Aliaksandra Parashchanka, Nathalie Roels, Nancy Van Den Eynde, Michael Vandenheuvel, JurgenVan Limmen, Ann Vanluchene, Caroline Vanpeteghem, Piet Wyffels, Christel Huygens, Punitha Vandenbempt, Marc Van de Velde, Dimitri Dylst, Bruno Janssen, Evelien Schreurs, Fábia Berganton Aleixo, Keulle Candido, Hugo Dias Batista, Mario Guimarães, Jaqueline Guizeline, João Hoffmann, Francisco Ricardo Marques Lobo, Vinícius Nascimento, Katia Nishiyama, Lucas Pazetto, Daniela Souza, Rodrigo Souza Rodrigues, Ana Maria Vilela dos Santos, Jaquelline Jardim, Luiz Marcelo Sá Malbouisson, Joao Silva, Paulo do Nascimento Junior, Thalissa Hermínia Baio, Gabriel Isaac Pereira de Castro, Henri Roger Watanabe Oliveira, Cristina Prata Amendola, Gutemberg Cardoso, Daniela Ortega, Ana Flavia Brotto, Mirella Cristine De Oliveira, Álvaro Réa-Neto, Fernando Dias, Maria Eduarda Travi, Luiza Zerman, Pedro Azambuja, Marcos Freitas Knibel, Antonio Martins, William Almeida, Calim Neder Neto, Maria Angela Tardelli, Eliana Caser, Marcio Machado, Crisitiano Aguzzoli, Sérgio Baldisserotto, Fernanda Beck Tabajara, Fernanda Bettega, La Hore Correa Rodrigues Júnior, Julia de Gasperi, Lais Faina, Marcos Farias Nolasco, Bruna Ferreira da Costa Fischer, Mariana Fosch de Campos Ferreira, Cristina Hartmann, Marta Kliemann, Gustavo Luis Hubert Ribeiro, Julia Merladete Fraga, Thiago Motta Netto, Laura Valduga Pozza, Paulo Rafael Wendling, Caroline Azevedo, Juliana Garcia, Marcel Lopes, Bernardo Maia, Paula Maselli, Ralph Melo, Weslley Mendes, Matheus Neves, Jacqueline Ney, Claudio Piras, Christopher Applewhaite, Adrienne Carr, Lorraine Chow, Kaylene Duttchen, Julena Foglia, Michael Greene, Ashley Hinther, Kendra Houston, Thomas Jared McCormick, Jennifer Mikhayel, Sam Montasser, Alex Ragan, Andrew Suen, Adrianna Woolsey, Hai Chuan Yu, Duane Funk, Stephen Kowalski, Regina Legaspi, Heather McDonald, Faisal Siddiqui, Jeremy Pridham, Bernadette Rowe, Sonia Sampson, Barton Thiessen, Geoff Zbitnew, Andre Bernard, Ronald George, Philip Jones, Rita Moor, Naveed Siddiqui, Alexandra Wolfer, Diem Tran, Denyse Winch, Gary Dobson, Thomas McCormick, Osama Montasser, Richard Hall, Leyla Baghirzada, Gerard Curley, Si Yuan Dai, Gregory Hare, Esther Lee, Uma Shastri, Albert Tsui, Anmol Yagnik, Danielle Alvares, Stephen Choi, Heather Dwyer, Kathrina Flores, Colin McCartney, Priya Somascanthan, Jo Carroll, Janneth Pazmino-Canizares, Noam Ami, Vincent Chan, Anahi Perlas, Ruth Argue, Yang Huang, Katie Lavis, Kelly Mayson, Ying Cao, Hong Gao, Tingju Hu, Jie Lv, Jian Yang, Yang Yang, Yi Zhong, Jing Zhou, Xiaohua Zou, Miao He, Xiaoying Li, Dihuan Luo, Haiying Wang, Tian Yu, Liyong Chen, Lijun Wang, Yunfei Cai, Zhongming Cao, Yanling Li, Jiaxin Lian, Haiyun Sun, Sheng Wang, Zhipeng Wang, Kenru Wang, Yi Zhu, Xindan Du, Hao Fan, Yunbin Fu, Lixia Huang, Yanming Huang, Haifang Hwan, Hong Luo, Pi-Sheng Qu, Fan Tao, Zhen Wang, Guoxiang Wang, Shun Wang, Yan Zhang, Xiaolin Zhang, Chao Chen, Weixing Wang, Zhengyuan Liu, Lihua Fan, Jing Tang, Yijun Chen, Yongjie Chen, Yangyang Han, Changshun Huang, Guojin Liang, Jing Shen, Jun Wang, Qiuhong Yang, Jungang Zhen, Haidong Zhou, Junping Chen, Zhang Chen, Xiaoyu Li, Bo Meng, Haiwang Ye, Xiaoyan Zhang, Yanbing Bi, Jianqiao Cao, Fengying Guo, Hong Lin, Yang Liu, Meng Lv, Pengcai Shi, Xiumei Song, Chuanyu Sun, Yongtao Sun, Yuelan Wang, Shenhui Wang, Min Zhang, Rong Chen, Jiabao Hou, Yan Leng, Qing-tao Meng, Li Qian, Zi-ying Shen, Zhong-yuan Xia, Rui Xue, Yuan Zhang, Bo Zhao, Xian-jin Zhou, Qiang Chen, Huinan Guo, Yongqing Guo, Yuehong Qi, Zhi Wang, Jianfeng Wei, Weiwei Zhang, Lina Zheng, Qi Bao, Yaqiu Chen, Yijiao Chen, Yue Fei, Nianqiang Hu, Xuming Hu, Min Lei, Xiaoqin Li, Xiaocui Lv, Fangfang Miao, Lingling Ouyang, Lu Qian, Conyu Shen, Yu Sun, Yuting Wang, Dong Wang, Chao Wu, Liyuan Xu, Jiaqi Yuan, Lina Zhang, Huan Zhang, Yapping Zhang, Jinning Zhao, Chong Zhao, Lei Zhao, Tianzhao Zheng, Dachun Zhou, Haiyan Zhou, Ce Zhou, Kaizhi Lu, Ting Zhao, Changlin He, Hong Chen, Shasha Chen, Baoli Cheng, Jie He, Lin Jin, Caixia Li, Hui Li, Yuanming Pan, Yugang Shi, Xiao Hong Wen, Shuijing Wu, Guohao Xie, Kai Zhang, Bing Zhao, Xianfu Lu, Feifei Chen, Qisheng Liang, Xuewu Lin, Yunzhi Ling, Gang Liu, Jing Tao, Lu Yang, Jialong Zhou, Fumei Chen, Zhonggui Cheng, Hanying Dai, Yunlin Feng, Benchao Hou, Haixia Gong, Chun hua Hu, Haijin Huang, Jian Huang, Zhangjie Jiang, Mengyuan Li, Jiamei Lin, Mei Liu, Weicheng Liu, Zhen Liu, Zhiyi Liu, Foquan Luo, Longxian Ma, Jia Min, Xiaoyun Shi, Zhiping Song, Xianwen Wan, Yingfen Xiong, Lin Xu, Shuangjia Yang, Qin Zhang, Hongyan Zhang, Huaigen Zhang, Xuekang Zhang, Lili Zhao, Weihong Zhao, Weilu Zhao, Xiaoping Zhu, Yun Bai, Linbi Chen, Sijia Chen, Qinxue Dai, Wujun Geng, Kunyuan Han, Xin He, Luping Huang, Binbin Ji, Danyun Jia, Shenhui Jin, Qianjun Li, Dongdong Liang, Shan Luo, Lulu Lwang, Yunchang Mo, Yuanyuan Pan, Xinyu Qi, Meizi Qian, Jinling Qin, Yelong Ren, Yiyi Shi, Junlu Wang, Junkai Wang, Leilei Wang, Junjie Xie, Yixiu Yan, Yurui Yao, Mingxiao Zhang, Jiashi Zhao, Xiuxiu Zhuang, Yanqiu Ai, Fang Du, Long He, Ledan Huang, Zhisong Li, Huijuan Li, Yetong Li, Liwei Li, Su Meng, Yazhuo Yuan, Enman Zhang, Jie Zhang, Shuna Zhao, Zhenrong Ji, Ling Pei, Li Wang, Chen Chen, Beibei Dong, Jing Li, Ziqiang Miao, Hongying Mu, Chao Qin, Lin Su, Zhiting Wen, Keliang Xie, Yonghao Yu, Fang Yuan, Xianwen Hu, Ye Zhang, Wangpin Xiao, Zhipeng Zhu, Qingqing Dai, Kaiwen Fu, Rong Hu, Xiaolan Hu, Song Huang, Yaqi Li, Yingping Liang, Shuchun Yu, Zheng Guo, Yan Jing, Na Tang, Jie Wu, Dajiang Yuan, Ruilin Zhang, Xiaoying Zhao, Yuhong Li, Hui-Ping Bai, Chun-Xiao Liu, Fei-Fei Liu, Wei Ren, Xiu-Li Wang, Guan-Jie Xu, Na Hu, Bo Li, Yangwen Ou, Yongzhong Tang, Shanglong Yao, Shihai Zhang, Cui-Cui Kong, Bei Liu, Tianlong Wang, Wei Xiao, Bo Lu, Yanfei Xia, Jiali Zhou, Fang Cai, Pushan Chen, Shuangfei Hu, Hongfa Wang, Qiong Xu, Liu Hu, Liang Jing, Bin Li, Qiang Liu, Yuejiang Liu, Xinjian Lu, Zhen Dan Peng, Xiaodong Qiu, Quan Ren, Youliang Tong, Jin Wang, Yazhou Wen, Qiong Wu, Jiangyan Xia, Jue Xie, Xiapei Xiong, Shixia Xu, Tianqin Yang, Hui Ye, Ning Yin, Jing Yuan, Qiuting Zeng, Baoling Zhang, Kang Zheng, Jing Cang, Shiyu Chen, Yu Fan, Shuying Fu, Xiaodong Ge, Baolei Guo, Wenhui Huang, Linghui Jiang, Xinmei Jiang, Yi Liu, Yan Pan, Yun Ren, Qi Shan, Jiaxing Wang, Fei Wang, Chi Wu, Xiaoguang Zhang, Ida Cecilie Christiansen, Simon Nørgaard Granum, Bodil Steen Rasmussen, Morten Daugaard, Rajiv Gambhir, Birgitte Brandsborg, Guðný Erla Steingrímsdóttir, Peter Jensen-Gadegaard, Karsten Skovgaard Olsen, Hanna Siegel, Katrine Zwicky Eskildsen, Mona Ring Gätke, Ida Wibrandt, Simon Bisgaard Heintzelmann, Kai Henrik Wiborg Lange, Rune Sarauw Lundsgaard, Louise Amstrup-Hansen, Claus Hovendal, Michael Larsen, Mette Lenstrup, Tina Kobborg, Jens Rolighed Larsen, Anette Barbre Pedersen, Søren Hübertz Smith, Rebecca Monett Oestervig, Arash Afshari, Cheme Andersen, Kim Ekelund, Erik Lilja Secher, Helene Beloeil, Sigismond Lasocki, Alexandre Ouattara, Marlene Sineus, Serge Molliex, Marie Lim Legouge, Florent Wallet, Antoine Tesniere, Christophe Gaudin, Paul Lehur, Emma Forsans, Stéphane de Rudnicki, Valerie Serra Maudet, Didier Mutter, Ghassan Sojod, Mehdi Ouaissi, Jean-Marc Regimbeau, Jacques Desbordes, Nicolas Comptaer, Diae el Manser, Sabine Ethgen, Gilles Lebuffe, Patrick Auer, Christine Härtl, Maria Deja, Kirill Legashov, Susanne Sonnemann, Carola Wiegand-Loehnert, Elke Falk, Marit Habicher, Stefan Angermair, Beatrix Laetsch, Katrin Schmidt, Christian Von Heymann, Axel Ramminger, Florian Jelschen, Svenja Pabel, Andreas Weyland, Elke Czeslick, Jochen Gille, Michael Malcharek, Armin Sablotzki, Katharina Lueke, Peter Wetzel, Joerg Weimann, Franz-Peter Lenhart, Florian Reichle, Frederike Schirmer, Michael Hüppe, Karl Klotz, Carla Nau, Julika Schön, Thomas Mencke, Christina Wasmund, Carla Bankewitz, Georg Baumgarten, Andreas Fleischer, Vera Guttenthaler, Yvonne Hack, Katharina Kirchgaessner, Olja Männer, Marlen Schurig-Urbaniak, Rafael Struck, Rebekka van Zyl, Maria Wittmann, Ulrich Goebel, Sarah Harris, Siegfried Veit, Evangelia Andreadaki, Flora Souri, Ioannis Katsiadramis, Anthi Skoufi, Maria Vasileiou, Eleni Aimoniotou- Georgiou, Anastasios Katsourakis, Fotini Veroniki, Glyceria Vlachogianni, Konstantina Petra, Dimitra Chlorou, 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Sanjay Shah, Praburaj Ar, Radhakrishnan Muthuchellappan, Vandana Agarwal, Jigeeshu Divatia, Sanghamitra Mishra, Ganesh Nimje, Swati Pande, Sukhada Savarkar, Aditi Shrivastava, Martin Thomas, Shashikant Yegnaram, Rahmat Hidayatullah, Nasman Puar, Sumara Niman, Imai Indra, Zulkarnain Hamzah, Annika Yuliana, Ucu Nurhadiat Abidin, Ade Nurkacan Dursin, Andri Kurnia, Ade Susanti, Dini Handayani, Mahaalit Aribawa Alit, Aryabiantara Arya, Tjokorda Gde Agung Senapathi, Utara Hartawan Utara, Widnyana Made Wid, Semarawima Wima, Wiryana Made Wir, Brillyan Jehosua, Jonathan Kaunang, Eka Yudha Lantang, Rini Najoan, Neil Waworuntu, Hadi Awad, Akram Fuad, Burair Geddoa, Abdel Razzaq Khalaf, Sabah Al hussaini, Safauldeensalem Albaj, Maithem Kenber, Alessandra Bettinelli, Savino Spadaro, Carlo AlbertoVolta, Luigi Giancarlo, Vicari Sottosanti, Elisa Copetti, Lorenzo Spagnesi, Ilaria Toretti, Chiara Alloj, Silvano Cardellino, Livio Carmino, Eleonora Costanzo, Lucia Caterina Fanfani, Maria Teresa Novelli, 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Nahum, Teresa Rotunno, Boris Schiltz, François Voruz, Marc Worreth, Dimitri Christoforidis, Sotirios Georgios Popeskou, Markus Furrer, Gian Andrea Prevost, Andrea Stocker, Klaus Lang, Stefan Breitenstein, Michael T. Ganter, Martin Geisen, Christopher Soll, Michelle Korkmaz, Iris Lubach, Michael Schmitz, Moritz Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Meyer zu Schwabedissen Moritz, Urs Zingg, Thomas Hillermann, Stefan Wildi, Bernardo Bollen Pinto, Bernhard Walder, Giustina Mariotti, Ksenija Slankamenac, Mirioce Namuyuga, Edward Kyomugisha, Olivia Kituuka, Anne Wesonga Shikanda, Nasser Kakembo, Charles Otim Tom, Webombesa Antonina, Emmanuel Bua, Eden Michael Ssettabi, Joseph Epodoi, Fiona Kabagenyi, Fred Kirya, Ged Dempsey, Colette Seasman, Raja Basit Nawaz Khan, Claire Kurasz, Mark Macgregor, Burhan Shawki, Daren Francis, Vimal Hariharan, Simon Chau, Kate Ellis, Georgina Butt, Dennis-Wayne Chicken, Natasha Christmas, Samantha Allen, Gayatri Daniel Daniel, Angie Dempster, Juliette Kemp, Lewis Matthews, Philip Mcglone, Joanne Tambellini, Dawn Trodd, Katie Freitas, Atul Garg, Janesh Kumar Gupta, Shilpaja Karpate, Aditi Kulkarni, Chloe O'Hara, Jtroko Troko, Kirsty Angus, Jacqueline Bradley, Emma Brennan, Carolyn Brooks, Janette Brown, Gemma Brown, Amanda Finch, Karen Gratrix, Sue Hesketh, Gillian Hill, Carol Jeffs, Maureen Morgan, Chris Pemberton, Nicola Slawson, Helen Spickett, Gemma Swarbrick, Megan Thomas, Greta Van Duyvenvoorde, Andrew Brennan, Richard Briscoe, Sarah Cooper, Tom Lawton, Martin Northey, Rashmi Senaratne, Helen Stanworth, Lorna Burrows, Helen Cain, Rachael Craven, Keith Davies, Attila Jonas, Marcin Pachucki, Graham Walkden, Helen Davies, Mariethel Gudaca, Maria Hobrok, Dilshan Arawwawala, Lauren Fergey, Matthew Gardiner, Jacqueline Gunn, Lyndsay Johnson, Amanda Lofting, Amanda Lyle, Fiona Mc Neela, Susan Smolen, Joanne Topliffe, Sarah Williams, Martin Bland, Packianathaswamy Balaji, Vikas Kaura, Prasad Lanka, Neil Smith, Ahmed Ahmed, John Myatt, Ravikiran Shenoy, Wai Cheong Soon, Jessica Tan, Sunny Karadia, James Self, Emma Durant, Shiva Tripathi, Clare Bullock, Debbie Campbell, Alison Ghosh, Thomas Hughes, Lajos Zsisku, Sheshagiri Bengeri, Amanda Cowton, Mohammed Shazad Khalid, James Limb, Colin McAdam, Mandy Porritt, M. Amir Rafi, Priya Shekar, David Adams, Catherine Harden, Heidi Hollands, Angela King, Linda March, Gary Minto, Abigail Patrick, Rosalyn Squire, Darren Waugh, Paramesh Kumara, Karen Simeson, Jamie Yarwood, Julie Browning, Jonathan Hatton, Howes Julian, Atideb Mitra, Maria Newton, Pawan Kootelu Pernu, Alison Wilson, Thelma Commey, Helen Foot, Lyn Glover, Ajay Gupta, Nicola Lancaster, Jill Levin, Felicity Mackenzie, Claire Mestanza, Emma Nofal, Lauren Pout, Rosanna Varden, Jonathan Wild, Stephanie Jones, Sarah Moreton, Mark Pulletz, Charlotte Davies, Matthew Martin, Sian Thomas, Karen Burns, Carol McArthur, Panna Patel, Gary Lau, Natalie Rich, Fiona Davis, Rachel Lyons, Beth Port, Rachel Prout, Christopher Smith, Yemi Adelaja, Victoria Bennett, Heena Bidd, Alexandra Dumitrescu, Jacqui Fox Murphy, Abigail Keen, Nhlanhla Mguni, Cheng Ong, George Adams, Piers Boshier, Richard Brown, Izabella Butryn, Jayanta Chatterjee, Alexander Freethy, Geoffrey Lockwood, Maria Tsakok, Sophia Tsiligiannis, William Peat, Lorraine Stephenson, Mike Bradburn, Sara Pick, Pedro Cunha, Olufemi Olagbaiye, Salim Tayeh, Balaji Packianathaswamy, Caroline Abernethy, Madhu Balasubramaniam, Rachael Bennett, David Bolton, Victoria Martinson, Charde Naylor, Stephanie Bell, Blaylock Heather, Vlad Kushakovsky, Liam Alcock, Hazel Alexander, Colette Anderson, Paul Baker, Morag Brookes, Louise Cawthorn, Emanuel Cirstea, Rachel Clarkson, Kerry Colling, Ian Coulter, Suparna Das, Kathryn Haigh, Alhafidz Hamdan, Keith Hugill, Lucksy Kottam, Emily Lisseter, Matthew Mawdsley, Julie McGivern, Krishnaveni Padala, Victoria Phelps, Vineshykaa Ramesh kumar, Kirsten Stewart, Kayley Towse, Julie Tregonning, Ali Vahedi, Alycon Walker, Duncan Baines, Anjali Bilolikar, Shiv Chande, Edward Copley, Nigel Dunk, Raghavendra Kulkarni, Pawan Kumar, Yavor Metodiev, Dumisani Ncomanzi, Bhavesh Raithatha, Parizade Raymode, Jan Szafranski, Linda Twohey, Philip Watt, Lucie Weatherall, J. 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Craw N, Craw S, Pitt-Kerby T, Rowland-Axe R, Spurdle K, McDonald A, Simon D, Sinha V, Smith T, Banner-Goodspeed V, Boone M, Campbell K, Lu F, Scannell J, Sobol J, Balajonda N, Clemmons K, Conde C, Elgasim M, Funk B, Hall R, Hopkins T, Olaleye O, Omer O, Pender M, Porto A, Stevens A, Waweru P, Yeh E, Bodansky D, Evans A, Kleopoulos S, Maril R, Mathney E, Sanchez A, Tinuoye E, Bateman B, Eng K, Jiang N, Ladha K, Needleman J, Chen LL, Lane R, Robinowitz D, Ghushe N, Irshad M, O'Connor J, Patel S, Takemoto S, Wallace A, Mazzeffi M, Rock P, Wallace K, Zhu X, Chua P, Mattera M, Sharar R, Thilen S, Treggiari M, Morgan A, Sofjan I, Subramaniam K, Avidan M, Maybrier H, Muench M, Wildes T., Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Queen Mary University of London [QMUL], Graduate School, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, 01 Internal and external specialisms, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, APH - Quality of Care, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, ACS - Microcirculation, Pearse, R M, International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISO), Group, Zangrillo, A, Landoni, G, Beretta, L., International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS) group, Pearse, R.M., Beattie, S., Clavien, P.A., Demartines, N., Fleisher, L.A., Grocott, M., Haddow, J., Hoeft, A., Holt, P., Moreno, R., Pritchard, N., Rhodes, A., Wijeysundera, D., Wilson, M., Ahmed, T., Everingham, K., Hewson, R., Januszewska, M., Phull, M.K., Halliwell, R., Shulman, M., Myles, P., Schmid, W., Hiesmayr, M., Wouters, P., de Hert, S., Lobo, S., Fang, X., Rasmussen, L., Futier, E., Biais, M., Venara, A., Slim, K., Sander, M., Koulenti, D., Arvaniti, K., Chan, M., Kulkarni, A., Chandra, S., Tantri, A., Geddoa, E., Abbas, M., Della Rocca, G., Sivasakthi, D., Mansor, M., Luna, P., Bouwman, A., Buhre, W., Beavis, V., Campbell, D., Short, T., Osinaike, T., Matos, R., Grigoras, I., Kirov, M., Protsenko, D., 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Stafylaraki, M., Gaitanakis, S., Karydakis, P., Paltoglou, J., Ponireas, P., Chaloulis, P., Provatidis, A., Sousana, A., Gardikou, V.V., Konstantivelli, M., Lataniotou, O., Lisari, E., Margaroni, M., Stamatiou, K., Nikolaidis, E., Pnevmatikos, I., Sertaridou, E., Andreou, A., Arkalaki, E., Athanasakis, E., Chaniotaki, F., Chatzimichali, C.A., Christofaki, M., Dermitzaki, D., Fiorentza, K., Frantzeskos, G., Geromarkaki, E., Kafkalaki, K., Kalogridaki, M., Karydi, K., Kokkini, S., Kougentakis, G., Lefaki, T., Lilitsis, E., Makatounaki, A., Malliotakis, P., Michelakis, D., Neonaki, M., Nyktari, V., Palikyra, I., Papadakis, E., Papaioannou, A., Sfakianakis, K., Sgouraki, M., Souvatzis, X., Spartinou, A., Stefanidou, N., Syrogianni, P., Tsagkaraki, G., Arnaoutoglou, E., Arnaoutoglou, C., Bali, C., Bouris, V., Doumos, R., Gkini, K.P., Kapaktsi, C., Koulouras, V., Lena, A., Lepida, D., Michos, E., Papadopoulos, D., Paschopoulos, M., Rompou, V.A., Siouti, I., Tsampalas, S., Ververidou, O., 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I., Alloj, C., Cardellino, S., Carmino, L., Costanzo, E., Fanfani, L.C., Novelli, M.T., Roasio, A., Bellandi, M., Bignami, E., Bocchino, S., Cabrini, L., Corti, D., Landoni, G., Meroni, R., Moizo, E., Monti, G., Pintaudi, M., Plumari, V.P., Taddeo, D., Testa, V., Winterton, D., Zangrillo, A., Cloro, L.M., Colangelo, C., Colangelo, A., Rotunno, G., Paludi, M.A., Maria, C.P., Pata, A., Parrini, V., Gatta, A., Nastasi, M., Tinti, C., Baroselli, A., Arrigo, M., Benevento, A., Bottini, C., Cannavo', M., Gastaldi, C., Marchesi, A., Pascazio, A., Pata, F., Pozzi, E., Premoli, A., Tessera, G., Boschi, L., D'Andrea, R., Ghignone, F., Poggioli, G., Sibilio, A., Taffurelli, M., Ugolini, G., Ab Majid, M.A., Ab Rahman, R., Joseph, J., Pathan, F., Sybil Shah, M.H., Yap, H.L., Cheah, S., Chin, I.I., Looi, J.K., Tan, S.C., Visvalingam, S., Kwok, F.Y., Lee, C.K., Tan, T.S., Wong, S.M., Abdullah, N.H., Liew, C.F., Luxuman, L., Mohd Zin, N.H., Norddin, M.F., Raja Alias, R.L., Wong, J.Y., Yong, J., Bin 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Vohra, R., Whitehouse, A., Wong, T., Blunt, M., Wong, K., Giles, J., Reed, I., Weller, D., Bell, G., Birch, J., Damant, R., Maiden, J., Mewies, C., Prince, C., Radford, J., Reynolds, T., Balain, B., Banerjee, R., Barnett, A., Burston, B., Edwards, J., Evans, C., Ford, D., Gallacher, P., Hill, S., Jaffray, D., Karlakki, S., Kennedy, J., Kiely, N., Lewthwaite, S., Marquis, C., Ockendon, M., Phillips, S., Pickard, S., Richardson, J., Roach, R., Smith, T., Spencer-Jones, R., Steele, N., Steen, J., Van Liefland, M., White, S., Faulds, M., Harris, M., Nicol, S., Pearson, S.A., Chukkambotla, S., Andrew, A., Attrill, E., Campbell, G., Datson, A., Fouracres, A., Graterol, J., Graves, L., Hong, B., Ishimaru, A., Karthikeyan, A., King, H., Lawson, T., Lee, G., Lyons, S., Hall, A.M., Mathoulin, S., Mcintyre, E., Mclaughlin, D., Mulcahy, K., Paddle, J., Robbins, J., Sung, W., Tayo, A., Trembath, L., Venugopal, S., Wigmore, G., Boereboom, C., Downes, C., Humphries, R., Melbourne, S., Tou, S., Ullah, S., Batchelor, N., Boxall, L., Broomby, R., Deen, T., Hellewell, A., Helliwell, L., Hutchings, M., Hutchins, D., Keenan, S., Mackie, D., Potter, A., Smith, F., Stone, L., Thorpe, K., Wassall, R., Woodgate, A., Baillie, S., Campbell, T., James, S., King, C., Marques de Araujo, D., Martin, D., Morkane, C., Neely, J., Rajendram, R., Burton, M., James, K., Keevil, E., Minik, O., Morgan, J., Musgrave, A., Rajanna, H., Roberts, T., Adamson, M., Jumbe, S., Kendall, J., Muthuswamy, M.B., Cruikshanks, A., Wrench, I., Zeidan, L., Ardern, D., Harris, B., Hellstrom, J., Martin, J., Thomas, R., Varsani, N., Brown, C.W., Docherty, P., Gillies, M., McGregor, E., Usher, H., Craig, J., Ahmad, T., Bodger, P., Creary, T., Fowler, A., Ijuo, E., Jones, T., Kantsedikas, I., Lahiri, S., McLean, A.L., Niebrzegowska, E., Phull, M., Wickboldt, N., Baldwin, J., Doyle, D., Mcmullan, S., Oladapo, M., Owen, T., Williams, A., Gregory, P., Husain, T., Kirk-Bayley, J., Mathers, E., Montague, L., Harper, M., Jack, J., Ridley, C., Avis, J., Cook, T., Dali-Kemmery, L., Kerslake, I., Lambourne, V., Pearson, A., Boyd, C., Callaghan, M., Lawson, C., McCrossan, R., Nesbitt, V., O'connor, L., Sinclair, R., Farid, N., Morgese, C., Bhatia, K., Karmarkar, S., Ahmed, J., Branagan, G., Hutton, M., Swain, A., Brookes, J., Cornell, J., Dolan, R., Hulme, J., Jansen van Vuuren, A., Jowitt, T., Kalashetty, G., Lloyd, F., Patel, K., Sherwood, N., Brown, L., Chandler, B., Deighton, K., Emma, T., Haunch, K., Cheeseman, M., Dent, K., Gray, C., Hood, M., Jones, D., Juj, J., Rao, R., Walker, T., Al Anizi, M., Cheah, C., Cheing, Y., Coutinho, F., Gondo, P., Hadebe, B., Hove, M.O., Khader, A., Krishnachetty, B., Rhodes, K., Sokhi, J., Baker, K.A., Bertram, W., Looseley, A., Mouton, R., Hanna, G., Arnold, G., Arya, S., Balfoussia, D., Baxter, L., Harris, J., Jones, C., Knaggs, A., Markar, S., Perera, A., Scott, A., Shida, A., Sirha, R., Wright, S., Frost, V., Andrews, E., Arrandale, L., Barrett, S., Cifra, E., Cooper, M., Dragnea, D., Elna, C., Maclean, J., Meier, S., Milliken, D., Munns, C., Ratanshi, N., Ramessur, S., Salvana, A., Watson, A., Ali, H., Critchley, R., Endersby, S., Hicks, C., Liddle, A., Pass, M., Ritchie, C., Thomas, C., Too, L., Welsh, S., Gill, T., Johnson, J., Reed, J., Davis, E., Papadopoullos, S., Attwood, C., Biffen, A., Boulton, K., Gray, S., Hay, D., Mills, S., Montgomery, J., Riddell, R., Simpson, J., Bhardwaj, N., Paul, E., Uwubamwen, N., Alexander, M., Arrich, J., Arumugam, S., Blackwood, D., Boggiano, V., Chan, Y.L., Chatterjee, D., Chhabra, A., Christian, R., Costelloe, H., Matthewman, M.C., Dalton, E., Darko, J., Davari, M., Dave, T., Deacon, M., Deepak, S., Edmond, H., Ellis, J., El-Sayed, A., Eneje, P., English, R., Ewe, R., Foers, W., Franklin, J., Gallego, L., Garrett, E., Goldberg, O., Goss, H., Greaves, R., Harris, R., Hennings, C., Jones, E., Kamali, N., Kokkinos, N., Lewis, C., Lignos, L., Malgapo, E.V., Malik, R., Milne, A., Mulligan, J.P., Nicklin, P., Palipane, N., Parsons, T., Piper, R., Prakash, R., Ramesh, B., Rasip, S., Reading, J., Rela, M., Reyes, A., Stephens, R., Rooms, M., Shah, K., Simons, H., Solanki, S., Spowart, E., Stevens, A., Waggett, H., Yassaee, A., Kennedy, A., Scott, S., Somanath, S., Berg, A., Hernandez, M., Nanda, R., Tank, G., Wilson, N., Wilson, D., Al-Soudaine, Y., Baldwin, M., Cornish, J., Davies, Z., Davies, L., Edwards, M., Frewer, N., Gallard, S., Glasbey, J., Harries, R., Hopkins, L., Kim, T., Koompirochana, V., Lawson, S., Lewis, M., Makzal, Z., Scourfield, S., Ahmad, Y., Bates, S., Blackwell, C., Bryant, H., Collins, H., Coulter, S., Cruickshank, R., Daniel, S., Daubeny, T., Golder, K., Hawkins, L., Helen, B., Hinxman, H., Levett, D., Salmon, K., Seaward, L., Skinner, B., Tyrell, B., Wadams, B., Walsgrove, J., Dickson, J., Constantin, K., Karen, M., O'Brien, P., O'Donohoe, L., Payne, H., Sundayi, S., Walker, E., Brooke, J., Cardy, J., Humphreys, S., Kessack, L., Kubitzek, C., Kumar, S., Cotterill, D., Hodzovic, E., Hosdurga, G., Miles, E., Saunders, G., Campbell, M., Chan, P., Jemmett, K., Raj, A., Naik, A., Oshowo, A., Ramamoorthy, R., Shah, N., Sylvan, A., Blyth, K., Burtenshaw, A., Freeman, D., Johnson, E., Lo, P., Martin, T., Plunkett, E., Wollaston, J., Allison, J., Carroll, C., Craw, N., Craw, S., Pitt-Kerby, T., Rowland-Axe, R., Spurdle, K., McDonald, A., Simon, D., Sinha, V., Banner-Goodspeed, V., Boone, M., Campbell, K., Lu, F., Scannell, J., Sobol, J., Balajonda, N., Clemmons, K., Conde, C., Elgasim, M., Funk, B., Hopkins, T., Olaleye, O., Omer, O., Pender, M., Porto, A., Waweru, P., Yeh, E., Bodansky, D., Evans, A., Kleopoulos, S., Maril, R., Mathney, E., Sanchez, A., Tinuoye, E., Bateman, B., Eng, K., Jiang, N., Ladha, K., Needleman, J., Chen, L.L., Lane, R., Robinowitz, D., Ghushe, N., Irshad, M., O'Connor, J., Patel, S., Takemoto, S., Wallace, A., Mazzeffi, M., Rock, P., Wallace, K., Chua, P., Mattera, M., Sharar, R., Thilen, S., Treggiari, M., Morgan, A., Sofjan, I., Subramaniam, K., Avidan, M., Maybrier, H., Muench, M., and Wildes, T.
Subjects: Male, Postoperative Complications/epidemiology, Hospital mortality, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], surgery, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, cohort studies, 030202 anesthesiology, patient safety, 030212 general & internal medicine, Postoperative Period, Medicine(all), Middle Aged, Checklist, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, operative/mortality, Elective Surgical Procedures, Surgical Procedures, Operative, Meta-analysis, Cohort, Cohort studies, Female, Elective Surgical Procedure, postoperative care/methods, postoperative care/statistics and numerical data, surgical procedures, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cohort study, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Evidence-based medicine, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, Patient safety, medicine, postoperative care/method, Humans, Elective Surgical Procedures/standards, Aged, Cohort Studies, Evidence-Based Medicine, Hospital Mortality, Patient Safety, Postoperative Complications/mortality, Postoperative Complications/prevention & control, Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods, business.industry, Odds ratio, Surgery, Observational study, business, cohort studie
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The surgical safety checklist is widely used to improve the quality of perioperative care. However, clinicians continue to debate the clinical effectiveness of this tool.METHODS: Prospective analysis of data from the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), an international observational study of elective in-patient surgery, accompanied by a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. The exposure was surgical safety checklist use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was postoperative complications. In the ISOS cohort, a multivariable multi-level generalized linear model was used to test associations. To further contextualise these findings, we included the results from the ISOS cohort in a meta-analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals.RESULTS: We included 44 814 patients from 497 hospitals in 27 countries in the ISOS analysis. There were 40 245 (89.8%) patients exposed to the checklist, whilst 7508 (16.8%) sustained ≥1 postoperative complications and 207 (0.5%) died before hospital discharge. Checklist exposure was associated with reduced mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.49 (0.32-0.77); PCONCLUSIONS: Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine.
Published: 2018

48. In vitro analysis of overall particulate contamination exposure during multidrug IV therapy: Impact of infusion sets

Author: Gilles Lebuffe, Pascal Odou, Maxime Perez, Christine Barthélémy, Wadih Abou Chahla, Brigitte Nelken, and Bertrand Décaudin
Subjects: Drug, business.industry, Lymphoblastic Leukemia, media_common.quotation_subject, Hematology, Pharmacology, medicine.disease, In vitro analysis, Leukemia, Drug concentration, Oncology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Vancomycin, business, Particulate contamination, medicine.drug, media_common, Piperacillin
Abstract: Background Drug incompatibilities, recognizable through precipitate, may have clinical consequences for patients, especially during multidrug IV therapies, where vancomycin and piperacillin are present. Drug concentration and infusion set influence the overall particulate contamination of pediatric infusion protocols. The use of multi-lumen infusion sets could prevent such incompatibilities. Our goal was to define and assess a new way to infuse these drugs during leukemia treatment in children. Procedures This in vitro study focused on a pediatric multidrug protocol for patients diagnosed with lymphoblastic leukemia and receiving allogeneic transplantation. Different vancomycin concentrations were tested to infuse incompatible drugs simultaneously without any particle formation (optimized multidrug protocol). A dynamic particle count test was used over 24 hr to evaluate the overall particulate contamination of our standard and optimized multidrug protocols, using both a standard and a multi-lumen infusion set. Results No visible particles were detected on a decreased vancomycin concentration compared to the standard dose. For the optimized multidrug protocol, the use of a multi-lumen infusion set reduced overall particulate contamination by 68%, compared to the standard infusion set (P = 0.002). Large-sized particles were significantly reduced when using the multi-lumen infusion set approximately 60% (P = 0.027) and 90% (P = 0.009) for particle sizes ≥10 μm and 25 μm, respectively. Conclusions This study demonstrates that a large number of particles can be administered during parenteral multidrug infusion. The choice of drug concentration and/or the type of infusion set may reduce this. Further studies are required to evaluate adverse clinical effects. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1042–1047. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Published: 2015

49. Dynamic Image Analysis To Evaluate Subvisible Particles During Continuous Drug Infusion In a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Author: Maxime Perez, Bertrand Décaudin, Aurélie Maiguy-Foinard, Christine Barthélémy, Gilles Lebuffe, Laurent Storme, Pascal Odou, Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Environnement périnatal et croissance - EA 4489 (EPS), Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol [ICPAL], Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 [GRITA], and Environnement périnatal et croissance - EA 4489 [EPS]
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:R, Infant, Newborn, lcsh:Medicine, Infant, Article, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Humans, lcsh:Q, Particulate Matter, Drug Monitoring, lcsh:Science, Drug Contamination, Infusions, Intravenous
Abstract: International audience; Studies have shown that infused particles lead to numerous complications such as inflammation or organ dysfunctions in critically ill children. Nevertheless, there is very little data available to evaluate the amount of particulate matter potentially administered to patients, and none with regard to infants. We have investigated the quantity received by these patients during multidrug IV therapies. Two different protocols commonly used in our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to manage excessively preterm infants were reproduced in the laboratory and directly connected to a dynamic particle analyser. The particulate matter of infused therapies was measured over 24 h, so that both overall particulate contamination and particle sizes could be determined. No visible particles were observed during drug infusions. Particulate analyses showed a significant number of particles that can reach 85,000 per day, with peaks during discontinuous drug infusions. Moreover, we showed that very large particles of about 60 µm were infused to infants. This study showed that despite very low infusion flow rates, infants may receive a large number of particles during drug infusion, especially in NICUs. Particulate contamination of IV fluids is not without consequences for fragile infants. Preventive solutions could be effective, such as the use of in-line filters.
Published: 2017

50. Liver transplantation in the most severely ill cirrhotic patients: A multicenter study in acute-on-chronic liver failure grade 3

Author: Sébastien Dharancy, Astrid Herrerro, Gilles Lebuffe, Eleonora De Martin, Philippe Mathurin, Julien Labreuche, Philippe Ichai, Samir Jaber, Teresa Antonini, Isaac Ruiz, Eric Levesque, Didier Samuel, Alain Duhamel, Georges-Philippe Pageaux, Emmanuel Boleslawski, Alexandre Louvet, Faouzi Saliba, Eric Kipnis, Florent Artru, Guillaume Lassailly, José Ursic-Bedoya, Audrey Coilly, Eric Vibert, and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)
Subjects: Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, Time Factors, Critical Care, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Liver transplantation, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Intensive care, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Intensive care unit, Referral and Consultation, Survival analysis, Retrospective Studies, Hepatology, business.industry, Organ dysfunction, Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Survival Analysis, Surgery, Liver Transplantation, Multi-organ dysfunction, Transplantation, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Case-Control Studies, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, France, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND & AIMS: Liver transplantation (LT) for the most severely ill patients with cirrhosis, with multiple organ dysfunction (accurately assessed by the acute-on-chronic liver failure [ACLF] classification) remains controversial. We aimed to report the results of LT in patients with ACLF grade 3 and to compare these patients to non-transplanted patients with cirrhosis and multiple organ dysfunction as well as to patients transplanted with lower ACLF grade. METHODS: All patients with ACLF-3 transplanted in three liver intensive care units (ICUs) were retrospectively included. Each patient with ACLF-3 was matched to a) non-transplanted patients hospitalized in the ICU with multiple organ dysfunction, or b) control patients transplanted with each of the lower ACLF grades (three groups). RESULTS: Seventy-three patients were included. These severely ill patients were transplanted following management to stabilize their condition with a median of nine days after admission (progression of mean organ failure from 4.03 to 3.67, p=0.009). One-year survival of transplanted patients with ACLF-3 was higher than that of non-transplanted controls: 83.9 vs. 7.9%, p\textless0.0001. This high survival rate was not different from that of matched control patients with no ACLF (90%), ACLF-1 (82.3%) or ACLF-2 (86.2%). However, a higher rate of complications was observed (100 vs. 51.2 vs. 76.5 vs. 74.3%, respectively), with a longer hospital stay. The notion of a "transplantation window" is discussed. CONCLUSIONS: LT strongly influences the survival of patients with cirrhosis and ACLF-3 with a 1-year survival similar to that of patients with a lower grade of ACLF. A rapid decision-making process is needed because of the short "transplantation window" suggesting that patients with ACLF-3 should be rapidly referred to a specific liver ICU. Lay summary: Liver transplantation improves survival of patients with very severe cirrhosis. These patients must be carefully monitored and managed in a specialized unit. The decision to transplant a patient must be quick to avoid a high risk of mortality.
Published: 2016

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