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2. Computer vision for understanding catalyst degradation kinetics

Author

Yan, Chunhui, Cowie, Megan, Howcutt, Calum, Wheelhouse, Katherine, Hodnett, Neil, Kollie, Martin, Gildea, Martin, Goodfellow, Martin H., and Reid, Marc

Subjects
QA75, QD
Abstract

We report a computer vision strategy for the extraction and colorimetric analysis of catalyst degradation and product formation kinetics from video footage. The degradation of palladium(II) pre-catalyst systems to form 'Pd black' is investigated as a widely relevant case study for catalysis and materials chemistries. Beyond the study of catalysts in isolation, investigation of Pd-catalyzed Miyaura borylation reactions revealed informative correlations between colour parameters (most notably ΔE, a colour-agnostic measure of contrast change) and the concentration of product measured by off-line analysis (NMR and LC-MS). The breakdown of such correlations helped inform conditions under which reaction vessels were compromised by air ingress. These findings present opportunities to expand the toolbox of non-invasive analytical techniques, operationally cheaper and simpler to implement than common spectroscopic methods. The approach introduces the capability of analyzing the macroscopic 'bulk' for the study of reaction kinetics in complex mixtures, in complement to the more common study of microscopic and molecular specifics.

Published
2022

4. Constitutive Soil Properties for Cuddeback Lake, California and Carson Sink, Nevada

Author

Thomas, Michael A, Chitty, Daniel E, Gildea, Martin L, and T'Kindt, Casey M

Subjects
Structural Mechanics
Abstract

Accurate soil models are required for numerical simulations of land landings for the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle. This report provides constitutive material modeling properties for four soil models from two dry lakebeds in the western United States. The four soil models are based on mechanical and compressive behavior observed during geotechnical laboratory testing of remolded soil samples from the lakebeds. The test specimens were reconstituted to measured in situ density and moisture content. Tests included: triaxial compression, hydrostatic compression, and uniaxial strain. A fit to the triaxial test results defines the strength envelope. Hydrostatic and uniaxial tests define the compressibility. The constitutive properties are presented in the format of LS-DYNA Material Model 5: Soil and Foam. However, the laboratory test data provided can be used to construct other material models. The four soil models are intended to be specific only to the two lakebeds discussed in the report. The Cuddeback A and B models represent the softest and hardest soils at Cuddeback Lake. The Carson Sink Wet and Dry models represent different seasonal conditions. It is possible to approximate other clay soils with these models, but the results would be unverified without geotechnical tests to confirm similar soil behavior.

Published
2008

5. Constitutive Soil Properties for Unwashed Sand and Kennedy Space Center

Author

Thomas, Michael A, Chitty, Daniel E, Gildea, Martin L, and T'Kindt, Casey M

Subjects
Structural Mechanics
Abstract

Accurate soil models are required for numerical simulations of land landings for the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle. This report provides constitutive material models for one soil, unwashed sand, from NASA Langley's gantry drop test facility and three soils from Kennedy Space Center (KSC). The four soil models are based on mechanical and compressive behavior observed during geotechnical laboratory testing of remolded soil samples. The test specimens were reconstituted to measured in situ density and moisture content. Tests included: triaxial compression, hydrostatic compression, and uniaxial strain. A fit to the triaxial test results defines the strength envelope. Hydrostatic and uniaxial tests define the compressibility. The constitutive properties are presented in the format of LS-DYNA Material Model 5: Soil and Foam. However, the laboratory test data provided can be used to construct other material models. The four soil models are intended to be specific to the soil conditions discussed in the report. The unwashed sand model represents clayey sand at high density. The KSC models represent three distinct coastal sand conditions: low density dry sand, high density in-situ moisture sand, and high density flooded sand. It is possible to approximate other sands with these models, but the results would be unverified without geotechnical tests to confirm similar soil behavior.

Published
2008

8. The Ketogenic Diet: A Summary.

Author

Gildea, Martin

Abstract

For more than 200 0 years, fasting diets including avoidance and or excess of all types of foods were used for many ailments such as epilepsy. In fact, this diet was the therapy recorded in Hippocrates treatment regimen for epilepsy in the fifth century BC; five hundred years later it is also mentioned in the biblical narrative in which Jesus cures an epileptic boy. Since fasting or simple starvation was too difficult for many patients to comply with, the ketogenic diet developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017

9. GMOs: Safe or Dangerous?

Author

Gildea, Martin S.

Abstract

Genetically Modified Organisms defined as "organisms in which the genetic material (D N A ) has been altered in such a way that does not occur naturally." (GMOs) originated in the 1980s when technological advances made it possible to splice small sections of D N A from one organism to another; an antibiotic resistant tobacco plant was the first successful case. In the 1990's this plant gene splicing was popular with soybeans in an attempt to make them herbicide resistant. By the year 2000 this procedure expanded with the addition of placing vitamins and minerals into the plant thus nutritionally "enriching" it.1 For example, a man made combination of genes, including a gene to produce the pesticide Cry1 AB protein (commonly known as Bt toxin and originally found in the Bacillus thuringiensis organism), is randomly inserted into the D N A of corn.2 Critics argue over how scientific this process really is. The scientists using this process believe that it is a precise and exact science; I will leave it up to the reader to decide after I describe how the above insect protected corn plant is engineered. First, some D N A from a bacterial species in the soil, the Bt, is spliced into a viral species, known as the promotor which keeps its insecticide property of the gene turned on 2 4 /7 - hoping it will take on the desired effect of total insect resistance. Next, a gun shoots toxins on a plate containing millions of plant cells in hopes of getting these G M O genes into many of them. These are then cloned and used to grow plants that often results in some damage to the DNA, creating even higher levels of the toxin Bt.3 These scientists assume there are no deleterious consequences to this process that they cannot control and intend to obtain a patent for this engineered plant. Moreover, there is also the assumption that this process can be always be controlled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

10. Loch an Toirc

Author

Loch An Toirc, Mhuirgheasa, Gildea, Martin, Power, Martin, Lynch, Katie, Collins, Julia, Gildea, Brigit, Sullivan, James, Noonan, Johanna, Sullivan, Jim, Collins, Pat Joe, Comer, Brigid, Comar, Brigid, Hickey, Willie, Donnell, Lena O', Sullivan, Annie, Molloy, Mary F., Comar, Bridget, Gildea, Brigid, Molloy, Frances, and Sullivan, Áine

Subjects
Historic sites, local legends, Schools, Verbal arts and literature, Folk beliefs, Traditional medicine, Agriculture, Supernatural beings, Manners and customs, Animal culture, Birds, Riddles, Butter, Recreation, Cemeteries, Occupations, Marriage, Potatoes, Proverbs, Folklore
Abstract

A collection of folklore and local history stories from Loch an Toirc (school) (Loughatorick South, Co. Galway), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher Bean Uí Mhuirgheasa., Weather Signs / Gildea, Martin -- The old people tell alot of stories about fairies. / Power, Martin -- Description of an Old Disused Graveyard / Lynch, Katie -- Chapel that Was there Long Ago / Gildea, Martin -- Remains of a Chapel that Was here Long Ago / Collins, Julia -- Sleeping Place -- On the Sleepyplace / Gildea, Martin -- On the Sleepyplace / Gildea, Brigit -- Composition - On a Cave in Rhinenabochala / Sullivan, James -- Composition -- Schools in Old Times / Noonan, Johanna -- Schools in Old Times / Sullivan, Jim -- Old Schools / Gildea, Martin -- Biddy Early / Collins, Pat Joe -- Biddy Early / Sullivan, Jim -- Biddy Early / Noonan, Johanna -- Lake Dwellings or Crannoges / Sullivan, Jim -- Composition on Cranneoges or Lake Dwellings / Comer, Brigid -- Old Sayings / Comar, Brigid -- Old Customs / Noonan, Johanna -- Other Old Sayings / Hickey, Willie -- It is an old saying that much wants more. / Donnell, Lena O' -- Old Sayings / Noonan, Johanna -- Old Customs / Sullivan, James -- Old Customs / Comar, Brigid -- Old Customs / Power, Martin -- Riddles -- Riddles -- Riddles / Donnell, Lena O' -- Old Crafts / Comar, Brigid -- Old Crafts / Donnell, Lena O' -- Old Crafts / Sullivan, Annie -- Games and Plays / Molloy, Mary F. -- Taking a Man's Crop / Molloy, Mary F. -- Old Crafts / Gildea, Martin -- Games I Play / Donnell, Lena O' -- Old Place Names / Donnell, Lena O' -- Local Marriage Customs / Noonan, Johanna -- Bird-Lore / Noonan, Johanna -- Local Cures / Molloy, Mary F. -- Local Cures / Noonan, Johanna -- Local Cures / Collins, Julia -- Local Cures / Power, Martin -- Local Cures / Donnell, Lena O' -- Potato Crop / Hickey, Willie -- Potato Crops / Sullivan, Annie -- Potato Crop / Noonan, Johanna -- Potato Crop / Comar, Bridget -- Potato Crop / Molloy, Mary F. -- Potato Crops / Power, Martin -- Festival Customs / Sullivan, Jim -- Festival Customs / Donnell, Lena O' -- Festival Custom / Noonan, Johanna -- Festival Customs / Power, Martin -- Festival Customs / Gildea, Brigid -- Festival Customs / Comar, Brigid -- Festival Customs / Sullivan, Jim -- Festival Customs / Comar, Brigid -- Festival Customs -- Festival Customs / Noonan, Johanna -- Care of Our Farm Animals / Molloy, Frances -- Care of Our Farm Animals / Noonan, Johanna -- Care of Our Farm Animals / Gildea, Brigid -- Care of Farm Animals -- Churning / Sullivan, Áine -- Churning -- Making of Butter / Molloy, Mary F. -- Churning / Gildea, Brigid -- Churning / Noonan, Johanna, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

Published
1937
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