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The manuscript was prepared to conduct a thorough analysis and deepen the understanding of sustainable food production and diets within the context of the challenges posed by intensive agricultural practices and their environmental impacts, as well as their effects on human health. The rapid growth of the human population necessitates an increase in food production to meet nutritional needs. However, increasing the production of animal-derived products, which are significant protein sources, is likely to worsen undesirable consequences, such as global climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, and a larger carbon footprint. Traditional farming techniques also contribute to environmental contamination due to the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Transitioning to a sustainable food production model that addresses food needs while protecting consumer health and the environment is crucial. The challenge for the food industry and research centers is to find and develop the production of alternative sources of protein. In addition to the technological problems that must be solved, there is consumer education focused on healthy eating and overcoming psychological barriers related to the consumption of new foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Meat preservation is necessary to prevent harmful changes caused by microbiological, chemical, and physical processes in order, among other things, to extend storage life. In this study, we investigated how the duration (4, 8, 12, and 24 h) and temperature (50 °C, 55 °C, 60 °C) of SV (sous-vide) treatment for horse meat influence the sensory properties and quality of m. longissimus thoracis specimens. The SV temperature and time of heat treatment demonstrated notable enhancements of most texture parameters. Increasing the duration of heat treatment from 4 h to 8, 12, and 24 h at all applied temperature values resulted in an improvement in the shear force, hardness, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness of horse meat (however, the differences were not statistically significant in every case). Increasing the duration of heat treatment from 4 to 24 h, but only at a temperature of 60 °C, improved the scent (intensity and desirability) and flavor desirability. Multiple regression analysis showed that many texture parameters could be effectively described by the cooking time and process temperature. The most accurate representation of the empirical data (R2 > 0.903) was attained for adhesiveness, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness, which exhibited the highest coefficients of determination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this investigation was to assess the influence of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and the duration of cold storage on the physicochemical, technological, and sensory attributes as well as the nutritional composition and shelf life of meat. The experimental framework involved utilizing samples derived from the semimembranosus muscle of pork. Each muscle obtained from the same carcass was segmented into six distinct parts, with three designated as control specimens (K) and the remaining subjected to vacuum packaging and subsequent exposure to high hydrostatic pressure (200 MPa at 20 °C for 30 min). Comprehensive laboratory analyses of the meat were conducted at 1, 7, and 10 days post slaughter. The meat was cold-stored at +3 ± 0.5 °C. The findings of the study elucidated that the application of high hydrostatic pressure exhibited a favorable impact on the extension of the raw meat's shelf life. The tests showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the total number of microorganisms compared to the control sample after 7 (K: 4.09 × 105, HHP: 2.88 × 105 CFU/g) and 10 (K: 7.40 × 105, HHP: 2.42 × 105 CFU/g) days of cold storage. It was also found that using HHP increased the pH value after 1 (K: 5.54, HHP: 5.77) and 7 (K: 5.60, HHP: 5.87) days of storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Science, Nature, Technologies / Nauka, Przyroda, Technologie is the property of Science Nature Technologies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: COVID-19 survivors who were hospitalised continue to experience long-term multisystemic sequelae and symptoms, impacting their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The complexity of post-COVID-19 conditions underscores the importance of adopting a multidisciplinary, patient-centric approach to ensure ongoing care. This study aims to assess HRQoL and post-COVID symptoms in a cohort of severe COVID-19 survivors depending on their participation in a multidisciplinary programme., Methods: This prospective study was conducted in a post-COVID clinic staffed by a multidisciplinary team (physical rehabilitator, nutritionist, psychologist, including experts in pulmonary rehabilitation, nutrition, psychology and others). Subjects over 18 years old who were hospitalised due to severe COVID-19 during the acute phase and had attended the post-COVID clinic within the first 3 months following discharge were included. Subjects who were unable or unwilling to provide informed consent to participate in the protocol were excluded. Linear mixed-effect models were employed to examine changes in 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) component scores. The resolution of post-COVID symptom clusters was compared using the Cox model., Results: A total of 730 patients were included, with a mean±sd age of 55.78±15.43 years; 60.55% were male and 90.62% required mechanical ventilation during hospitalisation. Programme attendants demonstrated improved SF-12 physical and mental component scores at 3 and 12 months. A reduction in the prevalence of post-COVID symptoms was observed in both groups, with greater reductions in those attending the programme., Conclusion: Our study showed that patients enrolled on the multidisciplinary programme experienced improvements in fatigue, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, neuropsychiatric and respiratory symptoms, along with enhanced SF-12 mental and physical component scores., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: All the authors have nothing to disclose., (Copyright ©The authors 2024.)

Background: Appropriate nutrition is one of the most important factors affecting the proper development of man, nutritional status and maintaining good health. Adolescence is a period of development of skills of self-determination and self-realization, also in the case of nutrition. Children and school-age youth are the group most vulnerable to the effects of incorrect nutrition. The way of nutrition during this period determines psychophysical and emotional development, effectiveness in learning process and has influence on health in adulthood., Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the habits and nutrition preferences in secondary school students from Rzeszów and Krosno age 16-19 years and to identify the differences between their eating behaviours., Material and Methods: The study involved 300 secondary school students from Rzeszów and Krosno. The research material was the Authors’ questionnaire containing questions examining the eating habits of surveyed students. The statistical analysis was performed using the program StatSoft, Inc. STATISTICA version 12.0. To evaluate the differences between the two examined qualities there was used the Chi2 test of independence. As the statistically significant level there was assumed the level of p ≤ 0.05., Results: In the surveyed group of high school students, more than half (59.66%) ate 4-5 meals a day. Snacking between meals declared 95% of high school students. Between meals the youth most frequently consumed fruits and vegetables (72.99%) and sweets (59.66%). Daily consumption of first breakfast before leaving the home declared more than half (62.33%) of the surveyed youth. Consuming products containing complete protein several times a week was declared by 49%. Whole wheat bread was daily consumed by 10.33% of the respondents, and grain products are daily consumed by 52.66% of the youth. 43.33% every day drank milk and milk products, while fruits and vegetables several times a day were consumed by 59.66% of the surveyed students. Consumption of products of “fast-food” type several times a month was declared by 49.66%, while irregular consumption of meals was declared by 20.33% of high school students. Physical activity was declared by 93.99%, and 3-5 times a week by only 21.66% of the surveyed students., Conclusions: The conducted research shows that eating habits of most of the surveyed secondary school students both from Rzeszów and Krosno are satisfactory. The comparison of dietary habits among secondary school students showed no significant differences. Both groups committed similar errors: sweets snacking between meals, irregular meals and insufficient physical activity. A positive phenomenon was snacking of fruit and vegetables between meals and selection of mineral water and juices as the most frequently consumed beverages.

Background: One of the most important parts of human diet is the appropriate quantity and quality of consumed fats., Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the consumption of fat by students of the Rzeszów University. The evaluation was performed basing on the consumption frequency of food products consisting the major source of fat in the diet., Material and Method: The evaluation was made on the basis of research on the frequency of consumption of selected food products which are the main source of fat in the diet. In the study there was used Blocke's survey form. 87 students including 72,4% woman and 27,6% man voluntarily participated in this study., Results: The estimated overall assessment showed that the fat consumption by the majority of students was correct (women--74,6%, men--62,5%). However, it was found that approximately 15% of respondents consume too much fat. More frequent consumption of fat products was found in the male population of respondents. Reverse tendencies, consisting in reducing the consumption of products with a higher fat content can be indicated in the part of female students. The anomalies observed include excessive consumption by a part of respondents of fatty cured meats, luncheon meat or bacon, eggs and also doughnuts, cakes and cookies, as well as insufficient consumption of milk., Conclusion: Taking into consideration the role of fats for the body, they should be supplied in sufficient quantities, as irregularities in this regard may have a negative impact on the human health.

Background: Adequate nutrition is an essential factor conditioning physical and mental development of man, and poor nutrition can cause deterioration of health and occurrence of diseases related to diet. The fashion for slim body promoted in the media contributes to the youth's activities aiming to shape their bodies and, in particular, studying persons run the risk of nutritional deficiencies, which is also connected with irregular time of classes., Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the diet of 200 students (161 women and 39 men) in the second-year of Food Technology and Human Nutrition at the University of Rzeszow and to evaluate the extent to which nutritional standards for energy and essential nutrients in the daily food rations are kept., Material and Methods: The tests were carried out in the years 2010-2011. Intake assessment was made by the method of current listing of products and beverages consumed in the successive three days. Portion size was estimated by using the "Album of photographs of products and dishes." Using the "Tables of the nutritional value of food products and dishes," there was calculated the energy value, content of essential nutrients and cholesterol. The obtained results of the energy value were compared with the "Human Nutrition Standards" for women and men aged 19-30 years of moderate physical activity, and the nutritional value of analyzed diets was compared with standards of recommended dietary allowance (RDA)., Results: Diets of students (women and men) were significantly different (p = 0.01) in terms of energy content and nutritional value. Food rations for women and men were characterized by low energy value not corresponding to the recommendations of the Human Nutrition Standards. The energy value of diets of tested women students was 1568,56 kcal/day, while of men students 2283,22 kcal/day. Protein supply in daily food rations for women was 56,73 g and corresponded to the recommendations of the standards, while in the group of men it exceeded the standard at the recommended intake level and amounted to 89,32 g. Fat intake was consistent with the recommendations of the standards for both women and men and it was 59,67 g and 89,09 g respectively. The level of carbohydrate intake exceeded the standards at the level of recommended intake in daily food rations of women and men (213,14 g and 286,04 g). Average intake of cholesterol was 239,08 mg and 394,92 mg respectively. These values are close to the limit set by American Heart Association., Conclusions: Daily food rations of students of the University of Rzeszow under the study were characterized by low energy value. In the analyzed daily food rations of women was found the protein content at the level of recommended intake whereas in the group of men these values exceeded the recommendations of standards. In both groups the fat intake was at the level of recommended intake and the carbohydrate content was at a higher level than the recommendations of standards.

Background: To function properly the human body needs, from a nutritional point of view, the supply of a wide variety of nutrients. In this respect, in addition to essential nutrients, vitamins and minerals play an important role. Particular attention should be paid to the nutrition of studying youth as in their diet there are observed many irregularities arising from the specific nature of student life., Objective: The aim of the study was to identify and assess the level of intake of selected vitamins and minerals in a group of students with consideration of gender., Material and Methods: The study included the group of 200 persons studying at the Faculty of Biology and Agriculture at the University of Rzeszów. The assessment of intake was made using the method of immediate recording of products and beverages consumed by students within three successive days. Using the Tables of Nutritional Value of Foods and Dishes there was calculated the average daily intake of minerals (sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese) and vitamins (A, D, E, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folates and vitamin B12)., Results: It was found that the nutrition of women had seriously deficient intake of vitamin D (49%), folates (54%), thiamine and niacin. In terms of mineral intake in women there was diagnosed insufficient contribution of iron (46%), potassium (51.4%), calcium (55.4%) and magnesium (71.6%) in the diet. In the group of men deficiencies were found in the case of vitamin D (79.4%), foliates (71.6%) and vitamin C (76.0%). The excess of manganese (210.0%), phosphorus (198.9%), sodium (170.2%) in the diet and deficiency of potassium (65.5%), calcium (67.0%) and magnesium (73.9%) were found., Conclusions: The diet of men to a greater extent fulfils the need for vitamins and minerals. The results of the study show the necessity of education in order to foster healthy nutritional habits and to increase the share of natural sources of vitamins and minerals in the diet to prevent the occurrence of adverse effects related to their insufficient consumption.

The study deals with the evaluation of the frequency of food products consumption that are a source of dietary fiber in the diet of students. Survey was conducted in May 2010 among 96 second-year students of 'Food Processing Technology and Human Nutrition' at the University of Rzeszow. The Block's questionnaire was used to assess the frequency of consumption of selected sources of dietary fiber. In order to determine the frequency of consumption of fruits, fruit juices, salads, potatoes, legumes, white bread, dark bread and other cereal products the 5-degree scale with verbal terms (less than once per week--0 points, roughly once a week--1 point, 2-3 times per week - 2 points, 4-6 times per week--3 points, every day--4 points) was used. It was found that none of the examined persons, both women and men, had a sufficient consumption of fiber in the diet. The main source of dietary fiber in the diet of the examined students were white and dark bread and potatoes. A small percentage of the examined persons consume fruits and vegetables in their daily diet.