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The site of Norba is located in the Latium Region, about 90 km S of Rome, Italy. The city is one of the best example of urban town planning, with a regular layout dating back to antiquity. Over the years, many studies and archaeological excavations have brought to light important remains of several buildings, which are still very well preserved. To enhance the knowledge of the unexcavated portions of the archaeological site and to locate the position of the unknown and hypothesized buried structures, extensive geophysical surveys employing the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Gradiometric methods were planned and conducted between 2017 and 2018. For the measurements, a GPR system SIR3000 (GSSI), equipped with a 400 MHz bistatic antenna with constant offset, was used to survey 27 different sectors close to few excavated areas. Taking into account the environmental conditions of the site and the nature of the buried structures, some areas were surveyed with a spacing interval between parallel profiles of 0.25 m while other areas were investigated with a spatial interval between closed parallel profiles of 0.50 m. Furthermore, fluxgate differential magnetic (Gradiometric) surveys were carried out using the geoscan FM256 in two areas, overlapping the GPR areas. In order to have a better understanding of the subsurface, methods of qualitative and quantitative integration of the results have been employed: maps overlays and RGB color composites (graphical integration), binary data analysis and cluster analysis (discrete data integration), and data sum, data product and principal component analysis (continuous data integration). The results obtained from the geophysical surveys were interpreted together with the archaeologists to define the meaning of the structures identified and to enhance the knowledge of the ancient town’s layout and mapping.

The ancient town of Norba rises on a high plateau overlooking the Pontine plain; founded in archaic age, was destroyed in 81 B.C. Due to its state of conservation and potential, Norba was chosen for the experimentation of integrated nondestructive methods of investigation to interpret ancient urban forms diachronically. The acquired data are of particular interest for the historical-archaeological reading of the forma Urbis (we have identified many roads, domus, the forum area) and allow us to elaborate on solid data projects to enhance representative monuments.

Si evidenzia il contributo recato da La Blanchère allo studio della bonifica agraria: la sua interpretazione del sistema dei cunicoli come bonifica agrario idraulica capillare è comunemente accolta; valutazioni diverse sono state avanzate sulla cronologia. Sono proposti esempi di altre esperienze di drenaggio superficiale, frutto della attenzione alle trasformazioni del paesaggio, un ambito di ricerca nel quale La Blanchere fu pioniere. The article highlights La Blanchère’s contribution to the study of land reclamation; his interpretation of the “cunicoli” in the Pontine Region as a capillary hydraulic agricultural reclamation is commonly accepted; different evaluations have been advances on the chronology. Some examples of other experiences of superficial drainage are propose; they are the result of the attention to the transformations of the landscape, a research field in which La Blanchère was pioneer.

Theodor Mommsen aveva ventisette anni nel 1844, quando giunse la prima volta in Italia, dando inizio alla straordinaria avventura epigrafica che l’avrebbe condotto a pubblicare le Inscriptiones Regni Neapolitani Latinae (1852) e quindi alla progettazione del Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum. Marie-René de La Blanchère (Tours, 17 febbraio 1853 - Parigi, 30 maggio 1896) ne aveva ventisei nel ’79, al momento dell’arrivo presso la neonata École française de Rome con l’obiettivo di indagare le antichità della regione pontina: iniziava allora una contrastata (e per certi versi drammatica) vicenda di vita e di ricerca, il cui principale frutto resta il “saggio di storia locale” su Terracine (1884), preceduto e seguito da importanti contributi sul Latium adiectum e l’Africa romana; nel 1885 l’Autore si sarebbe trasferito in Tunisia, dove divenne protagonista della vasta opera di studio e salvaguardia delle antichità locali, culminata nella fondazione del Museo del Bardo. Questo libro raccoglie gli atti del convegno internazionale Dalle terre pontine all’Africa romana: Marie-René de La Blanchère, archeologo, epigrafista, orientalista (San Felice Circeo, 3-4 giugno 2016), organizzato dall’École francaise de Rome e dal Comune di San Felice Circeo (LT) in sinergia con la Soprintendenza archeologica del Lazio Meridionale, con “Sapienza” Università di Roma e l’Università della Tuscia di Viterbo. Nel ripercorrere le tappe della carriera scientifica di La Blanchère, il volume – arricchito dalla prima bibliografia sistematica degli scritti dell’Autore – affronta alcuni momenti chiave della politica culturale della Francia di fine Ottocento, sullo sfondo della virtuosa competizione tra le istituzioni archeologiche europee in Italia, soffermandosi in particolare sulle tappe della ‘scoperta’ delle antichità del Lazio meridionale, negli anni in cui si compiva la titanica impresa dei volumi IX e X del CIL (1883).

To enhance the knowledge of the unexcavated portions of the archaeological site and to locate the position of the unknown buried structures, geophysical prospections employing the Ground Penetrating Radar method were performed between September and November 2017. For the measurements, a GPR system SIR3000 (GSSI), equipped with a 400 MHz bistatic antenna with constant offset was employed to survey 18 different sectors closing to few excavated area. Taking into account the environmental conditions of the site and the nature of the hypothesized structures, some areas have been surveyed with a spacing interval between parallel profiles of 0.25 m while other areas have been investigated with a spatial interval between closed parallel profiles of 0.50 m. Furthermore, differential magnetic surveys were carried out using the Geoscan FM256 in two areas, overlapping the GPR areas. With the aim to have a better understanding of the subsurface, a qualitative and quantitative integration of the results, have been employed. For the integration process the following techniques: maps overlays and RGB colour composites (graphical integration), binary data analysis and cluster analysis (discrete data integration) and data sum, data product and principal component analysis (continuous data integration) have been used. The results obtained from the geophysical surveys were interpreted together with the archaeologists to define the meaning of the individuated structures and to enhance the knowledge of the ancient town's layout and mapping.

This study is part of the "Norba Project", jointly developed between the University of Campania region "Luigi Vanvitelli", the Municipality of Norma (Latina) and the Institute of Technologies Applied to Cultural Heritage (ITABC-CNR). The archaeological site of Norba is located in the Latium Region, about 90 Km south of Rome, in Italy. The ancient town of Norba rises on a high plateau overlooking the Pontine plain. The city represents one of the best examples of urban town planning, with a regular layout dating back to an ancient age. During the last ten years, the site has undergone many studies, followed by archaeological excavations, which allowed several buildings and other important archaeological features to be brought to light. The conservation of the polygonal walls and other structures, has attracted to Norba, since the beginning of the eighteenth century, the attention of the historians and archaeologists; it has also been used for the experimentation of the first examples of aerophotogrammetric restitution. Thanks to the work of Latium Region and the Municipality of Norma, now the whole site is part of an archaeological Park. The archaeological excavations made in a small portion of the town allowed to recognize a regular urban layout, marked by terraces in polygonal work. The Project started in 2017 with new acquisition and processing of extensive geophysical surveys to investigate unexcavated portions of the archaeological site with the aim to enhance the knowledge of the urban plan of the ancient town. Ground Penetrating Radar and the Gradiometric methods have been applied to investigate this site. In particular, GPR system SIR 3000 (GSSI), equipped with a 400 MHz antenna with constant offset was employed to survey 18 different areas close to some of the unearthed structures. Furthermore, differential magnetic surveys were carried out using the Geoscan FM256 in few areas investigated with GPR. The results obtained from the geophysical surveys were interpreted together with the archaeologists to define the meaning of all the identified anomalies and to enhance the knowledge of the ancient town's layout and mapping.

The site of Norba is located in the Latium Region, about 90 Km south of Rome, in Italy. The city represents one of the best example of urban town planning, with a regular layout dating back to an ancient age. Over the years, many studies and archaeological excavations have brought to light important remains of several buildings which are still very well preserved. In the last two years, geophysical surveys have been planned and conducted to investigate unexcavated portions of the archaeological site to enhance the urbanism plane of the ancient town. Ground Penetrating Radar and the Magnetometric Method have been used to investigate the site. In particular, GPR system SIR 3000 (GSSI), equipped with a 400 MHz antenna with constant offset was employed to survey 18 different areas close to some of the unearthed structures. Furthermore, differential magnetic surveys were carried out using the Geoscan FM256 in two areas, overlapping the GPR areas. All the GPR profiles were processed with GPR-SLICE v7.0 Ground Penetrating Radar Imaging Software (Goodman 2017). The basic radargram signal processing steps included: post processing pulse regaining; DC drift removal; data resampling; band pass filtering; background filter and migration. With the aim of obtaining a planimetric vision of all possible anomalous bodies, the time-slice representation technique was applied using all processed profiles showing anomalous sources up to a depth of about 2.5 m. The magnetic data was instead processed employing GEOPLOT 3.0 software (GEOSCAN research). After de-spiking, filtering and rearranging, the data was processed using 2D cross-correlation technique to enhance the signal to noise ratio and to better define the spatial location and geometry of possible targets. With the aim to have a better understanding of the subsurface, a qualitative and quantitative integration of the results, have been employed. For the integration process the following techniques: maps overlays and RGB colour composites (graphical integration), binary data analysis and cluster analysis (discrete data integration) and data sum, data product and principal component analysis (continuous data integration) have been used. The results obtained from the geophysical surveys were interpreted together with the archaeologists to define the meaning of the individuated structures and to enhance the knowledge of the ancient town's layout and mapping. References Goodman, D., Piro, S. (2013). GPR Remote sensing in Archaeology, Springer: Berlin Piro S., Papale E., Zamuner D., Kuculdemirci M., 2018. Multimethodological approach to investigate urban and suburban archaeological sites. In "Innovation in Near Surface Geophysics. Instrumentation, application and data processing methods.", Persico R., Piro S., Linford N., Ed.s. pp. 461 - 504, ISBN: 978-0-12-812429-1, pp.1-505, Elsevier. Piro S., Quilici Gigli S., 2018. Indagini geofisiche per l'integrazione dei dati di scavo a Norba. In "Norba, scavi e ricerche", Atlante Tematico di Topografia Antica, XXII Supplemento 2018. L'Erma di Bretschneider. ISBN 978-88-913-1259-4, pp. 15-27 Quilici Gigli, S. (1997). Appunti di topografia per la storia di Norba. Atti della Pontificia Accademia Romana di Archeologia. Serie Iii, Rendiconti, 66, 287-301. Quilici Gigli, S., Quilici, L. (2000). Sulle mura di Norba. Atlante tematico di topografia antica, 9, 181-244.

Il lavoro espone i risultati delle ricerche topografiche per la redazione della Carta archeologica dei territori di Melizzano e Frasso Telesino (BN), lungo le valli di Volturno e Calore, in area tradizionalmente ascritto al Sannio. Oltre alla indagine diretta sul campo e alle buone pratiche della ricerca topografica, i cui risultati emergono nei paragrafi dedicati alla lettura storica dei dati archeologici, è parso opportuno dedicare approfondimenti di ricerca a materiali ritrovati in passato ed entrati nel Museo del Sannio e nel Museo Nazionale di Napoli, contestualizzandoli e operandone il recupero nella memoria dei luoghi. Le ricerche topografiche condotte sono valse a dare voce a un territorio poco noto alla letteratura di settore, permettendo di delinearne il popolamento dalla preistoria ad epoca tardo antica. The authors present the results of research in the territory of Melizzano and Frasso Telesino (district of Benevento, Campania) for the Archaeological Map.

Il contributo offre alcuni spunti di riflessioni sulla situazione in cui viene ad operare oggi, dopo dieci anni, l’iniziativa della Carta Archeologica della Campania in seguito alle modifiche dell’ordinamento universitario, alla riduzione dei fondi di ricerca e alle nuove regole in ria di archeologia preventiva, con la conseguente ricaduta pratica sulla programmazione territoriale. Proprio in seguito a tali fattori le ultime ricerche condotte per la redazione di Carte archeologiche hanno assunto un risvolto operativo, con l’elaborazione di Carte delle Potenzialità Archeologiche dei territori indagati, i cui criteri rispondono all’esigenza di indicazioni pratiche propedeutiche e funzionali alla tutela e a future ricerche. L’occasione offerta al Dipartimento di Lettere e Beni Culturali della Seconda Università degli studi di Napoli da parte dei Comuni di Bellona e di Sturno di redigere la Carta delle Potenzialità Archeologiche da allegare ai rispettivi Piani Urbanistici Comunali, stipulando apposite convenzioni, ha permesso di sperimentare nuove forme di interazione tra Università, Soprintendenza dei Beni archeologici ed enti locali, per una strategia condivisa di pianificazione del territorio, con ricadute pratiche in termini di programmazione urbanistica e territoriale. This paper provides some considerations about conditions in which researchers work in Italy nowadays, after ten years from the beginning of the Archaeological Map of the Campania Project. In this long period there were changes in the academic organization, with the reduction of research funds, and new rules of the “Preventive Archeology”, the land use planning and the archaeological heritage management. As a result of these factors, the latest Archaeological Maps have had operating implications, with Maps of the Archaeological Potential, which give practical recommendations for the safeguard of the Archaeological Heritage and for future researches in this field. The opportunity provided by the municipalities of Bellona and Sturno to the Department of Humanities and Cultural Heritage of the Second University of Naples to draft the Archaeological Potential Map of these territory, has allowed to experiment new forms of interaction between University, “Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici” and local Government, for a common shared strategy for land-use planning.