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1. Search for inelastic scattering of WIMP dark matter in XENON1T

Author: A. Manfredini, L. Scotto Lavina, Hardy Simgen, A. D. Ferella, R. Budnik, Yuehuan Wei, L. Grandi, G. Koltman, C. Weinheimer, K. Martens, F. Arneodo, M. Messina, Lorne Levinson, F. Joerg, Kaixuan Ni, D. Cichon, N. Kato, C. Macolino, L. Hoetzsch, A. Elykov, T. Wolf, Elena Aprile, João Cardoso, M. Pierre, D. Ramírez García, F. Gao, Keita Mizukoshi, P. Shagin, J. A. M. Lopes, Y. Mosbacher, Y. Ma, Masaki Yamashita, P. Di Gangi, S. Moriyama, T. Zhu, F. D. Amaro, Guillaume Plante, Fabrizio Marignetti, M. Vargas, H. Landsman, M. P. Decowski, April S. Brown, Boris Bauermeister, Jochen Schreiner, D. Masson, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, L. Bellagamba, A. Rocchetti, S. Liang, Manfred Lindner, L. Althueser, K. Odgers, J. Howlett, Katsuki Hiraide, F. Lombardi, M. Alfonsi, S. Andaloro, J.M.F. dos Santos, F. Agostini, R. Di Stefano, V. Pizzella, Giacomo Bruno, J. Naganoma, N. Šarčević, J. Qin, Sebastian Lindemann, G. Sartorelli, J. Pienaar, C. Capelli, N. Rupp, Gian Carlo Trinchero, K. Morå, Michelle Galloway, H. Schulze Eißing, E. Angelino, S. Bruenner, A. Molinario, S. Mastroianni, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, M. Iacovacci, A. Di Giovanni, Bart Pelssers, C. Tunnell, C. Wittweg, J. P. Zopounidis, D. Coderre, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, M. Scheibelhut, Jelle Aalbers, A. Depoian, M. Selvi, D. Schulte, Kathrin Valerius, A. Kopec, S. Reichard, Qing Lin, J. Qi, J. Palacio, J. Ye, B. Cimmino, M. Clark, Atsushi Takeda, Shingo Kazama, G. Volta, Uwe Oberlack, V. C. Antochi, Ethan Brown, Kentaro Miuchi, C. Therreau, J. Cuenca, Y. Zhang, Julien Masbou, Z. Xu, M. Murra, W. Fulgione, Laura Manenti, C. Hils, Sara Diglio, J. Mahlstedt, G. Zavattini, Laura Baudis, P. Gaemers, F. Toschi, M. L. Benabderrahmane, J. Long, J. R. Angevaare, E. Shockley, Jan Conrad, Masanori Kobayashi, R. Gaior, Yoshitaka Itow, M. Weiss, D. Thers, Marc Schumann, F. Semeria, R. F. Lang, A. P. Colijn, D. Wenz, R. Peres, A. Mancuso, Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Andaloro, S., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Bellagamba, L., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., Depoian, A., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Ferella, A. D., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Grandi, L., Hils, C., Hiraide, K., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Joerg, F., Kato, N., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Liang, S., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrodan Undagoitia, T., Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Mora, K., Moriyama, S., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Palacio, J., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., Ramirez Garcia, D., Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Sarcevic, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulze Eissing, H., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Valerius, K., Vargas, M., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Ye, J., Zavattini, G., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., XENON Collaboration, Columbia University [New York], Oskar Klein Centre [Stockholm], Stockholm University, University of Bologna, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), XENON, IoP (FNWI), and XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)
Subjects: xenon: target, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Parameter space, 01 natural sciences, WIMP: dark matter, High Energy Physics - Experiment, astro-ph.CO, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), XENON, Recoil, WIMP, WIMP nucleus: cross section, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Dark Matter, parameter space, Nuclear Experiment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, nucleus: recoil, Physics, Dark Matter, Inelastic scattering, XENON, Direct Dark Matter, photon, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Direct Dark Matter, Weakly interacting massive particles, signature, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Particle physics, Inelastic scattering, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, WIMP: mass, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, NO, PE2_2, PE2_1, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, WIMP nucleus: interaction, Dark, matter, WIMP: interaction, High Energy Physics::Experiment, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics and astroparticle physics, experimental results
Abstract: We report the results of a search for the inelastic scattering of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the XENON1T dark matter experiment. Scattering off $^{129}$Xe is the most sensitive probe of inelastic WIMP interactions, with a signature of a 39.6 keV de-excitation photon detected simultaneously with the nuclear recoil. Using an exposure of 0.89 tonne-years, we find no evidence of inelastic WIMP scattering with a significance of more than 2$\sigma$. A profile-likelihood ratio analysis is used to set upper limits on the cross-section of WIMP-nucleus interactions. We exclude new parameter space for WIMPs heavier than 100 GeV/c${}^2$, with the strongest upper limit of $3.3 \times 10^{-39}$ cm${}^2$ for 130 GeV/c${}^2$ WIMPs at 90\% confidence level., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2021
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2. Search for Coherent Elastic Scattering of Solar B8 Neutrinos in the XENON1T Dark Matter Experiment

Author: Y. Mosbacher, Y. Ma, D. Ramírez García, J. Pienaar, Jelle Aalbers, Kentaro Miuchi, C. Therreau, M. Messina, F. Joerg, C. Macolino, L. Hoetzsch, J. P. Zopounidis, R. Budnik, D. Wenz, Masahiro Yamashita, Yuehuan Wei, R. Peres, J. Howlett, C. Capelli, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Ethan Brown, K. Morå, P. Shagin, Laura Baudis, Atsushi Takeda, L. Grandi, G. Koltman, J. A. M. Lopes, C. Hils, N. Kato, A. Mancuso, E. Shockley, C. Wittweg, P. Gaemers, A. Manfredini, M. Alfonsi, D. Coderre, Katsuki Hiraide, J. Mahlstedt, G. Zavattini, F. Lombardi, S. Andaloro, F. Toschi, V. Pizzella, D. Cichon, Marc Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, P. Di Gangi, M. Vargas, Hardy Simgen, R. Di Stefano, A. D. Ferella, Z. Xu, D. Schulte, J. Qin, W. Fulgione, R. Gaior, J. Naganoma, M. Murra, Kathrin Valerius, S. Bruenner, C. Weinheimer, Kaixuan Ni, João Cardoso, M. Pierre, N. Rupp, Shigetaka Moriyama, Yoshitaka Itow, Giacomo Bruno, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, F. Gao, J. Long, Laura Manenti, Michelle Galloway, Uwe Oberlack, Sara Diglio, M. Clark, Elena Aprile, B. Cimmino, T. Zhu, A. Elykov, T. Wolf, H. Landsman, Keita Mizukoshi, M. Weiss, D. Thers, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, F. D. Amaro, E. Angelino, S. Liang, F. Semeria, Guillaume Plante, R. F. Lang, Julien Masbou, A. Di Giovanni, Boris Bauermeister, G. Volta, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, A. P. Colijn, Bart Pelssers, V. C. Antochi, M. P. Decowski, C. Tunnell, J.M.F. dos Santos, F. Arneodo, F. Agostini, K. Martens, Lorne Levinson, J. R. Angevaare, Fabrizio Marignetti, Manfred Lindner, J. Ye, L. Althueser, Sebastian Lindemann, L. Bellagamba, April S. Brown, G. Sartorelli, Gian Carlo Trinchero, S. Mastroianni, Jochen Schreiner, S. Ahmed Maouloud, J. Qi, J. Palacio, Shingo Kazama, A. Rocchetti, Jan Conrad, Masanori Kobayashi, D. Masson, S. Reichard, J. Cuenca, Y. Zhang, H. Schulze Eißing, A. Molinario, M. Iacovacci, A. Depoian, M. Selvi, A. Kopec, and K. Odgers
Subjects: Elastic scattering, Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Scattering, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, Xenon, Recoil, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Order of magnitude
Abstract: We report on a search for nuclear recoil signals from solar $^8$B neutrinos elastically scattering off xenon nuclei in XENON1T data, lowering the energy threshold from 2.6 keV to 1.6 keV. We develop a variety of novel techniques to limit the resulting increase in backgrounds near the threshold. No significant $^8$B neutrino-like excess is found in an exposure of 0.6 t $\times$ y. For the first time, we use the non-detection of solar neutrinos to constrain the light yield from 1-2 keV nuclear recoils in liquid xenon, as well as non-standard neutrino-quark interactions. Finally, we improve upon world-leading constraints on dark matter-nucleus interactions for dark matter masses between 3 GeV/c$^2$ and 11 GeV/c$^2$ by as much as an order of magnitude.
Published: 2021
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3. Excess electronic recoil events in XENON1T

Author: A. Manfredini, L. Scotto Lavina, A. D. Ferella, Hongwei Wang, L. Levinson, Ch. Weinheimer, D. Masson, J. Pienaar, Qing Lin, Auke-Pieter Colijn, Laura Baudis, E. Angelino, João Cardoso, T. Zhu, J. R. Angevaare, F. Gao, Jelle Aalbers, P. Gaemers, F. Toschi, A. Di Giovanni, R. Di Stefano, W. Fulgione, Gabriella Sartorelli, M. Clark, Kentaro Miuchi, C. Therreau, Yuehuan Wei, F. D. Amaro, H. Landsman, A. Depoian, Guillaume Plante, J. Ye, M. Selvi, Joern Mahlstedt, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Ethan Brown, D. Wenz, J. Qin, M. Alfonsi, R. Peres, D. Schulte, J. Long, J. P. Zopounidis, S. Moriyama, Boris Bauermeister, G. Eurin, R. Gaior, C. Hasterok, Ran Budnik, J.M.F. dos Santos, A. Kopec, Xavier Mougeot, Yoshitaka Itow, Michelle Galloway, C. Macolino, F. Agostini, N. Kato, J. Palacio, E. Shockley, A. Mancuso, M. Weiss, S. Reichard, Yanxi Zhang, L. Grandi, J. Schreiner, Sebastian Lindemann, M. P. Decowski, Shingo Kazama, Laura Manenti, G. Koltman, Marc Schumann, Manfred Lindner, R. F. Lang, E. López Fune, N. Rupp, P. Di Gangi, Guido Zavattini, F. Lombardi, Jan Conrad, S. Mastroianni, Uwe Oberlack, C. Hils, Masanori Kobayashi, F. Marignetti, S. Bruenner, Kaixuan Ni, K. Mizukoshi, F. Semeria, D. Ramírez García, V. Pizzella, N. Šarčević, Giacomo Bruno, T. Berger, Sara Diglio, A. Takeda, Masaki Yamashita, Y. Mosbacher, J. Howlett, Gian Carlo Trinchero, H. Qiu, A. Elykov, Lorenzo Bellagamba, F. Arneodo, Katsuki Hiraide, J. Naganoma, A. Rocchetti, D. Barge, B. Cimmino, G. Volta, M. Murra, V. C. Antochi, C. Capelli, P. Shagin, L. Hoetzsch, K. Morå, Julien Masbou, H. Simgen, Dominique Thers, C. Wittweg, K. Odgers, D. Coderre, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, A. Molinario, M. Scheibelhut, April S. Brown, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, Z. Xu, D. Cichon, Bart Pelssers, K. Martens, M. Messina, Elena Aprile, F. Joerg, C. Tunnell, M. Vargas, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. A. M. Lopes, M. Iacovacci, L. Althueser, Columbia University [New York], Oskar Klein Centre [Stockholm], Stockholm University, University of Bologna, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), New York University [Abu Dhabi], NYU System (NYU), Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Antochi, V. C., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Arneodo, F., Barge, D., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Bellagamba, L., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berger, T., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., Depoian, A., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Eurin, G., Ferella, A. D., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Grandi, L., Hasterok, C., Hils, C., Hiraide, K., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Joerg, F., Kato, N., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., López Fune, E., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrodán Undagoitia, T., Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Moriyama, S., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Palacio, J., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qin, J., Qiu, H., Ramírez García, D., Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Šarčević, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Vargas, M., Volta, G., Wang, H., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Ye, J., Zavattini, G., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., Mougeot, X., Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, XENON, University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna (INFN, Sezione di Bologna), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (INFN, Sezione di Torino), National Institute for Subatomic Physics [Amsterdam] (NIKHEF), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli (INFN, Sezione di Napoli), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), University of L'Aquila [Italy] (UNIVAQ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics [Chicago] (KICP), University of Chicago, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Nagoya University, Konan University [Kobe, Japan], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Rice University [Houston], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNHB), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Département d'instrumentation Numérique (DIN (CEA-LIST)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), XENON collaboration, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of California, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), IoP (FNWI), and XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)
Subjects: xenon: target, axions, solar axion, magnetic moment, dimension: 3, neutrino: solar, Physics beyond the Standard Model, Solar neutrino, dark matter: direct detection, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Dark matter, direct detection, axion, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), neutrino, XENON, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), background: low, Recoil, electron: recoil, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], beta-rays, Particle Physics Experiments, coupling: (axion 2electron), multi-purpose particle detector, nuclear instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, instrumentation, Physics, xenon: liquid, boson: dark matter, axion 2nucleon, tritium, new physics: search for, semileptonic decay, boson: vector, tension, neutrino: magnetic moment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, axion 2photon, low background, boson, Neutrino, ionizing radiation, Nucleon, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), dark matter detector, electronic recoil, Electron capture, XENON1T detector, Dark matter, low-energy electronic recoil data, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], dark matter, NO, Nuclear physics, PE2_2, PE2_1, tritium: semileptonic decay, 0103 physical sciences, solar axion model, surface, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], axion: coupling, PE2_4, 010306 general physics, pseudoscalar, Axion, dark matter: vector, dark matter, XENON1T detector, electronic recoil, solar neutrino, detector, Dark Matter, Axions, Beta Decay, Liquid Xenon, TPC, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, axion 2electron, coupling: (axion 2nucleon), dark matter: detector, model: axion, Gran Sasso, metrology, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], axion, stellar constraints, coupling: (axion 2photon), High Energy Physics::Experiment, particle dark matter, direct detection, beta decay, axion: solar, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], experimental results
Abstract: We report results from searches for new physics with low-energy electronic recoil data recorded with the XENON1T detector. With an exposure of 0.65 t-y and an unprecedentedly low background rate of $76\pm2$ events/(t y keV) between 1 and 30 keV, the data enables sensitive searches for solar axions, an enhanced neutrino magnetic moment, and bosonic dark matter. An excess over known backgrounds is observed at low energies and most prominent between 2 and 3 keV. The solar axion model has a 3.4$\sigma$ significance, and a 3D 90% confidence surface is reported for axion couplings to electrons, photons, and nucleons. This surface is inscribed in the cuboid defined by $g_{ae}, Comment: 26 pages, 15 figures. v2 added Ar37 background discussion and best-fit mass of bosonic dark matter, v3 updated Ar37 discussion, tritium estimation, and solar axion energy spectrum. Data in Fig. 2, 4, and 15, including unbinned energy points in Fig. 4, are available in 10.5281/zenodo.4088778
Published: 2020
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4. NEVOD — An experimental complex for multi-component investigations of cosmic rays and their interactions in the energy range 1–1010 GeV

Author: A. Chiavassa, A. G. Bogdanov, E A Zadeba, A. N. Dmitrieva, E. A. Yurina, G. Mannocchi, I. I. Astapov, Yu. N. Mishutina, A. Yu. Konovalova, V. V. Shutenko, S. S. Khokhlov, K. O. Yurin, V. V. Ovchinnikov, R. P. Kokoulin, V. V. Borog, I. A. Shulzhenko, Gian Carlo Trinchero, M. B. Amelchakov, Yu. V. Stenkin, V. S. Vorobiev, N. S. Barbashina, V. V. Kindin, K. G. Kompaniets, D. M. Gromushkin, I. I. Yashin, F. A. Bogdanov, A. A. Kovylyaeva, and A. A. Petrukhin
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Range (particle radiation), Component (thermodynamics), Cosmic ray, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Energy (signal processing)
Published: 2021
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5. Search for Light Dark Matter Interactions Enhanced by the Migdal Effect or Bremsstrahlung in XENON1T

Author: A. Depoian, T. Berger, J. Qin, M. Selvi, T. Zhu, F. D. Amaro, H. Landsman, Guillaume Plante, N. Rupp, M. Iacovacci, Qing Lin, Boris Bauermeister, A. Kopec, N. Upole, D. Cichon, D. Wenz, R. F. Lang, R. Peres, B. Riedel, N. Šarčević, Shingo Kazama, W. Fulgione, P. Di Gangi, K. Morå, M. Messina, P. A. Breur, M. Manenti, J. Ye, Kaixuan Ni, F. Joerg, L. Althueser, A. Elykov, R. Podviianiuk, M. Murra, Elena Aprile, S. Schindler, C. Capelli, Yanxi Zhang, M. Alfonsi, C. Therreau, F. Arneodo, Gian Carlo Trinchero, D. Schulte, Jan Conrad, C. Hasterok, April S. Brown, R. Itay, E. Angelino, Ran Budnik, Uwe Oberlack, F. Toschi, Fabrizio Marignetti, J. Fei, F. Lombardi, D. Ramírez García, Yuehuan Wei, V. Pizzella, M. Garbini, L. Bellagamba, Y. Mosbacher, Giacomo Bruno, A. Di Giovanni, C. Macolino, Jörn Mahlstedt, J. Naganoma, J. P. Zopounidis, Michelle Galloway, J. Howlett, M. L. Benabderrahmane, S. Reichard, O. Wack, Ethan Brown, Marc Schumann, H. Qiu, C. Hils, A. Manfredini, L. Levinson, J. Schreiner, K. Odgers, S. Bruenner, J. Wulf, J. Palacio, Julien Masbou, H. Simgen, M. P. Decowski, Manfred Lindner, J. Pienaar, M. Kobayashi, G. Eurin, K. Micheneau, E. Shockley, Jelle Aalbers, Gabriella Sartorelli, L. Scotto Lavina, Auke-Pieter Colijn, Kate C. Miller, A. D. Ferella, Hongwei Wang, Ch. Weinheimer, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Kish, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Vargas, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, A. Rocchetti, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, Bart Pelssers, C. Tunnell, C. Wittweg, A. Fieguth, D. Coderre, L. Grandi, G. Koltman, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, A. Molinario, M. Scheibelhut, D. Barge, G. Volta, E. Hogenbirk, V. C. Antochi, P. Shagin, Laura Baudis, Dominique Thers, P. Gaemers, Z. Greene, J.M.F. dos Santos, F. Agostini, Sebastian Lindemann, E. López Fune, S. Mastroianni, Sara Diglio, João Cardoso, F. Gao, P. de Perio, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), XENON, Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Antochi, V. C., Angelino, E., Arneodo, F., Barge, D., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Bellagamba, L., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berger, T., Breur, P. A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., de Perio, P., Depoian, A., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A. D., Fieguth, A., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gallo Rosso, A., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Grandi, L., Greene, Z., Hasterok, C., Hils, C., Hogenbirk, E., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itay, R., Joerg, F., Kazama, S., Kish, A., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J. A. M., López Fune, E., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Manenti, M., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrodán Undagoitia, T., Masbou, J., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Miller, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Palacio, J., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Podviianiuk, R., Qin, J., Qiu, H., Ramírez García, D., Reichard, S., Riedel, B., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Šarčević, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Upole, N., Vargas, M., Volta, G., Wack, O., Wang, H., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), IoP (FNWI), Aprile E., Aalbers J., Agostini F., Alfonsi M., Althueser L., Amaro F.D., Antochi V.C., Angelino E., Arneodo F., Barge D., Baudis L., Bauermeister B., Bellagamba L., Benabderrahmane M.L., Berger T., Breur P.A., Brown A., Brown E., Bruenner S., Bruno G., Budnik R., Capelli C., Cardoso J.M.R., Cichon D., Coderre D., Colijn A.P., Conrad J., Cussonneau J.P., Decowski M.P., De Perio P., Depoian A., Di Gangi P., Di Giovanni A., Diglio S., Elykov A., Eurin G., Fei J., Ferella A.D., Fieguth A., Fulgione W., Gaemers P., Gallo Rosso A., Galloway M., Gao F., Garbini M., Grandi L., Greene Z., Hasterok C., Hils C., Hogenbirk E., Howlett J., Iacovacci M., Itay R., Joerg F., Kazama S., Kish A., Kobayashi M., Koltman G., Kopec A., Landsman H., Lang R.F., Levinson L., Lin Q., Lindemann S., Lindner M., Lombardi F., Lopes J.A.M., Lopez Fune E., MacOlino C., Mahlstedt J., Manenti M., Manfredini A., Marignetti F., Marrodan Undagoitia T., Masbou J., Mastroianni S., Messina M., Micheneau K., Miller K., Molinario A., Mora K., Mosbacher Y., Murra M., Naganoma J., Ni K., Oberlack U., Odgers K., Palacio J., Pelssers B., Peres R., Pienaar J., Pizzella V., Plante G., Podviianiuk R., Qin J., Qiu H., Ramirez Garcia D., Reichard S., Riedel B., Rocchetti A., Rupp N., Dos Santos J.M.F., Sartorelli G., Sarcevic N., Scheibelhut M., Schindler S., Schreiner J., Schulte D., Schumann M., Scotto Lavina L., Selvi M., Shagin P., Shockley E., Silva M., Simgen H., Therreau C., Thers D., Toschi F., Trinchero G., Tunnell C., Upole N., Vargas M., Volta G., Wack O., Wang H., Wei Y., Weinheimer C., Wenz D., Wittweg C., Wulf J., Ye J., Zhang Y., Zhu T., and Zopounidis J.P.
Subjects: xenon: target, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, dark matter: interaction, elastic scattering, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Xenon, Ionization, excited state, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Nuclear Experiment, Light dark matter, Elastic scattering, Physics, xenon: liquid, atom, momentum transfer, Momentum transfer, Bremsstrahlung, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), photon: bremsstrahlung, S030DN5, Weakly interacting massive particles, Excited state, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Dark matter, Light Dark Matter Direct search Liquid Xenon TPC, FOS: Physical sciences, S030DI5, chemistry.chemical_element, Nuclear physics, Particle dark matter, recoil, ionization, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, scintillation counter, S030DP5, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, down: mass, sensitivity, Dark matter, Particle dark matter, Weakly interacting massive particles, Automatic Keywords, chemistry, Elementary Particles and Fields, bremsstrahlung: emission, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Direct dark matter detection experiments based on a liquid xenon target are leading the search for dark matter particles with masses above ∼5 GeV/c2, but have limited sensitivity to lighter masses because of the small momentum transfer in dark matter-nucleus elastic scattering. However, there is an irreducible contribution from inelastic processes accompanying the elastic scattering, which leads to the excitation and ionization of the recoiling atom (the Migdal effect) or the emission of a bremsstrahlung photon. In this Letter, we report on a probe of low-mass dark matter with masses down to about 85 MeV/c2 by looking for electronic recoils induced by the Migdal effect and bremsstrahlung using data from the XENON1T experiment. Besides the approach of detecting both scintillation and ionization signals, we exploit an approach that uses ionization signals only, which allows for a lower detection threshold. This analysis significantly enhances the sensitivity of XENON1T to light dark matter previously beyond its reach.
Published: 2019
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6. Characterization of the varying flux of atmospheric muons measured with the Large Volume Detector for 24 years

Author: A. S. Malgin, E. Kemp, P. L. Ghia, P. Galeotti, I. A. Pless, Carlo Vigorito, A. Molinario, W. Fulgione, V. F. Yakushev, Pietro Antonioli, S. Rubinetti, O. G. Ryazhskaya, P. Giusti, E. A. Dobrynina, Antonino Zichichi, M. Selvi, G. Bari, C. Taricco, N. Yu. Agafonova, R. Persiani, Gian Carlo Trinchero, I. R. Shakiryanova, V. V. Ashikhmin, M. Garbini, R. I. Enikeev, Giacomo Bruno, Gabriella Sartorelli, Marco Aglietta, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LVD, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), cosmic rays, 0103 physical sciences, muon: flux: measured, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Experiments in gravity, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, temperature dependence, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, background, Center (category theory), temperature, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Effective temperature, Gran Sasso, muon: atmosphere, monitoring, modulation, Amplitude, correlation, Content (measure theory), spectral, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Large Volume Detector, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, cosmology, Intensity (heat transfer)
Abstract: The Large Volume Detector (LVD), hosted in the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, is triggered by atmospheric muons at a rate of $\sim 0.1$~Hz. The data collected over almost a quarter of century are used to study the muon intensity underground. The 50-million muon series, the longest ever exploited by an underground instrument, allows for the accurate long-term monitoring of the muon intensity underground. This is relevant as a study of the background in the Gran Sasso Laboratory, which hosts a variety of long-duration, low-background detectors. We describe the procedure to select muon-like events as well as the method used to compute the exposure. We report the value of the average muon flux measured from 1994 to 2017: $\mathrm{I_{\mu}^0 = 3.35 \pm 0.0005^{stat}\pm 0.03^{sys} \cdot 10^{-4} ~m^{-2} s^{-1}}$. We show that the intensity is modulated around this average value due to temperature variations in the stratosphere. We quantify such a correlation by using temperature data from the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasts: we find an effective temperature coefficient $\mathrm{\alpha_{T}} = 0.94\pm0.01^{stat} \pm0.01^{sys}$, in agreement with other measurements at the same depth. We scrutinise the spectral content of the time series of the muon intensity by means of the Lomb-Scargle analysis. This yields the evidence of a 1-year periodicity, as well as the indication of others, both shorter and longer, suggesting that the series is not a pure sinusoidal wave. Consequently, and for the first time, we characterise the observed modulation in terms of amplitude and position of maximum and minimum on a year-by-year basis., Comment: 26 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
Published: 2019
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7. Effective field theory search for high-energy nuclear recoils using the XENON100 dark matter detector

Author: Sara Diglio, F. V. Massoli, Qing Lin, J. Calvén, Ch. Weinheimer, Marc Schumann, P. Pakarha, W. Fulgione, J. Ye, A. Manfredini, M. Murra, Ben Farmer, Luke Goetzke, M. V. Sivers, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, F. Lombardi, M.-C. Piro, L. Buetikofer, J.M.F. dos Santos, D. Masson, Bart Pelssers, C. Geis, C. Hasterok, C. Reuter, M. Messina, F. Agostini, M. L. Benabderrahmane, A. Rizzo, P. Di Gangi, P. de Perio, B. Kaminsky, Ethan Brown, Julien Masbou, Teresa Marrodán Undagoitia, Sebastian Lindemann, H. Simgen, L. Scotto Lavina, Yanxi Zhang, Yuehuan Wei, K. Morå, Zhou Wang, C. Tunnell, A. Di Giovanni, A. D. Ferella, M. Selvi, G. Eurin, Kaixuan Ni, Hongwei Wang, Giacomo Bruno, Gabriella Sartorelli, Uwe Oberlack, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Kish, L. Levinson, J. Pienaar, M. Garbini, Ioana Codrina Maris, V. Pizzella, C. Grignon, April S. Brown, K. Micheneau, R. Itay, G. Kessler, M. Alfonsi, S. Bruenner, J. Wulf, Laura Baudis, J. Naganoma, Jelle Aalbers, Z. Greene, J. Schreiner, Ran Budnik, M. P. Decowski, M. Vargas, Auke-Pieter Colijn, P. A. Breur, Manfred Lindner, F. D. Amaro, Guillaume Plante, A. Stein, M. Cervantes, R. Persiani, D. Cichon, P. Barrow, D. Lellouch, A. Fieguth, D. Coderre, Boris Bauermeister, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, F. Arneodo, A. Tiseni, J. Fei, A. Molinario, M. Scheibelhut, João Cardoso, Elena Aprile, F. Gao, Gian Carlo Trinchero, S. Schindler, N. Rupp, S. Reichard, F. Piastra, T. Berger, S. Rosendahl, N. Priel, Shingo Kazama, Jan Conrad, M. Anthony, R. F. Lang, E. Hogenbirk, P. Shagin, D. Mayani, Dominique Thers, L. Rauch, H. Landsman, A. Gallo Rosso, A. Di Galloway, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), XENON, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées ( SUBATECH ), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies ( LPNHE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Amaro, F.D., Anthony, M., Arneodo, F., Barrow, P., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Benabderrahmane, M.L., Berger, T., Breur, P.A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bütikofer, L., Calvén, J., Cardoso, J.M.R., Cervantes, M., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A.P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J.P., Decowski, M.P., De Perio, P., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Diglio, S., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A.D., Fieguth, A., Fulgione, W., Gallo Rosso, A., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Geis, C., Goetzke, L.W., Greene, Z., Grignon, C., Hasterok, C., Hogenbirk, E., Itay, R., Kaminsky, B., Kazama, S., Kessler, G., Kish, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R.F., Lellouch, D., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J.A.M., Manfredini, A., Maris, I., Marrodán Undagoitia, T., Masbou, J., Massoli, F.V., Masson, D., Mayani, D., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Pakarha, P., Pelssers, B., Persiani, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Piro, M.-C., Plante, G., Priel, N., Rauch, L., Reichard, S., Reuter, C., Rizzo, A., Rosendahl, S., Rupp, N., Dos Santos, J.M.F., Sartorelli, G., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Sivers, M.V., Stein, A., Thers, D., Tiseni, A., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Vargas, M., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., Farmer, B., Zhang, Y., Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)
Subjects: WIMP nucleon: scattering, Particle physics, data analysis method, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, WIMP, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, XENON, Xenon, statistical analysis, 0103 physical sciences, Effective field theory, Dark Matter, 010306 general physics, S030UDM, nucleus: recoil, Physics, Coupling constant, effective field theory: nonrelativistic, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, dark matter: detector, chemistry, Weakly interacting massive particles, Direct Search, High Energy Physics::Experiment, TPC, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], recoil: energy, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: International audience; We report on weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) search results in the XENON100 detector using a nonrelativistic effective field theory approach. The data from science run II (34 kg×224.6 live days) were reanalyzed, with an increased recoil energy interval compared to previous analyses, ranging from (6.6–240) keVnr. The data are found to be compatible with the background-only hypothesis. We present 90% confidence level exclusion limits on the coupling constants of WIMP-nucleon effective operators using a binned profile likelihood method. We also consider the case of inelastic WIMP scattering, where incident WIMPs may up-scatter to a higher mass state, and set exclusion limits on this model as well.
Published: 2017
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8. DETECTION OF A CHANGE OF SLOPE IN THE SPECTRUM OF HEAVY MASS COSMIC RAYS PRIMARIES BY THE KASCADE-GRANDE EXPERIMENT

Author: Chiavassa, A., Apel, W. D., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Bekk, K., Bertaina, M., Blümer, J., Bozdog, H., Brancus, I. M., Cantoni, E., Cossavella, F., Daumiller, K., Souza, V., Di Pierro, F., Doll, P., Engel, R., Engler, J., Finger, M., Fuchs, B., Fuhrmann, D., Garino, F., Gils, H. J., Glasstetter, R., Grupen, C., Haungs, A., Heck, D., Hörandel, J. R., Huber, D., Huege, T., Kampert, K. -H, Kang, D., Klages, H. O., Link, K., Łuczak, P., Ludwig, M., Mathes, H. J., Mayer, H. J., Melissas, M., Milke, J., Mitrica, B., Morello, C., Oehlschläger, J., Ostapchenko, S., Palmieri, N., Petcu, M., Pierog, T., Rebel, H., Roth, M., Schieler, H., Schoo, S., Schröder, F. G., Sima, O., Toma, G., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Ulrich, H., Weindl, A., Wochele, J., Wommer, M., and Zabierowski, J.
Subjects: lcsh:TA1-2040, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Engineering, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Abstract: KASCADE-Grande is an extensive air shower experiment devoted to the study of cosmic rays in the 1016 ÷ 1018 eV energy range. The array is composed by different detectors allowing independent measurements of the number of muons (Nμ) and charged particles (Nch) of extensive air showers (EAS). These two observables are then used to study the primary energy spectrum, separating the events in two samples, on the basis of the shower size ratio, corrected for attenuation in the atmosphere, lnNμ/ lnNch. The two samples represent the light and heavy mass groups of the primaries. In the studied energy range only the spectrum of heavy primaries shows a significant change of slope, the energy (estimated using the QGSJET II hadronic interaction model) of this feature is in agreeement with the expectations of a rigidity dependent knee feature.
Published: 2013
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9. EAS-TOP: The proton-air inelastic cross-section at

Author: L. Bergamasco, P. Galeotti, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, M. Iacovacci, E. Cantoni, M. E. Bertaina, G. Mannocchi, Gian Carlo Trinchero, Antonella Castellina, O. Saavedra, Piero Vallania, A. Chiavassa, F. Arneodo, Bruno Alessandro, G. Di Sciascio, Piera Luisa Ghia, C. Morello, A. Stamerra, G. Navarra, S. Vernetto, Carlo Vigorito, Pietro Antonioli, W. Fulgione, Marco Aglietta, M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, L., Bergamasco, M., Bertaina, A., Castellina, E., Cantoni, A., Chiavassa, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, G., Di Sciascio, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, Iacovacci, Michele, G., Mannocchi, C., Morello, G., Navarra, O., Saavedra, A., Stamerra, G. C., Trinchero, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, and C., Vigorito
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cross section (physics), Muon, Air shower, Proton, Attenuation length, Cosmic ray, Atomic physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: The proton-air inelastic cross section measurement at s ≈ 2 TeV from the EAS-TOP Extensive Air Shower experiment is reported. The technique exploits cosmic ray proton primaries, in the energy region E 0 = ( 1.5 ÷ 2.5 ) ⋅ 10 15 eV , studying the absorption length of their cascades when detected at maximum development. Primary energies are selected through the EAS muon number ( N e ), and proton originated cascades at maximum development by means of the shower size ( N e ). The shower and detector fluctuations are obtained with simulations performed using the CORSIKA code and the QGSJET II and SIBYLL interaction models. The simulations provide the conversion factor ( k = λ o b s / λ i n t ), from the observed absorption length ( λ o b s e x p ) to the interaction length ( λ p − air ). The obtained value of the p-air inelastic cross section at s ≈ 2 TeV is σ p − air i n e l = 338 ± 21 ( s t a t ) ± 19 ( s y s t ) − 28 ( s y s t ) mb . The relevant issue of systematic uncertainties have been studied. The connections with the pp ( p ¯ p ) total cross section measurements are discussed.
Published: 2009
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10. Investigation of the radio wavefront of air showers with LOPES measurements and CoREAS simulations (ARENA 2014)

Author: Schröder, F. G., Apel, W. D., Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C., Bähren, L., Bekk, K., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Blümer, J., Bozdog, H., Brancus, I. M., Cantoni, E., Chiavassa, A., Daumiller, K., Souza, V., Di Pierro, F., Doll, P., Engel, R., Falcke, H., Fuchs, B., Fuhrmann, D., Gemmeke, H., Grupen, C., Haungs, A., Heck, D., Hörandel, J. R., Horneffer, A., Huber, D., Huege, T., Isar, P. G., Kampert, K. -H, Kang, D., Krömer, O., Kuijpers, J., Link, K., Luczak, P., Ludwig, M., Mathes, H. J., Melissas, M., Morello, C., Oehlschläger, J., Palmieri, N., Pierog, T., Rautenberg, J., Rebel, H., Roth, M., Rühle, C., Saftoiu, A., Schieler, H., Schmidt, A., Schoo, S., Sima, O., Toma, G., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Weindl, A., Wochele, J., Zabierowski, J., and Zensus, J. A.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: We investigated the radio wavefront of cosmic-ray air showers with LOPES measurements and CoREAS simulations: the wavefront is of approximately hyperbolic shape and its steepness is sensitive to the shower maximum. For this study we used 316 events with an energy above 0.1 EeV and zenith angles below $45^\circ$ measured by the LOPES experiment. LOPES was a digital radio interferometer consisting of up to 30 antennas on an area of approximately 200 m x 200 m at an altitude of 110 m above sea level. Triggered by KASCADE-Grande, LOPES measured the radio emission between 43 and 74 MHz, and our analysis might strictly hold only for such conditions. Moreover, we used CoREAS simulations made for each event, which show much clearer results than the measurements suffering from high background. A detailed description of our result is available in our recent paper published in JCAP09(2014)025. The present proceeding contains a summary and focuses on some additional aspects, e.g., the asymmetry of the wavefront: According to the CoREAS simulations the wavefront is slightly asymmetric, but on a much weaker level than the lateral distribution of the radio amplitude., Comment: Proceedings of ARENA 2014, Anapolis, USA
Published: 2015
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11. Test of large area glass RPCs at the DAΦNE Test Beam Facility (BTF)

Author: A. Tonazzo, L. Satta, P. Patteri, S. Ragazzi, M. Piccolo, A. Calcaterra, G. Mannocchi, P.P. Trapani, P. Picchi, D. Gamba, R. de Sangro, N. Redaelli, Gian Carlo Trinchero, T. Tabarelli de Fatis, Calcaterra, A, De Sangro, R, Gamba, D, Mannocchi, G, Patteri, P, Picchi, P, Piccolo, M, Ragazzi, S, Redaelli, N, Satta, L, TABARELLI DE FATIS, T, Tonazzo, A, Trapani, P, and Trinchero, G
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Resistive touchscreen, business.industry, Detector, Electron, rate capability, engineering.material, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, Coating, chemistry, Bakelite, Electrode, engineering, RPC, Particle, production, Graphite, business, Instrumentation
Abstract: The CaPiRe program has been started to develop a new detector design, in order to produce large areas of glass Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) detectors, overcoming the previous limitations. As a first step we produced our glass RPC detectors ( 1 m 2 ) at General Tecnica exploiting their standard procedures, materials and production techniques simply using 2 mm glass electrodes instead of the bakelite ones. A set of RPC was produced by using pre-coated (silk screen printed) electrodes, while others were produced with the standard graphite coating. All the detectors, together with four old Glass RPC acting as reference, were tested at the DA Φ NE Test Beam Facility with 500 MeV electrons in order to study the efficiency in different positions inside the detectors (i.e. near spacers and edges) and to study the detector behavior as a function of the local particle rate.
Published: 2004
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12. First Axion Results from the XENON100 Experiment

Author: Xenon, The Collaboration, Aprile, E., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Arisaka, K., Arneodo, F., Auger, M., Balan, C., Barrow, P., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Behrens, A., Beltrame, P., Bokeloh, K., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cardoso, J. M. R., Colijn, A. P., Contreras, H., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., Duchovni, E., Fattori, S., Ferella, A. D., Fulgione, W., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Geis, C., Goetzke, L. W., Grignon, C., Gross, E., Hampel, W., Itay, R., Kaether, F., Kessler, G., Kish, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Le Calloch, M., Lellouch, D., Levy, C., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lopes, J. A. M., Lung, K., Lyashenko, A., Macmullin, S., Marrodan Undagoitia, T., Masbou, J., Massoli, F. V., Mayani Paras, D., Melgarejo Fernandez, A. J., Meng, Y., Messina, M., Miguez, B., Molinario, A., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Oberlack, U., Orrigo, S. E. A., Pantic, E., Persiani, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Plante, G., Priel, N., Reichard, S., Reuter, C., Rizzo, A., Rosendahl, S., Dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Simgen, H., Teymourian, A., Thers, D., Tiseni, A., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Vitells, O., Wang, H., Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), XENON100, Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), E. Aprile, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, K. Arisaka, F. Arneodo, M. Auger, C. Balan, P. Barrow, L. Baudi, B. Bauermeister, A. Behren, P. Beltrame, K. Bokeloh, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, J. M. R. Cardoso, A. P. Colijn, H. Contrera, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, E. Duchovni, S. Fattori, A. D. Ferella, W. Fulgione, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Gei, L. W. Goetzke, C. Grignon, E. Gro, W. Hampel, R. Itay, F. Kaether, G. Kessler, A. Kish, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, M. Le Calloch, D. Lellouch, C. Levy, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, J. A. M. Lope, K. Lung, A. Lyashenko, S. MacMullin, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, F. V. Massoli, D. Mayani Para, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, Y. Meng, M. Messina, B. Miguez, A. Molinario, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, S. E. A. Orrigo, E. Pantic, R. Persiani, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, G. Plante, N. Priel, S. Reichard, C. Reuter, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, J. M. F. dos Santo, G. Sartorelli, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, H. Simgen, A. Teymourian, D. Ther, A. Tiseni, G. Trinchero, O. Vitell, H. Wang, M. Weber, C. Weinheimer, and The XENON100 Collaboration
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.GA, Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, dark matter, Xenon, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Assioni, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Axion, Liquid Xenon, Coupling, Coupling constant, Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ph, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, chemistry, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), astro-ph.CO, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the first results of searches for axions and axion-like-particles with the XENON100 experiment. The axion-electron coupling constant, $g_{Ae}$, has been tested by exploiting the axio-electric effect in liquid xenon. A profile likelihood analysis of 224.6 live days $\times$ 34 kg exposure has shown no evidence for a signal. By rejecting $g_{Ae}$, larger than $7.7 \times 10^{-12}$ (90% CL) in the solar axion search, we set the best limit to date on this coupling. In the frame of the DFSZ and KSVZ models, we exclude QCD axions heavier than 0.3 eV/c$^2$ and 80 eV/c$^2$, respectively. For axion-like-particles, under the assumption that they constitute the whole abundance of dark matter in our galaxy, we constrain $g_{Ae}$, to be lower than $1 \times 10^{-12}$ (90% CL) for masses between 5 and 10 keV/c$^2$. We present the first results of searches for axions and axionlike particles with the XENON100 experiment. The axion-electron coupling constant, gAe, has been probed by exploiting the axioelectric effect in liquid xenon. A profile likelihood analysis of 224.6 live days × 34-kg exposure has shown no evidence for a signal. By rejecting gAe larger than 7.7×10-12 (90% C.L.) in the solar axion search, we set the best limit to date on this coupling. In the frame of the DFSZ and KSVZ models, we exclude QCD axions heavier than 0.3 and 80 eV/c2, respectively. For axionlike particles, under the assumption that they constitute the whole abundance of dark matter in our galaxy, we constrain gAe to be lower than 1×10-12 (90% C.L.) for masses between 5 and 10 keV/c2. We present the first results of searches for axions and axion-like-particles with the XENON100 experiment. The axion-electron coupling constant, $g_{Ae}$, has been probed by exploiting the axio-electric effect in liquid xenon. A profile likelihood analysis of 224.6 live days $\times$ 34 kg exposure has shown no evidence for a signal. By rejecting $g_{Ae}$, larger than $7.7 \times 10^{-12}$ (90\% CL) in the solar axion search, we set the best limit to date on this coupling. In the frame of the DFSZ and KSVZ models, we exclude QCD axions heavier than 0.3 eV/c$^2$ and 80 eV/c$^2$, respectively. For axion-like-particles, under the assumption that they constitute the whole abundance of dark matter in our galaxy, we constrain $g_{Ae}$, to be lower than $1 \times 10^{-12}$ (90\% CL) for mass range from 1 to 40 keV/c$^2$, and set the best limit to date as well.
Published: 2014
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13. Reconstruction of the energy and depth of maximum of cosmic-ray air showers from LOPES radio measurements

Author: R. Engel, Béatrice Fuchs, J. Rautenberg, O. Krömer, A. Chiavassa, H. Rebel, C. Rühle, Markus Roth, M. Melissas, Katrin Link, M. Ludwig, Claus Grupen, F. Di Pierro, C. Morello, J. Oehlschläger, Octavian Sima, Peter L. Biermann, P. Łuczak, H. Schieler, Karl-Heinz Kampert, N. Palmieri, Heino Falcke, A. Horneffer, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, Paula Gina Isar, D. Kang, V. de Souza, A. Weindl, Jan Kuijpers, M. E. Bertaina, L. Bähren, K. Bekk, P. Doll, T. Pierog, H. J. Mathes, Jörg R. Hörandel, J. Wochele, Tim Huege, D. Heck, Gian Carlo Trinchero, Kai Daumiller, H. Gemmeke, A. Schmidt, I.M. Brancus, E. Cantoni, J. A. Zensus, G. Toma, D. Huber, Frank G. Schröder, J. Blümer, W. D. Apel, Alexandra Saftoiu, D. Fuhrmann, A. Haungs, H. Bozdog, and J. Zabierowski
Subjects: Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, FÍSICA DE PARTÍCULAS, LOPES, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Digital radio, Astrophysics, Coincidence, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Interferometry, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), KASCADE, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Energy (signal processing), Noise (radio)
Abstract: LOPES is a digital radio interferometer located at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany, which measures radio emission from extensive air showers at MHz frequencies in coincidence with KASCADE-Grande. In this article, we explore a method (slope method) which leverages the slope of the measured radio lateral distribution to reconstruct crucial attributes of primary cosmic rays. First, we present an investigation of the method on the basis of pure simulations. Second, we directly apply the slope method to LOPES measurements. Applying the slope method to simulations, we obtain uncertainties on the reconstruction of energy and depth of shower maximum Xmax of 13% and 50 g/cm^2, respectively. Applying it to LOPES measurements, we are able to reconstruct energy and Xmax of individual events with upper limits on the precision of 20-25% for the primary energy and 95 g/cm^2 for Xmax, despite strong human-made noise at the LOPES site., 16 pages, accepted by Physical Review D
Published: 2014

14. Mass sensitivity in the radio lateral distribution function

Author: Apel, W. D., Arteaga, J. C., Bähren, L., Bekk, K., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Blümer, J., Bozdog, H., Brancus, I. M., Buchholz, P., Cantoni, E., Chiavassa, A., Daumiller, K., Souza, V., Di Pierro, F., Doll, P., Engel, R., Falcke, H., Finger, M., Fuchs, B., Fuhrmann, D., Gemmeke, H., Grupen, C., Haungs, A., Heck, D., Hörandel, J. R., Horneffer, A., Huber, D., Huege, T., Isar, P. G., Kampert, K. H., Kang, D., Krömer, O., Kuijpers, J., Link, K., Łuczak, P., Ludwig, M., Mathes, H. J., Melissas, M., Morello, C., Oehlschläger, J., Palmieri, N., Pierog, T., Rautenberg, J., Rebel, H., Roth, M., Rühle, C., Saftoiu, A., Schieler, H., Schmid, A., Schröder, F. G., Sima, O., Toma, G., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Weindl, A., Wochele, J., Wommer, M., Zabierowski, J., and Zensus, J. A.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: Measuring the mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays is one of the main tasks in the cosmic rays field. Here we are exploring the composition signature in the coherent electromagnetic emission from extensive air showers, detected in the MHz frequency range. One of the experiments that successfully detects radio events in the frequency band of 40-80 MHz is the LOPES experiment at KIT. It is a digital interferometric antenna array and has the important advantage of taking data in coincidence with the particle detector array KASCADE-Grande. A possible method to look at the composition signature in the radio data, predicted by simulations, concerns the radio lateral distribution function, since its slope is strongly correlated with Xmax. Recent comparison between REAS3 simulations and LOPES data showed a significantly improved agreement in the lateral distribution function and for this reason an analysis on a possible LOPES mass signature through the slope method is promising. Trying to reproduce a realistic case, proton and iron showers are simulated with REAS3 using the LOPES selection information as input parameters. The obtained radio lateral distribution slope is analyzed in detail. The lateral slope method to look at the composition signature in the radio data is shown here and a possible signature of mass composition in the LOPES data is discussed., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2013
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15. Measurement of cosmic muon charge ratio with the Large Volume Detector

Author: Agafonova, N. Yu, Aglietta, M., Antonioli, P., Bari, G., Bertoni, R., Boyarkin, V. V., Bressan, E., Bruno, G., Dadykin, V. L., Dobrynina, E. A., Enikeev, R. I., Fulgione, W., Galeotti, P., Garbini, M., Ghia, P. L., Giusti, P., Kemp, E., Malgin, A. S., Miguez, B., Molinario, A., Persiani, R., Pless, I. A., Ryasny, V. G., Ryazhskaya, O. G., Saavedra, O., Sartorelli, G., Selvi, M., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Vigorito, C., Yakushev, V. F., and Zichichi, A.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Accelerator Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The charge ratio ${k \equiv \mu^+/\mu^-}$ for atmospheric muons has been measured using Large Volume Detector (LVD) in the INFN Gran Sasso National Laboratory, Italy (minimal depth is 3000 m w.e.). To reach this depth muons should have the energy at the sea level greater than 1.3 TeV. The muon charge ratio was defined using the number of the decays of stopping positive muons in the LVD iron structure and the decays of positive and negative muons in scintillator. We have obtained the value of the muon charge ratio ${k}$ ${= 1.26 \pm 0.04(stat) \pm 0.11(sys)}$., Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Version submitted for publication
Published: 2013
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16. Comparison of LOPES data and CoREAS simulations using a full detector simulation (ICRC2013)

Author: Link, K., Apel, W. D., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Bähren, L., Bekk, K., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Blümer, J., Bozdog, H., Brancus, I. M., Cantoni, E., Chiavassa, A., Daumiller, K., Souza, V., Di Pierro, F., Doll, P., Engel, R., Falcke, H., Fuchs, B., Fuhrmann, D., Gemmeke, H., Grupen, C., Haungs, A., Heck, D., Hörandel, J. R., Horneffer, A., Huber, D., Huege, T., Isar, P. G., Kampert, K-H, Kang, D., Krömer, O., Kuijpers, J., Łuczak, P., Ludwig, M., Mathes, H. J., Melissas, M., Morello, C., Oehlschläger, J., Palmieri, N., Pierog, T., Rautenberg, J., Rebel, H., Roth, M., Rühle, C., Saftoiu, A., Schieler, H., Schmidt, A., Schröder, F. G., Sima, O., Toma, G., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Weindl, A., Wochele, J., Zabierowski, J., and Zensus, J. A.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: The LOPES experiment at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany, has been measuring radio emission of air showers for almost 10 years. For a better understanding of the emission process a detailed comparison of data with simulations is necessary. This is possible using a newly developed detector simulation including all LOPES detector components. After propagating a simulated event through this full detector simulation a standard LOPES like event file is written. LOPES data and CoREAS simulations can then be treated equally and the same analysis software can be applied to both. This gives the opportunity to compare data and simulations directly. Furthermore, the standard analysis software can be used with simulations which provide the possibility to check the accuracy regarding reconstruction of air shower parameters. We point out the advantages and present first results using such a full LOPES detector simulation. A comparison of LOPES data and the Monte Carlo code CoREAS based on an analysis using this detector simulation is shown., Comment: 4 pages, presented at the International Cosmic Ray Conference, Rio de Janeiro, 2013, paper ID 0844
Published: 2013
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17. LOPES 3D reconfiguration and first measurements

Author: Huber, D., Apel, W. D., Arteaga, J. C., Bähren, L., Bekk, K., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Blümer, J., Bozdog, H., Brancus, I. M., Buchholz, P., Cantoni, E., Chiavassa, A., Daumiller, K., Souza, V., Di Pierro, F., Doll, P., Engel, R., Falcke, H., Finger, M., Fuchs, B., Fuhrmann, D., Gemmeke, H., Grupen, C., Haungs, A., Heck, D., Hörandel, J. R., Horneffer, A., Huege, T., Isar, P. G., Kampert, K. -H, Kang, D., Krömer, O., Kuijpers, J., Link, K., Luczak, P., Ludwig, M., Mathes, H. J., Melissas, M., Morello, C., Oehlschläger, J., Palmieri, N., Pierog, T., Rautenberg, J., Rebel, H., Roth, M., Rühle, C., Saftoiu, A., Schieler, H., Schmidt, A., Schröder, F. G., Sima, O., Toma, G., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Weindl, A., Wochele, J., Wommer, M., Zabierowski, J., and Zensus, J. A.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: The Radio detection technique of high-energy cosmic rays is based on the radio signal emitted by the charged particles in an air shower due to their deflection in the Earth's magnetic field. The LOPES experiment at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany with its simple dipoles made major contributions to the revival of this technique. LOPES is working in the frequency range from 40 to 80 MHz and was reconfigured several times to improve and further develop the radio detection technique. In the current setup LOPES consists of 10 tripole antennas which measure the complete electric field vector of the radio emission from cosmic rays. LOPES is the first experiment measuring all three vectorial components at once and thereby gaining the full information about the electric field vector and not only a two-dimensional projection. Such a setup including also measurements of the vertical electric field component is expected to increase the sensitivity to inclined showers and help to advance the understanding of the emission mechanism. We present the reconfiguration and calibration procedure of LOPES 3D and discuss first measurements., Comment: Proceedings
Published: 2013
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18. Search for Gamma Ray Bursts of energy Eγ ≥10 GeV and Eγ ≥ 100 TeV in correlation with BATSE events

Author: B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, M. Iacovacci, L. Bergamasco, P. Galeotti, Carlotta Castagnoli, C. Morello, C. Melagrana, G. Mannocchi, A. Chiavassa, W. Fulgione, P. L. Ghia, A. Campos Fauth, O. Saavedra, M. E. Bertaina, Antonella Castellina, L. Riccati, Bruno Alessandro, G. Cini, Marco Aglietta, Pietro Antonioli, G. Di Sciascio, Piero Vallania, F. Arneodo, Gian Carlo Trinchero, S. Vernetto, and G. Navarra
Subjects: Physics, Air shower, Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gamma-ray burst, Cosmology, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: We present the results of a search for Gamma Ray Bursts at energies Eγ ≥ 10 GeV and Eγ ≥ 100 TeV made by the EAS-TOP Air Shower Array in correlation with ∼ 50 events detected by BATSE in the last 3 years.
Published: 1995
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19. Search for 'anomalies' from neutrino and anti-neutrino oscillations at Delta_m^2 ~ 1eV^2 with muon spectrometers and large LAr-TPC imaging detectors

Author: Antonello, M., Bagliani, D., Baibussinov, B., Bilokon, H., Boffelli, F., Bonesini, M., Calligarich, E., Canci, N., Centro, S., Cesana, A., Cieslik, K., Cline, D. B., Cocco, A. G., Dequal, D., Dermenev, A., Dolfini, R., Gerone, M., Dussoni, S., Farnese, C., Fava, A., Ferrari, A., Fiorillo, G., Garvey, G. T., Gatti, F., Gibin, D., Gninenko, S., Guber, F., Guglielmi, A., Haranczyk, M., Holeczek, J., Ivashkin, A., Kirsanov, M., Kisiel, J., Kochanek, I., Kurepin, A., Łagoda, J., Lucchini, G., Louis, W. C., Mania, S., Mannocchi, G., Marchini, S., Matveev, V., Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Mills, G. B., Montanari, C., Nicoletto, M., Otwinowski, S., Palczewski, T. J., Passardi, G., Perfetto, F., Picchi, P., Pietropaolo, F., Płoński, P., Rappoldi, A., Raselli, G. L., Rossella, M., Rubbia, C., Sala, P., Scaramelli, A., Segreto, E., Stefan, D., Stepaniak, J., Sulej, R., Suvorova, O., Terrani, M., Tlisov, D., Water, R. G., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Turcato, M., Varanini, F., Ventura, S., Vignoli, C., Wang, H. G., Yang, X., Zani, A., Zaremba, K., Benettoni, M., Bernardini, P., Bertolin, A., Bozza, C., Brugnera, R., Cecchetti, A., Cecchini, S., Collazuol, G., Creti, P., Dal Corso, F., Mitri, I., Robertis, G., Serio, M., Degli Esposti, L., Di Ferdinando, D., Dore, U., Dusini, S., Fabbricatore, P., Fanin, C., Fini, R. A., Fiore, G., Garfagnini, A., Giacomelli, G., Giacomelli, R., Grelli, G., Guandalini, C., Guerzoni, M., Kose, U., Laurenti, G., Laveder, M., Lippi, I., Loddo, F., Longhin, A., Loverre, P., Mancarella, G., Mandrioli, G., Margiotta, A., Marsella, G., Mauri, N., Medinaceli, E., Mengucci, A., Mezzetto, M., Michinelli, R., Muciaccia, M. T., Orecchini, D., Paoloni, A., Pastore, A., Patrizii, L., Pozzato, M., Rescigno, R., Rosa, G., Simone, S., Sioli, M., Sirri, G., Spurio, M., Stanco, L., Stellacci, S., Surdo, A., Tenti, M., Togo, V., Ventura, M., and Zago, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: This proposal describes an experimental search for sterile neutrinos beyond the Standard Model with a new CERN-SPS neutrino beam. The experiment is based on two identical LAr-TPC's followed by magnetized spectrometers, observing the electron and muon neutrino events at 1600 and 300 m from the proton target. This project will exploit the ICARUS T600, moved from LNGS to the CERN "Far" position. An additional 1/4 of the T600 detector will be constructed and located in the "Near" position. Two spectrometers will be placed downstream of the two LAr-TPC detectors to greatly complement the physics capabilities. Spectrometers will exploit a classical dipole magnetic field with iron slabs, and a new concept air-magnet, to perform charge identification and muon momentum measurements in a wide energy range over a large transverse area. In the two positions, the radial and energy spectra of the nu_e beam are practically identical. Comparing the two detectors, in absence of oscillations, all cross sections and experimental biases cancel out, and the two experimentally observed event distributions must be identical. Any difference of the event distributions at the locations of the two detectors might be attributed to the possible existence of {\nu}-oscillations, presumably due to additional neutrinos with a mixing angle sin^2(2theta_new) and a larger mass difference Delta_m^2_new. The superior quality of the LAr imaging TPC, in particular its unique electron-pi_zero discrimination allows full rejection of backgrounds and offers a lossless nu_e detection capability. The determination of the muon charge with the spectrometers allows the full separation of nu_mu from anti-nu_mu and therefore controlling systematics from muon mis-identification largely at high momenta., Comment: Experiment proposal
Published: 2012
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20. UHE cosmic ray event reconstruction by the electromagnetic detector of EAS-TOP

Author: W. Fulgione, L. Bergamasco, P. Vallania, C. Morello, A. Campos Fauth, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, P. L. Ghia, O. Saavedra, Pietro Antonioli, A. Chiavassa, M. Iacovacci, G. Cini, G. Di Sciascio, P. Galeotti, Marco Aglietta, C. Cattadori, Carlotta Castagnoli, S. Vernetto, G. Mannocchi, Gian Carlo Trinchero, F. Arneodo, G. Navarra, L. Riccati, Antonella Castellina, Bruno Alessandro, M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, L., Bergamasco, A. C., Fauth, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, C., Cattadori, A., Chiavassa, G., Cini, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, G., Disciascio, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, Iacovacci, Michele, G., Mannocchi, C., Morello, G., Navarra, L., Riccati, O., Saavedra, G. C., Trinchero, P., Vallania, and S., Vernetto
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Computer Science::Neural and Evolutionary Computation, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, EASTOP experiment, Particle detector, Air Shower Reconstruction, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Angular resolution, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, EAS Array, Instrumentation, Image resolution, Event reconstruction
Abstract: UHE cosmic rays are studied by means of the detectors of the different components of secondaries produced by their interactions in the atmosphere (EAS). We describe and discuss the reconstruction techniques and accuracies of the e.m. detector of EAS-TOP. They allow, besides independent high resolution measurements of UHE γ-ray astronomy, good correlation possibilities with the detectors of the different EAS components.
Published: 1993
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21. Sensitivity of KASCADE-Grande data to hadronic interaction models

Author: Kang, D., Apel, W. D., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Bekk, K., Bertaina, M., Blümer, J., Bozdog, H., Brancus, I. M., Buchholz, P., Cantoni, E., Chiavassa, A., Cossavella, F., Daumiller, K., Souza, V., Di Pierro, F., Doll, P., Engel, R., Engler, J., Finger, M., Fuhrmann, D., Ghia, P. L., Gils, H. J., Glasstetter, R., Grupen, C., Haungs, A., Heck, D., Hörandel, J. R., Huege, T., Isar, P. G., Kampert, K. -H, Kickelbick, D., Klages, H. O., Link, K., Luczak, P., Ludwig, M., Mathes, H. J., Mayer, H. J., Melissas, M., Milke, J., Mitrica, B., Morello, C., Navarra, G., Nehls, S., Oehlschläger, J., Ostapchenko, S., Over, S., Palmieria, N., Petcu, M., Pierog, T., Rebel, H., Roth, M., Schieler, H., Schröder, F. G., Sima, O., Toma, G., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Ulrich, H., Weindl, A., Wochele, J., Wommer, M., and Zabierowski, J.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: KASCADE-Grande is a large detector array dedicated for studies of high-energy cosmic rays in the primary energy range from 100 TeV to 1 EeV. The multi-detector concept of the experimental set-up offers the possibility to measure simultaneously various observables related to the electromagnetic, muonic, and hadronic air shower components. The experimental data are compared to predictions of CORSIKA simulations using high-energy hadronic interaction models (e.g. QGSJET or EPOS), as well as low-energy interaction models (e.g. FLUKA or GHEISHA). This contribution will summarize the results of such investigations. In particular, the validity of the new EPOS version 1.99 for EAS with energy around 100 PeV will be discussed., Comment: Talk given at XVI International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions ISVHECRI 2010, Batavia, IL, USA (28 June 2 July 2010). 4 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2010
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22. The KASCADE-Grande experiment: measurements of the all-particle energy spectrum of cosmic rays

Author: Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Apel, W. D., Bekk, K., Bertaina, M., Blümer, J., Bozdog, H., Brancus, I. M., Buchholz, P., Cantoni, E., Chiavassa, A., Cossavella, F., Daumiller, K., Souza, V., Di Pierro, F., Doll, P., Engel, R., Engler, J., Finger, M., Fuhrmann, D., Ghia, P. L., Gils, H. J., Glasstetter, R., Grupen, C., Haungs, A., Heck, D., Hörandel, J. R., Huege, T., Isar, P. G., Kampert, K. -H, Kickelbick, D., Klages, H. O., Link, K., Luczak, P., Ludwig, M., Mathes, H. J., Mayer, H. J., Melissas, M., Milke, J., Mitrica, B., Morello, C., Navarra, G., Nehls, S., Oehlschläger, J., Ostapchenko, S., Over, S., Palmieri, N., Petcu, M., Pierog, T., Rebel, H., Roth, M., Schieler, H., Schröder, F., Sima, O., Toma, G., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Ulrich, H., Weindl, A., Wochele, J., Wommer, M., and Zabierowski, J.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The all-particle energy spectrum as measured by the KASCADE-Grande experiment for E = 10^{16} - 10^{18} eV is presented within the framework of the QGSJET II/FLUKA hadronic interaction models. Three different methods were applied based on the muon size and the total number of charged particles individually and in combination. From the study it is found that the spectrum cannot be completely described by a smooth power law due to the presence of characteristic features., Comment: Invited talk given at XVI International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions ISVHECRI 2010, Batavia, IL, USA (28 June 2 July 2010). 6 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2010
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23. EAS-TOP: Results of the gamma-ray astronomy at 1014 eV

Author: O. Saavedra, Carlotta Castagnoli, C. Morello, P. Galeotti, Piero Vallania, Bruno Alessandro, F. Arneodo, L. Riccati, S. Vernetto, Marco Aglietta, W. Fulgione, C. Cattadori, G. Mannocchi, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, G. Cini, Antonella Castellina, G. Navarra, P. L. Ghia, L. Bergamasco, G. Badino, Gian Carlo Trinchero, and A. Chiavassa
Subjects: Physics, Air shower, Crab Nebula, Pulsar, High-energy astronomy, Northern Hemisphere, Astronomy, Angular resolution, Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Particle detector
Abstract: The EAS-TOP Extensive Air Shower array, on top of the under-ground Gran Sasso Laboratory, is fully operating as a γ-ray astronomy observatory since the beginning of 1989. After showing the measured angular resolution of the detector, we present the results obtained from the analysis of 280 days of measurements in 1989–1990, with the purpose of investigating possible emission (d.c. and sporadic) from the candidate sources in the Northern hemisphere at an energy, >200 TeV.
Published: 1992
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24. EAS-TOP: Lateral and temporal characteristics of extensive air showers

Author: B. Alessandro, S. Vernetto, P. L. Ghia, A. Chiavassa, L. Riccati, C. Morello, Carlotta Castagnoli, F. Arneodo, W. Fulgione, O. Saavedra, Antonella Castellina, Marco Aglietta, P. Galeotti, G. Mannocchi, G. Cini, G. Navarra, C. Cattadori, P. Vallania, Gian Carlo Trinchero, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, and L. Bergamasco
Subjects: Core (optical fiber), Physics, Optics, Distribution function, business.industry, Monte Carlo method, Front (oceanography), Time distribution, Time lag, Geometry, Cosmic ray, business, Space radiation
Abstract: First results on the lateral and temporal structures of EAS obtained from the EAS-TOP array are presented. A correlation between the slope of the lateral distribution function and the time delay of EAS particles with respect to the shower front at fixed core distance is found and discussed.
Published: 1992
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25. Evolution of the Cosmic-Ray anisotropy above 10(14) eV

Author: C. Morello, G. Di Sciascio, S. Vernetto, O. Saavedra, C. Vigorito, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, Antonella Castellina, G. Navarra, Victor Alekseenko, Pietro Antonioli, W. Fulgione, A. Stamerra, Piera Luisa Ghia, M. Iacovacci, G. Mannocchi, P. Galeotti, L. Bergamasco, R. Bonino, M. E. Bertaina, Bruno Alessandro, A. Chiavassa, Marco Aglietta, S. Valchierotti, Piero Vallania, F. Arneodo, Gian Carlo Trinchero, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, and Iacovacci, Michele
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, diffusion, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, Cosmic rays, Amplitude, Space and Planetary Science, Full data, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Anisotropy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: The amplitude and phase of the cosmic ray anisotropy are well established experimentally between 10^{11} eV and 10^{14} eV. The study of their evolution into the energy region 10^{14}-10^{16} eV can provide a significant tool for the understanding of the steepening ("knee") of the primary spectrum. In this letter we extend the EAS-TOP measurement performed at E_0 around 10^{14} eV, to higher energies by using the full data set (8 years of data taking). Results derived at about 10^{14} and 4x10^{14} eV are compared and discussed. Hints of increasing amplitude and change of phase above 10^{14} eV are reported. The significance of the observation for the understanding of cosmic ray propagation is discussed., 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication on ApJ Letters
Published: 2009

26. Detection of the UHE Burst from the Crab Nebula on February 23, 1989, from the EAS-TOP Array

Author: W. Fulgione, L. Riccati, C. Cattadori, Carlotta Castagnoli, C. Morello, Giovanni Badino, Piero Vallania, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, B. Alssandro, G. Cini, P. L. Ghia, L. Bergamasco, Antonella Castellina, G. Mannocchi, Marco Aglietta, O. Saavedra, P. Galeotti, L. Periale, Gian Carlo Trinchero, S. Vernetto, G. Navarra, M., Aglietta, B., Alssandro, G., Badino, L., Bergamasco, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, C., Cattadori, G., Cini, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, G., Mannocchi, C., Morello, G., Navarra, L., Periale, L., Riccati, O., Saavedra, G. C., Trinchero, P., Vallania, and S., Vernetto
Subjects: Physics, Crab Nebula, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics
Abstract: On February 23, 1989, an excess of counts of > 100 TeV Extensive Air Showers has been recorded from the direction of the Crab Nebula by three independent detectors: Baksan (North Caucasus, USSR), KGF (India) and EAS-TOP (Gran Sasso, Italy). The chance probability of the combined detection is ~ 10-7. We discuss the EAS-TOP observations from the statistical point of view (chance probability ≤ 10-2) and present some phenomenological characteristics of the events.
Published: 1991
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27. The proton attenuation length and the p-air inelastic cross section at √s2 TeV from EAS-TOP

Author: L. Bergamasco, Carlo Vigorito, C. Morello, Marco Aglietta, O. Saavedra, Antonella Castellina, P. L. Ghia, M. E. Bertaina, A. Chiavassa, Bruno Alessandro, G. Cini Castagnoli, M. Iacovacci, Carlotta Castagnoli, Piero Vallania, Gian Carlo Trinchero, P. Galeotti, G. Mannocchi, F. Arneodo, G. Di Sciascio, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, A. Lima de Godoi, W. Fulgione, Pietro Antonioli, S. Vernetto, and G. Navarra
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), biology, Proton, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Attenuation length, Interaction model, Venus, biology.organism_classification, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics
Abstract: The attenuation length of proton primaries and the proton-air inelastic cross section are studied at energies E 0 ≈ 10 15 eV by using the EAS-TOP array data. Proton initiated Extensive Air Showers, in the energy range (2 ÷ 4) 10 15 eV and near maximum development, are selected from their N μ ( E μ > 1 GeV) and N e sizes. The experimental attenuation length A obs is compared with those obtained from simulations, including the full detector response. based on different interaction models (HDPM, VENUS, DPMJET, QGSJET and SIBYLL) in the frame of CORSIKA code. The proton-air inelastic cross section is also inferred by using the factor k = Λ obs sim /λ p —air sim obtained from each interaction model.
Published: 1999
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28. Study of Forbush effects by means of muon hodoscopes

Author: Barbashina, N. S., Borog, V. V., Dmitrieva, A. N., Kokoulin, R. P., Kompaniets, K. G., Mannocchi, G., Petrukhin, A. A., Room, D. A., Saavedra, O., Shutenko, V. V., Timashkov, D. A., Gian Carlo Trinchero, and Yashin, I. I.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics
Abstract: Muon rate variations during Forbush effects registered by means of muon detectors DECOR, TEMP and URAGAN operated in the experimental complex NEVOD (MEPhI, Moscow) have been studied, and comparative analysis with neutron monitor data has been performed. The ratio of values of Forbush decreases in muon and in neutron fluxes is about one third, and preliminary rigidity dependence of Forbush decrease amplitude using muon data has been also obtained (for 2.4 GV cut-off rigidity). The detection of muon flux in the hodoscopic mode allows to study the dynamics of muon flux anisotropy related with magnetic field perturbations. Results of analysis of data from the new unique muon detector URAGAN indicate the change of muon flux asymmetry direction during the Forbush decrease. This phenomenon is related with the motion of solar plasma cloud and hodoscope acceptance cone relative to each other., 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Published: 2007

29. 12th International Conference on Elastic and Diffractive Scattering (Blois Workshop) - Forward Physics and QCD

Author: Bartels, J., Borras, K., Diehl, M., Jung, H., Abramowicz, H., Albacete, J., Alvarez-Gaume, L., Alvarez-Muniz, J., Ball, R. D., Belov, K., Bluemer, J., Bluemlein, J., Bonato, A., Braun, M., Brogueira, P., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Conceicao, R., Cudell, J-R, Dainton, J., Roeck, A., Deile, M., Dias Deus, J., Engel, R., Espirito Santo, M. C., Ewerz, C., Fabbri, R., Fadin, V., Falgari, P., Fanò, L., Ferreira, E., Forshaw, J., Forte, S., Frankfurt, L., Dosch, H. G., Gomez, C., Golec-Biernat, K., Goloskokov, S., Goulianos, K., Gustafson, G., Hamilton, A., Hyde, C. E., Islam, M., Ivanov, D., Luddy, R. J., Jenkovsky, L., Kaspar, J., Kaidalov, A., Kepka, O., Khoze, V., Klein, M., Kopeliovich, B. Z., Kovner, A., Kowalski, H., Kozlov, M., Kretzschmar, J., Kumericki, K., Kundrat, V., Iafelice, P. L., Laycock, P., Lengyel, A., Levin, E., Levy, A., Lipatov, L., Lokajicek, M., Londergan, J., Luszczak, A., Lyuboshitz, V. L., Mueller, D., Martin, A. D., Martynov, E., Marzani, S., Meggiolaro, E., Munier, S., Nachtmann, O., Namsoo, T., Newman, P., Nicolescu, B., Nystrand, J., Passek-Kumericki, K., Pierog, T., Pilkington, A., Pimenta, M., Pire, B., Povh, B., Roehrich, D., Royon, C., Ryskin, M. G., Sabio Vera, A., Salvadore, M., Sbarra, C., Schuessler, F., Schicker, R., Schmidt, I., Schoeffel, L., Schwennsen, F., Segond, M., Selyugin, O. V., Seymour, M., Shoshi, A., Stasto, A., Strikman, M., Surrow, B., Szczepaniak, A. P., Szczurek, A., Szymanowski, L., Tasevsky, M., Tavanfar, A., Togawa, M., Tricomi, A., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Lyuboshitz, V. V., Vazquez-Mozo, M. A., Vacca, G. P., Manteuffel, A., Vyazovsky, M. I., Wallon, S., Watt, G., Weiss, C., Werner, K., and Xiao, B. W.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Elastic and Diffractive Scattering (Blois Workshop) - Forward Physics and QCD, Comment: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Elastic and Diffractive Scattering (Blois Workshop) - Forward Physics and QCD, 549 pages replaced to include list of conveners
Published: 2007
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30. Temperature effect corrections for URAGAN based on CAO, GDAS, NOAA data

Author: A. A. Petrukhin, V. V. Borog, Gian Carlo Trinchero, E. I. Yakovleva, Yu. N. Mishutina, D. V. Chernov, G. Mannocchi, K. G. Kompaniets, A. A. Kovylyaeva, I. I. Astapov, O. Saavedra, O. A. Sit’ko, V. V. Shutenko, N. S. Barbashina, I. I. Yashin, R. P. Kokoulin, A. N. Dmitrieva, and N. V. Ampilogov
Subjects: History, Meteorology, Weather forecasting, Atmospheric sciences, computer.software_genre, Computer Science Applications, Education, Atmosphere, Data assimilation, Geography, Observatory, Isobaric process, Satellite, Anisotropy, computer, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Counting rate
Abstract: For the analysis of muon flux variations caused by extra-atmospheric processes it is necessary to introduce corrections for meteorological effects. For temperature effect (TE) correction it is necessary to know the temperature profile of the atmosphere. As a rule, this profile is measured by meteorological balloons two or four times a day. Alternative sources are satellite observations and data obtained from models of atmosphere used for weather forecasting. Vertical temperature profiles obtained from NOAA satellites, GDAS (Global Data Assimilation System) and CAO data (Central Aerological Observatory, Russia) for standard isobaric levels were compared. Mean value of temperature difference for most levels does not exceed 1 K. Comparison of URAGAN data corrected for TE with CAO information, satellites and GDAS shows a good agreement. Counting rate and anisotropy of the muon flux corrected for meteorological effects for 2007-2014 are presented.
Published: 2015
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31. COMBINED LOPES AND KASCADE-GRANDE DATA ANALYSIS

Author: J. Anton Zensus, Markus Roth, Gian Carlo Trinchero, and Gernot Maier
Published: 2006
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32. Combined Lopes and Kascade-Grande Data Analysis

Author: Wolfgang Walkowiak, J. Anton Zensus, Kai Daumiller, Gian Carlo Trinchero, Karl-Heinz Kampert, Mario Edoardo Bertaina, Janusz Zabierowski, Stijn Buitink, Federico Di Pierro, Jörg Hörandel, Markus Roth, Heino Falcke, Gernot Maier, Tim Huege, and Tanguy Pierog
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle number, LOPES, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, LOFAR, Astrophysics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Shower, Air shower, KASCADE, Coincident, Event (particle physics), Remote sensing
Abstract: First analyses of coincident data of the LOPES (LOfar PrototypE Station) radio antennas with the particle air shower experiment KASCADE-Grande show basic correlations in the observed shower parameters, like the strength of the radio signal and the particle number, or comparing the estimated shower directions. In addition, an improvement of the experimental resolution of the shower parameters reconstructed by KASCADE-Grande can be obtained by including the data of the radio antennas. This important feature will be shown in this article explicitely by an example event., Comment: 5 pages, Proceedings of International Workshop on Acoustic and Radio EeV Neutrino detection Activities: ARENA, May 17-19, 2005, DESY Zeuthen
Published: 2006

33. Conceptual design and simulation of a water Cherenkov muon veto for the XENON1T experiment

Author: Y. Meng, M. Murra, N. Priel, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, M. Messina, Florian Kaether, M. Selvi, K. Arisaka, Gian Carlo Trinchero, Eilam Gross, A. Rizzo, A. Behrens, C. Reuter, S. Schindler, Luke Goetzke, S. E. A. Orrigo, J. A. M. Lopes, J. Naganoma, Auke-Pieter Colijn, A. Kish, D. Mayani Paras, Gabriella Sartorelli, A. Lyashenko, R. Persiani, S. Reichard, A. Molinario, L. Levinson, B. Miguez, F. Arneodo, P. Barrow, Giacomo Bruno, F. V. Massoli, A. Teymourian, S. Fattori, W. Hampel, Amos Breskin, Boris Bauermeister, R. F. Lang, E. Pantic, K. Bokeloh, D. Lellouch, Ethan Brown, João Cardoso, L. Scotto Lavina, W. Fulgione, J. Schreiner, M. Weber, S. MacMullin, M. P. Decowski, Manfred Lindner, Ran Budnik, A. D. Ferella, G. Kessler, K. Lung, D. Thers, G. Plante, A. Tiseni, Hongwei Wang, C. Grignon, F. Piastra, J.M.F. dos Santos, Marc Schumann, P. Shagin, Julien Masbou, H. Simgen, J. Pienaar, F. Agostini, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, M. Auger, M. Alfonsi, P. Beltrame, S. Rosendahl, Sebastian Lindemann, C. Balan, G. Morana, Elena Aprile, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, Ch. Weinheimer, Uwe Oberlack, April S. Brown, R. Itay, M. Garbini, E. Duchovni, Laura Baudis, M. Le Calloch, S. Bruenner, C. Levy, O. Vitells, C. Geis, H. Contreras, H. Landsman, E. Aprile, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, K. Arisaka, F. Arneodo, M. Auger, C. Balan, P. Barrow, L. Baudi, B. Bauermeister, A. Behren, P. Beltrame, K. Bokeloh, A. Breskin, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, J.M.R. Cardoso, A.P. Colijn, H. Contrera, J.P. Cussonneau, M.P. Decowski, E. Duchovni, S. Fattori, A.D. Ferella, W. Fulgione, M. Garbini, C. Gei, L.W. Goetzke, C. Grignon, E. Gro, W. Hampel, R. Itay, F. Kaether, G. Kessler, A. Kish, H. Landsman, R.F. Lang, M. Le Calloch, D. Lellouch, L. Levinson, C. Levy, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, J.A.M. Lope, K. Lung, A. Lyashenko, S. MacMullin, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, F.V. Massoli, D. Mayani Para, A.J. Melgarejo Fernandez, Y. Meng, M. Messina, B. Miguez, A. Molinario, G. Morana, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, U. Oberlack, S.E.A. Orrigo, E. Pantic, R. Persiani, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, G. Plante, N. Priel, S. Reichard, C. Reuter, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, J.M.F. dos Santo, G. Sartorelli, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, H. Simgen, A. Teymourian, D. Ther, A. Tiseni, G. Trinchero, O. Vitell, H. Wang, M. Weber, C. Weinheimer, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), XENON100, Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, IHEF (IoP, FNWI), IoP (FNWI), Faculty of Science, Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), GRAPPA (ITFA, IoP, FNWI), and The XENON100 Collabration
Subjects: axions, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Cherenkov and transition radiation, Cherenkov detector, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Xenon, WIMP, law, Cherenkov and transition radiation, Detector modelling and simulations, Cherenkov detectors, Dark Matter detectors, etc.), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs, Mathematical Physics, Cherenkov radiation, etc), Physics, Muon, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cherenkov detectors, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, interaction of photons with matter, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs, axions, etc.), interaction of hadrons with matter, etc), [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], interaction of hadrons with matter, chemistry, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: XENON is a direct detection dark matter project, consisting of a time projection chamber (TPC) that uses xenon in double phase as a sensitive detection medium. XENON100, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, is one of the most sensitive experiments of its field. During the operation of XENON100, the design and construction of the next generation detector (of ton-scale mass) of the XENON project, XENON1T, is taking place. XENON1T is being installed at LNGS as well. It has the goal to reduce the background by two orders of magnitude compared to XENON100, aiming at a sensitivity of $2 \cdot 10^{-47} \mathrm{cm}^{\mathrm{2}}$ for a WIMP mass of 50 GeV/c$^{2}$. With this goal, an active system that is able to tag muons and their induced backgrounds is crucial. This active system will consist of a water Cherenkov detector realized with a water volume $\sim$10 m high and $\sim$10 m in diameter, equipped with photomultipliers of 8 inches diameter and a reflective foil. In this paper we present the design and optimization study for this muon veto water Cherenkov detector, which has been carried out with a series of Monte Carlo simulations, based on the GEANT4 toolkit. This study showed the possibility to reach very high detection efficiencies in tagging the passage of both the muon and the shower of secondary particles coming from the interaction of the muon in the rock: >99.5% for the former type of events (which represent $\sim$ 1/3 of all the cases) and >70% for the latter type of events (which represent $\sim$ 2/3 of all the cases). In view of the upgrade of XENON1T, that will aim to an improvement in sensitivity of one order of magnitude with a rather easy doubling of the xenon mass, the results of this study have been verified in the upgraded geometry, obtaining the same conclusions.
Published: 2014
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34. Supernova neutrino detection with LVD

Author: Piero Vallania, Gian Carlo Trinchero, Stefano Santini, Walter Fulgione, and Ali Behcet Alpat
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Supernova, Neutrino detector, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Large Volume Detector, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: We report on the Large Volume Detector (LVD), running as a Supernova neutrino telescope since June 1992. The LVD characteristics and performances are discussed in comparison with other detectors based on different techniques. The ν signal expected in LVD from a gravitational stellar collapse in our Galaxy has been calculated in detail for different spectral characteristics of the ν emission.
Published: 1999

35. Search for high energy GRBs with EASTOP

Author: Carlotta Castagnoli, Gian Carlo Trinchero, M. Iacovacci, G. Di Sciascio, Piero Vallania, L. Bergamasco, F. Arneodo, O. Saavedra, A. Chiavassa, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, M. E. Bertaina, G. Cini, Bruno Alessandro, Marco Aglietta, C. Morello, G. Mannocchi, Pietro Antonioli, Antonella Castellina, S. Vernetto, G. Navarra, P. Galeotti, W. Fulgione, P. L. Ghia, Carlo Vigorito, M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, L., Bergamasco, M., Bertaina, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, A., Chiavassa, G., Cini, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, G. D., Sciascio, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, Iacovacci, Michele, G., Mannocchi, C., Morello, G., Navarra, O., Saavedra, G. C., Trinchero, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, and C., Vigorito
Subjects: Physics, High energy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Gamma-ray burst, Zenith, Energy (signal processing), Counting rate, Coincidence
Abstract: A search for GRBs of energy E> 10 GeV has been performed by studying the single particle counting rate of the EAS array EASTOP. No candidates have been observed in coincidence with 292 BATSE GRBs and the typical upper limits obtained on the energy fluence are F (10 GeV 1 TeV) 10 4 10 3 erg cm 2 for the events with zenith angle 10 GeV can reach the detector level; although the number of sec- ondary particles is too small to reconstruct the primary direction, GRBs could be detected as a short time increase in the single particle counting rate. The background con- sists of e and generated by low energy cosmic rays. All sources of background modulation have time scales (hours) much larger than the typical GRB duration (sec- onds), hence they do not aect the GRBs search. The EASTOP experiment is running since 1991 at Campo Imperatore in Italy, at 2000 m a.s.l. The ar- ray is devoted to the measurement of the various com- ponents of extensive air showers. In the GRBs search
Published: 1999

36. Search for low energy? e,?,? andv e,?,? in coincidence with BATSE gamma ray bursts

Author: L. Periale, V. F. Yakushev, F. F. Khalchukov, O. G. Ryazhskaya, P. Antonioli, C. Castagnoli, O. Saavedra, S. Vernetto, V. L. Dadykin, Marco Aglietta, E. V. Korolkova, Antonella Castellina, V. B. Kortchaguin, G. Bologna, V. G. Ryassny, G. T. Zatsepin, V. A. Kudryavtsev, Gian Carlo Trinchero, C. Vigorito, A. S. Malguin, P. Galeotti, W. Fulgione, Giovanni Badino, and P. V. Kortchaguin
Subjects: Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Neutrino telescope, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Photon flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Scintillator, Coincidence, Cosmology, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Gamma-ray burst
Abstract: A search for low energy neutrinos of all flavours in correlation with 553 γ ray bursts detected by BATSE aboard the Compton Observatory has been performed by the LSD (Liquid Scintillator Detector) neutrino telescope. No excess ofνe,μ,τ orve,μ,τ candidate has been detected by LSD during the time interval in which BATSE detected the 90% of the photon flux for any of the GRBs analyzed. Upper limits on the neutrino fluxes are given in the paper.
Published: 1995

37. Large-P-T physics with cosmic-ray events

Author: G. Mannocchi, A. Chiavassa, G. Di Sciascio, C. Melagrana, Antonella Castellina, A. E. Chudakov, G. Navarra, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, M. Iacovacci, Piero Vallania, P. L. Ghia, A. Campos Fauth, O. Saavedra, F. Arneodo, Gian Carlo Trinchero, L. Riccati, Bruno Alessandro, L. Bergamasco, H. Nogima, A. Turtelli, C. Morello, V. A. Tizengauzen, Pietro Antonioli, S. Vernetto, M. E. Bertaina, G. Cini Castagnoli, A. S. Lidvansky, W. Fulgione, P. Galeotti, Marco Aglietta, N. Mengotti Silva, M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, L., Bergamasco, M., Bertaina, A. C., Fauth, A., Castellina, A., Chiavassa, A. E., Chudakov, G. C., Castagnoli, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, G., Disciascio, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, Iacovacci, Michele, A. S., Lidvansky, G., Mannocchi, C., Melagrana, N. M., Silva, C., Morello, G., Navarra, H., Nogima, L., Riccati, O., Saavedra, G. C., Trinchero, V. A., Tizengauzen, A., Turtelli, P., Vallania, and S., Vernetto
Subjects: Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Jet (particle physics), JET PRODUCTION, Nuclear physics, COLLIDER, ENERGY, Air shower, Transverse momentum, PARTICLES, Granularity, LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM
Abstract: Extensive Air Shower (EAS) experiments with high granularity have reported the detection of multicore events. On the other hand, multicluster and double-core events have been observed with emulsion chambers (EC) at mountain altitudes since the late '70s. A striking characteristic of these events is the large transverse momentum of the clusters. At accelerator energy region, it is known that jet production in deep inelastic hadronic processes is associated with the emission of large-P T particles. In this paper we analyse the possibility that both EAS and EC events represent the same physical process, discussing the physical consequences of this fact and the possibilities offered by both techniques in integrating the accelerators data.
Published: 1995

38. Results On Candidate Uhe Gamma-ray Sources By the Eas-top Array (1989-1993)

Author: Carlotta Castagnoli, P. L. Ghia, M. Iacovacci, P. Galeotti, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, Piero Vallania, F. Arneodo, A. Chiavassa, G. Cini, Antonella Castellina, A. Campos Fauth, O. Saavedra, L. Riccati, Bruno Alessandro, G. Navarra, Marco Aglietta, L. Bergamasco, G. Di Sciascio, G. Mannocchi, S. Vernetto, W. Fulgione, C. Morello, Pietro Antonioli, Gian Carlo Trinchero, M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, L., Bergamasco, A. C., Fauth, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, A., Chiavassa, G., Cini, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, G., Disciascio, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, Iacovacci, Michele, G., Mannocchi, C., Morello, G., Navarra, L., Riccati, O., Saavedra, G. C., Trinchero, P., Vallania, and S., Vernetto
Subjects: Physics, Gamma ray, Northern Hemisphere, Other Fields of Physics, Flux, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, GEMINGA, BURST, CRAB-NEBULA, Crab Nebula, Pulsar, HERCULES-X-1, SEARCH, TEV, RADIATION, EMISSION, Zenith, CYGNUS-X-3
Abstract: A search for UHE gamma-rays from 13 candidate point sources observable in the northern hemisphere (the Crab Nebula and Pulsar, Cygnus X-3, Hercules X-1, Geminga and others) has been performed by the EAS-TOP array during four years of operation since January 1989 to December 1993, at different energy thresholds (E(0) = 30-300 TeV). DC, periodic and sporadic emissions have been studied, and no evidence for significant excesses has been found from any of these searches. The derived 90% c.l. upper limits to the d.c. flux, for a source culminating at the zenith such as Cygnus X-3, are Phi(E > 230 TeV) < 2 x 10(-14) cm(-2) s(-1), Phi(E > 90 TeV) < 4.1 x 10(-14) cm(-2) s(-1) and Phi(E > 25 TeV) < 1.9 x 10(-13) cm(-2) s(-1). The excess from the Crab Nebula of February 23, 1989, as reported by the EAS-TOP, Baksan and KGF arrays, remains the only sporadic excess detected with statistically significant confidence level (probability of background imitation approximate to 10(-5)).
Published: 1995

39. Search for GeV GRBs with the INCA experiment

Author: D. Urzagasti, Renan Cabrera, K. Nishi, H. Yoshii, Antonio Velarde, Piero Vallania, C. Morello, S. Vernetto, T. Kaneko, G. Navarra, P. L. Ghia, Fumio Kakimoto, O. Saavedra, Antonella Castellina, and Gian Carlo Trinchero
Subjects: Physics, Range (particle radiation), Air shower, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Energy fluence, Time duration, Gamma-ray burst, Event (particle physics), Zenith, Counting rate
Abstract: INCA is an air shower array located at Mount Chacaltaya in Bolivia, at 5200 m a.s.l., searching for Gamma Ray Bursts of energy GeV. The results presented here concern a GRB search made in correlation with 70 events recorded by BATSE since December 1996 to August 1998. For every burst, the INCA counting rate has been studied both during the BATSE detection time and in 2 hours around. No significant excess has been found in any of the trials. Assuming for the burst a power low energy spectrum extending up to 1 TeV with a slope and a time duration of 10 s, the obtained energy fluence upper limits range from to depending on the event zenith angle.
Published: 1999
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40. Status of the KASCADE-Grande experiment

Author: Wolfgang Walkowiak, Kai Daumiller, Gian Carlo Trinchero, Janusz Zabierowski, Vitor De souza, Tim Huege, and Tanguy Pierog
Subjects: Physics, History, Range (particle radiation), KASCADE, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract: The KASCADE-Grande experiment, located on site of the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany, measures extensive air showers in the energy range between 5 × 1014 and 1018 eV, thus covering the first and the possible second knee of cosmic rays. Main goals of the experiment are investigations of the knee at around 4 × 1015 eV and the verification of the existence of an expected iron knee at energies around 1017 eV. Furthermore, the energy range between 1017 eV and 1018 eV is of special interest since some theories predict that the transition from galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays already begins at these energies. In this overview the apperatus, its performance, and first results are presented.
Published: 2008
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41. The EAS-TOP array at Gran Sasso: results of the electromagnetic detector

Author: Piero Vallania, L. Bergamasco, Marco Aglietta, P. L. Ghia, C. Castagnoli, Bruno Alessandro, W. Fulgione, P. Galeotti, Antonella Castellina, C. Morello, L. Periale, Gian Carlo Trinchero, P. Picchi, Giovanni Badino, L. Riccati, G. Cini, O. Saavedra, G. Mannocchi, S. Vernetto, G. Navarra, and B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli
Subjects: Physics, ICARUS, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Component (UML), Detector, Observable, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: The detector of the e.m. component of Extensive Air Showers of the EAS-TOP array at Gran Sasso has been in operation for part of 1988 and 1989. We present the results obtained at primary energy Eγ ≈ 150 TeV in the study of the candidate sources observable in the northern emisphere. The observations of Cygnus X-3 during the radio burst of June '89 are discussed.
Published: 1990
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42. The EAS-TOP array at : Stability and resolutions

Author: G. Mannocchi, G. Cini, Marco Aglietta, G. Navarra, M. Dardo, L. Bergamasco, Antonella Castellina, Carlotta Castagnoli, Piero Vallania, O. Saavedra, P. Picchi, L. Periale, W. Fulgione, P. L. Ghia, S. Vernetto, G. Badino, P. Galeotti, Gian Carlo Trinchero, B. D'Ettorre-Piazzoli, and C. Morello
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Optics, Air shower, business.industry, Detector, Resolution (electron density), Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, business, Instrumentation, Stability (probability), Electron distribution
Abstract: The characteristics of the EAS-TOP extensive air shower array as a detector of very high energy cosmic rays ( E 0 ≥ 10 14 eV) for astrophysical studies are discussed. The array is located on top of the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory in central Italy; a subarray (11 modules of the em detector) has been operating since the end of 1987. From such data the stability of the detector, the timing resolution, the accuracies in the determination of the arrival directions ( δθ = 1.2° at E 0 ∼ 200 TeV in the present configuration) and in the reconstruction of the lateral electron distribution and of the shower size are derived.
Published: 1989
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43. The properties of the detection system of the LVD/UNO experiment

Author: Marco Aglietta, O. Saavedra, Gian Carlo Trinchero, and W. Fulgione
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Physics::Popular Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Electronics, Scintillator, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: Characteristics of the liquid scintillator modules used in the LVD/UNO experiment at the Gran Sasso Laboratory are discussed, with particular attention to the electronics and data readout system for energy and time measurement.
Published: 1989
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44. Muon spectra reconstructed from inclined air showers measured by KASCADE-Grande

Author: Arteaga, J. C., Apel, W. D., Badea, F., Bekk, K., Bertaina, M., Blümer, J., Bozdog, H., Brancus, I. M., Brüggemann, M., Buchholz, P., Chiavassa, A., Cossavella, F., Daumiller, K., Souza, V., Di Pierro, F., Doll, P., Engel, R., Engler, J., Finger, M., Fuhrmann, D., Ghia, P. L., Gils, H. J., Glasstetter, R., Grupen, C., Haungs, A., Heck, D., Hörandel, J. R., Huege, T., Isar, P. G., Kampert, K. -H, Kickelbick, D., Klages, H. O., Kolotaev, Y., Luczak, P., Mathes, H. J., Mayer, H. J., Meurer, C., Milke, J., Mitrica, B., Morales, A., Morello, C., Navarra, G., Nehls, S., Oehlschläger, J., Ostapchenko, S., Over, S., Petcu, M., Pierog, T., Plewnia, S., Rebel, H., Roth, M., Schieler, H., Sima, O., Stümpert, M., Toma, G., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Ulrich, H., Buren, J., Walkowiak, W., Weindl, A., Wochele, J., and Zabierowski, J.

45. Observation of High Energy Hadrons in the EAS-TOP Calorimeter

Author: Aglietta, M., Alessandro, B., Antonioli, P., Arneodo, F., Bergamasco, L., Campos, Fauth, Castagnoli, C., Castellina, A., Chiavassa, A., Cini, G., D Ettore Piazzoli, B., Di Sciascio, G., Fulgione, W., Galeoti, P., Ghia, P. L., Iacovacci, M., Mannocchi, G., Morello, C., Navarra, G., Riccati, L., Saavedra, O., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Vallania, P., and Vernetto, S.

46. Separation of the electromagnetic and the muon component in EAS by their arrival times

Author: Brüggemann, M., Apel, W. D., Arteaga, J. C., Badea, F., Bekk, K., Bertaina, M., Blümer, J., Bozdog, H., Brancus, I. M., Buchholz, P., Chiavassa, A., Cossavella, F., Daumiller, K., Souza, V., Di Pierro, F., Doll, P., Engel, R., Engler, J., Finger, M., Fuhrmann, D., Ghia, P. L., Gils, H. J., Glasstetter, R., Grupen, C., Haungs, A., Heck, D., Hörandel, J. R., Huege, T., Isar, P. G., Kampert, K. -H, Kickelbick, D., Klages, H. O., Kolotaev, Y., Luczak, P., Mathes, H. J., Mayer, H. J., Meurer, C., Milke, J., Mitrica, B., Morales, A., Morello, C., Navarra, G., Nehls, S., Oehlschläger, J., Ostapchenko, S., Over, S., Petcu, M., Pierog, T., Plewnia, S., Rebel, H., Roth, M., Schieler, H., Sima, O., Stümpert, M., Toma, G., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Ulrich, H., Buren, J., Walkowiak, W., Weindl, A., Wochele, J., and Zabierowski, J.

47. The project of EAS array for experimental complex NEVOD

Author: Shulzhenko, I. A., Amelchakov, M. B., Bogdanov, A. G., Chiavassa, A., Khokhlov, S. S., Kindin, V. V., Kokoulin, R. P., Kompaniets, K. G., Likiy, I. O., Mannocchi, G., Ovchinnikov, V. V., Petrukhin, A. A., Saavedra, O., Shestakov, V. V., Shutenko, V. V., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Yashin, I. I., and Zadeba, E. A.

48. Measurements of the Neutrino Flux from Diffuse Sources with LSD Experiment at Mt. Blanc Laboratory

Author: Aglietta, M., Badino, G., Bologna, G., Castagnoli, C., Castellina, A., Dadykin, L. V., Fulgione, W., Galeotti, P., Kalchukov, F. F., Kortchaguin, B. V., Kortchaguin, V. P., Malguin, S. A., Ryassny, G. V., Ryazskaya, G. O., Saavedra, O., Talockin, P. V., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Vernetto, S., Zatsepin, T. G., and Yakushev, F. V.

49. Investigation of the energy deposit of inclined muon bundles in the Cherenkov water detector NEVOD

Author: Yashin, I. I., Barbashina, N. S., Bogdanov, A. G., Chernov, D. V., Dushkin, L. I., Khokhlov, S. S., Khomyakov, V. A., Kindin, V. V., Kokoulin, R. P., Kompaniets, K. G., Kovylyaeva, E. A., Mannocchi, G., Petrukhin, A. A., Romanenkova, E. V., Saavedra, O., Shutenko, V. V., and Gian Carlo Trinchero

50. Ageing measurements on glass RPCs

Author: Ambrosio, M., Candela, A., Deo, M., D Incecco, M., Gamba, D., Giuliano, A., Gustavino, C., Lindozzi, M., Morganti, S., Redaelli, N., Tonazzo, A., Trapani, P., and Gian Carlo Trinchero

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